International Publication :: Science


Title: Spectrophotometric method for the determination of titanium in soil, geo-chemical, silicates rock and paint samples
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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A sensitive and highly selective spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of titanium (IV) using 5-(2',4'-dimethylphenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (I), 5-(2'-methyl-4'-hydroxyphenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (II) and 5-(4'-chlorophenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (II) as chromogenic reagents Titanium(IV) forms insoluble red complexes in aqueous acidic medium, which can be made soluble by the action of anionic surfactant. The deep red coloured complexes, having an absorption maximum at 546, 566 and 595 nm, respectively. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range 0.02-1.80 mug mL(-1) of Ti (IV). For more accurate results, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were found to be 0.05-1.70 mug mL(-1). The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity and relative standard deviations were also calculated. Most of the foreign metal ions and anions do not produce any coloration with reagents (I-III) at the optimum conditions. Based on these results, a simple and direct Specrophotometric method with high selectivity and sensitivity was proposed. The method has been successfully applied for the determination of titanium in soil, geo-chemical and silicate rock samples.

Title: Xenoxylon wood from late jurassic-early cretaceous of gebel kamil, egypt
Authors: Youssef, SGM (Youssef, SGM)
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Three fossil woods, collected from Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of Gebel Kamil in southwestern Egypt, were studied anatomically, and identified as Xenoxylon saadawii sp. nov. of the family Protopinaceae.

Title: Alpha,beta-unsaturated 4-oxo acids in heterocylic synthesis ii. behavior of 3-(1,1-dioxadibenzothein-4-oyl)acrylic acid towards carbon nucleophiles under michael reaction condition
Authors: Wasfy, AF (Wasfy, AF); Amine, MS (Amine, MS); Arief, MMH (Arief, MMH); Donia, SG (Donia, SG); Aly, AA (Aly, AA)
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3-(1,1-Dioxadibenzothien-4-oyl)acrylic acid (1) was condensed with compounds containing active methylene groups under Michael reaction conditions to furnish the Michael adducts (lactones 2a-c, lactams 3a-c, ketones 4a,b). The behavior of these adducts toward the action of hydrazine hydrate were investigated. The compounds were tested for their biological properties.

Title: Thermodynamics of substituted pyrazolone viii. potentiometric, spectrophotometric, and conductometric studies of 4-(4-nitrophenylazo)-3-methyl-1-(2-hydroxy-3-morpholinopropan-1-yl)-2-pyrazolin-5-one and its metal complexes
Authors: El-Sonbati, AZ (El-Sonbati, AZ); El-Bindary, AA (El-Bindary, AA); El-Mosalamy, EH (El-Mosalamy, EH); El-Santawy, AM (El-Santawy, AM)
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Proton-ligand dissociation constant of 4-(4-nitrophenylazo)-3-methyl-1-(2-hydroxy-3-morpholinopropan-1-yl)-2-pyrazolin-5-one (NAMP) and metal-ligand stability constants of its complexes with some transition metal ions were measured potentiometrically in 0.1 M-KCl and 40 vol.% ethanol-water. The order of stability constants was found to be K(UO22+) > K(Ce3+) > K(La3+) > K(Mn2+) < K(Co2+) K(Zn2+) The dissociation constant pK(1)(H) of NAMP and the stepwise stability constants log K of its complexes were determined at different temperatures (298 K, 308 K, and 318 K). The corresponding thermodynamic parameters (DeltaG, DeltaH, and DeltaS) were derived and discussed. The dissociation process is nonspontaneous, endothermic, and entropically unfavourable. The formation of the complexes was found to be spontaneous, exothermic or endothermic (depending on the metal) and entropically favourable. The stoichiometries of the complexes were determined spectrophotometrically and conductometrically and indicate the formation of n(metal): n(ligand) = 1: 1 and 1: 2 complexes.

Title: Spectral classification criteria for some early type stars in the uv region
Authors: Hamdy, MA (Hamdy, MA); Elazm, MSA (Elazm, MSA); Saad, SM (Saad, SM); Nafie, HO (Nafie, HO); Baeth, HEA (Baeth, HEA)
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The aim of this paper is to get new critertia for spectral classification of some early type stars which depend on the flux in the UV region lambdalambda 1500-2500 by carrying out spectrophotometric analysis of observational ultraviolet data of stars obtained by the S2/68 Ultraviolet Sky Survey Telescope (UVSST) aboard the European Space Research Organization (ESRO) Satellite TD1. We have developed these new criteria based on the Intrinsic Ultraviolet Colour Index (IUI), and the Intrinsic Flux Ratio (IFR). Using these quantities we are going to represent the results of spectral classification of 323 early type stars mainly from spectral type B and A. The results of calculations of the Intrinsic Flux Ratios for the stars under investigation together with their Colour Temperatures (Tc) are given. Comparison between our suggested two new criteria with the MK classification system and Cucchairo (1980) classification system was carried out.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of famotidine through oxidation with n-bromosuccinimide and cerric sulphate
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Shama, SA (Shama, SA); Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, IS); Gouda, EA (Gouda, EA)
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Three simple, accurate, sensitive and selective spectrophotometric methods (A, B and C) for the determination of famotidine (Fam) in bulk sample, in dosage forms and in the presence of its oxidative. metabolites are described. The first method A is based on oxidation of the drug by N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and determination of the unreacted NBS by measuring the decrease in absorbance of Amaranth dye (AM) at a suitable lambda(max) (521 nm). The methods B and C involve addition of excess cerric sulphate and determination of the unreacted Ce(IV) by decrease the red colour of chromotrope 2R (C2R) at lambda(max) 528 nm for method B or decrease the orange pink colour of rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) at lambda(max) 526 nm for method C. Regression analysis of Beer-Lambert plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges 0.1-2.4 mug mL(-1) for method A and 0.1-2.2 mug mL(-1) for methods B and C. The apparent molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantitation limits were calculated. For more accurate results, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were 0.2-2.2 mug mL(-1) for method A and 0.2-2.0 mug mL(-1) for methods B and C. The stoichiometric ratio between the drug (Fam) and the oxidant (NBS or Ce4+) was estimated. The validity of the proposed methods were tested by analysing pure and dosage forms containing famotidine and in the presence of its oxidative degradates. Statistical treatment of the results reflects that the proposed procedures are precise, accurate and easily applicable for the determination of famotidine in pure form, in pharmaceutical preparations and in the presence of its oxidative degradates.

Title: Microdetermination of zinc(ii) in alloys and ores by visible spectrophotometric technique using 2,3-dichloro-6(2-hydroxynaphthylazo)quinoxaline in presence of mixed surfactants
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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A new spectrophotometric method for the microdetermination of zinc is proposed. The method is based on complexation reaction of zinc(II) with the chromogenic agent 2,3-dichloro-6-(2-hydroxynaphthylazo)quinoxaline in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and nonyl phenoxy polyetho-xyethanol (OP) in slightly basic medium containing 20% (v/v) ethanol. Under certain experimental conditions, Beer's law is obeyed over the range 0.02-0.80 mug ml(-1) of Zn2+ with molar absorptivity of 1.06 x 10(5) l Mol(-1) cm(-1) and Sandell sensitivity of 0.62 ng cm(-2). The limits of detection and quantification as well as the regression equation are also calculated. The relative standard deviation for ten determinations for sample containing 0.5 mug ml(-1) was found to be 1.15%. As compared with other methods, our method is highly sensitive and selective because of the complex has high, and sharp absorption band at 616 nm. In addition, the present method is simple and rapid, no heating, no extraction or standing is needed. The proposed method has been applied successfully to the spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of zinc in some alloys and ore samples.

Title: Analytic assessment of used nuclear fuel disposal
Authors: Saied, EA (Saied, EA)
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A theoretical analysis of the migration of nuclides leaching out of a repository is presented. The analysis is applicable to a situation where the diffusion and convection process can be described by (1+ 2) dimension elliptic partial differential equation (PDE). Explicit mathematical formulas have been derived, using symmetry method, for the pore-water concentration of nuclides. By means of a parametric study the effect of cracking on the transport of radionuclides, groundwater velocity and diffusion coefficients on nuclide migration are elucidated. The results indicate that the migration rate in the surrounding geomedium is manageable through the cracks with factor depends on the various parameters of the disposal-vault conditions. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Physical studies on ternary vanadium-phosphate glasses
Authors: El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, MG)
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Four glasses of (V2O5)(0.3)-(P2O5)(0.6)-(MO)(0.1) where MO=(TeO2, GeO2, Bi2O3 or P2O5) were prepared by melting the appropriate amounts of V2O5, MO and (NH4)(2)HPO4 in an open crucible. The structures of the virgin and annealed glasses (at 673 K for 24 h) were studied using density. FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD). electron spin resonance (ESR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The electrical conductivity (sigma), dielectric constant (epsilon') and dielectric loss (epsilon") for the virgin and annealed lasses are investigated over a temperature range between 78 and 450 K and at a frequency from dc to 10(6) Hz. At low temperatures the conductivity data are explained on the basis of variable range hopping mechanism, while at high temperatures the Mott's models of phonon assisted polaronic conductivity is consistent with the conductivity data. The ac-conductivity increased with frequency according to sigma(ac)(omega) = Aomega(s), where s has a value depending on the temperature and the composition of the sample and ties in the range 0.45-0.85. One peak for each one of epsilon"-T plots has been observed at temperatures depending on the composition of the samples. Each of epsilon' and epsilon" was found to be dependent on the composition and the crystalline phases formed in the matrix. The effect of the framework composition of the glass on the physical proper-ties has been discussed.

Title: F-2(+) laser activity and photographic sensitization at the low coordinated surfaces of agbr: ab initio calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, AS); El-Essawy, TF (El-Essawy, TF); Assem, MM (Assem, MM); Abdel Aal, S (Abdel Aal, S); El-Mahdy, AM (El-Mahdy, AM)
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The two-fold potential of F-2(+) center at the low coordinated surfaces of AgBr thin films in providing tunable laser activity and photographic sensitization is investigated using ab initio methods of molecular electronic structure calculations. The explicitly considered clusters were embedded in simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces. The neighbor ions nearest to the F-2(+) defect sites were allowed to relax to equilibrium in each case. As far as the tunable laser is concerned, F-2(+) laser activity increases significantly as the bromine coordination decreases from 5 (flat) to 4 (edge) to 3 (Br- corner). The smallest calculated Stokes-shift at the flat surface suggests that emission has the same oscillator strength as absorption. All relaxed excited states (RESs) are deep below the conduction bands of the perfect ground state surfaces. More than one band are expected for edge and corner surfaces. The Br- corner of AgBr is the least probable site for RES orientational destruction of F-2(+). The excited state at the corner has higher energy than that at the flat or at the edge surfaces. F-2(+) can be readily formed at the bromine corner relative to the flat and edge surfaces. The Glasner-Tompkins relation is generalized to include the reduced bromine coordination at the surfaces of the AgBr host. As far as photographic sensitization is concerned, while the alternating pattern of s(1) silver atoms in the vapor phase was retained, it was destroyed in the crystal environment. The F-2(+) defect containing surface of AgBr is developable with a minor activation energy barrier to electron transfer from the developer. Defect mobility makes electron transfer from the developer more facile in the process of visible image formation. About 58% of the reduction of silver ions at the flat surface of AgBr are attributed to the host anions and F-2(+) defect formation, leaving ca. 42% for the reduction of photoelectrons and developer molecules. The rotational diffusion of the central Ag-2 by 90degrees increases the last percentage to ca. 60%, but is hindered by an energy barrier of ca. 1.66eV. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: On an iteration method for solving a class of nonlinear matrix equations
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); Ran, ACM (Ran, ACM)
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This paper treats a set of equations of the form X + A*F(X)A = Q, where F maps positive definite matrices either into positive definite matrices or into negative definite matrices, and satisfies some monotonicity property. Here A is arbitrary and Q is a positive definite matrix. It is shown that under some conditions an iteration method converges to a positive definite solution. An estimate for the rate of convergence is given under additional conditions, and some numerical results are given. Special cases are considered, which cover also particular cases of the discrete algebraic Riccati equation.

Title: F-a(ga+, in+, tl+) tunable laser activity and interaction of halogen atoms (f, cl, br, i, at) at the (001) surface of kcl crystal: ab initio calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, AS); El-Essawy, TF (El-Essawy, TF); Assem, MM (Assem, MM); Abdel-Aal, S (Abdel-Aal, S); El-Mahdy, AM (El-Mahdy, AM)
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An attempt has been made to examine F-A(Ga+. In+. Tl+) tunable laser activity and adsorptivity of halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I, At) at the (001) surface of KCl crystal using an embedded cluster model, CIS and density functional theory calculations with effective core potentials. The ion clusters were embedded in a simulated Coulomb field that closely approximates the Madelung field at the host surface. The nearest neighbor ions to the defect site were then allowed to relax to equilibrium. Based on the calculated strength of electron-phonon coupling and Stokes-shifted optical transition bands, The F-A(Tl+) center was found to be the most laser active in agreement with the experimental observation that the optical emissions of F-A(In+) and F-A(Ga+) centers were strongly quenched. The disappearance of the anisotropy and np splitting observed in the absorption of F-A(Ga+, In+, Tl+) centers were monotonically increasing functions of the size of the impurity cation. The F-A(Ga+, In+, Tl+) defect formation energies followed the order F-A(Ga+) > F-A(In) > F-A(Tl+). The Glasner-Tompkins empirical relationship between the principal optical absorption of F centers in solids and the fundamental absorption of the host crystal was generalized to include the positive ion species. As far as the adsorptivity of the halogen atoms is concerned, the F and F-A(In+, Tl+) centers were found to change the nature of adsorption from physical adsorption to chemical adsorption. The adsorption energies were monotonically increasing functions of the electronegativity of the halogen and the amount of charge transferred from the defect-free surface. The calculated adsorption energies were explainable in terms of the electron affinity, the effective nuclear charge and the electrostatic potentials at the surface. The spin pairing mechanism played the dominant role in the course of adsorbate-substrate interactions and the KCl defect-free surface can be made semiconducting by For F-A(In+, Tl+) surface imperfections. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Rhodanine azosulpha drugs as corrosion inhibitors for corrosion of 304 stainless steel in hydrochloric acid solution
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M)
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The effect of rhodanine azosulpha drugs on the corrosion behaviour of 304 stainless steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution as corrosive medium has been investigated using weight loss and potentiostatic polarization techniques. Some corrosion parameters such as anodic and cathodic Tafel slope, corrosion potential, corrosion current, exchange current densities, surface coverage and inhibition efficiency were calculated. The polarization measurements indicated that the inhibitors are of mixed type and inhibit corrosion by parallel adsorption on the surface of steel due to the presence of more than one active centre in the inhibitor molecule. The adsorption is obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The activation energy and thermodynamic parameters were calculated at different temperature. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Restrictive chebyshev rational approximation and applications to heat-conduction problems
Authors: Elbarbary, EME (Elbarbary, EME); Elsayed, SM (Elsayed, SM); Youssef, IK (Youssef, IK); Khodier, AMM (Khodier, AMM)
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In this paper, we construct a restrictive type of Chebyshev rational approximation. It yields more accurate results and exact values at some selected points. We use this method to approximate the exponential function. We apply this approach to define a new implicit finite difference scheme to parabolic partial differential equations. This approach will exhibit several advantages features: highly accurate, fast, and the absolute error still very small whatever the exact solution is too large. Stability conditions are obtained and utilized in numerical computations. Finally, some numerical results to describe the performance of this approach are given. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: A qualitative study and field performance for a fluorescent solar collector
Authors: Mansour, AF (Mansour, AF); El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, MG); El-Bashir, SM (El-Bashir, SM); El-Mansy, MK (El-Mansy, MK); Hammam, M (Hammam, M)
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A fluorescent solar collector (FSC) based on Perylene-dye doped in poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) has been suggested. A qualitative study shows that the Perylene dye with high fluorescence quantum yield and large Stokes shift can be used as a good activator for a FSC. After the FSC has been exposed to daylight illumination for one season (Summer 2000), the fluorescence quantum yield decreased and a new fluorescent band appeared. This new band is due to the dimers that exist only in the excited state (excimers). Also, the absorption spectra of Perylene dye was shifted to a longer waveleugth by exposure to sunlight, this leads to more overlapping between absorption and emission spectra and decreased the optical efficiency of the FSC. The optical efficiency of the FSC was measured and calculated hourly for one season. The average values of the optical efficiency for three positions were higher than those obtained in previous work. The photodegradation of the Perylene dye after 32 weeks exposure to daylight shows two decomposition rates. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Optical study of perylene dye doped poly(methyl methacrylate) as fluorescent solar collector
Authors: Mansour, AF (Mansour, AF); El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, MG); El-Bashir, SM (El-Bashir, SM); El-Mansy, MK (El-Mansy, MK); Hammam, M (Hammam, M)
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The optical absorption of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), doped with perylene dye, prepared by both thermal polymerization and casting methods, has been measured before and after exposure to filtered or unfiltered light using xenon arc lamp or day light. The optical band gap of thermally polymerized PMMA was reduced by doping with perylene dye or exposure to UV radiation. Study of DSC and FTIR measurements confirmed that the samples prepared by thermal polymerization are more stable than solvent-cast samples. (C) 2002 Society of Chemical Industry.

Title: Alpha,beta-unsaturated gamma-oxo carboxylic acids in heterocylic synthesis ii. behavior of 4-(5,5-dioxodibenzothiophen-2-yl)-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid towards carbon nucleophiles under michael reaction condition
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF); Amine, MS (Amine, MS); Arief, MMH (Arief, MMH); Donia, SG (Donia, SG); Aly, AA (Aly, AA)
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4-(5,5-Dioxodibenzothiophen-2-yl)-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid (1) was condensed with compounds containing active methylene groups under Michael reaction conditions to form the Michael adducts 2a-c, 3a-c, and 4a-b. The behavior of Michael adduct towards the action of hydrazine hydrate was investigated. The compounds were tested for biological properties.

Title: Studies on quinazolines. part i. annelation to the quinazoline ring utilizing amino acid esters
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF)
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The reaction of quinazoline-4(3H)-thiones 2a-d with amino acid ester hydrochlorides in boiling solvents, under the basic catalysis, afforded the corresponding substitution products (3-6)a-e in low yield. The reaction could be improved by carrying it without a solvent yielding imidazo[1,2-c[- and pyrimido[1,2-c]quinazolines (7-10)a-e. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the prepared compounds were tested.

Title: Type ifa(rb+, cs+) and iifa(li+, na+) tunable laser activities and donor-acceptor properties of o and o- at kcl (001) surface: first principle calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, AS); El-Essawy, TF (El-Essawy, TF); Assem, MM (Assem, MM); Aal, SA (Aal, SA); El-Mahdy, AM (El-Mahdy, AM)
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Type I F-A (Rb+, Cs+) and II F-A (Li+, Na+) tunable laser activities, adsorptivity and donor-acceptor properties of O and O- adsorbates at the flat surface of KCl crystal were investigated using an embedded cluster model and ab initio, methods of molecular electronic structure calculations. Ion clusters were embedded in a simulated Coulomb field that closely approximates the Madelung field of the host surface, and the nearest neighbor ions to the defect site were allowed to relax to equilibrium. Based on the calculated Stokes shifted optical transition bands, F-A tunable laser activities were found to be inversely proportional to the size of the dopant cation (Li+, Na+, Rb+, Cs+) relative to the host cation (K+). This relation was explained in terms of the axial perturbation of the impurity cation. The probability of orientational bleaching attributed to the RES saddle point ion configuration along the (110) axis was found to be inversely proportional to the size of the dopant cation, with activation energy barriers of ca. 0.44-3.34 eV. Surface relaxation energies of type II F-A centers were more important than those of type I F-A centers. In terms of defect formation energies, the products of type II F-A center imperfection were more stable than those of type I F-A. The difference between F or F-A band energies and exciton bands depended almost exclusively on the size of the positive ion species. As far as the adsorptivity of O and O- is concerned, the results confirm that surface imperfection enhances the adsorption energies by ca. 4.38-16.37 eV. O and O- penetrate through the defect-containing surface. The energy gap between the adsorbate and the defect containing surface and the donor-acceptor property of adsorbate play the dominant role in the course of adsorbate substrate interactions and the results were explained in terms of electrostatic potential curves and Mulliken population analysis. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of mordenite dealumination on the structure of encapsulated molybdenum catalysts
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM); Salama, TM (Salama, TM)
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A series of dealuminated mordenites treated under various conditions of acid leaching was impregnated in an aqueous solution of ammonium heptamolybdate to achieve a loading of 12 wt% Mo. These samples were characterized by XRD, UV-DRS, N-2 adsorption, TGA, and FTIR techniques. Special attention was given to the far-IR measurements and IR study of surface hydroxyl groups before and after dealumination. A polymolybdate species was recognized by the appearance of bands at 344, 319, and 236 (229) cm(-1) due to the vibrational modes of delta(Mo-O) and delta(Mo-O-Mo), respectively. The disappearance of the 236 cm(-1) band as well as that at 344 cm(-1) in favor of the 319 cm(-1) band, with the dealumination, was related to the high dispersion of Mo species in the produced mesopore surface assessed by the N-2 adsorption at 77 K. No bands due to bulk MoO3 were detected from the IR and XRD results. A strong interaction between Mo species and dealuminated mordenite surfaces (OH groups) was recognized by a decrease in intensity and a marked shift of the band at 3745 to 3727 cm(-1) as well as the appearance of a new band at 3668 cm(-1). The latter band was produced by the interaction of the framework At-OH with Mo species. The BET surface areas of Mo-dealuminated mordenite samples were higher than the corresponding Mo-free ones. The diffuse reflectance measurements suggested that Mo cations are predominantly present as an octahedrally coordinated Mo6+, along with some tetrahedral Mo6+. New spectral features as a consequence of dealumination events in the far-IR range were evaluated and discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).

Title: Fuzzy t-neighbourhood spaces: part 2 - t-neighbourhood systems
Authors: Hashem, KA (Hashem, KA); Morsi, NN (Morsi, NN)
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We explore a notion of fuzzy T-neighbourhood spaces, for any continuous triangular norm T, and we present on this notion a unified treatment. Our theory, on one hand, generalizes the theory of Lowen (Fuzzy Sets and Systems 7 (1982) 65) from T = Min to arbitrary T, which has been the progenitor of this work, and on the other hand it is strongly related to the theory of L-neighbourhoods of Hohle (Mathematics of Fuzzy Sets: Logic, Topology and Measure Theory, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1999) (when L is restricted to the lattice [0, 1]). We study the T-neighbourhood bases and systems of our spaces, their level topologies, as well as their relationship to the Lowen-Hohle fuzzy T-uniformities (J. Math. Anal. Appl. 82 (1981) 370; Manuscripta Math. 38 (1982) 289) and to our fuzzy T-proximities (introduced in Part I). We show that the nearness concept underlying a fuzzy T-neighbourhood space is a fuzzy relation of closeness between its ordinary subsets and ordinary points. In particular, our spaces are in canonical one-to-one correspondence with the (T-)probabilistic topological spaces of Frank (J. Math. Anal. Appl. 34 (1971) 67). We demonstrate that each full subcategory T-FNS, of FTS, of fuzzy T-neighbourhood spaces is a topological category. To do that, we characterize T-FNS within FTS, and we characterize continuity of functions within T-FNS in terms of T-neighbourhood bases. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Fuzzy t-neighbourhood spaces: part 1 - t-proximities
Authors: Hashem, KA (Hashem, KA); Morsi, NN (Morsi, NN)
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This is the first one of three articles that are intended to be published consecutively in this journal. Together they constitute a three-part work on the unified subject of fuzzy T-neighbourhood spaces and their fuzzy T-proximities, where T stands for any continuous triangular norm. These new notions generalize. to arbitrary T, corresponding ones due to Artico, Hohle, Lowen and Moresco. In this part, we define and study notions of fuzzy T-proximity, one for each T. Their definition subsumes that of fuzzy proximity due to Artico and Moresco (Fuzzy Sets and Systems 21 (1987) 85), as our Min-proximity. In particular, we study proximity maps, the fuzzy topological space associated with a T-proximity (which, in the second part, will be proved a fuzzy T-neighbourhood space), T-proximities as fuzzy relations in (ordinary) power sets, T-proximal neighbourhood systems, and relationships to the Hohle-Lowen fuzzy T-uniformities (J. Math. Anal. Appl. 82 (1981) 370; Manuscripta Math. 38 (1982) 289). The second part of this three-part work will be concerned with the categories of fuzzy T-neighbourhood spaces, one for each T. Whereas we devote the third part to our T-separation axioms in those categories. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Some properties for the existence of a positive definite solution of matrix equation x+a(star)x(-2m) a = i
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); El-Alem, M (El-Alem, M)
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In this paper, we consider the problem of when the equation X + A*X-2m A = I has a positive definite solution. An effective iterative procedure is presented for computing of a positive definite solution of this equation. Some properties of necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of a positive definite solutions are derived. Numerical results for a number of special cases are given. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Gamma-oxo carboxylic acids in heterocyclic synthesis, iii. synthesis of biologically active 4-benzylamino-6-(5,5-dioxodibenzothiophen-2-yl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridazin-3-ones
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF); Arief, MMH (Arief, MMH); Amine, MS (Amine, MS); Donia, SG (Donia, SG); Aly, AA (Aly, AA)
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alpha-Benzylamino-beta-(5,5-dioxodibenzothiophen-2-carbonyl)propionic acid (1) has been synthesized by treating the corresponding beta-aroylacrylic acid with benzylamine in dry benzene. On treatment with hydrazine hydrate the keto acid I furnishes the corresponding pyridazinone derivative 2. The behaviour of 2 towards carbon electrophiles, namely, ethyl chloroacetate, acrylonitrile, formaldehyde and secondary amines (under Mannich reaction conditions), aromatic aldehydes and carbon nucleophiles, namely, POCl3/PCl3 and P2S5 has been investigated. The 3-chloropyridazine derivative 13 reacts with hydrazine hydrate to give the 3-hydrazino derivative 14. On treatment with ethyl acetoacetate and/or acetylacetone the hydrazine 14 undergoes cyclization to afford pyrazolone derivative 16 and 3-(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridazine derivative 17, respectively. On reaction with acetylhydrazine in boiling butanol and/or sodium azide in DMF the 3-chloropyridazine derivative 13 affords the triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine 18 and the tetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazine 19, respectively. The anti-microbial activity of the synthesized derivatives has been investigated.

Title: Some analytical solutions for groundwater flow and transport equation
Authors: Saied, EA (Saied, EA); Khalifa, ME (Khalifa, ME)
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This paper presents the use of symmetry reduction method resulting in new exact solutions for the groundwater flow and transport equation. It is assumed that the radionuclides are transported by advection-diffusion in a single fracture and diffusion in the surrounding rock-matrix. The application of one-parameter group reduces the number of independent variables, and consequently the governing PDE of (1 + 2)-dimension reduces to set of ODEs which are solved analytically. This enables us to present some new exact time-dependent solutions of the advection-diffusion equation.

Title: F-2(+) defect based model for tunable laser activity and interaction of atomic halogens (f, cl and br) at the low coordinated surfaces of lih: a initio calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, AS)
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The twofold potential of F-2(+) color center at the low coordinated surfaces of LiH in providing tunable laser activity and adsorption properties for atomic halogens is examined using ab initio calculations. Based on Stokes shifts of the examined clusters, the F-2(+) laser activity was very weak, but increases significantly as the coordination number decreases from 5 (flat) to 4 (edge) to 3 (H(-)corner). The corner site is the least probable for relaxed excited state orientational destruction of F-2(+). The exciton (energy) transfer takes place from the corner to the flat or edge sites. The Glasner-Tompkins relation is generalized to include the low coordinated surfaces of LiH. The F-2(+) color center change the nature of halogen-surface interaction from physical adsorption to chemical adsorption. The halogen-surface interactions were monotonically increasing functions of the electronegativity of the halogen and the amount of charge transferred between the halogen and the surface. The "covalent spin pairing" mechanism play the dominant role in the course of adsorbate-substrate interactions. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Simple and selective spectrophotometric determination of ruthenium after solid phase extraction with some quinoxaline dyes into microcrystalline p-dichlorobenzene
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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A simple selective and highly sensitive extraction method has been developed for the determination of ruthenium spectrophotometrically after extraction of its 2,3-dichloro-6-(3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)quinoxaline (I), 2,3-dichloro-6-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrophenylazo)quinoxaline (II) and 2,3-dichloro-6-(2,7-dihydroxy-naphthylazo)quinoxaline (III) complexes into microcrystalline p-dichlorobenzene. The optimization of experimental conditions for the procedure is studied. The solid p-dichlorobenzene containing the ruthenium-reagent (I-III) complexes is separated by filtration and dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide. The absorbance is measured at lambda(max) 622, 518 and 542 nm against reagents I, II and III, respectively, as blank. Beer's law is obeyed upto 2.5 mug ml(-1) of ruthenium. The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits are calculated, when compared with those parameters without using solid phase extraction method. The interference of various ions has been studied in detail and the statistical evaluation of the experimental results is reported. The proposed methods have been successfully applied for the determination of trace amount of ruthenium in seawater, ore and metallurgy products. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.

Title: Charge transfer complexes of some anilides with nitrobenzene derivatives as pi-electron acceptors
Authors: El-Mossalamy, EHH (El-Mossalamy, EHH); Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Khalil, AA (Khalil, AA)
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The charge transfer complexes formed between some anilides and pi-electron acceptors [picric acid, 2,4-dinitrophenol, 3,5-dinitrobenzoic aicd, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid and m-dinitrobenzene] are synthesized and characterized. Spectral characteristics and stability of the complexes are investigated and discussed in terms of donor molecular structure, pi- acceptor electron affinity, and solvent polarity. It is deduced that the complexes are mainly of the n-pi* and pi-pi* type where the ground state wave function can be described primarily by the non-bonding structure. The optimum conditions favouring the formation of the coloured complexes are extensively studied for the micro determina-tion of anilides derivatives in pharmaceutical drugs using nitrobenzene as acceptor; the moleculor structure was found to be 1: 1 (D : A). Beer's law is obeyed up to 23.0, 18.60 and 16.0 mug ml(-1) for p(OH), p-(OCH3)(2) and p-N(CH3)(2), respectively.

Title: Polymerization of lanthanide acrylonitrile complexes
Authors: El-Mossalamy, ESH (El-Mossalamy, ESH); Khalil, AA (Khalil, AA)
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The molecular complexes of some lanthanides scandium (Sc3+), yttrium (Y3+), lanthanum (La3+), gadolinium (Gd3+), cerium (Ce3+) and ytterbium. (Yb-3) have been studies in dimethyl formamide (DMF) spectrophtometrically equilibrium constants (K), molar extintion coefficient (epsilon), energy of transition (E) and free energy (DeltaG*) were calculated. The polymerization of acrylonitrile has been studied and investigated in the presence of Sc3+, Y3+, La3+, Gd3+, Ce3+, and Yb3+ ions. The IR spectra of the formed AN-M (III) Br-3 polymer complexes show the absence of the C=N band and the presence of two new bands corresponding to NH2 and OH groups. Magnetic moment values and the thermal stabilities of homopolymer and the polymer complexes were studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis and the activation energies for degradation were calculated.

Title: Determination of tin(iv in alloys and in canned food by visible spectrophotometric technique using pyrimidine azo compounds in presence of mixed surfactants
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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The complex of tin(IV) with 5-(4'-nitro-2',6'-dichlorophenylazo) (I) and 5-(4'- chlorophenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (II) in the presence of nonyl phenoxy polyethoxyethanol (NPE) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) has a sensitive absorption band with lambda(max) 517 and 488 nm, respectively, Under the optimal conditions, Beer-Lambert law is obeyed over the range 0.05-1.50 and 0.05-1.30 mug ml(-1) Sn(IV) with molar absorptivity being 9.50 x 10(4) and 1.05 x 10(5) L mol(-1) cm(-1) using ligand I and II, respectively. As compared with the visible methods which uses bromopyrogallol red (BPR) as the chromogenic reagent (lambda(max) = 550 nm) and that using phenylfluorone = 360 nm), our method is highly sensitive and selective because the complexes have a high and sharp absorption band. In addition, the present method is simple and rapid, no heating or standing time is needed. By means of the mixed surfactants, the precipitation caused by the ion association of cetyltrimethylammoniurn cation and I-3(-) anion is avoided if iodide is used for separating micro amounts of tin(IV) from a sample matrix. An application of the proposed method to the determination of tin(IV) in a variety of alloys and in a canned food was made with satisfactory results.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of piroxicam and tenoxicam in pharmaceutical formulations using alizarin
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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New spectrophotometric procedures have been established for the quantitation of piroxicam and tenoxicam. The procedures are based on the reaction between the examined drug and alizarin (I), alizarin red S (II), alizarin yellow G (III) or quinalizarin (IV) producing ion-pair complexes which can be measured at the optimum wavelength. The optimization of the reaction conditions is investigated. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 0.05-2.40 mug ml(-1), whereas optimum concentration as adopted from Ringbom plots was 0.12-2.25 mug ml(-1). The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits are also calculated. The correlation coefficient was greater than or equal to 0.9990 (n = 10) with a relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of less than or equal to 1.2, for ten determinations of 1.0 mug ml(-1). The methods are successfully applied to the determination of piroxicam and tenoxicam in their pharmaceutical formulations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: On total phi(0)-stability of nonlinear systems of differential equations
Authors: Soliman, AA (Soliman, AA)
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The notions of phi(0)-stability of systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) were introduced. In this paper, we will extend the phi(0)-stability notion to a new type of stability called total phi(0)-stability, and give some criteria and results. Our technique depends on Liapunov's direct method. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties of titania-silica catalysts
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM); Salama, TM (Salama, TM); Yamaguchi, T (Yamaguchi, T)
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The preparation of titania doped (0.63 - 3.2 mmol g(-1)) silica (TiO2/SiO2) was described together with a mixed oxide sample (TiO2-SiO2) at a nominal molar ratio near to 1. These materials were thoroughly characterized by XRD, N-2 adsorption at 76 K and ammonia adsorption measurements as well as FTIR spectroscopy. The activity of the materials towards 1-butene isomerization was also tested. FTIR results showed a band at 612 cm(-1) attributed to bulk TiO2 phase, in the doped 3.2 mmol g(-1) TiO2/SiO2 Sample, that was paralleled to an exhibited perturbation for the SiO2 bands in the low frequency region, specifically those at 470 and 808 cm(-1). The former band was similarly obtained in the TiO2-SiO2 sample, with a lower decrease in intensity, together with the appearance of a new band at 948 cm(-1) attributed to Ti-O-Si linkages. This deed indicated the decrease in population of Ti-O-Ti bridges in the mixed oxide sample. FTIR spectra of adsorbed D2O established the presence of different types of titania hydroxyl groups (3615 and 3520 cm(-1)) that were composed during desorption of water from the titania surface. The activity towards 1-butene isomeriztion was found to increase gradually, in the doped samples, to achieve its maximum at the titania loading 3.2 mmol g(-1), however, a tremendous decrease was obtained for the mixed oxide sample. This behavior was correlated with the acidity of the samples. The dependence of the reaction on either Ti-O-Ti or Ti-O-Si sites was evaluated and discussed. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.

Title: F-a(i): au+ and f-a(ii): cu+ laser activity and photographic sensitization at the low coordinated surfaces of agbr ab initio calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, AS)
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The twofold potentials of F-A(I):Au+ and F-A(II)Cu+ color centers at the low coordinated surfaces of AgBr thin films in providing tunable laser activity and photographic sensitization were investigated using ab initio methods of molecular electronic structure calculations. Clusters of variable size were embedded in simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximated the Madelung fields of the host surfaces, and the nearest neighbor ions to the F-A defect site were allowed to relax to equilibrium in each case. Based on the calculated Stokes shifted optical transition bands and horizontal shifts along the configuration coordinate diagrams, both F-A(I):Au+ and F-A(II):Cu+ color centers were found to be laser active. The laser activity faded quickly as the bromide ion coordination decreased from 5 (flat) to 4 (edge) to 3 (corner) and as the size of the impurity cation increased from Cu+ to Au+. The latter relation was explainable in terms of the axial perturbation of the impurity cation. The smallest calculated Stokes-shift at the corner surface strength as absorption. All relaxed excited states RESs of the defect containing surfaces were deep below the lower edges of the conduction bands of the defect free ground state surfaces, indicating that F-A(I):Au+ and F-A(II):Cu+ are suitable laser defects. The probability of orientational destruction of the two centers attributed to the assumed RES saddle point ion configurations along the axis was found to be directly proportional to the size of the impurity cation, with activation energy barriers of about 0.655-3.294 eV for Cu+. and about 1.887-3.404 eV for Au+. The possibility of exciton (energy) transfer front the sites of higher coordination to those of lower coordination is demonstrated. The more laser active F-A(II):Cu+ center was more easily formed than the less laser active F-A(I):Au+ center. The Glasner-Tompkins empirical relation was generalized to include F-A centers at the low coordinated surfaces of silver bromide thin film. As far as color photographic sensitization is concerned, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals of the selected dye molecules in the excited states were high enough for electron injection. F-A defect formation and rotational diffusion of silver clusters reduced the energy gaps between the excited dye molecules and the lower edges of the conduction bands and allowed for hole injection. About 54-60% of the reduction of silver ions at the flat surface of AgBr was attributed to the host anions and F-A defect formation, leaving about 40-46% for the reduction of photoelectrons as well as the electrons of the developer or dye molecules. The unrelaxed rotational diffusions of the central Ag-4 by 90degrees decreased the latter percentage, but were severely hindered by activation energy barriers. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Title: Integral methods for computing solutions of a class of singular two-point boundary value problems
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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In this paper, we establish three iteration methods to compute solutions for a class of (weakly) singular two-point boundary value problems (x(alpha)y')' = f (x, y), where x is an element of (0, 1) and alpha < 2. We obtain the sufficient conditions for existence of a unique solution on R. Finally, we given some numerical examples. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Some analysis of hadron-nucleon collisions at high energy inelastic interactions in photo-emulsion
Authors: Abd El-Halim, SM (Abd El-Halim, SM)
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The interaction of 400 GeV/c protons and 340 GeV/c pi(-) with nucleons in nuclear emulsion has been investigated. The interaction mean free paths (m.f.p.) and the corresponding reaction cross-sections (sigma(in)) have been found, the multiplicity distributions for the events with N-h = 0 (clean events) are measured and studied as well as the angular and pseudorapidity distributions. Finally the coherent multiparticle production cross-sections (sigma(coh)) were estimated and compared with other data, where it was found to be increasing slowly with increasing incident momentum for protons while it increases rapidly with increasing pi(-)-momentum.

Title: Spectral studies and molecular orbital ppp-calculations of some azo-dyes
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, AS); Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, HA); Issa, YM (Issa, YM); Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, IS)
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The UV, IR and H-1-NMR spectra of some 4-(R-phenyl azo) 1-hydroxy 2-naphthoic acid derivatives are studied. The effects of substituent groups and the solvent polarity on electronic spectral, IR bands and H-1-NMR proton chemical shifts are considered, the molecular orbital calculations obtained are rationalized quantitatively with that obtained practically using the PPP-model with configuration interaction (CI). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Facile colorimetric methods for the quantitative determination of tetramisole hydrochloride
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, HA)
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A facile, rapid and sensitive methods for the determination of tetramisole hydrochloride in pure and in dosage forms are described. The procedures are based on the formation of coloured products with the chromogenic reagents alizarin blue BB (I), alizarin red S (II), alizarin violet 3R (III) and alizarin yellow G (IV). The coloured products showed absorption maxima at 605, 468, 631 and 388 nm for I-IV, respectively. The colours obtained were stable for 24 h. The colour system obeyed Beer's law in the concentration range 1.0-36, 0.8-32, 1.2-42 and 0.8-30 mug ml(-1), respectively. The results obtained showed good recoveries with relative standard deviations of 1.27, 0.96, 1.13 and 1.35%, respectively. The detection and determination limits were found to be 1.0 and 3.8, 1.2 and 4.2, 1.0 and 3.9 and finally 1.4 and 4.8 ng ml(-1) for I-IV complexes, respectively. Applications of the method to representative pharmaceutical formulations are represented and the validity assessed by applying the standard addition technique, which is comparable with that obtained using the official method. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Electrical conduction in bi2o3-b2o3 glassy systems
Authors: El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, MG); El-Batal, FH (El-Batal, FH)
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Five glasses of (Bi2O3)(x)-(B2O3)(I-x), x=0.06-0.26, have been prepared by melting in an open crucible. The density, thermal analysis and FT-IR spectra were measured. The softening temperature decreased with the bismuth oxide content in the sample. The x-ray diffraction confirmed the amorphous nature for the prepared samples. The molar volume was found to increase with Bi2O3 content in the glass matrix. The temperature dependence for the electrical conductivity sigma, dielectric constant epsilon' and dielectric loss epsilon" for these glasses were studied over a, temperature range from room temperature to 750 K and frequency from dc to 10(6) Hz. The mechanism of conduction was found to change with the temperature range of measurements. The electrical conductivity values increased with increasing mol % Bi2O3. The ac conductivity increased with frequency according to sigma(ac)(omega)=Aomega(s), where sigma has a value in the range 0.1-0.4 depending on the temperature and composition of the sample. The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant epsilon' showed that at relatively lower temperatures the electric dipoles formed in the glasses are frozen and starting to rotate at the softening temperature of the glass. Each of epsilon' and epsilon' was found to be dependent on the glass composition. The dielectric behaviour could be described according to the Debye-model for all results have been discussed and correlated together.

Title: Influence of radiation on cation exchange reactions and electrical conductivity behavior of h-mordenites
Authors: Omran, ZA (Omran, ZA)
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Gamma- irradiation effect on the kinetic parameters of the cation exchange reactions of Fe2+, Co2+ and Ni2+ ions on H- Mordenite has been studied. Kinetic analysis of the results according to the various theoretical models showed that the best fir of data is obtained of both non- irradiated and irradiated H- Mordenite with low doses from 2.2(.)10(6) to 4.6(.)10(6) Gy with three- dimensional diffusion controlled reaction (D-3), while the best fit is obtained for the 2- dimensional diffusion controlled reactions (D-2) by increasing the radiation dose to 5.5 (.)10(6) Gy. These investigations have shown that the possible reason for such behavior have been analyzed on the basis of gamma- irradiation may be caused desorption of the adsorbed ionic species.

Title: F+ tunable laser activity and interaction of atomic halogens (f, cl and br) at the low coordinated surface sites of sro - ab initio and dft calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, AS)
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The twofold potential of F+ color centers at the low coordinated surfaces of SrO for providing tunable laser activity and adsorption properties for atomic halogens (F, Cl and Br) has been investigated using ab initio electronic structure calculations. SrO clusters of variable sizes were embedded in simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces and the nearest neighbor ions to F+ were allowed to relax to equilibrium. Based on Stokes shifted optical transition bands and horizontal shifts along the configuration coordinate diagrams, the F+ laser activity was found to decrease as the coordination number of the surface ions decreases from 5 (flat) to 4 (edge) to 3 (corner). An attempt has been made to explain this result in terms of Madelung potentials and optical-optical conversion efficiencies. All relaxed excited states are deep below the conduction bands of the perfect ground states, implying that F+ is a laser-suitable defect. The most laser active flat surface is the least probable for relaxed excited state orientational destruction of F+. The excited state at the edge has the highest energy, implying exciton (energy) transfer to the flat and edge sites. F+ relaxation and defect-formation energies increase with increasing surface coordination number. The Glasner-Tompkins relation between the fundamental optical absorption of F+ in solids and the fundamental absorption of the host crystals can be generalized to include the low coordinated surfaces of SrO. The F+ color center changes the nature of halogen-surface interaction (adsorption energies) from physical adsorption to chemical adsorption. The halogen-surface interactions increase with increasing electronegativity of the halogen. The calculated adsorption energies can be explained in terms of surface electrostatic potentials, and the covalent spin pairing mechanism plays a dominant role in determining adsorbate-substrate interactions.

Title: Exact solution of the particle-cluster dynamic equation
Authors: Abd El-Rahman, RG (Abd El-Rahman, RG)
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The symmetry reduction of the master equation of a one-dimensional lattice-gas model with order preservation where the occupation probabilities of sites corresponding to Bose statistics as a consequence of the prescribed dynamics is studied. Some exact solutions are found. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Electrical conduction and dielectric properties of vanadium phosphate glasses doped with lithium
Authors: Salman, FE (Salman, FE); Shash, NH (Shash, NH); Abou El-Haded, H (Abou El-Haded, H); El-Mansy, MK (El-Mansy, MK)
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AC conductivity and dielectric studies on vanadium phosphate glasses doped with lithium have been carried out in the frequency range 0.2-100 kHz and temperature range 290-493 K. The frequency dependence of the conductivity at higher frequencies in glasses obeys a power relationship, sigma(ac) = Aomega(s). The obtained values of the power s lie in the range 0.5 less than or equal to s less than or equal to 1 for both undoped and doped with low lithium content which confirms the electron hopping between V4+ and V5+ ions. For doped glasses with high lithium content, the values of s less than or equal to 0.5 which confirm the domination of ionic conductivity. The study of frequency dependence of both dielectric constant and dielectric loss showed a decrease with increasing frequency while they increase with increasing temperature. The results have been explained on the basis of frequency assistance of electron hopping besides the ionic polarization of the glasses. The bulk conductivity increases with increasing temperature whereas decreases with increasing lithium content which means a reduction of the V5+. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

Title: Thermal stresses in a rotating non-homogeneous orthotropic hollow cylinder
Authors: El-Naggar, AM (El-Naggar, AM); Abd-Alla, AM (Abd-Alla, AM); Fahmy, MA (Fahmy, MA); Ahmed, SM (Ahmed, SM)
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In this paper the radial deformation and the corresponding stresses in a non-homogeneous hollow elastic cylinder rotating about its axis with a constant angular velocity is investigated. The material of the cylinder is assumed to the non-homogeneous and cylindrically orthotropic. The system of fundamental equations is solved by means of a finite difference method and the numerical calculations are carried out for the temperature, the components of displacement and the components of stress with the time t and through the thickness of the cylinder. The results indicate that the effect of inhomogeneity is very pronounced.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of phenylephrine hc1 and orphenadrine citrate in pure and in dosage forms
Authors: Shama, SA (Shama, SA)
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A simple and rapid spectrophotometric methods have been estimated for the microdetermination of phenylephrine HCl (I) and orphenadrine citrate (II). The proposed methods are based on the formation of ion-pair complexes between the examined drugs with alizarine (Aliz), alizarine red S (ARS), alizarine yellow G (AYG) or quinalizarine (Qaliz), which can be measured at the Optimum lambda(max). The optimization of the reaction conditions is investigated. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 2-36 mug ml(-1), whereas optimum concentration as adopted from Ringbom plots was 3.5-33 mug ml(-1). The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, and detection limit are also calculated. The correlation coefficient was greater than or equal to0.9988 (n = 6) with a relative standard deviation of less than or equal to1.7, for six determinations of 20 mug ml(-1). The proposed methods are successfully applied to the determination of drugs I and II in their dosage forms using the standard addition technique. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Colorimetric determination of beta-blockers in pharmaceutical formulations
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Ragab, GH (Ragab, GH); Saleh, H (Saleh, H)
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A simple, accurate, precise and sensitive colorimetric method for the determination of some beta-blockers as atenolol (Ateno), metoprolol (Metop), sotalol (Sot) and nadolol (Nad) is described. This method is based on the formation of charge transfer complex with 4-chloro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-Cl) in methanolic-aqueous (for Ateno and Metop) or acetone-aqueous (for Sot and Nad) medium [30% (v/v)]. The orange color products are measured at 485, 470, 465 and 462 nm for Ateno, Metop, Sot and Nad, respectively. The optimization of various experimental conditions is described. Beer's law is obeyed in the range 0.4-60 mug ml(-1) while that obtained applying Ringbom is 0.8-56 mug ml-1. The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits are calculated. The results obtained showed good recoveries of 99.5+/-1.1, 100.3+/-1.2, 100.5+/-1.0 and 99.3+/-1.1% with relative standard deviations of 0.74, 0.98, 1.15 and 0.87% for Ateno, Metop, Sot and Nad, respectively. Applications of the proposed method to representative pharmaceutical formulations are successfully presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Parametrically excited non-linear systems: a comparison of two methods
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, AF)
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Subharmonic resonance of two-degree-of-freedom systems with cubic non-linearities to multifrequency parametric excitations in the presence of three-to-one internal resonance is investigated. Two approximate methods (the multiple scales and the generalized synchronization) are used to construct first-order non-linear ordinary differential equations governing the modulation of the amplitudes and phases. Steady-state solutions and their stability are computed for selected values of the system parameters. The results obtained by the two methods are in excellent agreement. Numerical solutions are carried out and graphical representations of the results are presented and discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: On stability of perturbed impulsive differential systems
Authors: Soliman, AA (Soliman, AA)
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The notion of Lipschitz stability of impulsive systems of differential equations (DEs) was introduced. In this paper, we will extend the notion of eventual stability to impulsive systems of DEs and extend the notion of Lipschitz stability of impulsive systems of DEs to a new type of stability called eventual Lipschitz stability. Some criteria and results are given. Our technique depends on Liapunov's direct method and comparison principle. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Estimation of the au excited fragments in the au plus em interactions at 10.6 a gev using glauber plus quantum molecular dynamics model
Authors: Abdel-Waged, K (Abdel-Waged, K)
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We present a simple method to estimate the distribution of mass, charge and excitation energy of the Au residual nuclei in Au (10.6 A GeV) + Em, in the framework of Glauber plus quantum molecular dynamics model. We apply it to the analysis of fragment correlations of Au as a function of bound charge. This method gives an opportunity to accurately estimate such correlations without any adjustments.

Title: Singular self-adjoint boundary conditions for products of sturm-liouville differential operators
Authors: Ibrahim, SES (Ibrahim, SES)
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In this paper; the second-order symmetric Sturm-liouville differential expressions tau(1), tau(2),..., tau(n) with real coefficients are considered on the interval I = (a, b), - infinity less than or equal to a less than or equal to b greater than or equal to infinity. It is shown that the characterization of singular self-adjoint boundary conditions involves the sesquilinear form associated with the product of Sturm-Liouville differential expressions and elements of the maximal domain of the product operators, and it is an exact parallel of the regular case. This characterization is an extension of those obtained in [6], [8], [11], [12], [14] and [15].

Title: On phi(0)-boundedness and -stability properties with perturbing liapunov functional
Authors: Soliman, AA (Soliman, AA)
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In this paper we will extend the perturbing Liapunov function method to systems of functional differential equations and discuss phi(0)-equiboundedness and phi(0)-equistability properties via the concept of perturbing Liapunov functional.

Title: On perturbing liapunov functional
Authors: Soliman, AA (Soliman, AA)
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Perturbing Liapunov function method was introduced for systems of ordinary differential equations. In this paper, we will extend this method to systems of functional differential equations and discuss stability and boundedness properties via the concept of perturbing Liapunov function. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Kinetic studies of some actinide ions exchange on al-13-phosphatoantimonic acid
Authors: Aly, HM (Aly, HM); Kamar, EM (Kamar, EM)
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The kinetics of exchange of thorium and uranyl ions on Al-13-phosphatoantimonic acid (Al-13-PAA) was studied in nitrate solution at pH 1. The investigations were carried out under particle diffusion mechanism and the limited batch technique. The effects of particle size, concentration, and temperature have been studied. The effective diffusion coefficient, activation energy, and entropy of activation have been evaluated. The exchange capacity was evaluated and found to be 0.9 and 0.7 meq g(-1) for uranyl and thorium ions respectively.

Title: Simple spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of uranium
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, EH)
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A selective, reproducible, and sensitive spectrophotometric method for uranyl determination was developed. The method is based on the selective complexation reaction of UO22+ ions with 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)phenol(l), -4-methoxyphenol (II), and -3-hydroxyphenol(III) in the presence of sodium lauryl sulphate. The potentiality of the prepared reagents as new chromogenic ones for the determination of UO22+ ions are studied by extensive investigations of the optimum conditions favoring the formation of the colored complexes. The of UO22+ method allows the determination, in the range of 0.05-1.60, 0.05-1.40, and 0.05-1.70 mug mL(-1) at lambda(max) 585, 608, and 599 nm using reagents I, II, and III, respectively. For more accurate results, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were found to be 0.10-1.60 mug mL(-1). The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection, and quantification limits are also evaluated. The interfering ions and their tolerance limits have been studied. The method was successfully applied to the determination of uranium from standard ores, geological samples, and synthetic matrices.

Title: Molecular charge transfer complexes of norfloxacin with nitrobenzenes
Authors: El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, EH)
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Charge Transfer molecular complexes of Norfloxacin-[1-eihyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(I-piperazinyl) 3-quinolone carboxylic acid] with m-dinitrobenzene, picric acid, 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid and 3,5 dinitrosalicylic acid have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis as well as different spectroscopic techniques. Spectral characteristics. and stability of the-complexes are investigated and discussed in terms of donor molecular structure, pi-acceptor electron affinity, and solvent polarity. It is deduced that the complexes are mainly of-the,n-pi* and pi-pi* types. Ionization potential of the donor was estimated from the CT transition energies of their complexes. The potentiality of the electron acceptors as new chromophoric reagents for the spectrophotometric determination of Norfloxacin was studied by extensive investigation of optimum conditions favouring the formation,of the colored complexes.

Title: Behavior of 1,5-dihydro-6-oxo-1,2,4-triazino [3,4-b] benzoisothiazole sulphur dioxide towards carbon electrophiles, chlorine nucleophiles and some studies with the products
Authors: Eissa, AMF (Eissa, AMF)
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The reaction of triazino benzo isothiazole sulphur dioxide with carbon electrophiles namely, alpha-cyanocinnamonitrile, alpha-ethoxycarbonyl cinnamonitrile, alpha-cyanocinnamamide, formaldehyde piperidine, and ethyl chloroacetate has been investigated. Also it reacted with chlorine nucleophile and gave the chloro derivative. Its behavior towards nitrogen nucleophiles namely, acylhydrazine, aminoacids, aminophenols, hydrazine hydrate, ammonium acetate and sodium azide has been discussed.

Title: Studies on quinazolines, part iv: fused mesoionic heterocycles from 3-amino-2-aryl-4(3 h)-quinazolinethiones
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF)
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The 3-amino-4(3H)-quinazolinethiones 2a-c react with phenyl isothiocyanate in DMF, giving N,N-disubstituted thioureas 3a-c. When 2a-c are treated with phenyl isothiocyanate in dry acetonitrile in the presence of triethylamine, the mesoionic compounds 4a-c are isolated. The methiodide 5a reacts with carbon nucleophiles such as malononitrile and/or ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of triethylamine to give the corresponding 1,2,4-triazoles 6a,b. On the other hand, compounds 2a-c react with CS2-K2CO3 combination to furnish 1,3,4-thiadiazolo[3,2-c]-4-quinazolinium-2-mercaptides 7a-c. Treatment of the methiodide 8a with malononitrile in the presence of potassium t-butoxide provides a mixture of 2-[2-(2-nitrophenyl)-3H-quinazolin-4-ylidene]malononitrile 9 (24%) and 2-amino-5-(2-nirophenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline-1-carbonitrile 10 (40%). The reaction between Schiff bases 11 derived from 2a and phenacyl bromide yields 2-benzoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazino[3,2-c]quinazolin-5-ium bromide derivatives 12a,b. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Title: Cationic and mesoionic 1,3-thiazolo-[3,2-c]quinazoline derivatives
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF)
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4-Allylthio-2-arylquinazolines 4a-c undergo cyclization by action of bromine to furnish 5-aryl-3-bromomethyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-c]qui-nazolin-4-ium bromides 5a-c. Compounds 5a-c undergo ring opening by action of water under acid catalysis to afford the corresponding dibromide derivatives 6a-c. Bromination of 3-allyl-2-aryl-4(3H)quinazolinethiones 7a-c leads to 5-aryl-2-bromomethyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-c]quinazolin-4-ium bromides 8a-c. However, anhydro-3-hydroxy-5-aryl-1,3-thiazolo[3,2-c]quinazolin-4-ium hydroxide 10a-c were prepared by the cyclodehydration of the corresponding thioglycolic acids 9a-c with Ac2O. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Title: Water quality of some wells in taiz city (yemen republic) and its surroundings
Authors: Metwali, RM (Metwali, RM)
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Bacteriological and physicochemical parameters were determined in water samples collected from fifty-one producing wells used for human consumption in Taiz City (Yemen Republic) and its surroundings. Most water samples, especially from private wells, contained a high concentration of total coliforms which greatly exceeded the permissible limits recommended by the World Health Organization in 1996. Fecal coliforms were found in the majority of polluted sampled waters (65 % of the total of wells examined).

Title: Simple synthesis of novel diphenylsulfapyrimidine acetates from chalcones and their antimicrobial activity
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF); Aly, AA (Aly, AA)
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Given the significant low yield (19-43 %) in reported results on the cyclocondensation of sulfaguanidine acetate with chalcones, a careful reinvestigation was carried out. A new series of chalcones, bearing electron-attracting groups in the aromatic moiety, have been used as precursors in the synthesis of diphenylsulfapyrimidine acetates with good yield. All synthesized compounds were active against G(+)- and G(-)-bacteria, and fungi. Combination of substituents (Cl, OMe, NO2, etc.) enhanced antimicrobial activity. Derivative with two NO2 groups exhibit; an activity comparable with sulfadiazine.

Title: Simple synthesis of some diphenylsulfapyrimidine acetates from chalcones and their antimicrobial activity
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF); Aly, AA (Aly, AA)
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Since a very low yield (19-43 %) in the reported results on the cyclocondensation of sulfaguanidine acetate with chalcones was given, a careful reinvestigation was carried out. New series of chalcones, bearing electron-attracting groups in the aromatic moiety, have been used as precursors in the synthesis of diphenylsulfapyrimidine acetates with good yield. The compounds were tested for their biological properties.

Title: Potentiometric and thermodynamic studies of azosulfonamide drugs. x
Authors: El-Bindary, AA (El-Bindary, AA); El-Sonbati, AZ (El-Sonbati, AZ); El-Mosalamy, EH (El-Mosalamy, EH); Ahmed, RM (Ahmed, RM)
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Dissociation constants of azosulfonamide derivatives of rhodanine have been determined potentiometrically in 0.1 M-KCl and 30 vol. % ethanol-water mixture. The data are discussed in terms of the electron nature of the substituents and of the change in temperature. The pK(1)(H) Values have been found to increase with increasing electron-donating nature of the substituents. The evaluated thermodynamic parameters (DeltaG, DeltaH, and DeltaS) indicated that the dissociation processes are not spontaneous, they are endothermic and entropically unfavourable.

Title: Stability criteria of impulsive differential systems
Authors:
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The notion of eventual stability has been recently discussed. We extend this notion to impulsive systems of differential equations. Our technique depends on Liapunov's direct method. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Modal interaction of resonantly forced oscillations of two-degree-of-freedom structure
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, AF)
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An analysis is presented for simultaneous primary resonances of two-degree-of-freedom system with quadratic and cubic nonlinearities to external excitations having the frequencies Omega(1) and Omega(2). The relations between the external frequencies of the system are such that they are excited into external resonances in two cases: the first case without internal resonances and the second case in the presence of different possibilities of internal resonances (one-to-one, two-to-one, three-to-one, one-to-two, and one-to-three). The method of multiple scales (MMS) is used to determine four first-order ordinary differential equations, which describe the modulation of the amplitudes and phases of both modes. In order to use the MMS properly, we introduce new detuning parameters of both modes. It is found analytically that two-mode responses can occur at each primary resonance. In all cases the steady-state solutions and their stability are determined. Numerical results depicting the resonances are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Ceria-modified zirconia and their effects on the molybdenum oxide dispersion
Authors: Omran, ZA (Omran, ZA); Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM)
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The CeO2-modified ZrO2 support was impregnated in an aqueous solution of ammonium heptamolybdate to achieve a loading of 8 wt.% Mo. This material (Mo/Zr(Ce)) was characterized, in comparison with Mo/Zr, by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR and UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy as well as low temperature N, adsorption and electrical conductivity measurements. The X-ray results showed that the particles size of MoO3 on Zr(Ce) (24.7 nm) was lower than those on ceria free Zr (36.7 nm). The IR results indicated that a strong interaction between Mo species and zirconia was recognized in the Mo/Zr(Ce) sample by the appearance of a new band at 858 cm(-1) attributed to a Mo-O-Zr linkage, which was not detected in the Mo/Zr sample. The UV-VIS spectra showed that both octahedral (291 nm) and tetrahedral (249 nm) Mo6+ were detected in the Mo/Zr sample where tetrahedral arrangement (246 nm) was only adopted for Mo6+ in the Mo/Zr(Ce) sample. The addition of either Cc or Mo to zirconia causes a marked increase in the specific surface area of the samples. The conductivity measurements showed that all samples exhibit a semiconducting behavior. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Consequences of a noncovariant description of slow and fast protons from p-c, c-c, and c-ta interactions at 3.3a gev
Authors: Abdel-Waged, K (Abdel-Waged, K)
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A comparison is made between a typical intranuclear cascade (INC) model and the experimental inclusive slow (T0.4 GeV) proton spectra in the p-C, C-C, and C-Ta in interactions at 3.3A GeV over a broad angular interval from 0degrees to 180degrees. It is found that the INC model reproduces rather well the inclusive slow and fast proton spectra, provided that the mean number of interacting protons (participants) in the corresponding angular interval does not exceed 2. The systematic discrepancies are identified and shown to correspond mainly to the noncovariant nature of the INC calculations.

Title: Fringes of equal tangential inclination by curvature-induced birefringence
Authors: Medhat, M (Medhat, M); Hendawy, NI (Hendawy, NI); Zaki, AA (Zaki, AA)
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A new kind of interference fringes, fringes of equal tangential inclination by curvature-induced birefringence, is presented. These are two-beam interference fringes produced by bending a thin sheet of birefringent material into a part of an exact cylinder such that the curvature is constant. Due to this curvature there is a uniform birefringence being induced. The change in birefringence induced by applying different radii of curvatures to a Fortepan sheet is measured. The stored (fixed) or natural birefringence of this sheet is deduced. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Electrical and chemical characteristics of nano-meter gold encapsulated in mesoporous and microporous channels and cages of fsm-16 and y zeolites
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM); Mekkawy, I (Mekkawy, I)
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The do and ac conductivities as well as the dielectric constant (epsilon') were measured for different zeolites encapsulated gold (AuCl3) samples at different temperatures (300-500 K) and various frequencies (5 kHz-1 MHz). The conductivity was found to change in the order Au/FSM-27 > Au/NaY > Au/FSM-47. Sorbed water contained inside zeolites assists greatly the proton mobility (zeolite protons) and the ion mobility (Na+ and Au+) and hence enhance the electric conduction in the temperature range 300-373 K. Raising the temperature over 373 K induces dehydration effect that assists the metallic gold formation and thus a dramatic loss in conductivity was revealed. The conduction mechanism was expected to be partially ionic and partially electronic. The IR study showed that the exposure of Au zeolites to CO gas produced a characteristic band of Au+-CO at 2180 cm(-1) that tends to decrease with temperatures and even vanishes at 376 K in favor of Au-0-CO at 2128 cm(-1). Similarly, a phase transition at 338 K, that occurs in the range 300-376 K, was confirmed by DTA to further emphasize the temperature regions of either Au+ cations (338 K) or Au-0 (376 K) formation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Fuzzy t-neighbourhood spaces. part 3: t-separation axioms
Authors: Hashem, KA (Hashem, KA); Morsi, NN (Morsi, NN)
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We address the problem of identifying a useful set of mutually compatible separation axioms for each category T-FNS of T-neighbourhood spaces. It should contain one of T-complete regularity that characterizes T-uniformizability, as indeed we achieve here. This seems to necessitate the parameterization of most separation axioms by the triangular norm T, with the exception of the two axioms T-0 and R-0, which have categorical definitions valid in any topological category. We introduce T-separation axioms in terms of T and fuzzy closure operators only; making them meaningful for the whole of FTS. We then characterize them within T-FNS in terms of T, fuzzy closures of crisp fuzzy subsets and T-neighbourhoods. We study our T-axioms and establish some entailments between, them. Our T-complete regularity commits us to investigate a "T-real line", which is a T-neighbourhood space induced by a certain probabilistic T-metric due to Hohle (Fuzzy Sets and Systems 1 (1978) 311). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: On initial and final fuzzy uniform structures
Authors: Bayoumi, F (Bayoumi, F)
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This paper is devoted to study the initial and final fuzzy uniform structures of the fuzzy uniform structure defined by the author and others in 1998. In this paper, we show that all initial and final lifts in the category FUN of these fuzzy uniform spaces and hence the initial and final fuzzy uniform structures exist. We introduce a characterization for the initial fuzzy uniform structures and as a special initial fuzzy uniform spaces the subspaces and product spaces of these fuzzy uniform spaces can be also characterized. We also show that the fuzzy topology (global homogeneous fuzzy neighborhood structure) associated to the initial fuzzy uniform structure of a family of fuzzy uniform structures coincides with the initial fuzzy topology (initial global homogeneous fuzzy neighborhood structure) of the family of fuzzy topologies (global homogeneous fuzzy neighborhood structures) associated to these fuzzy uniform structures. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Doping effect on the electrical properties of amorphous al2o3
Authors: El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, MG); Bayoumy, WAA (Bayoumy, WAA)
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Thermal and electrical properties for pure and doped amorphous Al2O3 (by 1% Fe3+, Ni2+, CO2+) have been investigated. All samples changed to gamma-Al2O3 after annealing at 1200 K for 3 h. Electrical conductivity a, dielectric constant epsilon' and dielectric loss epsilon" were studied between 78 and 400 K and over a frequency range of 0-10(6) Hz. An anomalous behavior in In sigma-T-1 relation is observed for all samples. or-value increases in the order: sigma(Co-doped) > sigma(Ni-doped) > sigma(Fe-doped) > sigma(pure). At lower temperatures, semimetallic behavior was observed; while at moderate temperatures semiconducting behavior predominates with an activation energy decreases with the addition of the doping ions. The ac-conductivity was found to obey the power relation sigma(omega) = Aomega(s). epsilon'-value increased in the order: epsilon'(Co-doped) > epsilon'(Ni-doped) > epsilon'(Fe-droped) > epsilon'(pure). Both epsilon' and epsilon" showed maximum values at temperatures which are not changed by measuring frequencies. These maxima Fe-doped pure are slightly shifted to lower temperatures by adding the doping ions. The results have been discussed on the basis of the formation of Al-O dangling bonds in each of the pure and the doped Al2O3. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Metal chelates of cerium(iii), thorium(iv), and dioxouranium(vi); complexes with some derivatives of aryl schiff bases
Authors: Moustafa, ME (Moustafa, ME)
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New Ce(III), Th(IV) and U(VI) complexes with the aryl Schiff bases 2-hydroxybenzylamine-2'-hydroxybenzylidene (HL1), -2'-hydroxynaphthylidene (HL2), -2'-hydroxy-5'-bromobenzylidene (HL1), -2'-hydroxy-5'-chlorobenzylidene (HL4), 2'-hydroxy-3',5'-dichlorobenzylidene (HL5) and 2'-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene (HL6) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental and thermal analyses, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, IR, H-1 NMR and electronic spectra. Elemental analyses along with conductometric titrations showed the formation of 1:1 and 1:2 (M:L) complexes while IR, molar conductance and H-1 NMR data proved that these ligands act as monobasic, tridentates for the 1: 1 and monobasic, bidentates for the 1:2 complexes with a coordination number of eight in both.

Title: Utility of oxidation-reduction reaction for the determination of ranitidine hydrochloride in pure form, in dosage forms and in the presence of its oxidative degradates
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, IS); Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, HA); Gouda, EA (Gouda, EA)
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Three simple, accurate and sensitive colorimetric methods (A, B and C) for the determination of ranitidine HCl (RHCl) in bulk sample, in dosage forms and in the presence of its oxidative degradates are described. The first method A is based on the oxidation of the drug by N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and determination of the unreacted NBS by measurement of the decrease in absorbance of amaranth dye (AM) at a suitable lambda(max) = 520 nm. The methods B and C involve the addition of excess Ce4+ and determination of the unreacted oxidant by decrease the red color of chromotrope 2R (C2R) at a suitable lambda(max) = 528 nm for method B or decrease the orange pink color of rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) at a suitable lambda(max) = 526 nm for method C. Regression analysis of Beer-Lambert plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges 0.2-3.6, 0.1-2.8 and 0.1-2.6 mug ml(-1) for methods A, B and C, respectively. The apparent molar absorptivity. Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantitation limits were calculated. For more accurate results, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were 0.3-3.4, 0.2-2.6 and 0.2-2.4 mug ml(-1) for methods A, B and C, respectively. Analyzing pure and dosage forms containing RHCl tested the validity of the proposed methods. The relative standard deviations were less than or equal to1.38 with recoveries 98.9-101.0%. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Ion-association method for the colorimetric determination of neomycin sulphate in pure and dosage forms
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Issa, YM (Issa, YM)
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A simple, fairly rapid, sensitive and accurate method is described for the colorimetric determination of neomycin sulphate (NMS), based on the measurement of the absorbance of the extracted organic soluble ion-association complex formed between neomycin dictation and a bulky counter anion. Different chromotropic acid azo dyes were examined as counter ions. The effect of pH, the counter ion concentration, sequence of addition and solvents for extraction were also illustrated. The most suitable system is based on reagent VIII (pH 7.5) with chloroform as the extraction solvent. The use of other counter ions, in conjunction with their respective solvents, was found to be less sensitive. The neomycin-reagent VIII system exhibits negligible or no interference when used for the determination of up to 5 8 mug ml(-1) of NMS in the presence of several drug excipiences. The method has been used for the determination of up to 58 mug ml(-1) with a good recovery (99.8 +/- 1.5%), and the precision is supported by the low relative standard deviation less than or equal to1.35%. The sensitivity is discussed and the results are compared with the official method. The proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of NMS in pure and dosage forms, with a good precision and accuracy compared to the official one. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis of novel quinazoline derivatives as antimicrobial agents
Authors: Aky, AA (Aky, AA)
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Quinazoline isothiocyanate 1 reacts with various nucleophiles (nitrogen nucleophiles, oxygen nucleophiles and sulphur nucleophiles) to afford heterocyclic systems 2-13. Also, the [ 4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 1 with phenyl isocyanate, benzylidene aryl amine and cinnamic acid derivatives gave novel heterocyclic compounds 14-16. Moreover, the reaction of 1 with active methylene compounds under Michael reaction conditions also was investigated. to yield 17 and 18 and it was found that all these reactions proceeded via isothiocyanate heterocyclization to furnish non-condensed heterocyclic compounds. Some of the newly synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activities.

Title: Utility of formazans and cetylpyridinium chloride in rapid spectrophotometric determination of zinc in biological materials and pharmaceutical formulations
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Issa, YM (Issa, YM)
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A facile, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of zinc is performed, based on complexation reaction between the metal ion and 1,5-diphenyl-3-acetylformazan (I) 1-(o-carboxyphenyl)-3-acetyl-5-acetylformazan (II), 1-(o-carboxyphenyl)-3-acetyl-5-phenylformazan (III), and 1-(o-carboxyphenyl)-3-acetyl-5-mtolylformazan (IV) in the presence of cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). The important analytical parameters and their effects on the reported system are investigated. Zinc reacts with the reagents (I-IV) and CPC in the ratio 1:1:2 (metal: reagent: CPC) in the pH range 8.5, 7.5, 5.5 and 6.5 to form a ternary complex with an absorption maximum 616, 656, 672 and 599 nm, respectively. The reaction was extremely rapid at room temperature, and the absorbance value remains unchanged for at least 1 week. The apparent stability constant of the complex were found to be 13.1 9.2, 11.4 and 12.3, and adheres to Beer's law for 0.05-3.50 mug per 10 ml of zinc. For more accurate analysis, Ringbom optimum concentration range was found from 0.08 to 3.20 mug per 10 ml of zinc. The apparent molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits are also calculated. Taking a constant concentration of metal ion and determining its concentration in the presence of large number of foreign ions tested the effect of foreign ions. The method was applied for determination of zinc in serum, human hair and pharmaceutical formulations, where excellent agreements between reported and obtained results were achieved. The relative standard deviation was better than 1.67%. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Solid-phase spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of vanadium using 2,3-dichloro-6(3-carboxy-2-hydroxynaphthylazo)quinoxaline
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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Solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) has been applied to analysis for trace amounts of vanadium in several environmental water (potable and polluted), biological samples (human blood and urine), and soil samples. Vanadium was sorbed in a styrene-divinylbenzene-type anion-exchanger Dowex 1-X8 as a vanadium-2,3-dichloro-6(3-carboxy-2-hydroxynaphthylazo)quinoxaline. Resin phase absorbances at 606 and 800 nm were measured directly which allowed the determination of vanadium in the range 0.03-2.2 ng ml(-1) with a relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of 1.4%. The comparison of the SPS method and the gallic acid persulphate method shows that the linearity, analytical sensitivity, and precision were better for the SPS method, and that the latter method has lower detection and quantification limits compared with the gallic acid persulphate method. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Comparison of the structural properties of isomorphously substituted fe in mordenite zeolites prepared by different methods
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM); Gomaa, NS (Gomaa, NS); El-Moselhy, M (El-Moselhy, M); Eissa, NA (Eissa, NA)
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Fe was introduced in mordenite zeolite by means of ion exchange either in solid or in liquid state. The iron loading (50-200 wt%), iron precursor (FeSO4.7H(2)O and FeCl3), and mordenite starting material (NH4M, HM, and NaM) were varied during the exchange processes. The Fe species were characterized by N-2 adsorption measurements as well as by XRD and Mossbauer spectroscopies. The Fe-mordenite samples prepared by liquid-state ion exchange attained remarkable Fe dispersion and surface areas higher than those of the parent. It was found that Fe3+ ions, which substituted the framework Al and accordingly occupied tetrahedral sites, were decreased with Fe loadings with concomitant increase in Fe3+-occupied octahedral sites. The latter sites disappeared at 20 K to provoke the superparamagnetic alpha-Fe2O3 in different particles size. The acid leaching (0.1 M HCl, 333 K, 3 h) of the samples showed the disappearance of the most highly distorted extra-framework Fe3+ species, providing an indication of their presence on the external surface. On the other hand, a hematite phase was detected in the solid-state ion exchange of FeCl3 with either HM or NH4M at the loading of 100% Fe. More correlations between Mossbauer data on one hand and XRD and texturing properties on the other hand were evaluated and discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Title: A comparison of adomian's decomposition method and wavelet-galerkin method for solving integro-differential equations
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); Abdel-Aziz, MR (Abdel-Aziz, MR)
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This paper aims to introduce a comparison of Adomian decomposition method and wavelet-Galerkin method for the solution of integro-differential equations. From the computational viewpoint, the comparison shows that the Adomian decomposition method is efficient and easy to use. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Inc.

Title: Conductometric and indirect aas determination of antimalarials
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Issa, YM (Issa, YM)
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Two methods are described for the determination of amodiaquine hydrochloride, chloroquine phosphate and primaquine phosphate, based on the formation of their ion-associates with [Cd2+, Co2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+] thiocyanate, ammonium reineckate and/or sodium cobaltinitrite. The molar combining ratio reveal that (1:1) (drug:reagent) ion associates are formed for all reagents except for ammonium reineckate which form (1:2) ion associates with all studied drugs. The optimum conditions for the ion-association have been studied. Conductometric method was applied for the direct determination of the suggested drugs in bulk powders, whereas indirect atomic absorption spectrometric method, depending on the measurement of the excess metal ion present in supernatant solutions after precipitation of the ion associates is used to calculate the drug concentration. Optimum concentration ranges for the determination of aminoquinoline antimalarial drugs under consideration were 0.46-12.90 and 0.155-3.87 mg using conductometric and indirect atomic absorption spectral methods, respectively. The proposed procedures have been applied successfully to the analysis of these drugs in certain formulations and the results are favourably comparable to the official methods. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: On a generalized fifth order kdv equations
Authors: Kaya, D (Kaya, D); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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In this Letter, we dealt with finding the solutions of a generalized fifth order KdV equation (for short, gfKdV) by using the Adomian decomposition method (for short, ADM). We prove the convergence of ADM applied to the gfKdV equation. Then we obtain the exact solitary-wave solutions and numerical solutions of the gfKdV equation for the initial conditions. The numerical solutions are compared with the known analytical solutions. Their remarkable accuracy are finally demonstrated for the gfKdV equation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved.

Title: Two-to-one internal resonances in nonlinear two degree of freedom system with parametric and external excitations
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, AF); Kamel, MM (Kamel, MM); Abdel-Khalik, A (Abdel-Khalik, A)
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A system of two degrees of freedom with quadratic and cubic nonlinearities and subjected to parametric and external excitations is studied and solved. The method of multiple scale perturbation technique (MSPT) is used to analyze the response of this system. Four ordinary differential equations are derived to describe the modulation of the amplitudes and phases of the two modes of vibrations for the principal parametric resonances. The steady-state solutions and their stability are determined and representative numerical results are included. The theoretical resonance cases of this system have been obtained from the first approximation differential equations and some of them are confirmed by applying well-known numerical technique. The stability of the obtained numerical solution is studied using phase-plane method. The effects of different parameters on the vibration of this system are investigated. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. on behalf of IMACS.

Title: Electrical conduction and dielectric properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)/perylene solar concentrators
Authors: El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, MG); Mansour, AF (Mansour, AF); El-Bashir, SM (El-Bashir, SM); El-Mansy, MK (El-Mansy, MK); Hammam, M (Hammam, M)
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Poly(methyl methacrylate) doped with fluorescent perylene dye was prepared by both radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate and solvent casting from polymer solutions. The samples were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electrical conductivity, and dielectric properties. Both conductivity and dielectric properties were measured in the temperature range 303-433 K and the frequency range 10(3) to 5 x 10(6) Hz. The results show that the direct-current electrical conductivity increased by increasing dye content in solvent-cast samples, whereas it decreased radically polymerized samples. The results of alternating-current conductivity suggest electron hopping between filled and empty localized states. The study of dielectric properties showed two relaxation peaks corresponding to the dipole segmental and dipole group losses. Explanations based on the polymer free.,volume and acid-base interactions were proposed to examine the influence of the sample preparation and perylene dye concentration on the glass-transition temperature and dielectric relaxation of the samples. The obtained results recommend the thermal and molecular stability of luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) matrices prepared by radical polymerization over those prepared by solvent casting. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Title: Spectrophotometric methods for the determination of anti-emetic drugs in bulk and in pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Ragab, GH (Ragab, GH)
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Four rapid, simple, reproducible and sensitive methods (A - D) for assaying domperidone (1) and metoclopramide (11) in a bulk sample and in dosage forms were investigated. The first and second methods, A and B, are based on the oxidation of I and/or II by Fe3+ in the presence of o-phenanthroline (o-phen) or bipyridyl (bipy). The formation of tris-complex upon reactions with Fe3+-o-phen and/or Fe3+-bipy mixture in an acetate buffer solution of the optimum pH-values was demonstrated. Methods C and D involve the addition of excess Ce4+ and the determination of unreacted oxidant by a decrease of the red color of chromotrope 2R (C2R) at a suitable lambda(max) of 528 nm for method C, or a decrease in the orange pink color of Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) at a suitable lambda(max) value of 525 nm for method D. A regression analysis of Beer-Lambert plots showed a good correlation in the concentration range of 0.2 - 5.8 mug ml(-1). The apparent molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits were calculated. For a more accurate analysis, the Ringbom optimum concentration ranges are 0.35 - 5.6 mug ml(-1). The developed methods were successfully applied to the determination of domperidone and metoclopramide in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations without any interference from common excipients.

Title: Interpretation of the neutron double-differential cross sections in the interactions of p+al, fe, and zr at 1.2 gev using the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model
Authors: Abdel-Waged, K (Abdel-Waged, K)
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The ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model is incorporated with a statistical decay model aiming to describe the neutron double global-differential cross sections of p+Al, Fe, and Zr at 1.2 GeV. Good agreement is generally obtained with the default UrQMD parameters. In particular, the UrQMD calculation with a momentum dependent Pauli potential improves the intensity of the quasielastic peak in neutron double-differential cross sections. The lower and higher energy parts of the neutron spectra at backward angles are found to be sensitive to meson-meson and meson-baryon interactions. The influence of sequential evaporation and simultaneous multifragmentation disintegration mechanisms on the neutron spectra is also investigated. It is shown that the statistical multifragmentation model is more suited for the description of the lower part of the neutron energy spectra.

Title: Pitting corrosion of nickel alloys and its inhibition by some dihydrazide derivatives
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M); Megahed, HE (Megahed, HE); Elnager, MM (Elnager, MM); Mabrouk, EM (Mabrouk, EM); Radwan, D (Radwan, D)
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Pitting corrosion of nickel and its alloys (Inconel 600 and Incoloy 800) in 0.1 M H2SO4 solution containing of NaCl was studied using cyclic voltammetry and potentiodynamic anodic polarization techniques. The integrated charge amounts Deltaq(a) in presence of Cl- ions was taken as a measure of pitting corrosion. The pitting potential was varied with Cl- ion concentrations according to an S-shaped curves. Addition of dihydrazide derivatives of malonic, succinic and adipic acid caused a shift of pitting potential in the noble direction accounting for increased resistance to pitting attack.

Title: Potentiality and thermodynamic studies on indazol schiff bases with some metal ions
Authors: El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, EH); Al-Thabaiti, SA (Al-Thabaiti, SA)
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The thermodynamic metal-ligand stability constants of Be2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+ with P-methoxy salicyldehydineazo methin (I), 2,4-dihydroxy salicyldin isomethin indazole (H) and 3,5-dichlorosalicyldine azomethin indazole (III) Schiff bases in 50% dioxane-water media at 293 K, 308 K and 383 K have been determined. The effect of the ligands, central metal ions, ratio of the charge and radius, atomic number of the atoms and the order of the stability constants is discussed The stability constants of the alkali earth metal follow the order Be2+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > Sr2+ > Ba2+ with all the substituted Indazol Schiff bases.

Title: Catalytic properties of fe ion-exchanged mordenite toward the ethanol transformation: influence of the methods of preparation
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM)
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The transformation of ethanol on Fe ion-exchanged mordenite was compared in the temperature range of 200-400degreesC for samples prepared in the solution and solid states. Ethane and methane were found as rather major products, compared to acetaldehyde and acetone. Diethyl ether was also detected as a dehydration product. The conversion was found to increase monotonically (to 96%) with increasing the Fe content (to 100%) and reaction temperature to 400degreesC. The selectivity towards acetaldehyde and acetone was found maximum at the temperature 300degreesC. Decrease in the catalyst Bronsted acidity due to ion-exchange in solution caused a marked increase in the selectivity toward acetaldehyde at 300degreesC. At variance, Fe ion-exchanged in the solid state resulted in a higher Bronsted acidity catalyst of higher selectivity to acetone. The solid state exchanged catalyst formed more coke at 400degreesC. The higher zeolite acidity catalyzes the ethane propagation into the coke precursors. The extraordinary formation of ethane as a dominant transformation product (in the absence of H-2 gas supply) is explained mainly to the O-abstracting affinity of the Fe3+ ion. Methane may be formed as a result of decomposition reaction at high temperatures. Mossbauer and XRD were applied for characterizing different Fe species involved as active sites in the reaction. Coke deposited on the catalysts was measured by TGA. Other helpful information was obtained from BET of N-2-adsorption and FT-IR of NH3-adsorption. Fair correlation between the active sites responsible for formation of the various products and the zeolite acidity is discussed along with a possible role for the surface area and pore structure in the reaction activity and selectivity. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Kinetics of the thermal decomposition of cuc2o4-znc2o4 mixture in air
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, MA)
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The thermal decomposition processes taking place in the solid state oxalate mixture of CuC2O4-ZnC2O4-2H(2)O (1:1 mole ratios) have been studied in air using DTA-TG, XRD and SEM techniques. DTA-TG curves showed that, the decomposition proceeds through three well-defined steps with DTA peaks closely correspond to the weight loss obtained. The decomposition behaviour of the oxalate mixture is in good agreement with that of the individual oxalates. XRD showed an increase in the intensity of the diffraction lines on rising the calcinations temperature from 400 to 800degreesC attributed to the grain growth of the decomposition products. SEM experiments confirmed this result as the very small crystallites obtained at 400 degreesC are re-textured and coalesced into aggregates of large crystals with sharp edges and angles when calcined at 800degreesC. Kinetic analysis of the oxalate decomposition steps was performed under non-isothermal conditions using different integral methods of analysis. The dynamic TG curves obeyed the Avrami-Erofeev equation characteristic of solid-state nucleation-growth mechanism and consistent with the textural changes accompanying the decomposition revealed by SEM experiments. The activation parameters were calculated and discussed in view of the electronegativity of the metal ions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: On the exact solution of (2+1)-dimensional cubic nonlinear schrodinger (nls) equation
Authors: Saied, EA (Saied, EA); El-Rahman, RGA (El-Rahman, RGA); Ghonamy, MI (Ghonamy, MI)
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In this paper, symmetry reductions for a cubic nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation to complex ordinary differential equations are presented. These are obtained by means of Lie's method of infinitesimal transformation groups. It is shown that ten types of-subgroups of the symmetry group lead, via symmetry reduction, to ordinary differential equations. These equations are solved and the similarity solutions are obtained.

Title: On the solution of the coupled schrodinger-kdv equation by the decomposition method
Authors: Kaya, D (Kaya, D); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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In this Letter, we consider a coupled Schrodinger-Korteweg-de Vries equation (or Sch-KdV) equation with appropriate initial values using the Adomian's decomposition method (or ADM). In this method, the solution is calculated in the form of a convergent power series with easily computable components. The method does not need linearization, weak nonlinearity assumptions or perturbation theory. The convergence of the method as applied to Sch-KdV is illustrated numerically. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Potential of pottery materials in manufacturing radioactive waste containers
Authors: Helal, AA (Helal, AA); Alian, AM (Alian, AM); Aly, HM (Aly, HM); Khalifa, SM (Khalifa, SM)
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Various pottery materials were evaluated for possible use in manufacturing containers for radioactive waste. Their potential was examined from the viewpoints of the effectiveness of disposal and the changes induced in them by gamma rays. Samples of these materials were irradiated with high-energy neutrons and gamma rays in a reactor near its core. the physical and mechanical properties of the materials before and after gamma irradiation (in a Co-60 gamma cell) were compared. The study showed that pottery materials are resistant to radiation. Therefore, they were proposed for manufacturing drums for disposal of radioactive waste of high gamma activity. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: A two-sided iterative method for computing positive definite solutions of a nonlinear matrix equation
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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In several recent papers, a one-sided iterative process for computing positive definite solutions of the nonlinear matrix equation X + A * X-1 A = Q, where Q is positive definite, has been studied. In this paper, a two-sided iterative process for the same equation is investigated. The novel idea here is that the two sequences obtained by starting at two different values provide (a) an interval in which the solution is located, that is, X-k less than or equal to X less than or equal to Y-k for all k and (b) a better stopping criterion. Some properties of solutions are discussed. Sufficient solvability conditions on a matrix A are derived. Moreover, when the matrix A is normal and satisfies an additional condition, the matrix equation has smallest and largest positive definite solutions. Finally, some numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.

Title: Some analytical solutions for the advection-dispersion equation
Authors: Khalifa, ME (Khalifa, ME)
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In this paper the parallel plate and cylindrical geometry are considered to model contaminant transport in a main fracture surrounded by a two-dimensional rock matrix. The transformation group theoretical approach is applied to present some new analytical solutions for the advection-dispersion equation governing these models. The application of this approach reduces the number of independent variables, and consequently the governing equation is reduced to ordinary differential equations. The general analysis developed in this study corresponds to the case of parabolic manner of the velocity within the main fracture. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of calcination temperature on co(ii) oxalate dihydrate-iron(ii) oxalate dihydrate mixture dta-tg, xrd, mossbauer, ft-ir and sem studies (part ii)
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, MA); El-Bellihi, AA (El-Bellihi, AA); Ata-Allah, SS (Ata-Allah, SS)
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Effect of calcination temperature on the physico-morphological properties of CoC2O4.2H(2)O-FeC2O4-2H(2)O (1:2 mole ratio) mixture has been investigated using DTA-TG, XRD, Mossbauer effect (ME) spectroscopy, FT-IR and SEM measurements. DTA-TG results showed that the decomposition proceeds via four well-defined steps. The first is attributed to dehydration and formation of anhydrous mixture which decomposed in the second step to give CoC2O4-Fe2O3 mixture. In the third step, CoC2O4 decomposed and Co3O4-Fe2O3 mixture is formed. This mixture is thermally stable up to 920degreesC, then CO3O4 reduced to CoO, which reacts directly with alpha-Fe2O3 to form CoFe2O4, in the fourth step. ME spectra demonstrated that part of alpha-Fe2O3 is formed in a superparamagnetic doublet state in the early stages of decomposition. As the temperature increased to 800 degreesC, the crystallites are grown and the superparamagnetism disappeared. At 1000degreesC, a ferrimagnetic ordering ME spectrum fitted into two Zeeman sextets due to Fe3+ at the two distinct sites of CoFe2O4 inverse spinel has been obtained. XRD patterns of samples calcined at 250 and 280degreesC revealed none of XRD lines characteristic of alpha-Fe2O3, while the pattern of that fired at 1000degreesC confirmed the presence of single-phase cubic spinel structure with no evidence of impurities. FT-IR and SEM studies are consistent with the previous results. Kinetic analysis of the dehydration and the oxalate decomposition reactions was performed under non-isothermal conditions using different integral methods of analysis. The dynamic TG curves showed a sigmoid shape and obeyed the Avrami-Erofeev equation characteristic of the solid state nucleation-growth mechanism. The activation parameters were calculated and discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Non-isothermal decomposition of nic2o4-fec2o4 mixture aiming at the production of nife2o4
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, MA)
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The non-isothermal decomposition of NiC2O4.2H(2)O.FeC2O4.2H(2)O (1:2 mole ratio) mixture was studied on heating to the formation of NiO-Fe2O3 mixture at 350 T in air atmosphere using thermogravimetry. Kinetic analysis of data according to the integral composite method showed that the oxidative decomposition of FeC2O4 and NiC2O4 are best described by the three-dimensional phase boundary model. The activation parameters were calculated and discussed. The solid products at different decomposition stages were identified using XRD, Mossbauer and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. Some characteristic XRD lines of NiFe2O4 start to appear at 800 T beside the characteristic lines of NiO and Fe2O3, whereas at 1000 degreesC, only the characteristic lines of single phase cubic NiFe2O4 appeared. The Mossbauer spectrum at 1000 T fitted into two Zeeman sextets characteristic of Fe3+ on the tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites of NiFe2O4 inverse spinel. Consistent results were obtained using FT-IR where the absorption bands appeared at 602 and 407 cm(-1) for the mixture calcined at 1000 degreesC. These can be assigned to the intrinsic vibrations of tetrahedral and octahedral sites of NiFe2O4, respectively. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Fused heterocycles. part 1. synthesis of some annelated 1,2,4-triazole systems from [4-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)-phthalazin-1-yl]hydrazine
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF)
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Substituted 6-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazine derivatives containing alkyl, aryl, hydroxyl, mercapto, methylthio and formyl substituents at position 3 have been synthesised. Di-[6-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)3-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazin-3-yl]alkanes have been obtained by the use of dicarboxylic acids or their esters in the above condensations. Methylation reactions of the triazolo-phthalazine system are reported.

Title: An application of the decomposition method for the generalized kdv and rlw equations
Authors: Kaya, D (Kaya, D); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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We consider solitary-wave solutions of the generalized regularized long-wave (RLW) and Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equations. We prove the convergence of Adomian decomposition method applied to the generalized RLW and KdV equations. Then we obtain the exact solitary-wave solutions and numerical solutions of the generalized RLW and KdV equations for the initial conditions. The numerical solutions are compared with the known analytical solutions. Their remarkable accuracy are finally demonstrated for the generalized RLW and KdV equations. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Spectrophotometric studies and applications for the determination of yttrium in pure and in nickel base alloys
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Mohammed, TY (Mohammed, TY); Mousa, AA (Mousa, AA)
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Yttrium reacts with 5-(4-chlorophenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (I), 5-(2'-bromophenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (II), 5 -(2',4-dimethylphenylazo)-6- hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (III), 5-(4'-nitro-2',6'-dichlorophenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-di one (IV), 5 - (2'-methyl-4-hydroxyphenylazo)- 6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (V) to form a dark pink complexes, having an absorption maximum at 610, 577, 596, 567 and 585 nm, respectively. The complex formation was completed spontaneously in theil buffer solution and the resulting complex was stable for at least 3 h after dilution. Under the optimum conditions employed, the molar absorptivities were found to be 1.60 x 10(4), 1.29 x 10(4), 1.96 x 10(4), 1.45 x 10(4) and 1.21 x 10(4) l mol(-1) cm(-1) and the molar ratios were (1: 1) and (1:2) (M:L). The linear ranges were found within 95 mug of yttrium in 25 ml solution. One of the characteristics of the complex was its high tolerance for calcium and hence a method of separation and enrichment of microamounts of yttrium by using calcium oxalate precipitate was developed and applied to measure yttrium in nickel-base alloys. Interfering species and their elimination have been studied. The precision and recovery are both satisfactory. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Title: Gamma-oxo carboxylic acids in heterocyclic synthesis - iv. synthesis of some pyridazines containing phthalyl and tosyl amino acids using dcc as the condensing agent
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, AA); Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF)
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The 3(2H)-oxo-, 3(2H)-thioxo- or 3-amino-pyridazine derivatives 4, 6 and 7 were coupled with N-phthalyl- or N-tosyl-amino acids in one-step using N,N'-dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide as the condensing agent to furnish the corresponding 3-(N-phthalyl- or N-tosyl-aminoacyl)pyridazine derivatives 8-10 respectively. Hydrazinolysis of the N-phthalyl derivatives in methanol yielded the corresponding unprotected derivatives 11-13. The antibacterial activities of the prepared compounds were tested.

Title: Studies on quinazolines. part iii. synthesis of some fused-ring cationic and mesoionic derivatives of the 1,3-thiazolo[3,2-c]quinazoline ring system
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF)
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4-Allylthio-2-arylquinazolines 4a-c undergo cyclization by action of bromine to furnish 5-aryl-3-bromomethyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2c]quinazolin-4-ium bromide 5a-c. Compounds 5a-c undergo ring opening by action of water under acid catalysis to afford the corresponding dibromide derivatives 6a-c. Bromination of 3-allyl-2-aryl-4(3H)quinazolinethiones 76-c leads to 5-aryl-2-bromomethyl-2,3dihydrothiazolo[3,2-cjquinazolin-4-ium bromides 8a-c. However, 5-aryl-1,3-thiazolo[3,2-c]quinazolinium-3-olate 10a-c were prepared by the cyclodehydration of the corresponding thioglycolic acids 9a-c with Ac2O.

Title: Effect of interlayer exchange interaction and rare earth dilution on the electrical properties of two-dimensional system
Authors: Ahmed, MA (Ahmed, MA); Gabal, MA (Gabal, MA); Radwan, FA (Radwan, FA)
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The dielectric permittivity (epsilon') of the organic complexes of the general formula (CH2)(n)(NH3)(2)Mn1-xLaxCl4, n = 5, 6, 7 and 0.1 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.9 was studied at different temperatures as a function of the applied frequency. The obtained results contain more than one phase transition depending on the La3+ ion concentration as well as the applied frequency. The appeared transitions were of thermochromic type (change in crystal symmetry) because it gives a reversible color change with temperature. Varying the layer spacing by varying the number of carbon atom (n) will change drastically the permittivity of the sample, due to varying the superexchange interaction through the intervening of the organic group. The AC conductivity for the investigated samples was measured in the same range of temperature and frequency as that of permittivity measurements. The calculated values of the activation energy indicate the semiconducting behavior of these complexes. More than one conduction mechanisms were obtained as indicated from the existence of more than one straight line. Hopping mechanism was the most predominant one that interprets the conductivity in the low temperature region. In the moderate region of temperature the holes play a role. In the high temperature region we expect some ionic conduction which was clear from the high values of activation energy. (C) 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Title: Structural and acidic characteristics of cu-ni-modified acid-leached mordenites
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM)
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Two series of dealuminated Na-mordenite zeolites (DML and DMH) were impregnated, in comparison with the parent nondealuminated NaMSP, in aqueous nitrate solutions of Cu and Ni to achieve varying loadings for both of the cations. These samples were characterized by N-2 adsorption, XRD, DSC of ammonia desorption, ammonia volumetric sorption, IR of ammonia adsorption, and FTIR-photoacoustic (FTIR-PAS) techniques. The FTIR-PAS spectrum of CuNi-loaded NaMSP shows a band at 935 cm(-1) ascribed to O3Si-O-SiO3 linkages produced as a result of dealumination caused by the synergistic effect of Cu and Ni cations under the preparation conditions. As a confirmation, this band was intensified upon acid dealumination (DML) where, at the extent of dealumination (DMH), collapsing of the zeolite structure was obtained subsequent to cation modification. In addition, the dealumination effect was markedly enhanced upon increasing the load of Cu in proportion to Ni. A total erosion of OH group characteristics of Si-(OH)-AL at 3610 cm(-1) was depicted when the Ni content exceed that of Cu where it did not show any change when the Cu content surpasses that of Ni. The amount of adsorbed ammonia measured volumetrically was enlarged after dealumination as well as after increasing the contents of the modificating cations. The IR study of ammonia adsorption revealed a band at 1428 cm(-1), in either nondealuminated or dealuminated-modified samples, assigned to stronger Bronsted acid sites than those at 1455 cm(-1). The band at 1428 cm(-1) was markedly enhanced in the latter samples than in the former. This was due in part to the replacement of the protons by cations, producing sufficiently mobile protons. In conformity, DeltaH values obtained for DSC effects via ammonia desorption were enhanced after dealumination. Other correlations with XRD and surface texturing on one hand and the structural variations following cations incorporation on the other hand are evaluated and discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Study of backward, forward shower and grey particles production from the interactions of o-16 with emulsion nuclei at 4.5 a gev/c
Authors: Abd-Elhalim, SM (Abd-Elhalim, SM); Callet, A (Callet, A)
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This paper presents the results of the study of interaction of the relativistic O-16 nucleus with the momentum 4.5 A GeV/c with the photo emulsion. The average multiplicities of the different emitted hadrons (shower and grey) in the forward (FHS) and backward (BHS) hemisphere, compared with other data from the interaction of P-1, He-4, Li-6, C-12, Ne-22 and Si-28 at nearly the same momentum, have been studied as a function of projectile mass number, the number of interacting projectile nucleons, impact parameter and number of shower particles emitted in the backward hemisphere. The multiplicity distribution of the shower particles emitted in the forward and backward hemisphere directions using the KNO representation are represented and described by an exponential form for BHS shower particles. Another objective of this paper is to examine whether the mechanism of particle production in the BHS is significantly different from the operating in the production of particles in the FHS which can help to solve some questions connected with the role of collective phenomena in the backward emission of particles from the nuclear targets. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Production and corrosion behaviour of a7475 and (sic(p)/a7475) composites in artificial sea water
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M); Omar, AA (Omar, AA); Kandil, A (Kandil, A)
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A compocasting process including two steps, liquid and semisolid stirring. This process has been used to produce SiC particle reinforced aluminium matrix composites (A7475). In the presnt study, this process has been used to produce aluminium matrix composites reinforced with 15 and 25 vol.% SiC particles of 15, 30, 50 and 100 mum size. This process leads to complete wetting of SiC particles, good distribution in molten aluminium and it can be readily achieved at relatively low stirring rate. After casting, the composites were hot extruded, solution treatment at 753 K for 1.5 hours and ageing at 393 K for 6 hours (M). Then the interaction between SiCp and aluminium matrix has been studied. Al4C3 is not detected at the A7475/SiC interface due to lower processing temperature. The corrosion behaviour of extruded SiCp/(A7475) alloy and (A7475) were investigated under the condition of the peak aged (T6) in 3.5% NaCl using weight loss and a polarisation measurements. Some corrosion kinetic and mechanistic parameters have been studied such as anodic and cathodic Tafel slopes, corrosion potential and corrosion current density. The addition of SiC particle by 15 or 25 vol.% in aluminium alloy (A 74 75) decreases the resistance of these alloys to corrosion. The increase of particle size accelerates the corrosion process. Addition of Na2CrO4 as inhibitor to 3.5% NaCl decreases the corrosion rate of composites alloy. The inhibition efficiency was found to be increased with chromate concentration.

Title: Propagation of boundary of inhomogeneous heat conduction equation
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, RG (Abdel-Rahman, RG)
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We consider the problem of determining analytically the exact solutions of the heat conduction equation in an inhomogeneous medium, described by the diffusion equation partial derivative(t)T(x, t) = r(1-s)partial derivative(r)(k(r)r(s-1)partial derivative(r)T(r, t)) with a position-dependent thermal diffusivity K(r). The unsteady one-dimensional heat conduction equation is transformed into an ordinary differential equation called Kummer's equation unifiedly in the linear, cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems. Kummer's equation is solved in terms of the confluent hypergeometric functions. These solutions exist on the conditions that boundaries move with their positions proportional to some functions of time. Progress has been made in this direction by introducing similarity variables and transformations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Total stability of perturbed systems of differential equations
Authors: Soliman, AA (Soliman, AA)
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The notion of Lipschitz stability for systems of ordinary differential equations (ODE) was introduced. In this paper, we will extend the total stability notion to a new type of stability called total Lipschitz stability. Some criteria and results are given. Our technique depends on Liapunov's direct method. MSC-34D20. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Colorimetric determination of benzocaine, lignocaine and procaine hydrochlorides in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations using p-benzoquinone
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); El-Didamony, AM (El-Didamony, AM)
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A simple, accurate and sensitive method for the microdetermination of benzocaine, lignocaine and procaine hydrochlorides in pure forms and in pharmaceutical formulations is described. The procedure is based on the reaction of those drugs in an aqueous acidic medium with p-benzoquinone to form charge-transfer complexes. The method has been used for the determination of 5.0 - 70, 5.0 - 60 and 5.0 - 90 mug ml(-1) of benzocaine, lignocaine HCl and procaine HCl, respectively. The complexes have apparent molar absorptivities of 1.70 x 10(3), 2.79 x 10(3) and 2.42 x 10(3) L mol(-1) cm(-1) and Sandell sensitivities of 9.72, 10.34 and 11.25 ng cm(-2), respectively. The proposed procedure of analysis is as accurate as the British Pharmacopoeial method (2003). The method was successfully used for the determination of those drugs in the presence of their degradation products, additives and excipients, which were normally encountered in pharmaceutical formulations.

Title: Expedient synthesis of biginelli-type dihydropyrimidinones using alpha-(benzotriazolyl)alkyl urea derivatives
Authors: :Abdel-Fattah, AAA (Abdel-Fattah, AAA)
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Reaction of readily available alpha-(benzotriazolyl)alkyl urea derivatives (derived from aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic aldehydes) with beta-keto esters resulted in 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones in good to excellent yields.

Title: Synthesis of some functionalized 3-(4-thioxo-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-yl) acrylic acid of pharmaceutical interest
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, AA)
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3-(4-Thioxo-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-yl)acrylic acid 1 proved to be a convenient precursor for the synthesis of novel polyfunctional quinazoline derivatives of pharmaceutical interest via its treatment with some, pi-deficient compounds such as phenyl isocyanate and phenyl isothiocyanate. Also, S- and N-glucosidation of quinazoline has been achieved by treatment of 1 with glucopyranosyl bromide in alkaline medium. The behavior of 1 toward acrylonitrile (under Michael reaction condition), paraformaldehyde in the presence of secondary amines (under Mannich reaction condition) and sodium azide were investigated. Moreover, the peptidyl derivatives of quinazoline have been synthesized by condensation of 1 with alpha-amino acids via different routes. Some of the newly synthesized products were tested for their antimicrobial activities. The structure assignments are based on the analytical and spectroscopic results.

Title: Inhibition of aluminum corrosion using opuntia extract
Authors: :El-Etre, AY (El-Etre, AY)
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The inhibitive action of the mucilage extracted from the modified stems of prickly pears, toward acid corrosion of aluminum, is tested using weight loss, thermometry, hydrogen evolution and polarization techniques. It was found that the extract acts as a good corrosion inhibitor for aluminum corrosion in 2.0 M HCl solution. The inhibition action of the extract was discussed in view of Langmuir adsorption isotherm. It was found that the adsorption of the extract on aluminum surface is a spontaneous process. The inhibition efficiency (IE) increases as the extract concentration is increased. The effect of temperature on the IE was studied. It was found that the presence of extract increases the activation energy of the corrosion reaction. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption process were calculated. It was found also that the Opuntia extract provides a good protection to aluminum against pitting corrosion in chloride ion containing solutions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: A numerical method for solving jaulent-miodek equation
Authors: Kaya, D (Kaya, D); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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This Letter presents a numerical method, based on the Adomian's decomposition method (ADM), is presented of the Jaulent-Miodek (JM) equation. We obtain the numerical and exact travelling wave solutions of the JM equation for the initial conditions. The ADM method provides a better approximation to the exact solution than the classical methods. In order to show the efficiency of this method, exhaustive numerical examples are presented. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: A convenient synthesis of new pentaazacyclopentanaphthalene and pentaazaphenanthrene derivates
Authors: Issac, YA (Issac, YA); Aly, AA (Aly, AA)
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Reaction of N-{3-cyano-6-[4(5-oxo-2-phenylhydrazono-4,5-dihydroimidazol-1-yl)phenyl]-4-phenylpyridin-2-yl}formimidic ethyl ester (3) and 3-[4-(3-amino-4-imino-5-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)phenyl]-2-phenyl-5-phenylhydrazono-3,5-dihydroimidazol-4-one (4) with different reagents has been investigated and discussed. Some of the obtained compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of oxazolone complexes with fe(iii), co(ii), ni(ii), cu(ii) and zn(ii) in different counterions
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, IS); El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, EH)
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Oxazolone forms (1:1) complexes with Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ chlorides, as well as forms (1:1) complexes with Co2+ and Cu2+ acetates. All the complexes are found to be non-electrolytes in DMF; tetrahedral, square-planar and octahedral structures are assigned to them based on electronic and magnetic data. IR studies reveal that the complexes are formed by donating the lone-pair electron from O and N atoms to the metal ion. The thermal decomposition of the [ML(.)mX(.)nH(2)O](y)(H2O)-H-. chelates was studied by TG-DTA techniques. The mechanism of the decomposition has been established from TG-DTA data. The kinetic parameters, activation energy (E-a) and pre-exponential factor (A), were calculated from TG curves using Coats and Redfern method. Relative thermal stabilities of the chelates have been evaluated on the basis of these parameters. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.

Title: An algorithm for computing positive definite solutions of the nonlinear matrix equation x+a*x-1a=i
Authors: El-Sayed, S (El-Sayed, S)
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In this paper, an algorithm for obtaining the Hermitian positive definite solutions of the nonlinear matrix equation X + A * X -1 A = I is considered and discussed. The convergence of the algorithm is proved. Numerical experiments to illustrate the behavior of the algorithm are executed.

Title: Studies on quinazolines: part ii - synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of some 2,2-disubstituted-3,3-biquinazolin-4(3h)-ones
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF)
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N-(2-Styryl-, 2-p-chlorostyryl- or 2-p-nitrostyryl-4-oxo-3H-quinazolin-3-yl)-2-aminobenzamides 6a-c react with triethyl orthoesters to furnish some new 2-styryl-, 2-p-chlorostyryl- or 2-p-nitrostyryl-2-substituted-3,3-biqui-nazolin-4(3H)ones (7a-c- 9a-c). An alternative synthesis of (7-9)b has been accomplished by reaction of acetylanthranil with 2-amino-2-styryl-, 2-p-chlorostyryl- or 2-p-nitrostyryl-quinazolin-4(3H)-ones 4a-c. The synthesised products are tested for antimicrobial activities using methaqualone as reference standard.

Title: Ethoxylated fatty alcohols as corrosion inhibitors for dissolution of zinc in hydrochloric acid
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M)
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The effect of some ethoxylated fatty alcohols, with different numbers of ethylene oxide units, on the corrosion of zinc in 0.5 M HCl has been studied using weight loss and polarization measurements. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentration, number of ethylene oxide units per molecule and with decreasing the temperature. Inhibition was explained on the basis of adsorption of ethoxylated fatty alcohols molecules on the metal surface through their ethoxy groups. The degree of surface coverage varied linearly with logarithm of inhibitor concentration fitting Temkin isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated for the tested system from the data obtained at different temperatures. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Corrosion kinetics of nickel alloys in h2so4 and the effect of dihydrazide derivatives as corrosion inhibitors
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M); El Nagar, M (El Nagar, M); Megahed, HE (Megahed, HE); Radwan, D (Radwan, D); Mabrouk, EM (Mabrouk, EM)
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Title: The decomposition method for studying the klein-gordon equation
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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In this paper we use Adomian's decomposition method for solving linear and nonlinear Klein-Gordon and sine-Gordon equations. Analytic and numerical studies are presented. The obtained results show improvements over existing techniques. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

Title: Characterization of intrazeolitic fe3+ prepared by chemical vapor deposition of [(c5h5)fe(co)(2)](2) inside nay and fsm-16 zeolites and their catalytic activities towards phenol hydroxylation
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM); Eissa, NA (Eissa, NA)
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Iron-modified mesoporous and microporous zeolite materials, namely FSM-16 and NaY as well as dealuminated NaY (del-NaY), were prepared using cyclopentadienyl iron dicarbonyl diamer [(C5H5)Fe(CO)(2)](2) via a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. XRD, FTIR, TG/DSC, N-2 adsorption and Mossbauer measurements were used to characterize the various materials. An isomorphous substitution of Fe3+ into the framework of NaY zeolite was accomplished as determined from the Mossbauer results (IS less than or equal to 0.3) as well as from the increase in the unit cell volume. As a further confirmation, some framework IR bands (780 and 574 cm(-1)) showed a shift towards lower frequencies upon iron incorporation along with the existence of a band at 686 cm(-1) ascribed to Si-O-Fe linkages. The latter band was emphasized on the basis of comparison of NaY before and after the CVD treatment with the precursor of the Fe complex. Two types of octahedral Fe3+ components were revealed in FSM-16 and del-NaY samples specified as intrazeolitic iron oxide clusters and alpha-Fe2O3 species, which were localized on the external surfaces of zeolites and occupied small percentages (18-22%) compared with the former species. The surface area of the support NaY was preserved after the CVD treatment rather than FSM-16 that showed a reduction (24%). The catalytic activities of various samples for the liquid phase hydroxylation of phenol using H2O2 were found to be in the order: Fe/NaY > Fe/FSM-16 > Fe/del-NaY The higher activity of the Fe/NaY sample was attributed to the high dispersity of Fe ions that are located in framework positions and to the high crystallinity. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Title: Synthesis and thermal studies of poly(n-acryloyl,n '-cyanoacetohydrazide) complexes with co(ii), fe(iii), and uo2(ii) ions
Authors: El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, EH); Al-Thabaiti, SA (Al-Thabaiti, SA)
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Polymer complexes with uranium, cobalt, and iron chlorides were synthesized and investigated by elemental analysis, electronic (uv-visible), IR vibration, and magnetic moment measurements. The thermal stabilities of N-acryloyl,N'-cyanoacetohydrazide (ACAH) homopolymers and polymer complexes of poly(ACAH) (PACAH) with metal chlorides were studied thermogravimetrically. The rates of polymerization of PACAH in the absence and presence of metal chlorides were studied. The activation energies of the degradation of the homopolymer and polymer complexes were calculated using the Arrhenius equation. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Title: Corrosion behaviour of 304 stainless steel in sulphuric acid solutions and its inhibition by some substituted pyrazolones
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M)
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The corrosion behaviour of 304 stainless steel (SS) in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution was studied using potentiodynamic and galvanostatic polarization techniques. Three anodic peaks were observed in the potentiodynamic anodic polarization curves before oxygen evolution. The effects of acid concentrations and voltage scan rate were studied. The inhibitive effect of 4-substituted pyrazole-5-ones toward the corrosion of 304 SS in 0.5 M H2SO4 were studied. The inhibition action of these compounds was assumed to occur via adsorption on the steel surface through the active centres contained in their structure. The mechanism of inhibition was interpreted on the basis of the inductive and mesomeric effects of the substituents. There is a good agreement between the percentage inhibition efficiencies calculated from both techniques. The inhibition efficiencies increase with increasing the inhibitor concentrations. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Existence of almost everywhere solution for nonlinear hyperbolic-parabolic system
Authors: Khalifa, ME (Khalifa, ME)
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In this paper the existence theorem for an almost everywhere solution of a mixed problem for more complicated nonlinear hyperbolic-parabolic (nonlinear thermoelasticity) system was proved using Galerkin's method and suitable a priori estimates were obtained. (C) 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Numerical soliton-like solutions of the potential kadomtsev-petviashvili equation by the decomposition method
Authors: Kaya, D (Kaya, D); El-Sayed, S (El-Sayed, S)
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In this Letter we present an Adomian's decomposition method (shortly ADM) for obtaining the numerical soliton-like solutions of the potential Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (shortly PKP) equation. We will prove the convergence of the ADM. We obtain the exact and numerical solitary-wave solutions of the PKP equation for certain initial conditions. Then ADM yields the analytic approximate solution with fast convergence rate and high accuracy through previous works. The numerical solutions are compared with the known analytical solutions. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Sequential distillation of fission-produced radioiodine and radioruthenium from sulfuric acid solutions
Authors: El-Absy, MA (El-Absy, MA); Aly, HF (Aly, HF); Mousa, MA (Mousa, MA); Mostafa, M (Mostafa, M)
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Fission-produced I-131 and Ru-103 radionuclides have been separated sequentially by distillation from H2SO4 of controlled chemical composition. The thermal-neutron irradiated uranium trioxide targets were digested in 2M NaOH solution and then, the supernatant solution was acidified to 20% H2SO4 with addition of a few drops of H2O2 Solution. On boiling for 3.5 hours, greater than or equal to99.99% I-131 was volatilized, passed through 3M H2SO4 traps, and then collected in 0.1M NaOH + 0.01% Na2S2O3 solution with a recovery yield of 73.6%. The product radionuclide had high radiochemical and radionuclidic purities. After separation of I-131, the fission-product solution was acidified to 40% H2SO4 acid containing KMnO4 as an oxidant and boiled for 40 minutes. Ruthenium nuclides were volatilized and collected in 0.1M NaOH solution. Gamma-ray spectrometry showed that the separation and the recovery yields of 103Ru were greater than or equal to99.99 and 65%, respectively, with similar to92% radionuclidic purity, measured immediately after separation. The radionuclides of I-132 and Rh-106 were the main contaminants detected in the obtained Ru-103 product solution.

Title: The decomposition method applied to solve high-order linear volterra-fredholm integro-differential equations
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); Kaya, D (Kaya, D); Zarea, S (Zarea, S)
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In this paper, Adomian's decomposition method is applied to solving high-order linear Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations. Comparison with the results obtained in terms of Taylor's polynomials reveals that the Adomian's decomposition method is more accurate and is more efficient than the Taylor's expansion technique. The decomposition method also minimizes the computational difficulties of Taylor's expansion approach in that the components of the decomposition series are determined elegantly by using simple integrals.

Title: Charge-transfer complexes of quinaldine-aryliden schiff bases with fluoranil and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene
Authors: El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, EH); Al-Thabaiti, SA (Al-Thabaiti, SA)
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Molecular complexes of charge transfer of some 4-(2-hydroxy-4' -substituted benzyldene amino)-2-methyl quinoline with fluoranil and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene have been investigated by R H-1-NMR, electronic absorption and ESR spectroscopy. [GRAPHICS] The stoichiometry and apparent formation constants of the complexes formed were determined by applying the conventional methods, the role of the molecular structure of the complexes as well as the equilibrium constants (K), Oscillator strength (1), dipole moment (mu,) and free energy (DeltaG*) are elucidated.

Title: N-[4-(dicyanomethylazo)phenyl]-2-saccharin-2-ylacetamide in the synthesis of pyridazine and pyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, AA); Nassar, SA (Nassar, SA)
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N-[4-(Dicyanomethylazo)phenyl]-2-saccharin-2-ylacetamide (2) proved to be a convenient precursor for the synthesis of a variety of pyridazine and pyrimidine derivatives 4a,b,6, and 7. Also a series of substituted pyrimidines 10-16 were prepared from the reaction of N-[4-(2-amino-1-cyano-2-substitutedvinylazo)phenyl]-2-(saccharin-2-yl)acetamide 9a,b with different reagents via initial addition to either the cyano or amino group, followed by cyclization. Some of the synthesized heterocycles were screened for their biological activity. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Title: The spectra of general differential operators in the direct sum spaces
Authors: Ibrahim, SES (Ibrahim, SES)
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In this paper, the general ordinary quasi-differential expression M-p of n-th order with complex coefficients and its formal adjoint M-p(+) on any finite number of intervals I-p = (a(p), b(p)), p = 1, ..., N, are considered in the setting of the direct sums of L-wp(2) (a(p), b(p))-spaces of functions defined on each of the separate intervals, and a number of results concerning the location of the point spectra and the regularity fields of general differential operators generated by such expressions are obtained. Some of these are extensions or generalizations of those in a symmetric case in [1], [14], [15], [16], [17] and of. a general case with one interval in [2], [11], [12], whilst others are new.

Title: Synthesis and reactions of 5,6,7,8-tetrabromo-4(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-1h-2,3-benzoxazin-1-one
Authors: El-Shenawy, AL (El-Shenawy, AL)
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The behaviour of 5,6,7,8-tetrabromo-4-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-1H-2,3-benzoxazin-1-one towards phosphorus pentasulfide, active methylene compounds, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole under Friedel-Craft's conditions, Grignard reagents, o-phenylenediamine, and hydrazine hydrate has been investigated. Also, reactions of 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrabromo-4-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-2H-phthalazin-1-one with aromatic aldehyde, acetic anhydride, and ethyl acetate are described.

Title: Gamma-oxocarboxylic acids in heterocyclic synthesis - iv. synthesis of some pyridazines containing phthalyl- and tosylamino acids using dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as the condensing agent
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, AA); Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF)
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3(2H)-Oxo-, 3(2H)-thioxo- or 3-aminopyridazine derivatives were coupled with N-phthalyl- or N-tosylamino acids in one-step room-temperature reaction using N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as the condensing agent to furnish the corresponding 3-N-(phthalyl- or tosylamino acids) pyridazine derivatives. Hydrazinolysis of the N-phthalyl derivatives in methanol yielded the corresponding unprotected derivatives. The antibacterial activities of the prepared compounds were tested.

Title: Influence of curing temperature on the physico-mechanical, characteristics of calcium aluminate cement with air-cooled slag or water-cooled slag
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, M); Radwan, MM (Radwan, MM); Morsy, MS (Morsy, MS)
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The nature, sequence, crystallinity and microstructure of hydrated phases were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the formation of different hydrated phases was temperature dependence. The physico-mechanical and microstructural characteristics were investigated after curing at 20, 40 and 60degreesC. The results indicated that for the substitution of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) by air-cooled slag (AS) or water-cooled slag (WS) at 20 C, the compressive strength increases with slag content up to 10 wt.%, then followed by a decrease with further slag substitution up to 25 wt.%; but the values are still higher than those of the neat CA C pastes at different curing ages up to 60 days. After 28 days of hydration at 40-60 C, the compressive strength increases with the slag content. This is attributed to the prevention of the conversion reaction, which was confirmed by XRD, DSC and SEM techniques, and the preferential formation of stratlingite (gehleinte-like) phase. The SEM micrographs showed a close texture of hydrated CAC/slag blends made with AS or WS at 40degreesC due to the formation of C(2)ASH(s) and C-S-Hphases.

Title: Effect of curing temperature on the thermal expansion and phase composition of hydrated limestone-slag cement
Authors: Morsy, MS (Morsy, MS); Heikal, M (Heikal, M)
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The materials used in this investigation were ordinary Portland cement (OPC), granulated blast-furnace slag cement (GBFSC) and limestone (LS). The slag cement containing limestone shows small thermal expansion and shrinkage coefficient in comparison to neat OPC pastes. This is mainly due to the pozzolanic activity of the granulated slag as well as the filling effect of limestone. It was found that the partial substitution of slag by 5 wt.% LS improves the compressive strength. As the curing temperature increases, the C-S-H phases are deposited within the pore system, which can accommodate larger amounts of hydration products. Thisfact leads to relatively high compressive strength values of GBFSC when compared with OPC pastes. As the amount of limestone increases (15 wt. % LS), the compressive strength diminishes. The presence of 15 wt. % limestone changes the morphological shape of C-S-H crystalsfrom fibers to crumbledfoils with smallfibers embedded of Ca(OH), phase.

Title: Adaptation of a color reaction for spectrophotometric determination of diclofenac sodium and piroxicam in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations
Authors: El-Didamony, AM (El-Didamony, AM); Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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A simple, sensitive, and convenient spectrophotometric method for the determination of diclofenac sodium and piroxicam in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations was developed. The method is based on the oxidation of diclofenac sodium or piroxicam by iron(HI) in the presence of o-phenanthroline. The formation of tris(o-phenanthroline) iron(II) complex (ferroin) upon the reaction of diclofenac sodium or piroxicam with an iron(III)-o-phenanthroline mixture in acetate buffer solution of pH 4.4 and 4.8, respectively, was investigated. The ferroin complex is measured at 510 nm against a reagent blank prepared in the same manner. The optimum experimental parameters for the color production are selected. Beer's law is valid within a concentration range of 1.0-32 mug mL(-1) for diclofenac sodium and 1.0-28 mug mL-1 for piroxicam. For more accurate results, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges are 2.0-30 and 2.0-26 mug mL(-1) for diclofenac sodium and piroxicam, respectively. The molar absorptivities are 1.15 x 10(4) and 1.63 x 10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1), whereas Sandell sensitivities are 2.78 and 2.03 ng cm(-2) for diclofenac sodium and piroxicam, respectively. The method gave a mean percentage recoveries 99.8 +/- 1.2% for diclofenac sodium and 100.3 +/- 0.8% for piroxicam. The developed method is applied for the determination of diclofenac sodium and piroxicam in bulk powder and in their pharmaceutical formulations without any interference from tablet fillers.

Title: Thermal behavior of pentachlorophenyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile copolymers
Authors: Azab, MM (Azab, MM)
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Acrylonitrile was copolymerized with pentachlorophenyl methacrylate (PCPMA)in dimethyl formamide using azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The composition of the copolymers was determined by nitrogen analysis and the monomer reactivity ratios (r(1) and r(2)) were calculated. Both the homopolymer and the copolymers were characterized by a variety of spectral and thermal methods. Thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis data showed that the comonomer (PCPMA) initiates the nitrile oligomerization reaction in the copolymer upon heating. A mechanism for the initiation of (PCPMA) units in the nitrile copolymers was also proposed. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Title: Some new exact solutions for linear thermoelastic system
Authors: :Khalifa, ME (Khalifa, ME); El-Rahman, RGA (El-Rahman, RGA); Ghonamy, MI (Ghonamy, MI)
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The general analysis of transformation group method has been developed to study the linear thermoelastic system. The application of one-parameter group reduces the number of independent variables. Consequently, the governing system of second-order partial differential equations reduced into systems of ordinary differential equations. In this paper some of these systems are solved analytically. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Title: Recent results on particle production from silicon emulsion interactions at 14.6a gev
Authors: El-Nagdy, MS (El-Nagdy, MS); Abdelsalam, A (Abdelsalam, A); Ali-Mossa, N (Ali-Mossa, N); Abdalla, AM (Abdalla, AM); Abdal-Halim, SM (Abdal-Halim, SM); Abdel-Waged, K (Abdel-Waged, K)
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A comparative study of results obtained from the interactions of 14.6A GeV Si-28 in nuclear emulsion is presented. In this work the experimental data serve as one of the decisive signature of quark-gluon plasma formation. The data for 200 and 400 proton-emulsion interactions are used to investigate the assumption which consider interaction of Si-28-Em at 14.6A GeV is such that for a proton with total energy corresponding to that for effective number of interacting nucleons (12.6 x 14.6 = 175) or as a proton having the total energy of Si-28 (i.e., 28 x 14.6 = 409 GeV). It is also shown that the relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model nicely predicts the multiplicities and correlations of shower and grey particles in the interactions of Si-28 with emulsion nuclei at 14.6A GeV. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Title: Effect of density-dependent nucleon-nucleon cross-section on elastic scattering
Authors: Ghazal, AS (Ghazal, AS); El-Din, MSMN (El-Din, MSMN); Hassan, MYM (Hassan, MYM)
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A linear form of density-dependent total nucleon-nucleon (NN) cross-section that depends on the coordinates of the projectile and target is applied in the Glauber phase shift formula. The only free parameter in these calculations is the density-dependent parameter "beta", which is adjusted to obtain an agreement between the calculated angular distribution of the elastic-scattering cross-section and the corresponding experimental one. The elastic scattering of the C-12 ion on the C-12 ion target has been studied at incident energies of 300, 360, 1016, 1441 and 2400 MeV. The total reaction cross-section "sigma(r)" is also calculated with the obtained value of "beta" for the same reactions. The obtained values of "sigma(r)" are compared with those obtained from the optical-model analysis as well as those of the experimental value. Nuclear transparency effects are also discussed. Generally, the density-dependent NN cross-section improves the calculated results.

Title: Cyclic voltammetry and passivation behaviour of lead in na2hpo4 solution
Authors: El-Naggar, MM (El-Naggar, MM)
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The electrochemical and passivation behaviour of lead electrode in 0.10 mol dm(-3) Na2HPO4 solution was studied using cyclic voltammetric technique and complemented by X-ray surface analysis. The anodic half-cycle of the voltammogram exhibits active, pre-passive, passive and transpassive regions before the oxygen evolution. Passivity is due to the formation of thick porous PbO film by three-dimensional nucleation and growth on the electrode surface. The transpassive region is attributed to the electroformation of PbO2. The cathodic half-cycle shows two cathodic peaks as well as a small shoulder at the extreme negative potential just before the hydrogen evolution. The mechanism of formation of the passive film is discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Atomic absorption spectroscopic, conductometric and colorimetric methods for determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics using ammonium reineckate ion-pair complex formation
Authors: Ragab, GH (Ragab, GH); Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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Three accurate, rapid and simple atomic absorption spectrometric, conductometric and colorimetric methods were developed for the determination of norfloxacin (NRF), ciprofloxacin (CIP), ofloxacin (OFL) and enrofloxacin (ENF). The proposed methods depend upon the reaction of ammonium reineckate with the studied drugs to form stable precipitate of ion-pair complexes, which was dissolved in acetone. The pink Coloured complexes were determined either by AAS or colorimetrically at lambda(max) 525 nm directly using the dissolved complex. Using conductometric titration, the studied drugs could be evaluated in 50% (v/v) acetone in the range 5.0-65, 4.0-48, 5.0-56 and 6.0-72 mug ml(-1) of NRF, CPF, OFL and ENF, respectively. The optimizations Of various experimental conditions were described. The results obtained showed good recoveries of 99.15 +/- 1.15, 99.30 +/- 1.40, 99.60 +/- 1.50, and 99.00 +/- 1.25% with relative standard deviations of 0.81, 1.06, 0.97, and 0.69% for NRF, CPF, OFL, and ENF, respectively. Applications of the proposed methods to representative pharmaceutical formulations are successfully presented. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: The temperature profile in the molten layer of a thin-film coated on a substrate induced by irradiation with a pulsed laser
Authors: Abd El-Ghany, SES (Abd El-Ghany, SES)
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The two-dimensional Laplace integral transform technique has been applied to get the temperature distributions in the molten layer of a thin-film coated on a substrate, the solid part of the film and the substrate during the irradiation with a pulsed laser. The derivation has taken into account the cooling and the temperature-dependent absorption coefficient of the irradiated surface. As an illustrative example computations were carried out on an aluminum thin-film coated on a glass substrate. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Gamma-oxo carboxylic acids in heterocyclic synthesis: part iv - synthesis of some pyridazines containing phthalyl and tosyl amino acids using dcc as the condensing agent
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, AA); Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF)
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3(2H)-Oxo-, 3-mercapto- or 3-amino-pyridazine derivatives 3,5 and 6 have been coupled with N-phthalyl- or N-tosylamino acids in one-step at room temperature by using N,N'-dicyclohcxylcarbodiimide as the condensing agent to furnish the corresponding 3-N-(phthalyl- or tosyl-amino acids) pyridazine derivatives (7-9)a-h, respectively. Hydrazinolysis of the N-phthalyl derivatives (7-9)a-d in methanol yields the corresponding unprotected derivatives (7-9)i-l. The anti-bacterial activity of the prepared compounds has been tested.

Title: The effect of cationic surfactants on the corrosion of aluminium in oxalic acid
Authors: El-Etre, A (El-Etre, A); Megahed, HE (Megahed, HE); Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M); Obied, MA (Obied, MA)
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The inhibition of aluminium corrosion in oxalic acid solution by three cationic surfacants was studied using potentiostatic and potentiodynamic polarization. It was found that the addition of any of the three used surfacants resulted in a decrease of the corrosion current, demonstrating the inhibition nature of these surfactants. The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing surface concentration as well as the number of ethylamine units. The results obtained are discussed in view of the adsorption of surfacant molecules on the aluminium surface. It was found the adsorption of surfacant molecules on the aluminium surface follows the Languir adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the inhibition efficiency was also studied. The results indicate that the inhibition efficiency decreases with increasing temperature. The activation energy of the system increases with the addition of surfacant; on the other hand, it was found that the addition of surfacant shifts the pitting potential of aluminium toward the active direction, indicating the accelerating effect on pitting corrosion. This finding is discussed in view of the effect of surfacant addition on the interfacial tension at the passive film/solution interface.

Title: Catalytic polymerization of n,n-diethanol acrylamide with phthalic anhydride in the presence of h-mordenite and fe-mordenite zeolites
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM); El-Hai, FA (El-Hai, FA)
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The H-mordenite zeolite catalyzes the polymerization of N,N-diethanol acrylamide (DEAA) with phthalic anhydride (PA) yielding polyesteramide (PEA) resin. The Fe modified mordenites showed lower activity than that of H-mordenite that presented high stability on multiple recycling. The formation of DEAA; the principal step in forming PEA, was occurred through the condensation reaction of diethanol amine (DEA) and acrylic acid (AA) with 91% selectivity in addition to 9% devoted for the corresponding ester (diethanol amine monoacrylate; DEMA). The IR spectroscopic study of DEAA formation in the presence of mordenite zeolite reveals the greater affinity of the reactants specifically AA to protons that are likely to be the initiators of the DEAA formation. The formation of ester was confirmed through the appearance of a band at 1735 cm(-1) attributed to the stretching vibration of C=O of ester groups. A possible reaction mechanism is proposed based on data reported in the literature and the results of the present investigation. The activation energy of the DEAA formation was found to be 35.5 kJ mol(-1), for non-catalyzed and 11.46 kJ mol(-1), for the H-mordenite catalyzed one. The acidic and textural properties of the catalytic samples have been measured using NH3 adsorption (at 150degreesC) and N-2 adsorption (at -196degreesC), respectively. The results obtained indicate the importance of the zeolite acid selectivity towards amide and ester formation. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Comparing numerical methods for helmholtz equation model problem
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); Kaya, D (Kaya, D)
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In this article, we implement a relatively new numerical technique, Adomian's decomposition method for solving the linear Helmholtz partial differential equations. The method in applied mathematics can be an effective procedure to obtain for the analytic and approximate solutions. A new approach to a linear or nonlinear problems is particularly valuable as a tool for Scientists and Applied Mathematicians, because it provides immediate and visible symbolic terms of analytic solution as well as its numerical approximate solution to both linear and nonlinear problems without linearization [Solving Frontier Problems of Physics: The Decomposition Method, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1994; J. Math. Anal. Appl. 35 (1988) 501]. It does also not require discretization and consequently massive computation. In this scheme the solution is performed in the form of a convergent power series with easily computable components. This paper will present a numerical comparison with the Adomian decomposition and a conventional finite-difference method. The numerical results demonstrate that the new method is quite accurate and readily implemented. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Non-isothermal studies for the decomposition course of cdc2o4-znc2o4 mixture in air
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, MA)
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The thermal decomposition of cadmium-zinc oxalate (1: 1 mol ratios) mixture in air was investigated by non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis. Intermediates and the final products were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. TG showed that the mixture dehydrated in two steps and decomposed exothermically to CdO-ZnO mixture at 390degreesC in a further two steps. The observed increase in the intensity of the X-ray diffraction lines by raising the calcination temperature from 400 to 800degreesC is attributed to the grain growth of CdO-ZnO mixture as revealed from SEM experiments. The kinetics of the oxalate decomposition steps was performed using the various reaction interface models and differential techniques of computational analysis of non-isothermal data. The activation parameters, calculated using the integral composite method, showed that the reactions were best described by the random nucleation model characteristic of solid state nucleation growth mechanism. The results of activation parameters for the different decomposition steps are compared and discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Charge-transfer complexes of phenylephrine with nitrobenzene derivatives
Authors: El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, EH)
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The molecular charge-transfer complexes of phenylephrine with picric acid and in-dinitrobenzene have been studied and investigated by IR, H-1 NMR electronic spectra in organic solvents and buffer solutions, respectively. Simple and selective methods are proposed for the determination of phenylephrine hydrochloride in bulk form and in tablets. The two methods are based on the formation of charge-transfer complexes between drug base as a n-donor (D) and picric acid, in-dinitrobenzene as pi-acceptor (A). The products exhibit absorption maxima at 497 and 560 nm in acetonitrile for picric acid and in-dinitrobenzene, respectively. The coloured product exhibits an absorption maximum at 650 nm in dioxane. The sensitive kinetic methods for the determination phynylephrine hydrochloride are described. The method is based upon a kinetic investigation of the oxidation reaction of the drug with alkaline potassium permanganate at room temperature for a fixed time at 20 min. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Acid dye removal: comparison of surfactant-modified mesoporous fsm-16 with activated carbon derived from rice husk
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM)
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Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified mesoporous molecular sieve FSM-16, prepared by a hydrothermal process (373 K, 3 days), was tested as an adsorbent for acid dye (acid yellow, AY, and acid blue, AB) removal in comparison with as-prepared FSM-16 and activated carbon (AC) derived from rice husk (50 vol% H3PO4, 773 K, 2.5 h). The adsorption isotherms, sorption kinetics, and pH effects upon acid dyes sorption on the adsorbents were thoroughly investigated. The structures of different adsorbents were characterized by XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, N-2 adsorption measurements, and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. It was found that the ultimate capacity of the adsorbents varied in the order FSM-16 > modified FSM-16 > AC and followed first-order rate kinetics. The adsorption isotherm of acid dyes on FSM-16 is of type IV, according to the IUPAC classification, drastically different from that of CTAB/FSM-16, which showed a type I isotherm. The latter sample had better adsorption performance at low concentration of acid dyes than the former. As compared to activated carbon of microporous character, the CTAB/FSM-16 sample achieved higher performance at low concentrations. This was due to the successful narrowing of the pore opening of FSM-16 using CTAB with maintenance of a considerable portion of the pore volume. Powder XRD and N-2 adsorption studies of the CTAB/FSM-16 material indicated that the textural properties of the support were preserved during the hydrothermal synthesis and that the channels remained accessible, despite a significant reduction in surface area (ca. 26%). TG studies, on the other hand, confirmed that the modified material presented a higher hydrophobicity than that of the CTAB-free FSM-16 sample. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: On positive definite solutions of the nonlinear matrix equation x+a(star)x(-n) a = i
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); Al-Dbiban, AM (Al-Dbiban, AM)
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In this paper, some properties of a positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation X + A(star) X-n = 1 are discussed. Effective iterative methods to obtain the smallest positive definite solution are established. Moreover, the necessary and sufficient conditions for existence the smallest positive definite solution are obtained. Finally, some numerical results are given. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Pitting corrosion behavior of lead in na2hpo4-nano3 solutions
Authors: El-Naggar, MM (El-Naggar, MM)
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The pitting corrosion behavior of lead in 0.10 M Na2HPO4 solutions containing various concentrations from NaNO3 has been studied using potentiodynamic anodic polarization and SEM techniques and complemented by both X-ray and FT-IR surface analysis. Above certain critical NaNO3 concentration, the aggressive anions prevented the oxygen evolution and induce pitting on the Pb electrode surface. Pitting-initiation and pitting-growth were found to depend on the concentration of the aggressive NO3- anions. Also, some changes in the (I - E) curves within the active, pre-passive and passive regions were recorded. These changes imply mainly the appearance of new stages and peaks. This behavior gives an indication for definite changes in the pit-characteristics, which interpreted in terms of solution composition and kinetics of its associated processes within pits. (C) 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Title: Concerning the cation distribution in mnfe2o4 synthesized through the thermal decomposition of oxalates
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, MA); Ata-Allah, SS (Ata-Allah, SS)
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A single phase manganese ferrite powder have been synthesized through the thermal decomposition reaction of MnC2O4.2H(2)O-FeC2O4.2H(2)O (1:2 mole ratio) mixture in air. DTA-TG, XRD, Mossbauer spectroscopy, FT-IR and SEM techniques were used to investigate the effect of calcination temperature on the mixture. Firing of the mixture in the range 300-500 degreesC produce ultra-fine particles of alpha-Fe2O3 having paramagnetic properties. XRD, Mossbauer spectroscopy as well as SEM experiments showed the progressive increase in the particle size of alpha-Fe2O3 up to 500 degreesC. DTA study reveals an exothermic phase transition at 550 degreesC attributed to the formation of a Fe2O3-Mn2O3 solid solution which persists to appear up to 1000 degreesC. At 1100 degreesC, the single phase MnFe2O4 with a cubic structure predominated. The Mossbauer effect spectrum of the produced ferrite exhibits normal Zeeman split sextets due to Fe(3+)ions at tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites. The obtained cation distribution from Mossbauer spectroscopy is (Fe0.92Mn0.08)[Fe1.08Mn0.92]O-4. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Degradation of benzene, toluene ethylbenzene and p-xylene (btex) in aqueous solutions using uv/h2o2 system
Authors: Daifullah, AHA (Daifullah, AHA); Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM)
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The homogeneous degradation of benzene (B), toluene (T), ethylbenzene (E) and p-xylene (X) (BTEX) was studied in aqueous solutions, at pH 3.0, of hydrogen peroxide (5.8 mM) under UV irradiation in a photoreactor equipped with a 300 nm lamp of light intensity 3.5 x 10(-5) Ein L(-1)min(-1). BTEX was substantially degraded by the H2O2/UV system, with >90% disappearing in 10 min of irradiation. The decomposition of BTEX was studied either as single or as multi-component systems. The effects of irradiation time, amounts of H2O2 in molar ratios, rate of degradation and competition between components were thoroughly examined. It can be stated that the rate of BTEX degradation in mixture was higher than those for the individual components due to external effects of the absorption of UV fight by the mixture, and their effects on enhancing the formation of OH. radicals. The appropriate figure of merit, the electrical energy per mass (EE/M), was estimated at various molar ratios and it was confirmed that the best value was the one depicted for p-xylene (0.065 kWh kg(-1)). A theoretical model for the degradation pathway was proposed. (C) 2004 Society of Chemical Industry.

Title: A numerical simulation and explicit solutions of the generalized burgers-fisher equation
Authors: Kaya, D (Kaya, D); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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We consider solitary-wave solutions of the generalized Burgers-Fisher (BF) equation u(l) + pu(r)u(x) - u(xx) - qu(1 - u(r)) = 0. In this paper by considering the decomposition scheme, we first obtain the exact solutions of the generalized BF equation for the initial condition without using any classical transformations and then its numerical solutions are constructed without using any discretization technique. The numerical solutions are compared with the known analytical solutions. Its remarkable accuracy is finally demonstrated in the study of some values r greater than or equal to 2 of the generalized BF equation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of diamagnetic substitution on the structural, electrical and magnetic properties of cofe2o4
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, MA); Ata-Allah, SS (Ata-Allah, SS)
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Polycrystalline samples with the general formula Col-xCdxFe2O4 (0 less than or equal to X less than or equal to 1) were synthesized by calcining the respective oxalates mixtures at 1000 degreesC for 5 h. Their structural, electrical and magnetic properties are studied using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and Mossbauer spectroscopy, and electrical conductivity and magnetic susceptibility techniques. With cadmium ion substitution, the lattice parameter, X-ray density, oxygen parameter, inversion factor and radii of tetrahedral and octahedral sites are calculated. The Fourier transform infrared spectra showed two dominant bands in the high- and low-frequency range which are assigned to the tetrahedral and octahedral complexes, respectively. The relationship between bands position and cadmium content was also investigated. The Mossbauer spectroscopy was carried out to study the cation distribution in this system. It was found that ions at octahedral site moved to the tetrahedral site, and that this system varied from an inverse to a normal spinel structure. The temperature variation of the conductivity showed a definite kink, except for the CdFe2O4 sample, which corresponds to the ferrimagnetic to paramagnetic transitions. The effective magnetic moment of the samples and their Curie temperature were observed to decrease by the substitution effect. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: The fluid flow in the thin films between the immobile conic surface
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, GM (Abdel-Rahman, GM)
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In this paper, we shall use the averaged clearance method to solve the equation of stationary pressure distribution in the flow between the conic bodied and realized in a PC (IBM computer system). This method take into accounts of quantity, location and dimensions of the feeders, in case of the flow in thin films between the immobile conic surfaces. Numerical results were presented in the form of non-dimensional charts for radial, axial loads capacity and mass flow rate. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Fossil palm woods of egypt: ii. seven tertiary palmoxylon species new to the country
Authors: El-Saadawi, W (El-Saadawi, W); Youssef, SG (Youssef, SG); Kamal-El-Din, MM (Kamal-El-Din, MM)
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Descriptions, comparisons and affinities are given for the following Late Eocene-Early Miocene new, to Egypt, records: Palmoxylon compactum Sahni, Palmoxylon geometricum Sahni, Palmoxylon indicum Sahni, Palmoxylon pondicherriense Sahni, Palmoxylon pyriforme Sahni, Palmoxylon rewahense Sahni and Palmoxylon wadiai Sahni. Comments on the geologic ages of the compared Palmoxylon species, Indian Plate migration, palaeogeography and palaeoclimates are given. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: The relation between gt(i)-spaces and fuzzy proximity spaces, g-compact spaces, fuzzy uniform spaces
Authors: Bayoumi, F (Bayoumi, F); Ibedou, I (Ibedou, I)
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In this paper, we study the relation between the fuzzy separation axioms, which had been introduced by the authors in 2001, and the fuzzy proximity defined by Katsaras in 1980. We study also the relation between our fuzzy separation axioms and the G-compactness defined by Gahler in 1995. Moreover, we show here the relation between these fuzzy separation axioms and the fuzzy uniform structures introduced and studied by Gahler and the first author in 1998. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Polyamide compounds as inhibitors for corrosion of aluminum in oxalic acid solutions
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M); Megahed, HE (Megahed, HE); Ei-Etre, AY (Ei-Etre, AY); Obied, MA (Obied, MA); Mabrouk, EM (Mabrouk, EM)
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The effect of two polyamide compounds on the corrosion behavior of aluminum metal in oxalic acid solution was investigated using potentiostatic and. potentiodynamic anodic polarisation techniques. The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing polyamide concentration until a critical value and. then starts to decrease in high polymer concentrations, indicating a low inhibition efficiency. The inhibitive behavior of these compounds is discussed in terms of adsorption of the polyamide compounds on the metal surface and formation of insoluble complexes. The adsorption process is found to obey Temkin adsorption isotherm. The pitting potential varies with concentration of chloride ions according to a linear relationship. The addition of polyamide compounds shift the pitting potential of aluminum electrode to more positive potentials, indicating an increased resistance to pitting attack.

Title: Spectrophotometric microdetermination of nefopam, mebevrine and phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations using alizarins
Authors: Shama, SA (Shama, SA); Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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dSimple and rapid spectrophotometric procedures have been established for quantitation of nefopam hydrochloride (NF) mebevrine hydrochloride (MB) and phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride (PP). The procedures are based on the reaction between the examined drugs (NF, MB and PP) and alizarin (I), alizarin red S (II), alizarin yellow G (III) and quinalizarin (IV) producing ion-pair complexes which can be measured at the optimum wavelength. The optimization of the reaction conditions is investigated. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 0.5-30.0 mug ml(-1). The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits are also calculated. The correlation coefficient was greater than or equal to0.9988 (n = 6) with a relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of less than or equal to 1.3, for six determinations of 20 mug ml(-1). The methods are successfully applied to the determination of NF, MB and PP in their pharmaceutical formulations. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Azelotropy in terpolymerizations
Authors: Azab, MM (Azab, MM)
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Ternary copolymerization of tri-n-butyltin acrylate (BTA) with methyl acrylate (MA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), styrene (ST), acrylonitrile (AN) and N-methacryloyloxytetrabromophthalimide (NMTP) was carried out in solution at 65degreesC in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as a free radical initiator. Experimental terpolymerization data agree well with calculations based on the Alfrey-Goldfinger equation. The determination of unitary, binary and ternary azeotropes of the systems studied was easily handled by a computer program. Ternary azeotropic compositions for BTA-NMTP-ST and BTA-NMTP-AN were 71:8:21 and 25:25:50 mol%, respectively. Selective unitary and binary azeotropic compositions were polymerized and the 26:20:54 results obtained show good agreement between the theoretical and experimental terpolymer compositions for each case. Also, pseudo-azeotropic regions were identified where the deviation between feed and polymer composition is very small. The azeotropic points of the four systems were confirmed using Turasov et al's equations and were found to have satisfactory results. (C) 2004 Society of Chemical Industry.

Title: Influence of medium modified angular distributions and mean field on the quasielastic and inelastic peaks of neutrons induced by 1.2 gev protons on targets with 27
Authors: Abdel-Waged, K (Abdel-Waged, K)
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An analysis of the quasielastic and inelastic peaks of neutrons induced by 1.2 GeV protons on targets with 27less than or equal toAless than or equal to232 is presented using the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model. Two distinct contributions of the nuclear medium are studied in the UrQMD framework, referred to as "in-medium" and "mean field" effects. The former only includes modifications to the NN-elastic and NN-->NDelta angular distributions as well as changes to the Delta-mass distribution. The latter incorporates the (QMD) interaction potential between nucleons. It is shown that in-medium effect produces an important role for enhancing the quasi-inelastic peak, while the mean field effect enhances the intensity of both peaks and becomes important in the quasielastic region. The introduction of both effects in the UrQMD calculations improves the intensity and location of the quasielastic and inelastic peaks. A rather smooth dependence of the integrated cross sections of the quasielastic and inelastic peaks on the mass number at both angles is also found and shown to be in qualitative agreement with the UrQMD incorporating these two effects.

Title: Hexafluoroacetone as protecting and activating reagent. a new approach to n-linked glycopeptoids
Authors: Burger, K (Burger, K); Bottcher, C (Bottcher, C); Hennig, L (Hennig, L); Essawy, SA (Essawy, SA)
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A preparatively simple synthesis of N-linked glycopeptoids starting from iminodiacetic acid and glvcosylamines, using hexafluoroacetone as protecting and activating reagent is described.

Title: Hexafluoroacetone as protecting and activating reagent. a new approach to n-glycosides
Authors: Bottcher, C (Bottcher, C); Spengler, J (Spengler, J); Essawy, SA (Essawy, SA); Burger, K (Burger, K)
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N-Glycosides of Asn and homologues have been synthesized starting from hexafluoroacetone-protected omega-activated Asp, Glu, and Aad derivatives and glycosylamines. The synthetic value of the new building blocks was demonstrated by the concise incorporation of N-glycosylated Asn, Gln, and Aad omega-amides into glycopeptides.

Title: Effect of gamma-radiation on electrical properties in glasses of agi-ag2o-v2o2-p2o5 system
Authors: El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, MG); Bayoumy, WAA (Bayoumy, WAA)
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Five glasses of the AgI-Ag2O-V2O5-P2O5 system exhibiting mixed electronic-ionic conduction were prepared and irradiated by gamma-rays. The structures of the irradiated and unirradiated glasses were studied using density, FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron spin resonance (ESR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The electrical conductivity (sigma), dielectric constant (epsilon') and dielectric loss (epsilon") for the irradiated and unirradiated glasses are also investigated over a temperature range between 300-380 K and at a frequency from dc to 10(6) Hz. Both components of ionic sigma(i) and electronic sigma(e) conductivities were separated from the total conductivity sigma(tot) = sigma(i) + sigma(e) using impedance spectroscopy method. The temperature dependencies of electronic and ionic conductivities as well as corresponding transference numbers were studied. The activation energy values E-e and E-i for both conduction processes were determined. The temperature dependence of epsilon' showed an increase in epsilon' with T. Each of epsilon' and epsilon" was found to be dependent on the composition of the glass matrix. The effect of both gamma-radiation and the framework composition of the glass on the electrical properties have been discussed.

Title: Potentiometric and thermodynamic studies of some metal complexes with anticarcinogenic derivative
Authors: Yasin, SA (Yasin, SA); El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, EH); Mabrouk, EM (Mabrouk, EM)
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The proton-ligand dissociation constant and metal-ligand stability constants of 7-sulfamerazine-azo-5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline (H2L) with some transition metal ions were calculated. The stability constants of the complexes with divalent transition metal ions such as Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and Cu2+ are determined potentiometrically in 0.1 M KCl containing 40% (v/v) ethanol-water mixture. The order of the stability constants of the complexes was found to be Mn2+ < Co2+ < Ni2+ < Cu2+. The effect of temperature was studied and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters such as free energy change (DeltaG), enthalpy change (DeltaH) and entropy change (DeltaS) were determined and discussed. The dissociation process of the ligand was found to be non-spontaneous, endothermic and entropically unfavourable. The formation of the metal-ligand complexes has been found to be spontaneous, endothermic and entropically favourable at higher temperatures.

Title: Inhibition of acidic corrosion of carbon steel by some mono and bis azo dyes based on 1,5 dihydroxynaphihalene
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M); Moustafa, ME (Moustafa, ME)
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Inhibition of the corrosion of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution by some mono- and bis-azo dyes based on 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene was studied in relation to the concentration of inhibitors using weight loss and potentiostatic polarization techniques. The percentage inhibition efficiency calculated from two methods is in a good agreement with each other. The inhibition mechanism of the additives was ascribed to the formation of complex compound adsorbed on the metal surface. The adsorption process follows Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The formation of the complex compound was studied by conductometric and potentiometric titrations. The stability constants of the Fe-complexes were determined using the latter technique and related to the inhibition efficiency.

Title: Adomian's decomposition method applied to systems of nonlinear algebraic equations
Authors: Kaya, D (Kaya, D); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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In this paper an algorithm based on Adomian's decomposition method is developed to approximate the solution of systems of nonlinear algebraic equations F(X) = 0. Special cases of the system of nonlinear equations are solved using the algorithm of the decomposition method. It turns out that the convergence of this algorithm is rapid. The decomposition method has the advantage of being more concise for numerical purposes. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of aspartate polymer complexes
Authors: El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, EH)
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Oligomeric polyester, namely poly(tetramethylene asparate) (PTMA), was synthesized From D,L-aspartic acid and 1,4-butanediol by a melt codensation technique. Polyester-metal complexes were synthesized by the reaction of PTMA with hydrated acetates of Fe(III), Pd(IV), and UO2(II) in DMSO. The polyester-metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, UV-Vis, IR spectral studies, magnetic susceptibility measurements and H-1-NMR. Mossbauer spectra of mixed samples of Pd-PTMA and Fe(II)-PTMA with a ratio of 1 : 2 mol showed the iron(III) oxide formed in early stages of the decomposition at 250degreesC is mainly fine-grained and as the temperature is increased, well-crystalline hematic is formed. Above 250degreesC, the Mossbauer spectrum showed the typical six-line pattern of magnetically oriented Fe(III) oxide, but at 800degreesC, the spectrum showed quadrupole interaction characteristic of PdFe2O4, spinel. The metal ions were found to be six-coordinated with two water molecules as additional ligands besides oxygen and nitrogen atoms of polyester repeating units. Thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TG) showed that co-ordination polymers are thermally more stable than polyester; the activation parameters for both decomposition steps were calculated and discussed. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 942-947, 2004.

Title: Effect of ceria-doped titania on the structure and acidic properties of moo3/tio2 catalysts
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM)
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To explore the influence of CeO2 doped TiO2 Support on the dispersion, structure and acidic properties of molybdenum oxide species, an investigation was undertaken by using XRD, N-2 adsorption, FTIR and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance techniques in addition to in situ FTIR-pyridine study. In this work, the MoO3/TiO2 and MoO3/TiO2(CeO2) samples were prepared, at the 8 wt.% Mo loading, by incipient wetness impregnation method. The characterization results suggest that the Mo state in the calcined (773 K) MoO3/TiO2 sample is in X-ray amorphous character and exhibit reasonably higher specific surface area (319 m(2) g(-1)) than that of MoO3/TiO2 (CeO2) (273 m(2) g(-1)). The former support also accommodates a sub-monolayer equivalent of MoO3 (8 wt.%) in a highly dispersed state. The UV-Vis spectra indicated that the dispersed Mo in the MoO3/TiO2 sample is in tetrahedral coordination where it is in octahedral coordination on the MoO3/TiO2(CeO2) sample that showed discrete amounts of bulk MoO3 species. It was revealed also that the presence of Ce retarded the strong association rendered between molybdena, and titania and thus, an over-layer of MoO3 was detected; as indicated by IR spectroscopy (1067 cm(-1)), paralleled with an appearance of high intense and sharp XRD lines of TiO2 proposing sintering of the support. The latter result brings up activation of the TiO2 anatase as discrete phase in MoO3/TiO2 (CeO2) as detected from UV-Vis; 380-400 nm. In situ FTIR spectra of pyridine adsorbed on the samples have revealed the following results (i) all the samples exhibit Lewis and Bronsted acid sites (ii) the TiMo and TiCeMo samples exhibit higher Bronsted acidity (1645-1636 and 1543 cm(-1)) than that of TiCe and rather presented basic sites similar to those offered by TiCe but of lower concentration. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Antibacterial drugs as corrosion inhibitors for corrosion of aluminium in hydrochloric solution
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M)
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The corrosion behavior of aluminium in 2 M HCl solution in the absence and presence of four compounds of antibacterial drug was investigated using hydrogen evolution, weight loss, and potentiostatic polarization techniques. It was found that, the inhibition efficiency of these compounds depends on their concentration and chemical structure. The inhibitive action of these compounds was discussed in terms of blocking the electrode surface by adsorption of the molecules through the active centers contained in their structure. The adsorption process follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the rate of corrosion in the absence and presence of these compounds was also, studied. Some activated thermodynamic parameters were computed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Lipschitz stability with perturbing liapunov functionals
Authors: Soliman, AA (Soliman, AA)
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In this paper, we will discuss the notion of Lipschitz and Lipschitz phi(0)-stability for systems of functional differential equations employing the method of perturbed Liapunov functionals. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: A novel membrane sensor for histamine h1-receptor antagonist "fexofenadine"
Authors: Abbas, MN (Abbas, MN); Fattah, AAA (Fattah, AAA); Zahran, E (Zahran, E)
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The construction and general performance of thirteen new polymeric membrane sensors for the determination of fexofenadine hydrochloride based on its ion exchange with reineckate, tetraphenylborate and tetraiodomercurate have been studied. The effects of membrane composition, type of plasticizer, pH value of sample solution and concentration of the analyte in the sensor internal solution have been thoroughly investigated. The novel sensor based on reineckate exchanger shows a stable, potentiometric response for fexofenadine in the concentration range of 1 x 10(-2) - 2.5 x 10(-6) M at 25degreesC that is independent of pH in the range of 2.0 - 4.5. The sensor possesses a Nernstian cationic slope of 62.3 +/- 0.7 mV/concentration decade and a lower detection limit of 1.3 x 10(-6) M with a fast response time of 20 - 40 s. Selectivity coefficients for a number of interfering ions and excipients relative to fexofenadine were investigated. There is negligible interference from almost all studied cations, anions, and pharmaceutical excipients, however, citrizine that has a structure homologous to that of fexofenadine was found to interfere. The determination of fexofenadine in aqueous solution shows an average recovery of 99.83% with a mean relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.5%. Direct potentiometric determination of fexofenadine in tablets gave results that compare favorably with those obtained by standard spectrophotometric methods. Potentiometric titration of fexofenadine with phosphomolybdic acid as a titrant has been monitored with the proposed sensor as an end point indicator electrode.

Title: Cyclic voltammetric studies of carbon steel in deaerated nahco3 solution
Authors: El-Naggar, MM (El-Naggar, MM)
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The voltammetric response of per-cathodic activated carbon steel electrode in deaerated 0.50 M NaHCO3 solution at pH 8.72 and 25degreesC at a scan rate of 25 mV s(-1) was investigated. The influence of cycling, potential excursion and scanning rate on the anodic behavior was studied. The results revealed a specific effect of HCO3- ions on the overall anodic process. The complex reaction pathways involving possible competitive anodic consecutive steps and related intermediates were discussed and summarized.

Title: A numerical solution of the klein-gordon equation and convergence of the decomposition method
Authors: Kaya, D (Kaya, D); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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The decomposition method for solving the Klein-Gordon equation has been implemented. The explicit and numerical solutions of the equation are calculated in the form of convergent power series with easily computable components. The present method performs extremely well in terms of accuracy, efficiency, simplicity, stability and reliability. We also proved the convergence of Adomian's decomposition method for the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: On stability for impulsive perturbed systems via cone-valued lyapunov function method
Authors: Soliman, AA (Soliman, AA)
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The notion of phi(0)-stability recently was introduced. In this paper, we will extend this notion to the so-called eventual phi(0)-stability for impulsive systems of differential equations under more relax conditions. Our technique depends on Lyapunov's direct method. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Title: An application of the adm to seven-order sawada-kotara equations
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); Kaya, D (Kaya, D)
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We implemented the Adomian decomposition method (for short, ADM) for approximating the solution of the seventh-order Sawada-Kotera (for short, sSK) and a Lax's seventh-order KdV (for short, LsKdV) equations. By using this scheme, explicit exact solution is calculated. We obtain the exact solitary-wave solutions and numerical solutions of the LsKdV and sSK equations for the initial conditions. The numerical solutions are compared with the known analytical solutions. Their remarkable accuracy are finally demonstrated for the both seven-order equations. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of certain cephalosporins in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Ragab, GH (Ragab, GH)
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A simple and reproducible spectrophotometeric method for the assay of cefotaxime sodium, cefuroxime sodium, and ceftriaxone disodium with metol-chromium(VI) reagent has been developed. The procedure is based on direct oxidation of metol by potassium dichromate in presence of drug in acidic medium and subsequent formation of ternary complex. Beer's law is obeyed in the range 0.2-28 mug ml(-1) at lambda(max) 520 nm. For more accurate analysis, Ringbom optimum concentration range is found to be 0.8-26.5 mug ml(-1). The molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity were calculated. Six replicate analysis of solutions containing seven different concentrations of the examined drugs were carried out and gave a mean correlation coefficient less than or equal to0.9996; the factors of the regression line equation for the three cephalosporins were calculated. The proposed method was applied to the determination of the examined drugs in pharmaceutical formulations and the results demonstrated that the method is equally accurate, precise, and reproducible as the official methods. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: New heterocycles having double characters; as antimicrobial and surface active agents. part 1: nonionic compounds from fatty acid isothiocyanate
Authors: Amine, MS (Amine, MS); Eissa, AMF (Eissa, AMF); El-Sawy, AA (El-Sawy, AA); Shaaban, AF (Shaaban, AF); El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R)
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Fatty acids isothiocyanate (1) was used as a starting material to synthesize some important heterocycles such as triazoles, oxazoles, thiazoles, benzoxazoles and quinazolines by treating with different types of nucleophiles such as nitrogen nucleophiles, oxygen nucleophiles, and sulfur nucleophiles. The produced compounds were subjected to propylene oxide in different moles (n = 3, 5 and 7) to produce novel groups of nonionic compounds having the double function as antimicrobial and surface active agents which can be used in the manufacturing of drugs, cosmetics, pesticides or can be used as antibacterial and/or antifungal. The physical properties as surface and interfacial tension, cloud point, foaming height, wetting time, emulsification power and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) were determined, antimicrobial and biodegradability were also determined.

Title: The decomposition method for solving (2+1)-dimensional boussinesq equation and (3+i)-dimensional kp equation
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); Kaya, D (Kaya, D)
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We study the solitary-wave solutions of the (2 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation u(tt)-u(xx)-u(yy)-(u(2))(xx)-u(xxxx)= 0 and (3 + 1)-dimensional KP equation u(xt)-6u(x)(2) + 6uu(xx)-u(xxxx)-u(yy)-u(zz)=0. In this paper by considering the decomposition scheme, we first obtain the exact solitary-wave solutions of the (2 + I)-dimensional Boussinesq equation and (3 +1)-dimensional KP equation for the initial conditions without using any classical transformations and then its numerical solutions are constructed without using any discretization technique. The numerical solutions are compared with the known analytical solutions. Its remarkable accuracy is finally demonstrated in the study of (2 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation and (3 + 1)-dimensional KP equation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: On the numerical solution of the system of two-dimensional burgers' equations by the decomposition method
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); Kaya, D (Kaya, D)
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Adomian's decomposition method (ADM) is proposed to approximate the numerical and analytical solutions of system two-dimensional Burgers' equations (STDBE) with initial conditions. The advantages of this work are the decomposition method reduces the computational work and improvement with regard to its accuracy and rapid convergence. Some examples are given to illustrate the performance of the method described. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Flow of a non-newtonian power law through a conical bearing in an applied magnetic field
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, GM (Abdel-Rahman, GM)
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This paper concerns the analytical study of the non-isothermal flow of a non-Newtonian power law lubricant through the gap of a conical bearing when an external magnetic field is applied. At first, the more general basic equations of motion, continuity and energy in curvilinear form in the width direction are derived. Then, as a special case, a conical bearing gap is considered. By integrating a modified form of Reynolds equation the bearing characteristics for a non-Newtonian power law lubricant when an external magnetic field is applied are obtained. Numerical results were presented in each of these forms: pressure, temperature and capacity of the conical bearing. The effects of the parameters of the non-Newtonian power law and magnetic field are shown and discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: A convenient synthesis and pharmacological activity of novel annelated pyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, AA)
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Simple and convenient synthesis for a series of 2,3-diglycosylpyrimidine 4, pyrazolo [3,4]-pyrimidine 8, ditetrazolo [1,5-a; 1',5'-c] pyrimidine 9,2,9a,10-triazaanthracene 12, thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 14,1,3,5,7-tetraazafluorene-8-one 15, 1,3,5-triazafluorene-8-one 16,1,3-diazafluorene 21a,b derivatives have been synthesized via a sequence of heterocyclization reactions of suitably functionalized 6-[5-(4-bromophenyl)oxazol-4-yl]-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (2) with different electrophiles and nucleophiles. The new compounds were prepared with the objective to study their pharmacological properties.

Title:
Authors:
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The synthesis of Ce3+, Th4+, and UO22+ complexes with six azo compounds based on 4-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-8-arylazo coumarin is reported. The azo compounds were expected to coordinate through O and N either in the azo or in the hydrazone form, but different physicochemical studies (elemental and thermal analysis, molar conductance, IR, magnetic susceptibility, H-1-NMR, and electronic absorption spectra) show that they coordinate via O, O with the coumarins acting as mono (or sometimes di-) basic and bidentate ligands. Biological activity of some complexes has been evaluated against some filamentous microscopic fungi, yeast, and bacteria. The results are compared to those of the free ligands.

Title: Synthesis and copolymerization reactions of p-acryloyloxybenzoic acid with organotin monomers
Authors: Azab, MM (Azab, MM)
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p-Acryloyloxybenzoic acid (PAB) was prepared by the reaction of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and acryloyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine. Triphenyltin acrylate (TPTA), triphenyltin methacrylate (TPTMA), p-acryloyloxytriphenyltin benzoate (TPTB) and triphenyltin itaconate (TPTI) monomers were prepared by the reactions of acrylic, methacrylic, p-acryloyloxybenzoic and itaconic acids, respectively, with triphenyltin hydroxide in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCI) as a dehydrating agent. Binary copolymerizations of PAB with TPTA, TPTMA, TPTB and TPTI were performed in dimethylformamide (DMF) using 1 mol% azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator at 65 degreesC. The structures of the monomers and copolymers were investigated by IR and H-1 NMR spectrometry. The composition of the copolymers was determined by tin analysis. Copolymerization parameters for each system were calculated by both the Fineman-Ross and Kelen-Tudos methods. The monomer reactivity ratios for the four systems studied, PAB-TPTA, PAB-TPTMA, PAB-TPTB and PAB-TPTI, were found to be r(1) = 0.468, r(2) = 2.096; r(1) = 0.43S, r(2) = 2.292; r(1) = 0.449, r(2) = 2.22S and r(1) = 0.416, r(2) = 4.526, respectively. The average Q and e values for the prepared organotin monomers were calculated. (C) 2004 Society of Chemical Industry.

Title: Synthesis and characterisation of organotin phthalimide polymers
Authors: Khalil, AA (Khalil, AA)
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Purpose - To prepare and characterise organotin polymers via a new synthetic route by exchange reactions of poly-N-acryloyloxy- and poly-N-methacryloyloxy-tetrabromophthalimide with hydroxy- and aminotri-n-butyltin benzoates. Design/methodology/approach - Preparation of N-acryloyloxytetrabromophthalimide (NATP) and N-methacryloyloxytetrabromophthalimide (NMTP) by the reaction of N-hydroxytetrabromo-phthalimide with acryloyl or methacryloyl chloride. The exchange reactions of the resulting polymers with amino and hydroxytri-n-butyltin benzoate were carried out. The structure of the resulting compounds was characterised. Findings - NATP and NMTP were prepared by the reaction of N-hydroxy-tetrabromophthalimide with acryloyl or methacryloyl chloride in the presence of TEA. The monomers prepared were easily polymerised. The exchange reactions of poly-NATP and poly-NMTP with amino and hydroxytri-n-butyltin benzoate were studied. The structure of the polymers and copolymers prepared was confirmed by tin analysis, IR and (HNR)-H-1 spectroscopy. Research limitations/implications - The new monomer described in the present investigation may be useful for the preparation of organotin polymers by a new synthetic route. Also, the organotin polymers prepared had good film properties and were suitable for film formation. Practical implications - The method for the preparation of monomer is simple and the exchange reactions provide a simple and practical solution for preparation of some classes of organotin polymers and copolymers. Originality/value - The method of preparation of organotin polymers was novel and may be useful for preparation of other organotin polymers and copolymers.

Title: Exchange reactions of poly-2(n-phthalimido)ethyl acrylate with hydroxy and amino compounds
Authors: Khalil, AA (Khalil, AA)
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Purpose - To determine the optimal general condition for the synthesis and polymerisation of 2-(N-phthalimido)ethyl acrylate (NPEA), as well as the exchange reactions of poly-NPEA with aminated and hydroxylated compounds as a model compound. Design/methodology/approach - Preparation of 2-(N-phthalimido)ethyl acrylate by the reaction of N-(2-hydroxyethyl) phthalimide with acrylic acid and polymerisation of the resulting monomer. The exchange reactions of the resulting polymer with amines and hydroxy compounds were carried out. The structure of the resulting compounds were characterised. Findings - NPEA was prepared by the reaction of N-(hydroxyethyl)phthalimide with acrylic acid. The monomer prepared was easily polymerised. The reactions of the resulting polymer with amines and hydroxy compounds were studied. In all cases, the exchange reactions were almost practically quantitative, which was confirmed by elemental analysis, IR and (HNMR)-H-1 spectroscopy. Also, it was clear that poly-NPEA showed a good behaviour as a model compound for a long active polymeric-drug. Research limitations/implications - The new monomer described in the present investigation may be useful for the preparation of polymeric-drug adducts. Also, similar monomeric phthalimides may be synthesised starting from a number of other hydroxy or amino acids, thus providing wider possibilities for the synthesis of pharmacologically active polymers. Practical implications - The method for preparation of monomer is simple and the exchange reactions provide a simple and practical solution to prepare some classes of macromolecular drugs. Originality/value - The method of preparation of polymers was novel and may be useful for preparation of polymeric-drug adducts.

Title: Preparation of new organotin polymers via exchange reactions
Authors: Azab, MM (Azab, MM); El-Dougdoug, WIA (El-Dougdoug, WIA)
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Purpose - Preparation of new organotin polymers via a new synthetic route based on the exchange reactions of pentachlorophenyl acrylate or methacrylate with amino-tri-phenyltin benzoates or hydroxyl-tri-phenyltin benzoates. Design/methodology/approach - The pentachlorophenyl acrylate or methacrylate was prepared by polymerisation in solution with azobisisobutyrontrile as a free radical initiator. The polymers obtained were allowed to undergo exchange reactions with amino-tri-phenyltin benzoates or hydroxyl-tri-phenyltin benzoates. The structure of the polymers prepared was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. Films were prepared from purified organotin polymers solution on glass, PVC and tin plates. The release of tin compound from the films, when immersed in aqueous media, was assessed. The concentration of the released tin (ppm) was measured by atomic adsorption spectrophotometer. Findings - The new synthetic route was effective, the organotin polymers prepared had good film properties and the release of tin compounds increased with the content of tin in the organotin polymers. Research limitations/implications - The alkaline resistance of the polymeric films prepared needs improvement. Practical implications - The polymers prepared provide a family of effective polymeric fungicide useful for a number of applications including water sterilisation. Originality/value - The polymers prepared contained pendent triphenyltin moieties which slowly hydrolysed to give fungicidal and antifouling effects.

Title: Synthesis of novel heterocycles with antimicrobial and surface activity
Authors: El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R); Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF); Aly, AA (Aly, AA)
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A new series of anionic surfactants with dual type of activity antimicrobial and surface activity have been synthesized by reaction of 4H-3,1-benzoxazinone 3 and quinazolinethione 10 with nitrogen nucleophiles and activated olefinic compounds. The compounds were evaluated for their surface activity as well as their antimicrobial and biodegradability properties.

Title: Selective spectrophotometric investigation and determination with some thiazolylazo compounds, of palladium(ii), or of tartaric acid in the presence of niobium(v)
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, IS)
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Spectrophotometric investigation of palladium(II) or of tartaric acid in presence of niobium(V) were conducted using their colour reactions with 5-(benzothiazolyl-azo)2,5-naphthalenediol (I), 1-(2-benzothiazolylazo)2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid (II) and 5-(2-benzothiazolylazo)8-hydroxyquinoline (III) in acidic medium, or weak acidic medium. The stoichiometric ratios and stability constants of the formed complexes were determined. The calibration graphs were linear in the range of 0.02-1.35, 0.02-1.20, and 0.02-1.10 mugmL(-1) of Pd2+ with apparent molar absorptivities of 6.15 x 10(4), 7.27 x 10(4) and 5.80 x 10(4), L mol(-1) cm(-1) using I, II, and III, respectively, at lambda(max) 638, 677, and 656 nm. On the other hand, calibration graphs for tartaric acid in the presence of Nb5+ were linear in the 0.01-1.60, 0.01-1.7, and 0.01-1.45 mug mL(-1) range with s of 1.27 x 10(5), 1.13 x 10(5), and 1.45 x 10(5) L mol(-1) cm(-1) at 692, 649, and 661 nm, respectively. Sandell sensitivity, detection, and quantification limits were also calculated. The proposed methods were selective and sensitive in comparison with other methods and the effect of foreign ions Cu2+, Ni2+, and Fe2+ was negligible for the assay of Pd2+.

Title: Electrical properties of clustered and precipitated iron in silicon
Authors: Khalil, R (Khalil, R); Kveder, V (Kveder, V); Schroter, W (Schroter, W); Seibt, M (Seibt, M)
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Deep electronic states associated with iron silicide precipitates have been studied by means of deep-level transient spectroscopy. The observed spectra show the characteristic features of bandlike states at extended defects, From the stability of the states on annealing at moderate temperature they are tentatively attributed to precipitate-matrix interfaces.

Title: Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of n-{4-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-oxiranecarbonyl]phenyl}-2-(1,1,3-trioxo-1,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-2-yl)acetamide
Authors: El-Shenawy, AI (El-Shenawy, AI)
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Epoxide derivative II was used to synthesize a number of new condensed and noncondensed heterocyclic systems. Thus, reaction of II with amines, hydrazines, active methylene compounds and Friedel-Crafts reactions have been studied. On the other hand, II reacted with Grignard reagents and afforded products with an open epoxide ring. However, II condensed with thiourea and glycine gave oxazolinethione and 2-morpholinone derivatives. Also, II reacted with acetic acid and gave hydroxypropanoyl derivative. Action of different nitriles with II gave the hydroxy amide derivatives, which underwent cyclization and afforded 2-oxazoline derivatives.

Title: Study of backward, forward shower and grey particles production from the interactions of o-16 with emulsion nuclei at 4.5 a gev/c (vol 18, pg 155, 2004)
Authors: Abd-Elhalim, SM (Abd-Elhalim, SM)
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Title: Relaxation phenomena in edamn(1-x)cd(x)cl4 perovskite; 0
Authors: Ahmed, MA (Ahmed, MA); Bishay, ST (Bishay, ST); Gabal, MA (Gabal, MA); Helmy, N (Helmy, N)
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The electrical properties measurements were carried out for the complex (CH2)(2)Mn1-xCdxCl4, 0.0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 1.0 at different temperatures as a function of frequency (100-1000 kHz). Four transition points were obtained for x = 0.5, which were assigned as thermochroism, interlayer exchange interaction, order-disorder and chain melting transition. The presence of more than one straight line in the conductivity data clarifies the presence of more than one conduction mechanism, and the calculated values of the activation energy indicate the semiconducting characteristics of the investigated complexes. The values of the relaxation time depend on Cd-content as well as the heating temperature. The expected critical concentration at x = 0.5 agrees well with the percolation theory of Mont-Carlo group. The IR spectra indicate that, the force constant of the bonds and the atomic mass vibration are affected by Cd-content. (C) 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.

Title: Structural, electrical and magnetic properties of copper-cadmium ferrites prepared from metal oxalates
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, MA); Ahmed, MA (Ahmed, MA)
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Seven samples of the system Cu1-xCdxFe2O4 were prepared by thermal decomposition of mixed metal oxalates with x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.0. The formation of the ferrispinel was studied by XRD, FT-IR, Mossbauer spectroscopy, electrical conductivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements. XRD showed single cubic spinel phase for all the samples except for CuFe2O4 sample which shows a tetragonal structure. An increase in the lattice parameter of the ferrispinel was observed with increasing the cadmium content. The temperature variation of ac conductivity showed four definite regions with three transitions which attribute to the change in the conduction mechanism with increasing temperature. Magnetic properties of the sample with x < 0.5 showed a decrease in the effective magnetic moment with the increase in the cadmium content which means that the ferromagnetics are widely separated and enclosed by non-magnetic cadmium ions. A well defined hyperfine Zeeman spectrum is observed for samples with x greater than or equal to 0.3 at room temperature and resolved into two sextets corresponding to the octahedral and tetrahedral sites. The propable ionic configuration of the system proposed is (CdxCuyFe1-x-y)[Cu1-x-yFe1+x+y]O-4. (C) 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.

Title: Low temperature water-gas shift reaction on cerium containing mordenites prepared by different methods
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM); Salama, TM (Salama, TM); Othman, AI (Othman, AI); El-Shobaky, GA (El-Shobaky, GA)
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Cerium containing mordenites catalysts were prepared by impregnation (CeMimp), solid-state ion exchange (CeMss) and in situ incorporation during synthesis (CeMin). The structure of the samples has been investigated by X-ray diffraction. FT-IR, N-2 adsorption, thermal analyses (TG and DTA) and pyridine-FT-IR. Water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) was carried out over various catalysts and the catalytic reaction was monitored using in situ FT-IR. The results obtained showed the presence of cerium silicate phase, in case of CeMin sample as evidenced by XRD and FT-IR spectroscopy. In case of CeMimp and CeMss, a separate CeO2, phase was observed in a highly dispersed state in the former than in the latter, which measured the highest specific surface area. FT-IR results of pyridine adsorption indicate the presence of acid-base site pairs on the surface of CeMimp and CeMss samples where only Lewis acidity was found on CeMin, reflecting the presence of Ce3+ with Si4+ cations at tetrahedral lattice sites in mordenite. CeMimp showed the highest catalytic activity followed by CeMss. It has been shown that reduction by H-2 carried out at 500degreesC was responsible for activating different carbonyls attached to Ce3+; such as Ce3+-CO and Ce3+-(CO)2 which decomposed into CO2 (ads). The role of basicity, Ce dispersion and surface texture of reduced Ce-mordenites on their catalytic activity in CO oxidation by H2O was evaluated and discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis of substituted alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones, pyrazoles, isoxazoles and 2,4,6-triarylpyrylium chlorophosphates via beta-lithiation of benzotriazolylvinyl ethyl ether
Authors: Abdel-Fattah, AAA (Abdel-Fattah, AAA)
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Quenching the beta-lithiated benzotriazolylvinyl ethyl ether 2 with aldehydes, acid chlorides and chalcones provided the corresponding beta-hydroxyalkyl derivatives 4a-f, beta-keto vinyl ethers 7a,b, and Michael adducts 8a,b, respectively. The alkylated product 4 was converted into alpha, beta-unsaturated ketones 5a-f upon treatment with bromine. beta-Keto vinyl ethers 7a,b cyclocondensed with hydrazines to afford pyrazoles 9a-d, and with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to give isoxazoles 10a,b. Treatment of 8 with phosphorus pentachloride resulted in the formation of 2,4,6-triarylpyrylium chlorophosphates 12.

Title: Synthesis of heterocycles having double characters: as antimicrobial and surface active agents
Authors: El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R); Wasfy, AF (Wasfy, AF)
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A new series of anionic surfactants having double function as antimicrobial and surface active agents have been synthesized by reaction of 4(H)-3,L-benzoxazinone 3 and quinazolinethione 10 with nitrogen nucleophiles and-activated olefinic compounds. The compounds were evaluated for their surface activity as well as the antimicrobial and biodegradability properties.

Title: Study of the copolymerization parameters of 2-thiozyl methacrylamide with different alkyl acrylates
Authors: Azab, MM (Azab, MM)
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2-thiozyl methacrylamide (TMA) was synthesized by the reaction of 2-aminothiazole with either methacryloyl chloride or methacrylic acid in the presence of triethylamine and N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, respectively. Binary copolymerization reactions of the prepared monomer with methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), n-butyl acrylate (BA) and tert-butylacrylate (t.BA) were performed in dimethylformamide at 65 degrees C using 1 mol% azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. The structure of the 2-thiozyl methacrylamide monomer and the prepared copolymers was investigated by IR and H-1 NMR spectroscopy. The copolymer compositions were determined from sulphur analysis. Copolymerization parameters for each system were calculated by the Finemen-Ross and Kelen-Tudos methods. The monomer reactivity ratios for the systems TMA-MA, TMA-EA, TMA-BA, and TMA-tBA were found to be r(1) = 0.128, r(2) = 0.740; r(1) = 0.235, r(2) = 0.420; r(1) = 0.420, r(2) = 0.330 and r(1) = 1.690, r(2) = 0.027, respectively. The reactivities of acrylic esters decrease as the alkyl group become bulkier. The average Q and e values for TMA were calculated from the monomer reactivity ratios determined in the present and previous studies.

Title: Corrosion inhibition of some metals using lawsonia extract
Authors: El-Etre, AY (El-Etre, AY); Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M); El-Tantawy, L (El-Tantawy, L)
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The aqueous extract of the leaves of henna (lawsonia) is tested as corrosion inhibitor of G steel, nickel and zinc in acidic, neutral and alkaline solutions, using the polarization technique. It was found that the extract acts as a good corrosion inhibitor for the three tested electrodes in all tested media. The inhibition efficiency increases as the added concentration of extract is increased. The degree of inhibition depends on the nature of metal and the type of the medium. For C-steel and nickel, the inhibition efficiency increases in the order: alkaline < neutral < acid, while in the case of zinc it increases in the order: acid < alkaline < neutral. The extract acts as a mixed inhibitor. The inhibitive action of the extract is discussed in view of adsorption of lawsonia molecules on the metal surface. It was found that this adsorption follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm in all tested systems. The formation of complex between metal cations and lawsone is also proposed as additional inhibition mechanism of C-steel and nickel corrosion. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis, estimation and applications of some transition metal complexes of salicylanilide derivatives
Authors: El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, EH); Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, IS); Basahl, SN (Basahl, SN)
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Complexes of derivatives of 2,5-dichlorosalicylanilide with transition metal ions, Cu2+ Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ and Fe3+, were been prepared and studied using microanalysis, electronic, IR, H-1-NMR spectra and TGA. Thermal stability and activation energies were determined. The pK-H values of these anilides have been investigated by spectrophotometry and potentiometric methods, and the optimum conditions favouring the formation of the coloured complexes have been studied. Anilide is found to behave as an inhibitor for the corrosion of iron in acidic solutions.

Title: Effect of non-linearities in elastomeric material dampers on torsional oscillation control
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, AF)
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The effect of quadratic and cubic non-linearities in elastomeric material dampers used to quiet torsional oscillations of internal-combustion engines sharts is investigated. In the present work, a non-linear elastomeric damper or absorber is used to control the torsional vibrations of the crankshaft in internal combustion engines, When Subject to external excitation torque. The method of multiple scales is used to derive four first-order differential equations governing the modulation of the amplitudes and phases of the two modes of the crankshaft and the absorber for the fundamental resonance. These equations are used to determine the steady state amplitudes and system stability. A relationship that relates the elastomer properties and other system parameters is found. The effects of damping, detuning, non-linear terms, and magnitude of excitation are analyzed. A stability analysis is performed on the steady state Solutions. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Title: Effect of semiclassical molecular initial ground state configuration on the neutron spectra in the interactions of p+al, fe, and zr at 1.2 gev
Authors: Abdel-Waged, K (Abdel-Waged, K)
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We studied the effect of the semiclassical molecular initial ground state configuration of the nucleus on the neutron spectra for p+Al, Fe, and Zr at 1.2 GeV by using an improved ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (ImUrQMD) model. Compared to the standard UrQMD version, it incorporates: (i) Pauli potential, (ii) a medium modified NN -> N Delta angular distribution, and (iii) a statistical multifragmentation decay model as an afterburner. It is shown that the slow evaporated, cascade, and quasielastic (inelastic) peaks of neutrons are all sensitive to different initialization procedures. Therefore, the implementation of a proper semiclassical ground state initialization in the ImUrQMD model is of importance for the description of all the neutron spectra in proton-induced reactions at intermediate energies (approximate to 1GeV).

Title: Effect of the silica sources on the crystallinity of nanosized zsm-5 zeolite
Authors: Mohamed, RM (Mohamed, RM); Aly, HM (Aly, HM); El-Shahat, MF (El-Shahat, MF); Ibrahim, IA (Ibrahim, IA)
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Silica sources can influence different aspects of ZSM-5 crystallization and it leads to change in the properties of the final product. The crystallinity of nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite from precursors mixtures containing different silica sources, e.g. tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), colloidal silica (Ludox LS 30), sodium metasilicate and fumed silica have been studied. The produced samples are investigated using XRD, SEM, and carbon % in the samples after calcination in air and BET surface area. The product obtained by TEOS, fumed silica and colloidal silica is ZSM-5 phase, but the product obtained by sodium metasilicate is the quartz phase. The crystallinity, and % of the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite increased in the following order: sodium metasilicate < colloidal silica < TEOS < fumed silica. The average crystal size increased in the following order: fumed silica < TEOS < colloidal silica < sodium metasilicate. The surface area increased in the following order: sodium metasilicate < colloidal silica < TEOS < fumed silica. The template was almost completely removed from the ZSM-5 by calcination at 550 degrees C for 8 h in air. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of treatment temperature on the early hydration characteristics of superplasticized silica fume blended cement pastes
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, M); Morsy, MS (Morsy, MS); Aiad, I (Aiad, I)
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In this investigation, two mixes were used: ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and a blended cement prepared with the partial substitution of OPC by 10 mass% silica fume (SF). The setting and hardening characteristics were monitored by the aid of electrical conductivity as a function of curing time. The shear stress and electrical conductivity were studied at different temperatures, namely, 20, 35, 45 and 55 degrees C. As the temperature increases, the shear stresses decrease with the increase of shear rate. The height of electrical conductivity peaks of superplasticized cement pastes increases due to the increase of the paste fluidity. In the presence of 1.0% polycarboxylate (PC), the electrical conductivity of cement pastes decreases from 1 to 28 days. PC retards the hydration of cement pastes. The presence of PC extended the setting times of cement pastes at 35 degrees C than at 20 degrees C due to the increase in the adsorption capacity at this temperature. PC extends the dormant stage of the hydration process and delays the onset of the accelerating stage, without affecting its rate. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: On cone perturbing liapunov function for impulsive differential systems
Authors: Soliman, AA (Soliman, AA)
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The concept of phi(0)-stability and phi(0)-boundedness recently were introduced for systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Perturbing Liapunov function method was discussed for systems of ODEs and extend to systems of functional differential equations (FDEs). In this paper, we extend these notions to impulsive systems of differential equations via cone perturbing Liapunov function method. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: On lipschitz stability for comparison systems of differential equations via limiting equation
Authors: Soliman, AA (Soliman, AA)
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Lipschitz phi(0)-stability notion was introduced. In this paper, we will discuss the notion of Lipschitz phi(0)-stability of comparison systems of differential equations. Our technique depends on limiting equation method. (c) 2004 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Title: On practical stability of perturbed differential systems
Authors: Soliman, AA (Soliman, AA)
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The notions of practical stability of systems of ordinary differential equations (ODE) was introduced. In this paper, we will extend practical stability notion to a new type of stability called practical phi(0)-stability of perturbed systems of ordinary differential equations, and given Some criteria and results. Our technique depends on cone-vector Liapunov function method. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Principal parametric resonances of non-linear mechanical system with two-frequency and self-excitations
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, AF)
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The principal parametric resonance of a single-degree-of-freedom system with non-linear two-frequency parametric and self-excitations is investigated. In particular, the case in which the parametric excitation terms with close frequencies is examined. The method of multiple scales is used to determine the equations that describe to first-order the modulation of the amplitude and phase. Qualitative analysis and asymptotic expansion techniques are employed to predict the existence of steady state responses. Stability is investigated. The effect of damping, magnitudes of non-linear excitation and self-excitation are analyzed. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Structural and textural characteristics of ce-containing mordenite and zsm-5 solids and ft-ir spectroscopic investigation of the reactivity of no gas adsorbed on them
Authors: Salama, TM (Salama, TM); Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM); Othman, I (Othman, I); El-Shobaky, GA (El-Shobaky, GA)
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The in situ interaction of nitric oxide (NO) gas on the cerium framework-substituted ZSM-5 and mordenite zeolites was studied by FT-IR spectroscopy. Samples of ZSM-5 and mordnite-containing cerium (7.5 wt.% expressed as CeO2) have been hydrothermally synthesized from starting gel upon which the introduction of cerium is being made during synthesis of zeolites. The morphological and textural characteristics of cerium-free and cerium-containing zeolites were studied using XRD, FT-IR in the T-O range, and N-2 adsorption at -196 degrees C. The results revealed that the insertion of cerium in both zeolites led to a decrease in their degree of crystallinity. Such a decrease was 36% for Ce-ZSM-5 while it was 18% for Ce-mordenite. The results indicated a significant decrease in nitrogen sorption capacity (BET) by 31% from 624 to 431 m(2)/g and also a decrease of the micropore volume by 27.8% from 0.579 to 0.418 cm(3)/g for Ce-ZSM-5. These results were found on the other extreme in case of Ce-mordenite. The presence of Cc did not affect the cell volume of ZSM-5 much, while it increased that of mordenite. Most of Ce-IV ions were embedded in the framework of mordenite, where they exposed as extra-framework CeO2 and cerium silicate in ZSM-5. The in situ interaction of NO on Ce-zeolites was studied using an FT-IR quartz cell. The adsorption of NO gas led to the formation of a series of nitrosyl species: N2O (2245 cm(-1)), NO+ (2160 cm(-1)), NO (1910 cm(-1)), N2O3 (1880, 1580 cm(-1)), (NO)(2s,as) (1844, 1734-1720 cm(-1)), NO2 (1630 cm(-1)) and ionic compounds were stable upon evacuation, i.e. nitrato and nitrito NOx- (x = 2-3) (1300-1500 cm(-1)). Such nitrosyl complexes were favorably formed on Ce-ZSM-5 than on Ce-mordenite due to facilitated intervention of the cerium couple (Ce-III/Ce-IV) on the former than on the latter. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Coexistence of stable solutions in the nonlinear ship motion
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, AF)
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The dynamic stability and complicated motions of a vessel in regular sea are investigated when the frequency in the pitch is nearly twice the Frequency in the roll. We use the Method of Multiple Scales to determine four first-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations that govern the modulation of the amplitudes and phases when the forcing frequency is near either the pitch or the roll natural frequency. These equations are used to determine the steady-state solutions and their stability. Force-response and frequency-response curves are generated. Coexistence of multiple solutions is found in the presence of quadratic nonlinearities. The linear solution is symmetric. The pitch mode has multi-valued solutions and the roll mode has a single-valued solution for the case of primary resonance of the pitch mode. Both pitch and roll modes have multivalued solutions in small intervals for the case of primary resonance of the roll mode.

Title: Threshold and stability results for an sirs epidemic model with a general periodic vaccination strategy
Authors: Moneim, IA (Moneim, IA); Greenhalgh, D (Greenhalgh, D)
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An SIRS epidemic model with general periodic vaccination strategy is analyzed. This periodic vaccination strategy is discussed first for an SIRS model with seasonal variation in the contact rate of period T = 1 year. We start with the case where the vaccination strategy and the contact rate have the same period and then discuss the case where the period of the vaccination strategy is LT, where L is an integer. We investigate whether a periodic vaccination strategy may force the epidemic dynamics to have periodic behavior. We prove that our SIRS model has a unique periodic disease free solution (DFS) whose period is the same as that of the vaccination strategy, which is globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproductive number Ro is less than or equal to one in value. When R-0 > 1, we prove that there exists a non-trivial periodic solution of period the same as that of the vaccination strategy. Some persistence results are also discussed. Threshold conditions for these periodic vaccination strategies to ensure that R-0

Title: Cationic surfactants of oleyl-amido derivatives as inhibitors for dissolution of cadmium
Authors: Megahed, HE (Megahed, HE); Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M); Fathy, M (Fathy, M); El-Fattah, AAA (El-Fattah, AAA)
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T HE CORROSION behaviour of a cadmium electrode in Na2CO3 and HCl solutions was studied in the absence and presence of five compounds of cationic surfactants of olyelamido derivatives using potentiostatic polarization technique. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing the inhibitor concentration and the number of polyethylene diamine units, and decrease with rising temperature. These compounds are more effective in HCl than in Na2CO3 solutions. This can be attributed to the synergistic effect of Cl- ions with the cationic surfactant compounds. The inhibitors are adsorbed on the surface of Cd in both HCl and Na2CO3 solutions according to Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperatures was studied to evaluate some activated thermodynamic parameters.

Title: A study on even-even hf isotopes using the cluster model
Authors: Abou-Salem, LI (Abou-Salem, LI); Abd Elmageed, KE (Abd Elmageed, KE)
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In the present work the spectra of even-even Hf isotopes are studied through the selecting of core-cluster decomposition of the parent nucleus. The considered partition should give internal stability of the core-cluster combination. The modified Woods-Saxon and Coulomb potentials are used to reproduce the spectra of even-even Hf isotopes where the core-radius is taken as a free parameter. The theoretical calculations of the excitation energies and the transition probabilities B(E2) of the ground state band are compared to the experimental data of the considered Hf isotopes. The obtained results reflect the ability of describing the pure rotational ground state band of even-even Hf isotopes through the core-cluster decomposition model.

Title: A direct method for solving circulant tridiagonal block systems of linear equations
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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This paper presents a modification of Rojo's algorithm [Comput. Math. Appl. 20 (1990) 61] to solve block circulant tridiagonal systems of linear equations which are Toeplitz and Hermitian. This new approach gives us a general direct algorithm for solving the problem. We will show how to choose a block matrix as a parameter to describe the method. We employ the factorization of block Toeplitz tridiagonal matrices as the product of two block Toeplitz subdiagonal and superdiagonal matrices. The algorithm is based on obtaining the solution of the nonlinear matrix equation A = Gamma + B*Gamma(-1) B. Finally, some numerical results will be given. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Structural and catalytic characteristics of moo3/ceo2 catalysts: co oxidation activity
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM); Katib, SMA (Katib, SMA)
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The 8 wt.% MoO3-modified CeO2 materials were prepared by three different methods namely, impregnation, wet mechanical mixing and co-precipitation and characterized by thermal analyses (TG and DTA), X-ray diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy as well as nitrogen sorptometry. Their catalytic activities in the oxidation of CO to CO2 were also examined. The results showed that the material prepared by co-precipitation provided the highest activity, comparatively. This was due to the concomitant strong metal oxide-support interaction revealed for this material that validated by XRD and FTIR results those showed diminishing in particles size of the two ions and formation of Mo-O-Ce linkages (760 cm(-1)), respectively. The UV-vis spectrum of this material showed the predominant presence of tetrahedral Mo6+ reflecting the highest dispersion among all samples. This material exhibited as well the highest specific surface area (96 m(2)/g) and rather presented mesopores of regular distribution. Important correlations between the latter material and those prepared by impregnation and wet mechanical mixing in view of proposed interaction between ions, morphology, surface texturing and their effects on the activity of CO oxidation were evaluated and discussed. It is inferred that surface molybdate that permit the formation of Mo6+ in highly dispersed state beside the Ce3+/Ce4+ redox couples were responsible for the revealed catalytic activity. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Title: Iterative methods for nonlinear matrix equations x+a(star)x(-a)=i
Authors: EI-Sayed, SM (EI-Sayed, SM); Petkov, MG (Petkov, MG)
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The present paper treats iterative methods for a class of nonlinear matrix equations X + A star X(-alpha)A = I, with two cases: alpha >= 1 and 0 < alpha < 1. Here, the matrix A is nonsingular. We will derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of positive definite solutions. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Improvements of ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model simulated by spallation neutron data induced by 1.2 gev protons on al, fe and zr
Authors: Abdel-Waged, K (Abdel-Waged, K)
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The ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model is developed for neutron spallation production from approximate to 1 GeV proton-induced reactions. Improvements in the dynamical content of the standard UrQMD model include: (i) an initial ground state which reproduces the experimental root mean square radii; (ii) a momentum-dependent Pauli potential and (iii) medium-modified angular distributions for quasi-inelastic NN scattering and the reverse N Delta -> NN reaction. It is shown that, in conjunction with the generalized evaporation model, the improved UrQMD model is able to reproduce the whole energy-angle neutron double differential cross sections in the interactions of proton on Al, Fe and Zr at 1.2 GeV.

Title: Physical studies on composites ag7i4vo4-al2o3
Authors: El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, MG)
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The electrical properties of the solid electrolytes Ag7I4VO4-Al2O3 (0-40 mol% Al2O3) are investigated. The electrical conductivity, dielectric constant and dielectric loss are increased by increasing the concentration of Al2O3; showing a maximum at 30 mol% Al2O3. The conductivity is found to be increased by decreasing the particle size of Al2O3. The results are explained using the random resistor network model (RRN). This is due to the formation of a highly conducting interface layer along the matrix-particle interface. This layer is destroyed at concentrations higher than 30 mol% Al2O3. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Title: Electrical conductivity and phase composition of calcium aluminate cement containing air-cooled and water-cooled slag at 20, 40 and 60 degrees c
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, M); Morsy, MS (Morsy, MS); Radwan, MM (Radwan, MM)
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Calcium aluminate cement (CAC) pastes containing Egyptian air-cooled slag (AS) or water-cooled slag (WS) were prepared using different amounts of slag, namely, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mass%. The pastes were prepared with deionized water using the required water of standard consistency to produce normal workability. The variations of electrical conductivity with the hydration time were measured at 20, 40 and 60 degrees C. The results demonstrate that electrical conductivity is a useful technique to study the change in the phase composition at different temperatures during the setting and hardening of calcium aluminate cement as well as reflecting the role of AS and WS, preventing the conversion occurring during the CAC hydration. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: A systematic study on nonrelativistic quark-antiquark interactions
Authors: Abou-Salem, LI (Abou-Salem, LI)
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A simple phenomenological potential model is suggested to describe the interaction between the constituent quarks of meson systems. Taking the spin-dependence terms in consideration modifies some previous potential models. The resonance masses and the leptonic decay widths of c (c) over bar, b (b) over bar, c (s) over bar, b (u) over bar, and c (b) over bar mesons are calculated using the nonrelativistic wave equation. A comparison between the present calculations and the available experimental results are given.

Title: Internal resonance of a nonlinear vibration absorber
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, AF)
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An approach for implementing an active nonlinear vibration absorber is presented. The strategy uses the saturation phenomenon that is exhibited by multi-degree-of-freedom systems with cubic nonlinearities possessing one-to-one internal resonance. The proposed technique consists of introducing a second-order controller and coupling it to the plant through a sensor and an actuator, where both the feedback and control simals are cubic. Once the structure is forced near its resonances, the oscillatory response is suppressed through the saturation phenomenon. We present theoretical results of the application of the proposed vibration absorber. The structure consists of a cantilever beam. the feedback signal is generated by a strain gage, and the actuation is achieved through piezoceramic patches. The equations of motion are developed and analyzed through perturbation techniques and numerical simulation. We use the method of multiple scales to obtain an approximate solution of these equations and investigate the vibration stability. There are two cases of fixed points. In the first case, the response amplitude is symmetric about the origin and divided into two branches with increasing magnitudes for decreasing and increasing the natural frequency omega and the coefficient of external excitation f respectively. In the second case, the response amplitudes are symmetric about the origin for variation of all parameters but the symmetry disappeared for increasing detuning parameter sigma.

Title: Use of a periodic vaccination strategy to control the spread of epidemics with seasonally varying contact rate
Authors: Moneim, IA (Moneim, IA); Greenhalgh, D (Greenhalgh, D)
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In this paper, a general periodic vaccination has been applied to control the spread and transmission of an infectious disease with latency. A SEIRS-1 epidemic model with general periodic vaccination strategy is analyzed. We suppose that the contact rate has period T, and the vaccination function has period LT, where L is an integer. Also we apply this strategy in a model with seasonal variation in the contact rate. Both the vaccination strategy and the contact rate are general time-dependent periodic functions. The same SEIRS models have been examined for a mixed vaccination strategy composed of both the time-dependent periodic vaccination strategy and the convention alone. A key parameter of the paper is a conjectured value R-0(c) for the basic reproduction number. We prove that the disease-free solution(DFS) is globally asymptotically stable (GAS) when R-0(sup) < 1. If R-0(inf) > 1,then the DFS is unstable,and we prove that there exists a nontrivial periodic solution whose period is the same as that of the vaccination strategy. Some persistence results are also discussed. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the eradication or control of the disease are derived. Threshold conditions for these vaccination strategies to ensure that R-0(sup) < 1 and R-0(inf) > 1 are also investigated.

Title: New heterocycles having double characters as antimicrobial and surface active agents: part 1 - nonionic compounds from fatty acid isothiocyanate
Authors: Amine, MS (Amine, MS); Eissa, AMF (Eissa, AMF); El-Sawy, AA (El-Sawy, AA); Shaaban, AF (Shaaban, AF); El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R)
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Fatty acids isothiocyanates 1 have been used as starting materials to synthesise some important heterocycles, such as triazoles, oxazoles, thiazoles, benzoxazoles and quinazolines by treating with different types of nucleophiles, namely, nitrogen nucleophiles, oxygen nucleophiles and sulphur nucleophiles. The produced compounds react with-propylene oxide in different moles (n = 3, 5 and 7) to yield novel groups of nonionic compounds having a double function like antimicrobial and surface active agents which can be used in the manufacture of drugs, cosmetics, pesticides or can be used as antibacterial and/or antifungal. The physical properties as surface and interfacial tension, cloud point, foaming height, wetting time, emulsification power and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) have been determined. Antimicrobial and biodegradability are also determined.

Title: Hydration and durability of sulphate-resisting and slag cement blends in caron's lake water
Authors: Abd El Aziz, M (Abd El Aziz, M); Abd El Aleem, S (Abd El Aleem, S); Heikal, M (Heikal, M); El Didamony, H (El Didamony, H)
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The problem of aggressive attack of sulphate and chloride ions has been of considerable scientific and technological interest because this attack is one of the factors responsible for damage to concrete. The corrosive action of chlorides is due to the formation of chloroaluminate hydrates, which causes softening of concrete. Sulphate ions can enter into chemical reactions with certain constituents of concrete, producing sulphoaluminate hydrates and gypsum, which cause the expansion of concrete. The aim of the present work is to study the hydration and the durability of mixed cement (sulphate-resisting and slag cement blends) pastes and mortars in Caron's Lake water. Different mixes of sulphate-resisting cement (SRC) with various proportions of slag cement were prepared and immersed in tap water for 3, 7, 28 and 90 days. The durability of the cement mortars was followed by curing the samples in tap water for 28 days (zero time) then immersed in Caron's Lake water for 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The hydration behavior was measured by the determination of the compressive strength, free lime, evaporable and nonevaporable water, total chloride and total sulphate contents at each curing time. The increase of substitution of SRC with blast-furnace slag cement (BFSC) up to 30 % increases slightly the total pore volume. The free lime contents decrease sharply in the first months of immersion then slightly up to 1 year. The blended cement pastes made of SRC with BFSC up to 30 mass% have lower values of total chloride and total sulphate, while the mortars containing only SRC have lower values of compressive strength than those of all blended cement mortars at all curing ages of immersion under Caron's Lake water. Useful conclusions and recommendations concerning the use of 70 mass% of SRC with 30 mass% slag cement produces a highly durable mixed cement. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Exact and numerical traveling wave solutions of whitham-broer-kaup equations
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); Kaya, D (Kaya, D)
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In this paper, we find the explicit and numerical traveling wave solutions of Whitham-Broer-Kaup (for short WBK) equations, which contain blow-up solutions and periodic solutions, by using the decomposition method. By using this method, the solutions were calculated in the form of a convergent power series with easily computable components. The convergence of the method as applied to the Whitham-Broer-Kaup equations is illustrated numerically. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Stramineofungin, a new antifungal antibiotic.
Authors: Hussein, A; Kansoh, A
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Title: Gilvomycin, a new antibacterial antibiotic.
Authors: Hussein, A; Salem, F
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Title: Structural investigation of isatin-beta-arylhydrazone derivatives by uv ir, 1hnmr spectra and ppp ci calculations
Authors: DESSOUKI, HA (DESSOUKI, HA); SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS); KILLA, HM (KILLA, HM); ZAKI, M (ZAKI, M)
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Title: Molecular-structures of some hydroxyazo compounds and their derivatives
Authors: DESSOUKI, HA (DESSOUKI, HA); NOLTING, F (NOLTING, F); ZETZSCH, C (ZETZSCH, C)
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Title: Synthesis of some biologically-active derivatives of 1-phenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione
Authors: ABOUELELA, A (ABOUELELA, A); DONIA, SG (DONIA, SG)
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Title: The operational method for the space-energy slowing down problem
Authors: ELWAKIL, SA (ELWAKIL, SA); MACHALI, HM (MACHALI, HM); SAIED, EA (SAIED, EA); MADKOUR, MA (MADKOUR, MA)
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Title: Chromatographic study on the uranium uptake from nitrate solution by different ion-exchangers
Authors: DESSOUKY, HA (DESSOUKY, HA); ABDELBADEI, MM (ABDELBADEI, MM); KHALIFA, SM (KHALIFA, SM); ALY, HM (ALY, HM)
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Title: Synthesis and reactions of toluene and chlorobenzene-2,4-bis-sulphonic acid bishydrazides and related-compounds of expected biological-activity
Authors: DONIA, SG (DONIA, SG); SHAMS, N (SHAMS, N); ELRAHMAN, TA (ELRAHMAN, TA)
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Title: Poly-n-acryloyloxyphthalimides and poly-n-methacryloyloxyphthalimides as activated drug-binding matrices
Authors: SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); ARIEF, MMH (ARIEF, MMH); KHALIL, AA (KHALIL, AA); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Title: Molecular-compounds of some schiff-bases derived from 2-amino-4-methyl pyridine with aromatic trinitrobenzenes and dinitrobenzenes
Authors: DESSOUKI, HA (DESSOUKI, HA); ISSA, RM (ISSA, RM); HOSSANI, ESEB (HOSSANI, ESEB)
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Title: Preparation and spectroscopic studies of charge-transfer complexes of indolyldiene aniline derivatives with di-nitrobenzene and tri-nitrobenzene
Authors: DESSOUKI, HA (DESSOUKI, HA); GABER, M (GABER, M); ISSA, RM (ISSA, RM); HOSSANI, EE (HOSSANI, EE)
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Title: The effect of doping on the kinetics of crystallization in the glassy alloy sege20
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA)
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Title: Identification of volatile flavor components of roasted red sesame seeds
Authors: ELSAWY, AA (ELSAWY, AA); SOLIMAN, MM (SOLIMAN, MM); FADEL, HM (FADEL, HM)
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Title: Kinetics of the hydrolysis of trichloromethylbenzene in water-acetone mixed-solvents
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); DIEFALLAH, EHM (DIEFALLAH, EHM); SHAABAN, AEF (SHAABAN, AEF); AZAB, MA (AZAB, MA)
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Title: Preparation and characterization of some polyesterurethanes and polyesterurethane ureas based on 1,3-bis(carboxymethoxy)benzene
Authors: SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); ELSAFTY, MA (ELSAFTY, MA); MOUSTAFA, HY (MOUSTAFA, HY); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Title: Regularity axioms in fuzzy topological-spaces and fr-proximities
Authors: KANDIL, A (KANDIL, A); ELSHAFEE, ME (ELSHAFEE, ME)
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Title: Organotin polymers .12. azeotropy in binary and ternary copolymerization reactions of di(tri-normal-butyltin) itaconate with acrylic-acid esters, styrene, and acrylonitrile
Authors: SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); MAHMOUD, AA (MAHMOUD, AA); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Title: Electrical-conduction in gamma-irradiated and unirradiated zinc iron ferrites
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA)
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Title: Organotin polymers .13. binary copolymerization reactions of tri-normal-butyltin acrylate and methacrylate with itaconic acid and dimethyl itaconate
Authors: SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); SALEM, MA (SALEM, MA); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Title: Thermodynamic functions of the transfer of aminobenzoic acids from water to water acetone mixtures at 25-degrees-c
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); HAMED, MMA (HAMED, MMA)
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Title: Electrical-conduction in some (cnh2n) (nh3+)2fecl4 compounds
Authors: AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); RADWAN, FA (RADWAN, FA)
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Title: Solvolysis rates in mixed organic-solvents .11. kinetics of dehydrochlorination of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-diphenylethane by base in methanol isopropanol mixed-solvents
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); DIEFALLAH, EM (DIEFALLAH, EM); SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM)
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Title: Electrical-conductivity behavior in (c2h22)(nh3)2fecl4, (c3h23)(nh3)2fecl4, (c7h27)(nh3)2fecl4, (c10h210)(nh3)2fecl4 complexes
Authors: AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); RADWAN, FA (RADWAN, FA)
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Title: Relation between molecular-structure and spectral characteristics of some chelating mono-azo dyes based on omicron-hydroxy aryl aldehydes and carboxylic-acids
Authors: DESSOUKI, HA (DESSOUKI, HA); ISSA, RM (ISSA, RM); MOUSTAFA, ME (MOUSTAFA, ME)
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Title: Effects of gamma-rays on the electrical-conductivity of polychelates
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); SUMMAN, AM (SUMMAN, AM)
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Title: Temperature effect on magnetic and electrical-properties of the compound fe(dmso)2cl2
Authors: AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA)
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Title: Recovery of uranium and europium from simulated radioactive-waste solution containing cesium, cobalt and ruthenium
Authors: ABDELBADEI, MM (ABDELBADEI, MM); ALY, HM (ALY, HM); KHALIFA, SM (KHALIFA, SM); ALY, HF (ALY, HF)
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Title: Extraction chromatographic performance of uranium using xad-4 loaded with di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid and nitrate solutions
Authors: BADEI, MMA (BADEI, MMA); KHALIFA, SM (KHALIFA, SM); DESSOUKY, HA (DESSOUKY, HA); ALY, HM (ALY, HM); ALY, HF (ALY, HF)
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Title: Gamma-irradiation effects on the electrical-conductivity of some 2 dimensional complexes - rmncl4, rcocl4 and rmn0.5co0.5cl4, r = h3n/ch2/8nh3
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); SUMMAN, AM (SUMMAN, AM); BADAWY, AM (BADAWY, AM)
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Title: Magnetic-susceptibility and dielectric behavior of (p-cl-c6h4nh3)2fepzn1-pcl4 (p = 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.75, 0.9 and 1.0)
Authors: AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA)
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Title: Estimation of reactivity ratios of n-methacryloyloxyphthalimide copolymers by h-1-nmr
Authors: SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); KHALIL, AA (KHALIL, AA); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Title: Thermal and electrical studies on some two-dimensional chelated compounds
Authors: SUMMAN, AM (SUMMAN, AM); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); BADAWI, AM (BADAWI, AM)
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Title: Crystallization kinetics of amorphous ge20se5te75
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA)
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Title: Organotin polymers .14. synthesis and copolymerization reactions of p-acryloyloxy-tri-n-butyltin benzoate with some vinyl monomers
Authors: SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Title: Electrical-conduction in gamma-irradiated and unirradiated fe3o4, cdfe2o4 and coxzn1-xfe2o4 (0-less-than-or-equal-to-x-less-than-or-equal-to-1) ferrites
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); SUMMAN, AM (SUMMAN, AM); AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); BADAWY, AM (BADAWY, AM)
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Title: Behavior of 4-(para-tolyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrabromo 1(2h) phthalazinone towards some nucleophiles
Authors: ELSAWY, AA (ELSAWY, AA); DONIA, SG (DONIA, SG); ESSAWY, SA (ESSAWY, SA); EISSA, AMF (EISSA, AMF)
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Title: Kinetics of the alkaline solvolysis of 3-chloropropionate ion in water-tert butyl alcohol solution
Authors: BADEI, MMA (BADEI, MMA); DIEFALLAH, EHM (DIEFALLAH, EHM); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); ASSEM, MM (ASSEM, MM)
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Title: Kinetic-analysis of thermal-decomposition reactions .4. kinetics of formation of barium-titanate in crystalline mixtures of barium carbonate and titanium-dioxide
Authors: OMRAN, ZA (OMRAN, ZA); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); FATTAH, AAA (FATTAH, AAA); DIEFALLAH, EHM (DIEFALLAH, EHM)
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Title: Gamma-irradiation effects on the electrical-conductivity of some two-dimensional complexes - rmncl4, rcocl4 and rmn0.5co0.5cl4 (r=h3n+-(ch2)8-n+h3)
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); SUMMAN, AM (SUMMAN, AM); BADAWY, AM (BADAWY, AM)
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Title: Electrical-conduction in gamma-irradiated and unirradiated fe3o4, cdfe2o4 and coxzn1-xfe2o4 (0 less-than-or-equal-to x less-than-or-equal-to 1) ferrites
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); SUMMAN, AM (SUMMAN, AM); AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); BADAWY, AM (BADAWY, AM)
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Title: Binary copolymerizations of n-acryloyloxyphthalimide with methyl acrylate, methyl-methacrylate and acrylonitrile
Authors: SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); KHALIL, AA (KHALIL, AA); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Title: Magnetic-susceptibility of (isopropylammonium ion)2fecl4, (isobutylammonium ion)2fecl4 and (isopropylammonium ion)2cucl4
Authors: AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA)
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Title: Physicochemical studies on metal-complexes of some ortho-hydroxy and ortho-carboxyphenylazo-beta-diketones
Authors: DESSOUKI, HA (DESSOUKI, HA); ISSA, RM (ISSA, RM); MOUSTAFA, MM (MOUSTAFA, MM)
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Title: Magnetic-susceptibility of (ipa)2fecl4, (ibua)2fecl4 and (ipa)2cucl4
Authors: AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA)
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Title: Kinetics of polyesterification of 1,3-(dicarboxymethoxy)benzene with tetraethylene glycol
Authors: SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); MOUSTAFA, HY (MOUSTAFA, HY); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Title: Synthesis of sucrose esters from rice bran oil fatty-acids
Authors: ELSAWY, AA (ELSAWY, AA)
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Title: Dielectric-constant and pyroelectricity for the compounds (ch2)9(nh3)2fecl4-xbrx (x=0 or 1)
Authors: AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); ELDESOKY, MM (ELDESOKY, MM)
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Title: Liquid-phase kinetic and thermodynamic studies on promoted nickel-catalysts used for h d exchange
Authors: ABDELBADEI, MM (ABDELBADEI, MM); BELACY, N (BELACY, N); ELSHARKAWY, A (ELSHARKAWY, A); ABOUELNOUR, F (ABOUELNOUR, F)
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Successful choice of the suitable catalyst composition for hydrogen/deuterium exchange reaction between hydrogen and water requires understanding of chemical kinetics as well as surface properties and activity in both liquid- and vapour phases. The present study deals with the thermodynamic and kinetic behaviour of a simple liquid phase reaction on the surface of nickel catalyst promoted with zirconium oxide used for the H/D exchange. This study helps understand the condensation of water on the catalyst surface during operation which leads to its poisoning. In this specific case water molecules are responsible for selective poisoning of this type of catalysts. The reaction rate constant, the increase in Gibb's free energy, the enthalpy, the entropy of activation and the energy of activation were calculated.

Title: Nickel chromium-oxide zirconium-oxide catalysts for hydrogen-deuterium isotopic exchange
Authors: ABDELBADEI, MM (ABDELBADEI, MM); ELSHARKAWI, A (ELSHARKAWI, A); ABDELKHALIK, M (ABDELKHALIK, M); ABOUELNOUR, F (ABOUELNOUR, F)
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Title: Electrical-conduction in some gamma-irradiated and unirradiated metal zinc ferrites
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); SUMMAN, AM (SUMMAN, AM); AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA)
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Title: Physicochemical studies on zno-al2o3 system
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); DIEFALLAH, EM (DIEFALLAH, EM); FATTAH, AAA (FATTAH, AAA); OMRAN, ZA (OMRAN, ZA)
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Title: Effect of heat-treatment and gamma-irradiation on the electrical-conductivity of metal chelate complexes
Authors: DIEFALLAH, EM (DIEFALLAH, EM); ELMANSY, MK (ELMANSY, MK); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); HASSAN, MK (HASSAN, MK); ELGAHAMY, MA (ELGAHAMY, MA)
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Title: Kinetics of the reaction in cu-fe and cu-cr mixed oxides
Authors: ELBELLIHI, AA (ELBELLIHI, AA); ABDELBADEI, AM (ABDELBADEI, AM); DIEFALLAH, EHM (DIEFALLAH, EHM)
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Title: Polyesterification of 1,3-di(carboxymethoxy)benzene with tetraethylene glycol
Authors: ELSAFTY, MA (ELSAFTY, MA); SHAABAN, AE (SHAABAN, AE); MOUSTAFA, HY (MOUSTAFA, HY)
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Title: Differential pulse polarographic studies on simple and mixed-ligand complexes of cd(ii) with diaminopropane and adipate ligands
Authors: KILLA, HM (KILLA, HM); MABROUK, ESM (MABROUK, ESM); FATTAH, AFAA (FATTAH, AFAA)
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Title: Preparation of epoxy fatty derivatives from industrial-wastes
Authors: ELSAWY, AA (ELSAWY, AA); ESSAWY, SA (ESSAWY, SA); HEBASH, KAH (HEBASH, KAH); ELDOUGDOUG, WIA (ELDOUGDOUG, WIA)
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Epoxy fatty derivatives of both cis 9-octadecenoic and trans 2-octadecenoic acids produced from Crude Mangifera Oil have been prepared by in-situ technique utilizing hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid in the presence of strong acid catalyst. Excellent conversions to epoxide have been achieved with a series of prepared unsaturated fatty esters (70%), alcohols (44%), and hydrocarbons (58%). Epoxy fatty compounds are excellent plasticizers and stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride resins.

Title: Mean integrated square error of a recursive estimator of a distribution function
Authors: HOSNI, AK (HOSNI, AK)
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Consider X1,X2,...,X(n) be a sequence of independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) random variables having an unknown absolutely continuous distribution function F with problability density function f. The purpose of this paper is to obtain an asymptotic mean integrated square error (MISE) of the estimator [GRAPHICS] of an unknown d.f.F(x) when its p.d.f. f(x) be continuous everywhere or continuous excpt at a finite number of discontinuity points, and the asymptotically optimum value of h(j) which minimizes the suggested MISE of F(x).

Title: N-heterocyclic compounds as corrosion-inhibitors for zn in hcl acid-solutions
Authors: FATTAH, AAA (FATTAH, AAA); MABROUK, EM (MABROUK, EM); ELGULIL, RMA (ELGULIL, RMA); GHONEIM, MM (GHONEIM, MM)
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Inhibition efficiency of some N-heterocyclic compounds on the HCl corrosion of Zn in 0.05 and 0.1 mol L-1 HCl solutions have been studied. Quinoline and some of its derivatives were tested at different concentrations and temperatures. The influence of various functional groups on corrosion inhibition was determined in accordance with their type and position in the N-heterocycles. The inhibitive efficiency was found to increase on increasing the inhibitor concentration and/or decreasing the temperature. The mechanism of inhibition action was discussed and correlated with the chemical structure of the inhibitors molecules.

Title: Electrochemical-behavior of some azo-compounds of 4-aminoantipyrine derivatives using cyclic voltammetry and dc polarography techniques
Authors: KILLA, HM (KILLA, HM); MABROUK, EM (MABROUK, EM); ELFATTAH, AAA (ELFATTAH, AAA); YASEN, SA (YASEN, SA)
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The electrochemical behaviour of some azo compounds of 4-aminoantipyrine derivatives (I-V) have been studied in ethanolic buffered solutions using tast polarography (DC sampled mode), linear sweep and cyclic voltammograms. Generally, the reduction polarograms of these compounds show a single, 4-electrons diffusion controlled irreversible wave within the entire pH range (2-12), which represents the reduction process. The kinetic parameters of the electrode reaction are given.

Title: Alkylation of beta-(dibenzothien-4-oyl dibenzopyrrol-4-oyl)acrylic acid with 3,5-dimethylpyrazole and the biological-activity of some products
Authors: ESSAWY, SA (ESSAWY, SA)
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Alkylation of beta-aroylacrylic acid (I) with 3, 5-dimethylpyrazole affords beta-aroyl-alpha-(3, 5-dimethylpyrazol-4-yl)-propionic acid (II). Reaction of (II) with hydrazine hydriate gives dihydropyridazinones (III). The reaction of (III) with ethyl bromoacetate and dimethylsulphate in different solvents has been studied. Chloropyridazine (VI) is obtained from the reaction of (III) with POCl3/PCl5. The behaviour of (VI) towards some nucleophiles has also been investigated. The reaction of (III) with bromine/acetic acid mixture, Grignard reagents are described. The acid (II) reacts with hydroxylamine to give dihydro-1, 2-oxazin-6(2H)-one (XII). The antimicrobial activity of some synthesized products has been investigated.

Title: Fluorenone hydrazine-s-benzyldithiocarbazate transition-metal complexes
Authors: ELSONBATI, AZ (ELSONBATI, AZ); MABROUK, EM (MABROUK, EM); MEGAHED, HE (MEGAHED, HE)
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New Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Hg(II), Pd(II) and UO2(II) complexes of the Schiff base ligand (FBz) formed by condensation of fluorenone with S-benzyldithiocarbazate have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic and spectroscopic measurements. The Cu(FBz)2(Cl)2 complex is paramagnetic. The Ni(FBz-H)2 complex is diamagnetic, four-coordinate and square planar. The Co(II) ion is oxidized in the presence of the Schiff base with the concomitant formation of a Co(III) complex of empirical formulae Co(FBz)Cl3OH2. The ligand was tested as a corrosion inhibitor for copper. Inhibition efficiency was calculated and the limiting concentration of FBz to give maximum efficiency was 10(-3) mol dm-3 at 25-degrees-C. The polarographic reduction of FBz was investigated in Britton-Robinson buffer solutions of pH 3-10. The polarograms at dme indicated that the depolarizer is reduced through two two-electron irreversible diffusion-controlled waves. The mechanistic pathway of the electrode reaction is commensurate with this result.

Title: Electrical-conduction in gamma-irradiated and unirradiated pure and mn-doped mgal2o4 spinel
Authors: ELBELLIHI, AA (ELBELLIHI, AA); FARIED, T (FARIED, T); OMRAN, ZA (OMRAN, ZA); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA)
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The electrical conductivity of pure and Mn-doped MgAl2O4 spinel has been studied in nitrogen atmosphere as a function of temperature. The conduction process is explained by the motion of cation vacancies in each of gamma-irradiated and unirradiated samples. The effect of gamma-irradiation on the conductivity and activation energy has been discussed.

Title: Kinetic solvent effect on hydrolysis of ethylchloroformate in binary aqueous mixtures
Authors: ABDELBADEI, MM (ABDELBADEI, MM); DIEFALLAH, EM (DIEFALLAH, EM); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); ASSEM, MA (ASSEM, MA)
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The kinetics of the neutral hydrolysis of ethylchloroformate have been studied in water-acetonitrile and in water- tetrahydrofuran mixtures in the temperature range of 30-50-degrees-C. The hydrolysis reaction follows a first-order rate law. The rates of the hydrolysis showed maxima at 0.9 and at 0.92 water mole fraction in water-acetonitrile and in water- tetrahydrofuran mixtures, respectively. The activation parameters DELTA-H# and DELTA-S# showed minima at nearly the same solvent composition range. The significance of these results from the viewpoint of the changing of solvent structure in such mixture is discussed.

Title: A study of the phase-transformation in anthranilic acid single-crystals
Authors: ELKABBANY, F (ELKABBANY, F); ABDELKADER, MM (ABDELKADER, MM); TAHA, S (TAHA, S); ELSHAWARBY, A (ELSHAWARBY, A)
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The electrical properties (resistance, dielectric constant and pyroelectric current) as a function of temperature in the range 30-degrees-C < T < 120-degrees-C of anthranilic acid single crystals (o-aminobenzoic acid, C6H4NH2COOH), were accurately measured and correlated to the structural phase change that has been observed at 81-degrees-C. The activation energies of the two phases were determined. The recorded DTA thermogram supports this phase change. In addition, the mean molar susceptibility chi-M of the powdered sample was accurately determined in the same temperature range; the result indicates that the structural phase change takes place at 81-degrees-C.

Title: Nodal configurations and many-body energies in li-3(3+), f-3(3-), li22+f- and li+f22- ions at crystal and cluster geometries
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS)
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An attempt is made to investigate the properties of nodal configurations and analyse many-body energies in Li3(3+), F3(3-), Li2(2+)F- and Li+F2(2-) ions at the lithium fluoride crystal geometries both in the short- and long-range regions of interactions. Cluster geometries in the short-range regions were also investigated and the effect of introducing diffuse and polarization functions to the 6-311G basis set was considered. For three ions of the same type, nodal configurations were detected at the apex angles 126.5-degrees and 135.0-degrees using the 6-311G basis and at the apex angles 127.0-degrees and 129.35-degrees using the 6-311 + + G** basis. For three ions of different types, the occurrence of nodal configurations depends on the basis set size used in the calculations. While at the 6-311G level no nodal configurations were detected for Li2(2+)F- and Li+F2(2-) ions, at the 6-311 + + G** level a nodal configuration was detected for Li2(2+)F- at 83.0-degrees. The conjecture of a symmetric compensation between the SCF regimes is discussed and correlated with reported results on rare-gas trimers.

Title: Synthesis and reactions of 1-(dibenzothien-2-oyl)-1,2-dihydrobenzo[f]coumarin
Authors: ESSAWY, SA (ESSAWY, SA); ELSAWY, AA (ELSAWY, AA); AMINE, MS (AMINE, MS); WASFY, AAF (WASFY, AAF)
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1-(Dibenzothien-2-oyl)-1, 2-dihydrobenzo[f]coumarin (1) has been prepared by Pechmann condensation of beta-naphthol with beta-(dibenzothien-2-oyl)acrylic acid. The behaviour of the latter towards nitrogen nucleophiles, aldehydes under Knowevinagel condition, carbon electrophiles under Michael condition, bromination in different solvents and carbon nucleophiles under Grignard condition have been investigated. The Claisen reaction of 1 with diethyl oxalate and ethyl acetate, and Mannich reaction with different bases have also been studied.

Title: Multibody expansion with zero-point vibrational-energy correction combined with group theoretical-analysis for m2x+ (m=li, na x=f, cl)
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS)
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Multibody expansion with zero point vibrational energy correction is combined with group theoretical analysis to examine the stability, structure and energetics of the title ions. The stability order based on the total interaction energy V(3) and the two-body contributions V(2,3) is Li2F+ > [Na2F+,Li2Cl+ > Na2Cl+ in agreement with previous experimental and theoretical predictions. The multibody terms have been analysed and zero point vibrational energy correction introduced for accurate description of these terms. Normal coordinate analysis has been carried out at the minimum energy configurations using the 6-311 + + G** basis set to calculate harmonic force constants, harmonic frequencies, IR intensities and Raman activities as well as frequency assignments.

Title: Spectrophotometric microdetermination of copper(ii), silver(i), and gold(iii) using azastyrene schiff-bases
Authors: MOUSTAFA, ME (MOUSTAFA, ME); MABROUK, EM (MABROUK, EM); DESSOUKI, HA (DESSOUKI, HA); AMINE, AS (AMINE, AS)
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Title: The cylindrical couette-flow of a rarefied-gas consisting of charged-particles inside walls with arbitrary reflection coefficients
Authors: MAHMOUD, MA (MAHMOUD, MA); SHALABY, GA (SHALABY, GA)
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A kinetic-theory treatment of the cylindrical Couette flow is considered. A generalization of the case of a surface with an arbitrary reflection coefficient that depends on the nature of the surface. In this paper we consider that the reflection coefficients of the inner and outer walls are different. A model kinetic equation of the BGK (Bhatnger-Gross-Krook) type is solved using the method of moments with a two-sided distribution function. The dependence of the velocity and shear stress on the reflection coefficient is obtained.

Title: Physicochemical studies on some ions of lanthanides and actinides of hydroxamic acid-derivatives
Authors: BADEI, MMA (BADEI, MMA); MOUSTAFA, MM (MOUSTAFA, MM); MOHAMED, TY (MOHAMED, TY); ELSHAHAT, MF (ELSHAHAT, MF)
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The composition and stability constants of La (III), Nd (III), Gd (III), UO2 (II) and Th (IV) complexes with hydroxamic acid derivatives have been determined by conductometric and potentiometric measurments. The proton reagent stability constants and stepwise formation constants were measured and the free energy changes were calculated for the ligands and their chelates. The chemical structure of the chelates were determined on the basis of conductometric measurments, elemental and thermal analyses.

Title: Sorption behavior of uranium on tin(iv) antimonate from aqueous-solutions
Authors: BADEI, MMA (BADEI, MMA); ELNAGGAR, IM (ELNAGGAR, IM); ELBELIHI, AA (ELBELIHI, AA); ALY, HM (ALY, HM); ALY, HF (ALY, HF)
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Uranium is sorbed on tin(IV) antimonate ("SnSb") from aqueous nitrate solutions by a cation exchange mechanism. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters have been evaluated under the conditions favouring a particle diffusion controlled mechanism. Sorption of uranium by SnSb has been also studied as a function of uranium concentration, pH, and temperature. The sorption of urnaium is found to be an endothermic process and increases markedly with temperature between 30 and 60-degrees-C. The results have been analysed by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm over the entire range of uranium concentrations. Results indicate that, in terms of heat of adsorption. SnSb seems to be a better sorbent for uranium than the hydrous oxides.

Title: Terpolymerization reactions of n-acryloyloxyphthalimide or n-methacryloyloxyphthalimide with methyl acrylate, methyl-methacrylate and acrylonitrile
Authors: MAHMOUD, AA (MAHMOUD, AA); SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); KHALIL, AA (KHALIL, AA); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Ternary copolymerization reactions of N-acryloyloxyphthalimide (NAP) or N-methacryloyloxyphthalimide (NMP) and acrylonitrile with methyl acrylate or methyl methacrylate were carried out in solution at 60-degrees-C in the presence of a free radical initiator. Experimental terpolymerization data agree well with calculations based on the Alfrey-Goldfinger equation. The determination of unitary, binary, and ternary azeotropies of the various systems studied was easily handled by a computer program. The results show that there is no ternary azeotropic composition for any terpolymer system studied. Selective unitary and binary azeotropic compositions were polymerized and the results show good agreement between the theoretical and experimental terpolymer composition in each case. The estimation of terpolymer compositions was carried out by H-1 NMR spectroscopy.

Title: Organotin polymers .17. azeotropy in terpolymerization reactions of tri-n-butyltin 4-acryloyloxybenzoate with alkyl acrylates or styrene and acrylonitrile
Authors: MAHMOUD, AA (MAHMOUD, AA); SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Ternary copolymerizations of tri-n-butyltin 4-acryloyloxybenzoate (ABTB) with acrylonitrile (AN) and alkyl acrylates [methyl (MA), ethyl (EA) or butyl acrylate (BA)], methyl methacrylate (MMA) or styrene (ST) were carried out in solution at 70-degrees-C in the presence of free radical initiator. Experimental terpolymerization data agreed well with calculations based on the Alfrey-Goldfinger equation. The determination of unitary, binary and ternary azeotropies of various systems studied was easily handled by a computer program. The results obtained show that there is no ternary azeotropic composition for any terpolymer system studied. Selective unitary and binary azeotropic compositions were polymerized and the results obtained show good agreement between the theoretical and experimental terpolymer composition for each case.

Title: Inhibition of c-steel corrosion in alkaline solution using some reducing sugars
Authors: El-Etre, DY (El-Etre, DY)
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THREE REDUCING sugars-glucose, fructose, and maltose-were tested as inhibitors of carbon-steel corrosion in alkaline solution. Their inhibition efficiencies were measured using weight-loss and potentiostatic polarization, and it was found that the. addition of any of the three reduced the corrosion rate of the steel. The inhibition efficiency decreased according in the order glucose > fructose > maltose. The adsorption of glucose molecules on the steel surface followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, whereas the adsorption of fructose and maltose do not. It was also found that the three sugars acted as anodic inhibitors, where their oxidation reactions interfered with the anodic corrosion reaction of the steel The inhibitive effects of the tested sugars are discussed in view of their relative reducing-power. UV-visible spectra were recorded for the test solutions after the completion of the weight-loss experiments, and the spectra suggested a formation of metal-sugar complexes.

Title: A new inversion free iteration for solving the equation x+a*x-1 a=q
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); Al-Dbiban, AM (Al-Dbiban, AM)
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In this paper, we introduce a new inversion free variant of the basic fixed point iteration method for obtaining a maximal positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation X + A*X-1 A = Q. It is more accurate than Zhan's algorithm (J. Sci. Comput. 17 (1996) 1167) and has less number of operations than the algorithm of Guo and Lancaster (Math. Comput. 68 (1999) 1589). We derive convergence conditions of the iteration and existence conditions of a solution to the problem. Finally, we give some numerical results to illustrate the behavior of the considered algorithm. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: The role of oxidation states in laser light generation and color image formation (ii) an ab initio study of f-a : hg+ and f-a : hg++ color centers at the low coordination (100) and (110) surfaces of agbr crystal
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, AS); Eid, KM (Eid, KM)
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The oxidation states of mercury in FA: Hg+ and FA: Hg++ color centers at the low coordination (100) and (110) surfaces of AgBr play important roles in laser light generation and color image formation. Two simultaneous potentials at these surfaces were investigated by using quantum mechanical ab initio methods. Quantum clusters of variable sizes were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces, and ions that were the nearest neighbors to the F-A(-) defect site were allowed to relax to equilibrium. The calculated Stokes shifts suggest that laser light generation is sensitive to the simultaneous effects of the oxidation state of mercury, the coordination number of the surface ion, and the choice of the basis set centered on the anion vacancy. An attempt has been made to explain these effects in terms of Madelung potential, electron affinity and optical-optical conversion efficiency. All relaxed excited states of the defect-containing surfaces were deep below the lower edges of the conduction bands of the ground state defect-free surfaces, suggesting that the FA: Hg+ and FA: Hg++ centers are suitable laser defects. The dependence of the orientational destruction, recording sensitivity and exciton (energy) transfer on the oxidation state of mercury and the coordination number of the surface ion on is clarified. The Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule is generalized to include the oxidation state of the impurity cation and the coordination number of the surface ion. As far as color image formation is concerned, the supersensitizer was found to increase the sensitizing capabilities of two primary dyes in the excited states by increasing the relative yield of quantum efficiency. The Hg++ surfaces of AgBr are significantly more sensitive than the corresponding surfaces. On the basis of quasi Fermi levels, the difference in the sensitizing capabilities between the examined dyes in the excited states is determined.

Title: Synthesis of s-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazine and related polynuclear heterocyclic systems
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, AA); El-Karim, IAG (El-Karim, IAG)
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The applicability and synthetic potency of the novel reagent 1-hydrazinophthalazine 1 to develop an expeditious convenient synthetic route via the annelation reactions with appropriate reagents for polyfunctionally substituted triazoles, Pyrazoles, tetrazoles, and polycyclic condensed systems are reported. Chemical and spectroscopic study for the structures of the newly synthesized compounds are investigated. The prepared compounds were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial activity.

Title: Physico-mechanical and microstructural characteristics of superplasticized silica fume-blended cement pastes
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, M)
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This paper presents the influence of some superplasticizers namely, naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde (NSF), melamine sulphonate formaldehyde (MSF) and polycarboxylate (PC) on the physical and microstructural characteristics of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) containing 10 and 30 mass% silica fume (SF). It was found that the addition of superplasticizers improves the plastic and hardening properties of the silica fume-blended cement pastes leading to higher values of compressive strength. Also, the results indicate that the higher compressive strength values of the superplasticized blended cement pastes are mainly due to the relatively higher values of gel/space ratio than those of the neat OPC cement pastes. With the increase of SF content in the pastes, the Ca(OH)(2) content diminished or is fully consumed and transformed into C-S-H. The occurrence of C-S-H in large quantity is responsible for bridging cement particles and producing a rigid system with a more dense and impermeable matrix, leading to a decrease of the specific surface area of cement pastes cured up to 360 days; this could be attributed to the continuous filling up of a part of the available pore volume by the hydration products.

Title: Bioconversion of hemicelluloses of rice hull black liquor into single-cell protein
Authors: HUSSEIN, AM (HUSSEIN, AM); ELSAIED, H (ELSAIED, H); YASIN, MH (YASIN, MH)
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Rice hulls were treated using several sodium hydroxide concentrations and temperatures. The black liquor contents of silica, lignin and hemicelluloses increased with increase in temperature or sodium hydroxide concentration. Hexoses constituted the major part and pentoses the minor part of the black liquor hemicelluloses. The ratio of pentoses to hexoses increased slightly with the increase of treatment variables. The pentose content of the black liquor consisted of arabinose and xylose, while the hexose composition was mannose, galactose, rhamnose and glucose. On increasing the alkali concentration, the xylose and mannose concentrations increased greatly, while galactose and glucose increased only slightly. Using 10 soil samples several isolates of fungi and actinomycetes were obtained. These were identified as five species of the genus Aspergillus, three species of Paecilomyces, two species of Penicillium, one species each of Alternaria, Trichoderma, Chaetomium and Actinopolyspora. These fungi were cultivated on black liquor basal salts medium. The highest bioconversion rate of black liquor hemicelluloses into biomass and single-cell proteins was achieved by Aspergillus terreus, followed by Paecilomyces simplicissima then Actinopolyspora sp.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of ephedrine hcl, cinchonine hcl, chlorpheniramine maleate, atropine sulfate and diphenhydramine hcl by solvent-extraction of reineckate complexes
Authors: ELSHAHAT, MF (ELSHAHAT, MF); BADEI, MMA (BADEI, MMA); DAIFULLAH, AAM (DAIFULLAH, AAM)
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A spectrophotometric method for the determination of some alkaloids (namely ephedrine HCl, cinchonine HCl. chlorpheniramine maleate. atropine sulphate and diphenhydramine HCl) as separate compounds as well as in pharmaceutical preparations through the formation of their ion-pair (reineckate complexes) is described. These complexes were prepared and the final products were extracted with nitrobenzene in situ. The optimum conditions for complete extraction were evaluated by investigating the nature of solvent, pH, time of shaking, temperature and reineckate concentrations. The absorption spectra of the extracted organic layer were measured at 520 nm. The extraction constants were calculated and found to have a mean of log K(E) congruent-to 2. The application of the present method was compared with the accepted pharmacopoeia method and the effects of some interfering ions were also studied.

Title: Behavior of a naphthopyranone derivative towards some nitrogen and carbon nucleophiles
Authors: ESSAWY, SA (ESSAWY, SA); ELKADY, MY (ELKADY, MY); METWALLY, RN (METWALLY, RN); ELSHENAWY, AI (ELSHENAWY, AI)
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9-(p-Anisyl)-6a, 7, 8, 9-tetrahydro-6-oxo-6H-benzo[d]naphtho[1,2-b]pyran-7, 8-dicarboxylic acid (3) has been prepared by cycloaddition of 4-(p-methoxystyryl)-2H-naphthol[1, 2-b]pyran-2-one (2) with maleic anhydride. The reactions of 3 with amines, phosphorous pentachloride, Grignard reagents and aromatic hydrocarbons have been investigated.

Title: Synthesis and properties of amphoteric surfactants derived from aspartic-acid
Authors: ELSAWY, AA (ELSAWY, AA)
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Alkyl N-(aminoethylene)-beta-aspartamates of the general formula, H2NCH2CH2NHCH(COOH) CH2CONHR, were prepared by nucleophilic addition of ethylene diamine to the double bond of N-alkylmaleamic acid with triethyl amine as catalyst. The structure of the addition products was verified by IR and NMR spectroscopy. The products showed good surface active properties and proved to be good corrosion inhibitors for steel in acidic solution.

Title: Surfactants from 2-hydroxy fatty-acids .1. sulfation products of 2-hydroxy fatty-acids, esters, diols and alkanolamides
Authors: ELSAWY, AA (ELSAWY, AA); ESSAWY, SA (ESSAWY, SA); ELSUKKARY, MM (ELSUKKARY, MM); EISSA, AMF (EISSA, AMF)
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2-Hydroxy myristic, palmitic and stearic acids were prepared. These acids were converted to methyl esters and then reduced with LiAlH4 to the corresponding alkane-1,2-diols. The hydroxy acids were reacted with monoethanolamine and diethanolamine to the corresponding fatty alkanolamides. A series of sulphation products at the hydroxyl groups of 2-hydroxy acids (RCH(OSO3Na)COONa), esters (RCH(OSO3Na)COOCH3), and alkanolamides (RCH(OSO3Na)CONHCH2CH2OSO3Na), (RCH(OSO3Na)CON(CH2CH2OSO3Na)2, (R = 12,14,16 carbon atoms) were prepared. Also the alkane 1,2-diols were sulphated, (RCH(OSO3Na)CH2OSO3Na). The surface active properties of these compounds were evaluated.

Title: Abinitio calculations of many-body energy expansion in li-n(n)+f- clusters
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS); KAMEL, MA (KAMEL, MA); EID, KM (EID, KM)
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The effects of the basis-set size on many-body energy expansion in Li(n)n+F- clusters are investigated and correlated with previously reported values on Li(n)n+Cl- analogs. Coulomb and non-Coulomb energies in Li(n)n+F- at different configurations are also examined. Although at the minimal STO-3G basis V(na)(3, 4) and V(na)(4, 4) nonadditivity terms were the smallest in the D3h configuration, they were the largest at the extended 6-311 + +G basis. V(m, n) terms where m = n greater-than-or-equal-to 3 were found to be playing a small role in the chemistry and physics of Li(n)n+F- clusters compared with V(3, n) terms in Li(n)n+Cl- clusters.

Title: Synthesis and physicochemical studies on transition-metal complexes of symmetrical bis-schiff base ligands
Authors: ELSONBATI, AZ (ELSONBATI, AZ); ELBINDARY, AA (ELBINDARY, AA); MABROUK, ESM (MABROUK, ESM)
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A new series of symmetric bis-Schiff bases derived from 1,2-diaminoethane with bis-salicylaldehyde (H2L1) and/or bis-o-hydroxyacetophenone (H2L2) have been prepared. The metal(II) complexes of these ligands were isolated and characterized by elemental analyses, magnetic moments and spectral (visible, i.r.) measurements. I.r. spectra show that the ligands behave as dianionic or neutral tetradentate. Replacing the imine C-H with a bulky methyl group leads to a steric interaction with the methylene protons of the chelate ring. The (NiL2) is diamagnetic four coordinate square planer. The electronic spectrum shows that [Cu2(H2L1)Cl4(OH2)4] complex is tetragonally distorted octahedral. The polarographic reduction of Schiff bases was investigated in Britton-Robinson buffer solutions at pH 3-12. The polarograms at dme indicated that depolarizers, (H2L1 & H2L2) are reduced through 8-electron irreversible diffusion-controlled wave. The mechanistic pathway of the electrode reaction is discussed.

Title: Electrical and thermal investigations of the phase-transitions in ammonium purpurate murexide c8h4o6n5.hn4
Authors: ABDELKADER, MM (ABDELKADER, MM); ELKABBANY, F (ELKABBANY, F); MOSAAD, MM (MOSAAD, MM); ELSHAWARBY, A (ELSHAWARBY, A)
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Based on some electrical properties (resistivity, dielectric constant and pyroelectric current) measured between 40 and 300-degrees-C, combined with the DTA thermogram in the same temperature range, we observed two structural phase transitions in ammonium purpurate (APP) "murexide" C8H4O6H5.NH4 at temperatures of about 100 and 257-degrees-C. The data are correlated to the reorientation and distortion of the NH4 ions, which are closely related to the different possibilities of the N-H...X hydrogen bonding scheme.

Title: Electrical-conduction in some gamma-irradiated and unirradiated 2-dimensional compounds, (ch2)8 (nh3)2 co1-xznxcl4
Authors: AHMED, MA (AHMED, MA); SUMMAN, AM (SUMMAN, AM); MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA)
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The electrical conductivity of gamma-irradiated and unirradiated complexes of (CH2)8(NH3)2Co1-xZnxCl4 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1) was measured in the temperature range from 300 K to a temperature near the melting points of the samples. The results showed an increase in the conductivity values with increasing concentration of zinc ions in the samples. Both differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and conductivity measurements showed the presence of many phase transitions in each of the complexes investigated. The results of irradiated compounds with a composition of 0 less-than-or-equal-to x less-than-or-equal-to 0.8 showed an increase in the conductivity values, at lower temperatures, compared with the values of unirradiated ones. For composition x = 1 no change in the conductivity data has been observed after irradiation. The effect of change in the chemical composition and irradiation on the conductivity data are discussed.

Title: On the dynamic problem of a generalized thermoelastic granular infinite cylinder under initial stress
Authors: ELNAGGAR, AM (ELNAGGAR, AM)
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The object of the present paper is to investigate the influence of initial stress on the waves propagation in a generalized thermoelastic granular medium subjected to the boundary conditions that the outer surface is traction free. In addition, it is subjected to temperature boundary conditions. The wave velocity equation for the generalized thermoelastic granular medium Rayleigh wave under the influence of initial stress has been obtained. The classical result has been derived as a limiting case similar to one which was obtained by Ewing et al. (1957).

Title: Organotin polymers .15. azeotropy in terpolymerization reactions of tributyltin acrylate or methacrylate with itaconic acid or dimethylitaconate and acrylonitrile
Authors: MAHMOUD, AA (MAHMOUD, AA); SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Ternary copolymerization of tri-n-butyltin acrylate (TBTA) or methylacrylate (TBTMA) with itaconic acid (IA) or dimethyl itaconate (DMI) and acrylonitrile (AN) were carried out in solution at 70-degrees-C in the presence of a free radical initiator. Experimental terpolymerization data agreed well with calculations based on the Alfrey-Goldfinger equation. Ternary azeotropic compositions for TBTA-IA-AN, TBTMA-IA-AN, and TBTMA-DMI-AN systems were 39.0:26.1:34.9, 51.7:10.5:37.8, and 00.3:66.3:33.4 mol %, respectively. Also, "pseudo-azeotropic" regions were identified where the deviation between feed and polymer compositions is very small.

Title: Ground and excited-state properties of many-body energies in linn+f- ions
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS); KAMEL, MA (KAMEL, MA); SHALABI, SA (SHALABI, SA); EID, KM (EID, KM)
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Ground and excited state properties of many body energies in Li(n)n+ F- ions were examined at two levels of ab initio theory. The effect of basis set size at configurations specified by two angular variables was tested. The ions in the excited state lattice were found to be more bound than those in the ground state. Discrepancies were observed between the minimal and extended basis set for describing the multibody expansions. Although the ground state V(m, n) terms at m = n greater-than-or-equal-to 3 were negligible, the excited state V(m, n) terms at m = n greater-than-or-equal-to 3 were not negligible.

Title: Organotin polymers .16. synthesis of para-acryloyloxybenzoic acid and n-methacryloyloxytetrabromophthalimide and copolymerizations with tri-normal-butyltin acrylate and methacrylate
Authors: MAHMOUD, AA (MAHMOUD, AA); SHAABAN, AF (SHAABAN, AF); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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p-Acryloyloxybenzoic acid (ABA) and N-methacryloyloxytetrabromophthalimide (NMTP) were prepared. The monomer reactivity ratios for the copolymerization of tri-n-butyltin acrylate (monomer-1) with ABA and NMTP have been found to be r1 = 1.01, r2 = 0.40 and r1 = 0.69, r2= 0.90 respectively; those for tri-n-butyltin methacrylate (monomer- 1) with ABA and NMTP were r1 = 2.21, r2 = 0.87 and r1 = 0.85, r2 = 1.35 respectively. Copolymerizations were carried out in solution at 70-degrees using 1 mol% azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The structures of the monomers were investigated by i.r. and H-1-NMR.

Title: Nonself-adjoint differential-operators in direct sum spaces
Authors: IBRAHIM, SE (IBRAHIM, SE)
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Title: Kinetic-analysis of thermal-decomposition reactions .6. thermal-decomposition of manganese(ii) acetate tetrahydrate
Authors: DIEFALLAH, EM (DIEFALLAH, EM)
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The kinetics of the thermal decomposition of manganese(II) acetate tetrahydrate were studied using isothermal and dynamic thermogravimetric techniques. The dehydration of the tetrahydrate proceeds via a two-stage reaction, each stage involving loss of two water molecules, while the thermal decomposition of the anhydrous salt proceeds in one step to MnO. Kinetic analysis of isothermal data of the three decomposition reactions, when compared with the various solid state reaction models, showed that the reactions are best described by the phase boundary and random nucleation models. Kinetic analysis of the dynamic TG curves were discussed with reference to a composite integral method, in comparison with the integral methods due to Coats and Redfern and to Ozawa. The activation parameters were calculated and the results of the isothermal and dynamic integral methods were compared and discussed.

Title: Kinetics of thermal-decomposition of gamma-irradiated and unirradiated complexes of mandelhydroxamic acid
Authors: HASSAN, RM (HASSAN, RM); FARID, T (FARID, T); ELBELLIHI, AA (ELBELLIHI, AA)
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The thermal decomposition of gamma-irradiated and unirradiated complexes of mandel-hydroxamic acid (HMA), Co(HMA)2 . 1/2H2O, Mn(HMA)2 . 2H2O, Ba(HMA)2 . 2H2O and Cd(HMA)2 . 2H2O have been studied thermogravimetrically (under isothermal conditions). The thermal dehydration of each complex occurred in one step, while the decomposition of dehydrated complexes occurred in two steps. The kinetic parameters for dehydration were computed by different models. The thermal dehydration is regulated by random nucleation A3 for Co-, Mn-, and Cd-complexes and by phase-boundary (R3) for Ba-complex. The effect of gamma-irradiation on the kinetic parameters of thermal decomposition is discussed. Radiation did not modify the mechanism of the reaction but accelarated the dehydration steps in the case of Mn- and Co-complexes.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of some lanthanide(iii) chelates of some schaffer acid azo dyes
Authors: MOUSTAFA, ME (MOUSTAFA, ME); ZAKY, M (ZAKY, M); ELKHOSOSY, NA (ELKHOSOSY, NA)
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A series of trivalent lanthanide chelates of the type [Ln(PHNSA) (H2O)n] (2 Cl) (where Ln3+ = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er, Yb or Lu; PHNSA = 2-(X)-phenylazo-2-hydroxynaphthalene-6-sulphonic acid; X = H, Cl, OCH3, CH3 and SO3H) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental and thermal analysis, molar conductance, IR, H-1 NMR (for diamagnetic complexes), electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements. IR data along with those of the H-1 NMR unequivocally proved that the coordination of the ligands to the metal ions took place in a bidentate fashion through the oxygen of the hydroxyl group and the nitrogen of the azo group. The mapetic moment values showed little deviation from Van Vleck values.

Title: Synthesis of high silica mordenite nanocrystals using o-phenylenediamine template
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM); Salama, TM (Salama, TM); Othman, I (Othman, I); Abd Ellah, I (Abd Ellah, I)
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High silica mordenite samples (Si/Al molar ratios 38 and 60) were synthesized hydrothermally at 433 K with the template route method using o-phenylenediamine and characterized with several techniques including XRD, FT-IR, TG/DTA, pyridine-FTIR and N-2 adsorption. The effects of Na2O/SiO2 ratio, Si/Al ratio, temperature, crystallization time and various templates on mordenite crystallization as well as crystallite size that was smaller than 50 nm, irrespective of varying the parameters were thoroughly investigated. The effect of alkali cations such as Na+ and K+ on mordenite crystallization and on thermal stability of the produced mordenite was also investigated. Pyridine adsorption suggests an increase in Lewis acid sites particularly following hydrothermal treatment at 120 degrees C where at 160 degrees C both Lewis and Bronsted acid sites in addition to oxidation products, which are indicative of the existence of dual acid-base sites, were exposed. Surface texturing of the produced samples were correlated with their thermal analyses data. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Title: Dielectric and thermodynamic properties of tin(ii) sulfide thin films
Authors: Hashem, HA (Hashem, HA); Abouelhassan, S (Abouelhassan, S)
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Stoichiometric SnS films were prepared, using the thermal evaporation technique, on clean glass substrates. According to x-ray investigations, the as-deposited films were in a partially crystalline state. The dielectric properties of the samples have been studied in the temperature range of 300-573 K and at different fixed frequencies (1, 10; and 100 kHz). The temperature dependence of epsilon', epsilon", tan delta, sigma(ac) and sigma(dc) has been found, and a dielectric dispersion and Debye relaxation phenomena were noted. The activation energies, due to do conductivity, ac conductivity and relaxation processes at different thicknesses, have been deduced. Thermodynamic parameters such as the free energy of activation Delta F, the enthalpy Delta H, and the change in entropy Delta S have been calculated. The results are discussed in terms of Debye relaxation, dispersion processes, and the defect states.

Title: Effect of cement kiln dust substitution on chemical and physical properties and compressive strength of portland and slag cements
Authors: Abd El-Aleem, S (Abd El-Aleem, S)
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Title: Separation of fission produced ru-106 and (cs)-c-137 from aged uranium targets by sequential distillation and precipitation in nitrate media
Authors: El-Absy, MA (El-Absy, MA); El-Amir, MA (El-Amir, MA); Mostafa, M (Mostafa, M); Abdel Fattah, AA (Abdel Fattah, AA); Aly, HM (Aly, HM)
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Ruthenium-106 and Cs-137 have been separated from thermal-neutron irradiated UO3 targets aged for similar to 2.5 years by distillation and surface interactions in nitrate media of controlled chemical composition. After digestion of the aged targets with their aluminum wrapper in 2M NaOH solution, nitric acid was added to complete dissolution of the formed residue. The prepared fission product solution was separated from 1291 and 91.8% Ru-106 by sequential distillation from 20% and 40% HNO3 solutions containing H2O2 and KMnO4, as oxidants, and by boiling for 4 and 2.5 hours, respectively. The recovery yield of Ru-106 collected in 0.1 M NaOH solution was similar to 68.2% with a radionuclidic purity of >= 99.99%. Thereafter, the fission product solution was brought to pH 9.5 by addition of NaOH solution to precipitate AI(OH)(3), MnO2, and Na2U2O7 which selectively retained the remaining fission products leaving, mainly, Cs-137 in the supernatant solution. The recovery yield of Cs-137 was >= 97.3% with similar to 99.75% radionuclidic purity. The gamma-ray emitter contaminants which could be detected and identified in the recovered Cs-137 solution, were similar to 0.25% Cs-134 and similar to 1.4- 10(-3)% (152,155) Eu.

Title: On initial and final l-topological groups
Authors: Bayoumi, F (Bayoumi, F)
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In this paper a notion of L-topological group, introduced by Ahsanullah in 1984, is studied. Some basic properties related to these L-topological groups are proved. In 1992 Kubiak had generalized the functors omega and (1), defined by Lowen in 1976, for any complete lattice L to the functors omega L and L-1. We show here that for this notion of L-topological group omega L and L-1 are functors. Moreover, to justify this notion of L-topological group, we show in this paper that all initial and final lifts exist uniquely in the concrete category L-TopGrp of L-topological groups and hence all initial and final L-topological groups exist and can be characterized. As consequences the L-topological subgroups, L-topological product groups, and L-topological quotient groups are exist. Some examples of L-topological groups are given. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Ab initio defect based model for laser light generation and color image formation at the flat, edge and corner surfaces of agar: f-a1 : cs+ and f-a2 : li+
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, AS); Kamel, MA (Kamel, MA); Ammar, HY (Ammar, HY); Halim, WSA (Halim, WSA); Aal, SA (Aal, SA)
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The F-A1:Cs+ and F-A2:Li+ color centers at the flat, edge and corner surfaces of AgBr play important roles in laser light generation and color image formation. These two applications are investigated simultaneously by using quantum mechanical ab initio methods. As far as laser light generation is concerned, the calculated Stokes shifts suggest that laser activity is sensitive to the simultaneous effects of the vibrational coupling mode, the impurity cation, the coordination number of the surface ion, and the choice of the basis set centered on the anion vacancy. The FA(1):Cs+ and F-A2:Li+ color centers are suitable laser defects. The dependence of orientational destruction, recording sensitivity and exciton (energy) transfer on the impurity cation and the coordination number of the surface ion is clarified. The Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule is generalized to include the impurity cation and the coordination number of the surface ion. As far as color image formation is concerned, the supersensitizer was found to increase the sensitizing capabilities of two primary dyes in the excited states. Color image formation was found to be sensitive to the coordination number of the surface ion and the type of the impurity cation. On the basis of quasi Fermi levels, the difference in the sensitizing capabilities between the examined dyes in the excited states was determined. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V.

Title: Three-to-one internal resonance in the non linear oscillation of shallow arch
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, AF)
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We determine the response of bowed structural elements to a two-frequency, transverse load. The effects of both initial curvature (i.e., quadratic nonlinearities) and mid-surface stretching (i.e.. cubic nonlinearities) are included. We investigate possible large-amplitude-low-frequency responses to excitations of such structural elements (drumming) and determine the conditions under which the one-half subharmonics of the transverse load can be excited individually in the presence of three-to-one intemal resonance. The method of multiple time scales is used to determine four first-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations that govem the time variation of the amplitudes and phases of the interacting modes. The fixed points of these equations are obtained and their stability is determined. Numerical solutions are. carried out and graphical representations of the results are presented. The region of multivalued disappear for increasing the parameters mu(22), d(6), Gamma(2) and decreasing the parameters d(2), d(4), d(5) and omega(1). The nontrivial solution has unstable solution for increasing the damping factors. The trivial solution has unstable and stable solutions for decreasing the parameters Gamma(1) and Gamma(2) respectively.

Title: Utility of beta-(4-chlorobenzoyl)acrylic acid in heterocyclic synthesis
Authors: Eissa, AMF (Eissa, AMF)
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beta-(4-Chlorobenzoyl)acrylic acid (1) proved to be a convenient precursor for the synthesis of a variety of heterocyclic systems through the reaction with compounds containing active methylene groups under Michael reaction conditions. Also, the reactivity of Michael adduct towards nitrogen nucleophiles was investigated to afford diazepine, indazole, isoxazole and quinazoline derivatives. Some of the synthesized compounds were screened for their biological activity.

Title: Cs-137/ba-137m radioisotope generator based on 6-tungstocerate(iv) column matrix
Authors: El-Absy, MA (El-Absy, MA); Mostafa, M (Mostafa, M); El-Amir, MA (El-Amir, MA); El-Said, H (El-Said, H); Fattah, AAA (Fattah, AAA); Aly, HM (Aly, HM)
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Barium-137m radioisotope generator of the chromatographic column elution mode based on loading 1.5 g 6-tungstocerate(IV) gel matrix with similar to 54 kBq of fission-produced Cs-137 is described. The elution performance of the generated Ba-137m radionuclide was investigated as a function of chemical composition of the eluent, flow rate, elution frequency, and age of the generator system. At comparable conditions, Ba-137m eluates with 0.9% NaCl-0.1M HCl eluent had higher elution yields and radionuclidic purity than with 0.1M NH4Cl-0.1M HCl eluent. The generator has been repeatedly eluted for 311 days by passing 4810 ml of the saline eluent (10 ml x 481 elution operations) at a flow rate of 3.0 ml/min. Barium-137m eluates of high and reproducible elution yields, chemical and radionuclidic purities of (>= 99.99%) were obtained.

Title: Higher order pseudospectral differentiation matrices
Authors: Elbarbary, EME (Elbarbary, EME); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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A new explicit expression of the higher order pseudospectral differentiation matrices is presented by using an explicit formula for higher derivatives of Chebyshev polynomials. The roundoff errors incurred during computing differentiation matrices are investigated. The advantages of the suggested differentiation matrices emerged through comparisons with other ones. (c) 2004 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Title: A numerical implementation of the decomposition method for the lienard equation
Authors: Kaya, D (Kaya, D); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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In this study, a kind of explicit exact and numerical solutions to the Lienard equation is obtained, and the applications of the results to this equation has been compared with their known theoretical solution. This paper is particularly concerned with the Adomian decomposition method and the numerical results demonstrate that the new method is relatively accurate and easily implemented. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc.

Title: Effect of thermal treatment on surface and bulk properties of fe/zsm-5 zeolites prepared by different methods
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM); Ali, IO (Ali, IO); Eissa, NA (Eissa, NA)
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Fe/ZSM-5 samples (5 wt.% Fe) prepared by in situ incorporation using TPABr template under hydrothermal conditions (Fe-ZSM-5(in)), chemical liquid deposition (Fe-ZSM-5(imp)) and solid-solid (Fe-ZSM-5(ss)) interaction were characterized by N-2 physisorption, TG/DSC, X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopy techniques. Calcination at 550 degrees C leads to almost complete removal of template that was associated with dislodgment of significant fraction of Fe to external positions as recognized for the in situ prepared sample (Fe-ZSM-5in). This sample showed an increase in lattice volume suggesting the presence of the majority of Fe ions in tetrahedral positions inside zeolite channels and offered as well the lowest crystallites size (75 nm) and maximum S-BET (453 m(2)/g) between all samples. On the other hand, Fe-ZSM-5(ssbef), resulting from solid-solid interaction and subjected to heat treatment in vacuum at 200 degrees C, measured the lowest mean pore radius (r(-); 23 angstrom), and pore volume (V-p; 0.3887 cm(3)/g), giving a hint about the probability of finding neutral iron oxide nanoparticles (alpha-Fe2O3) as a separate phase that has been validated by Mossbauer (IS = 0.3 mm/s, QS = -0.2 mm/s, H-eff = 520 kOe) and UV-Vis (400 nm) investigations. This sample also demonstrated that the majority of Fe occupied framework positions beside a fraction identified as small oligonuclear oxo-iron ions (Fe-x(3+)-O; 290 nm). Interestingly, Fe-ZSM-5(ssaft), resulting from solid-solid interaction and subjected to air calcination at 550 degrees C, measured maximum V-p (0.6380 cm(3)/g) and r(-)(39 angstrom) values, reflecting the enforced location of Fe in this sample leading to an effective pore widening and thus a pronounced mesoporosity is attained. IR bands due to v(as)T-O in ZSM-5 (1105 cm(-1)) showed a shift to lower wave numbers (1059 cm(-1)) following Fe incorporation reflecting the extent of exchanging Fe in this sample (Fe-ZSM-5s,aft), unlike the rest of the samples which showed splitting, which accounted for the presence of residual Al3+ beside Fe3+ ions in the same site. Mossbauer data of this sample confirmed the latter result and indicated the maximum lattice imperfection and showed as well the lowest degree of crystallinity. The Fe-ZSM-5(impaft) sample, subjected to heat treatment at 550 'C, showed alpha-Fe2O3 species where that heated at 110 degrees C presented the lowest SBET (361 m(2)/g). More correlations were evaluated and discussed on the effect of thermal treatment on the existence of various Fe species (either framework or non-framework), their electronic states and local structures. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Title: Stability analysis of difference systems via cone valued liapunov's function method
Authors: Soliman, AA (Soliman, A. A.)
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Total stability for systems of ordinary differential equations, functional differential equations, and difference equations was introuced. In this paper, we will extend this notion to the so-called total phi(0)-stability for systems of difference equations. given some new criteria and results. Our technique depends on cone-valued Liapunov's function method.

Title: Response of self-excited 3-degree-of-freedom systems to multifrequency excitations
Authors: ELNAGAR, AM (ELNAGAR, AM); ELBASSIOUNY, AF (ELBASSIOUNY, AF)
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The response to multifrequency excitation of a three-degree-of-freedom self-excited system is analyzed by using multiple scales. Five cases of resonance are considered: Harmonic, subharmonic, superhamonic, simultaneous sub/superharmonic, and combination resonances. The steady-state amplitudes for each case are plotted, showing the influences of the several parameters. Approximate solutions are found and stability analyses are carried out for each case.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of saturated and unsaturated copolyesters based on bis-1,4-(dicarboxymethoxy) benzene
Authors: ESSAWY, SA (ESSAWY, SA); ELSAWY, AA (ELSAWY, AA); MAHMOUD, AA (MAHMOUD, AA); BADR, SK (BADR, SK)
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Saturated copolyester were prepared by copolyesterification of bis-1,4-(dicarboxymethoxy) benzene and phthalic anhydride with diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol 1,4-butane diol, 1,2-propane diol, and 1,6-hexamethylene glycol. Also, unsaturated copolyesters were prepared by copolyesterification of bis-1,4-(dicarboxymethoxy) benzene and maleic anhydride with the same glycols. All the copolyester resins obtained have been characterized and unsaturated copolyesters in the form of films were determined. IR and H-1-NMR spectroscopy were used for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of the copolyesters resins and their hydrolyzate products, after curing with styrene.

Title: Organotin polymers .18. azeotropy in binary and ternary copolymerizations of di-(tri-normal-butyltin) itaconate with methyl acrylate, methyl-methacrylate, styrene and n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone
Authors: MAHMOUD, AA (MAHMOUD, AA)
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Binary and ternary copolymerizations of di-(tri-n-butyltin) itaconate (TBTI) with methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate (MMA), styrene (ST) and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NVP) were carried out in solution at 60-degrees in the presence of a free radical initiator. Experimental terpolymerization data agreed well with calculations based on the Alfrey-Goldfinger equation. Determination of unitary, binary and ternary azeotropies of the various systems studied was easily handled by a computer. Ternary azeotropic compositions for TBTI-MMA-NVP and TBTI-ST-NVP systems were 13:69:18 and 26:60:14 mol% respectively.

Title: Moller-plesset 4th order perturbations and group theoretical formalism for c2v and d3h isomers of ozone
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS)
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Moller-Plesset fourth order perturbations and group theoretical formalism for C2v and D3h forms of ozone are considered. It is concluded that the C2v and D3h forms are isomers corresponding to two different local minima at the potential energy surface with an energy gap of 11.4 kJ mol-1 at the level of the Hartree-Fock 6-311 + + G(3df,3pd) basis set employed in this study. The need for the perturbation level of theory and the drawbacks of the minimal STO-3G basis set in describing the C2v and Dh intermolecular interactions are also considered.

Title: Kinetics of isothermal decomposition of gamma-irradiated and unirradiated co(ii) succinato complex
Authors: FARID, T (FARID, T); ELBELLIHI, AA (ELBELLIHI, AA); OMRAN, ZA (OMRAN, ZA); HASSAN, RM (HASSAN, RM)
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A kinetic study of the dehydration and decomposition of gamma-irradiated and unirradiated Na2[Co(C4H4O4)2].7H2O has been studied using isothermal and dynamic thermogravimetric methods. The thermal dehydration occurs in one step regulated by a random nucleation model (A3), while the decomposition of anhydrous salt is controlled by a phase boundary controlled model (R3). The kinetic parameters obtained at three heating rates are in good agreement; however, the values of the kinetic parameters estimated isothermally are slightly different from those estimated dynamically. Irradiation enhanced both the dehydration and the decomposition reactions but did not modify their mechanisms. The activation energy decreases as the irradiation dose increases.

Title: Electrical-conductivity behavior, kinetic and thermodynamic studies on cuo-fe2o3, cuo-cr2o3 and cus-cr2s3 systems
Authors: BADEI, MMA (BADEI, MMA); ELMANSY, MK (ELMANSY, MK); ELBELIHI, AH (ELBELIHI, AH); DIEFALLAH, EHM (DIEFALLAH, EHM)
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Samples of CuO-Fe2O3, CuO-Cr2O3 and CuS-Cr2S3 were characterised by chemical, ir and X-ray diffraction analysis. Electrical conductivity measurements were carried out in the temperature range, room temperature to 350-degrees. CuO-Fe3O3 system was found to be n-type semiconductor, CuO-Cr2O3 system p-type semiconductor while CuS-Cr2S3 system is a metallic conductor. The Insigma vs 1/T plots were single straight lines whereas CuO-Fe2O3 system gave a break at about 200-degrees (T(b)) that could be due to a change in the semiconducting nature of the solid. The activation energies for electrical conductivity were calculated according to the linear regression analysis. On increasing the calcination temperature for the oxide systems, the rate constant for catalytic decomposition of H2O3 decreased while for the sulphide system it increased. The activation energies were calculated.

Title: Synthesis and spectroscopic studies of 3-(3 n-arylidenehydrazino-1-2,4-triazol-5-yl)coumarins and their biological-activities
Authors: YASSEN, FA (YASSEN, FA); WASFY, AAF (WASFY, AAF); MOUSTAFA, ME (MOUSTAFA, ME)
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The electronic absorption spectra of 3-(($) over bar 3 N-arylidenehydrazino-($) over bar 1,($) over bar 2,($) over bar 4-triazol-5-yl) coumarin III are investigated in organic solvents of varying polarities and buffer solutions of different PH. The behaviour of the latter is utilized in calculating pka values of these compounds. The important bands in the IR spectra and the main H-1 NMR signals are assigned and discussed in relation to molecular structure. The antimicrobial activity of these compound has been investigated.

Title: Azeotropy in terpolymerization reactions of tributyltin acrylate or methacrylate with itaconic acid or dimethylitaconate and n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone
Authors: AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM)
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Ternary copolymerisations of tri-n-butyltin acrylate (TBTA) or tri-n-butyltin methacrylate (TBTMA) with itaconic acid (IA) or dimethylitaconate (DMI) and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) were carried out in solution at 70-degrees-C in the presence of a free radical initiator. Experimental terpolymerisation data agreed with calculations based on the Alfrey-Goldfinger equation. Ternary azeotropic compositions for TBTA-IA-NVP and TBTA-DMI-NVP systems were 52.60:14.80:32.60 and 56.60:26.60:16.80 mol%, respectively. Also 'pseudo-azeotropic' regions were identified where the deviation between feed and polymer compositions is very small.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of ampicillin with some nitro-compounds
Authors: ISSA, YM (ISSA, YM); AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS)
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A spectrophotometric procedure for the determination of ampicillin (Amp.) in pure solutions and in its pharmaceutical preparations has been developed. This new method offers advantages of simplicity, rapidity and stability in comparison with the official BP (1980) method. The proposed method is based on the formation of a colour condensation product through the reaction of ampicillin and nitrobenzene derivatives in an alkaline aqueous-acetone medium 40% (v/v). Beer's law is obeyed in the range 0.5-28 mug ml-1. The colours were produced within 20 min. after heating at 60+/-5-degrees-C and stable for at least 6 h. The method is relatively accurate (recovery 100+/-2%) and precise (RSD 1.9%) and can be used successfully for the preparation of capsules, syrup and ampoules.

Title: Determination of amoxicillin and flucloxacillin in mixtures and pharmaceutical preparation using 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid
Authors: AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS)
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A spectrophotometric method for the determination of amoxycillin trihydrate and flucloxacillin monohydrate alone or in mixtures and pharmaceutical preparations is described using 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid. The procedure does not require any separation step. The calibration curves are linear up to 1-24 mug/ml of amoxycillin trihydrate at room temperature and up to 1-30 mug/ml of flucloxacillin monohydrate at 60 +/- 2-degrees-C after heating time 30 min. The method is relatively accurate (with error less-than-or-equal-to 2%), precise (R.S.D. less-than-or-equal-to 1.6%) and is applied successfully for synthetic mixture and pharmaceutical preparations (vails, capsules and syrup) containing each or both of them.

Title: Decomposition of hydrogen-peroxide over pure and mixed copper-oxide and manganese oxide prepared from carbonates
Authors: YOUSSEF, NA (YOUSSEF, NA); FARID, T (FARID, T); SELIM, MM (SELIM, MM)
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Thermal decomposition of pure and mixed copper and manganese carbonate 1.0:0.25, 1.0;0.50 and 1.0:1.0 with respect to CuO:MnO2 was studied. The products at different temperatures were character by X-ray diffraction analysis. The catalytic activity of the thermal products of pure and Mixed oxides was tested in H2O2 decomposition. Thermal treatment of copper carbonate produced CuO at temperature as low as 200-degrees-C, the increase of temperature of treatment increased the degree of crystallinity of CuO. Manganese carbonate starts to decompose at temperature higher than 300-degrees-C yielding MnO2 whereas at 500-degrees-C a mixture of cubic and tetragonal Mn2O3 was detected. At temperature higher than 500-degrees-C, the major crystalline form of Mn2O3 was cubic. On the other hand, Cu-Mn-mixed carbonates produced only MnCO3 crystalline form at low temperatures. At 500-degrees-C CuO and other compounds such as Mn2O3 or CuMn2O4 were detected depending on the composition of mixtures. The increase of temperature of treatment was found to be accompanied by an increase in the degree of crystallinity of CuMn2O4. The catalytic activity of these solids in hydrogen peroxide decomposition was found to increase as the activation temperature was increased passing through a maximum when the catalysts preheated at 500-degrees-C. The increase of calcination temperature higher than 500-degrees-C was accompanied by a marked decrease in the activity in H2O2 decomposition. This may be attributed to sintering and/or formation of inactive form of CuMn2O4.

Title: On construction of approximate solutions of nonlinear volterra-fredholm integral-equation in the space l(p) (p-greater-than-or-equal-to-1)
Authors: GHORAYEB, ESAM (GHORAYEB, ESAM); HESSEIN, MIM (HESSEIN, MIM)
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Title: Electrical study of the phase-transitions in potassium-sodium phthalate
Authors: ABDELKADER, MM (ABDELKADER, MM); RAZIK, AA (RAZIK, AA); SHAWARBY, A (SHAWARBY, A)
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Title: Spectrophotometric determination of diphenhydramine hydrochloride using carmoisine by solvent-extraction
Authors: BADEI, MMA (BADEI, MMA)
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Carmoisine (chromotrope FB, C.I. 14720, acid red 14) has been used for the determination of diphenhydramine.

Title: Synthesis and reactions of some new pyrimidin-2-thione derivatives
Authors: SOLIMAN, FMA (SOLIMAN, FMA); ELHASHASH, MA (ELHASHASH, MA); SOUKA, LM (SOUKA, LM); AMINE, M (AMINE, M); SALMAN, AS (SALMAN, AS)
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Title: Calculations on clusters of li and f-ions at lif crystal geometries
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS); SHALABI, MM (SHALABI, MM)
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Calculations on clusters of Li and F ions at LiF crystal geometries were carried out in relation to the solids. Schottky-Wagner defects in bulk and surface fragments, both in the ground and excited states, were considered. Counterpoise correction of BSSE was also investigated. It is found that bulk and surface defects minimize cation-anion attraction and maximize cation-cation and anion-anion repulsions. Based on the total interaction energies, the excited state fragments were found to be more bound than the ground state fragments. Unexpectedly, neglect of BSSE correction underestimated the total interaction energies. On the surface, cationic vacancies enhance the adsorption of anions and anionic vacancies enhance the adsorption of cations.

Title: Mp4sdtq search for nodal structures combined with multibody expansion analysis for c(2v)-isomers and d(3h)-isomers of ozone
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS); ELMISIERY, AEM (ELMISIERY, AEM)
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A search for nodal structures in the C2v and D3h isomers of ozone was carried out at the Hartree-Fock 6-311++G(d,p) and electron correlation MP4SDTQ 6-311++G(d,P) levels of ab initio theory. For the D3h configuration the equilateral side was scaled and for the C2v configuration the equal sides of the isosceles triangle were fixed and the apex angle was varied. The search was facilitated by means of a computer program that can allow the assignment of the nodal structures up to a reasonable accuracy. At the Hartree-Fock level, nodal structures were detected at the nodal parameters R = 1.541 angstrom and phi = 104.219-degrees for the D3h and C2v configurations respectively. At the electron correlation level no nodal structures were detected. At each point on the potential energy surfaces, the multibody expansion was analyzed and its convergence was tested.

Title: Microbiological and physicochemical properties of carbamate insecticides treated soil
Authors: ELSAYED, MA (ELSAYED, MA); ELSHANSHOURY, AR (ELSHANSHOURY, AR); SWELIM, MA (SWELIM, MA); ELSALAM, SSA (ELSALAM, SSA)
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Treatment of clay loam soil with carbaryl (sevin), thiodicarb (larvin) and methomyl (lannate) at field and 10 folds the recommended doses showed a variable effect on population of total bacteria, azotobacters and nitrifying bacteria, in addition to the soil content of total soluble salts; the effect differed according to the herbicide and the dose level. The bacterial population was significantly increased in the first five days of treatment, then a decrease was recorded. The increase in the microbial population and total soluble salts were proportion to the levels of the insecticides. Moreover, supplementation of glucose to the soil caused substantial increase over that in the insecticide and/or glucose free soils.

Title: Correlation of the molecular-structure and spectral characteristics of some hydroxamic acid-derivatives
Authors: BADEI, MMA (BADEI, MMA); MOUSTAFA, MM (MOUSTAFA, MM); MOHAMED, TY (MOHAMED, TY); ELSHAHAT, MF (ELSHAHAT, MF)
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The electronic absorption spectra of some hydroxamic acid oxime derivatives and Schiff's base derivatives in polar (ethanol) and nonpolar (CCl4) solvents, as well as in some other organic solvents of different polarities, were investigated; the variation of absorbance with pH was utilized for the determination of pK(a) and DELTAG* values. The important bands in the IR spectra as well as the main signals of the NMR spectra are also discussed in relation to the molecular structure.

Title: Multibody and fourier expansion analysis of li2f2 ions at crystal and cluster geometries
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS)
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An attempt is made to test the transferability of specific physical meanings from Fourier analysis of rotational potential function to the multibody expansion of Li2F2 ions at certain crystal and cluster geometries generated by rotation about a common axis.

Title: On 2 theories of fuzzy syntopogeny for the framework fns
Authors: KANDIL, A (KANDIL, A); ELSALAMONY, G (ELSALAMONY, G)
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Two notions of fuzzy syntopogeny have been introduced for the framework FNS of fuzzy neighbourhood spaces: one by Katsaras and the other by Mashhour, Morsi and El-Tantawy. We identify a property that holds in all the special types of interest from Katsaras' fuzzy topogenous orders, and we call it structure A. We show that the Katsaras' fuzzy topogenous orders of structure A are completely determined by their behaviour on ordinary subsets. We then establish natural bijections between them and the saturated N. topogenous orders of Mashhour et al. Those bijections are related to Flushoh's ideas on fuzzy filters.

Title: Interactions of ultrarelativistic oxygen nuclei in emulsion
Authors: ELNADI, M (ELNADI, M); ELNAGDY, MS (ELNAGDY, MS); ABDALLA, AM (ABDALLA, AM)
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The results of the multiplicity distributions of shower, grey, black, and heavily ionizing charged particles from O-16-induced reactions at 200A GeV are presented. The results are compared with the predictions of the Lund Monte Carlo code FRITIOF, the multichain model by Ranft, and the Monte Carlo code VENUS.

Title: Organotin polymers .19. copolymerization parameters of p-acryloyloxy-tri-n-butyltin benzoate with allyl methacrylate, n-vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl-acetate
Authors: MAHMOUD, AA (MAHMOUD, AA); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM); MESSIHA, NN (MESSIHA, NN)
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Radical copolymerizations of p-acryloyloxy-tri-n-butyltin benzoate (ABTB) with allyl methacrylate, N-vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate were carried out in solution at 70-degrees using 1 mol% azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The copolymer compositions were determined from tin analyses. The monomer reactivity ratios for copolymerizations of ABTB (monomer-1) with allyl methacrylate, N-vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate have been found to be r1 = 0.28, r2 = 0.89; r1 = 0.07; r2 = 0.40 and r1 = 0.92, r2 = 0.99, respectively. The Q and e values for the organotin monomer were calculated.

Title: Thermal-decomposition of (nh4)3[fe(c2o4)3].3h2o in air
Authors: DIEFALLAH, EHM (DIEFALLAH, EHM); BASAHEL, SN (BASAHEL, SN); ELBELLIHI, AA (ELBELLIHI, AA); ISSA, RM (ISSA, RM)
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Title: Synthesis and reactions of 6-(dibenzothien-4'-yl/dibenzopyrrol-4-yl)-4-indol-3'-yl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3-ones and their biological-activities
Authors: ESSAWY, SA (ESSAWY, SA); ELSAWY, AA (ELSAWY, AA); ELKADY, MY (ELKADY, MY); WASFY, AAF (WASFY, AAF)
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Beta-Aroyl-alpha-(indol-3-yl)propionic acids II were prepared by the reaction of beta-aroyl-acrylic acid I with indole in dry benzene. Reaction of II with hydrazine hydrate afforded dihydropyridazinones III. The reaction of III with ethyl bromoacetate and dimethyl sulphate in different solvents was studied. Compounds III reacted with POCl3/PCl5 to give chloropyridazine VI. The behaviour of VI towards some nucleophiles was investigated. Reaction of III with bromine/acetic acid mixture and Grignard reagents was described. Dehydration of II yielded the butenolids XII which underwent ring opening reaction with amine to give XIII. Also compounds II reacted with hydroxylamine lo give dihydro-1,2-oxazin-6(211)-one XIV. The antimicrobial activity of some synthesized products was investigated.

Title: Metal-chelates of some arsenazo compounds with sc(iii), y(iii), la(iii), th(iv) and uo2(ii) ions
Authors: BADEI, MMA (BADEI, MMA); DESSOUKI, HA (DESSOUKI, HA); SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS); AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS)
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The chelates of some arsenazo compounds: 1-(1-phenylazo-2-arsonic acid)-2-naph-thol,4-(1-phenylazo-2-arsonic acid)-1-naphthol,4-(1-phenylazo-2-arsonic acid)-1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic and 2-hydroxy-1-(1-phenylazo-2-arsonic acid)-3-naphthoic acid with Sc(III), Y(III), La(III), Th(IV) and UO2(II) ions have been investigated in solution using spectrophotometric and conductometric titration methods. The studies revealed the formation of complexes of stoichiometric (metal : ligand) ratios 1 : 1 and 1 : 2. The chelates have been produced in solid state and their structures are characterised by chemical analysis, thermal methods (DTA and TGA) and electronic, IR absorption spectra.

Title: Thermal effects of heat-resistant rubber composites .3. effect of type and concentration of carbon-black
Authors: HASSAN, HH (HASSAN, HH); ABDELBARY, EM (ABDELBARY, EM); ELMANSY, MK (ELMANSY, MK); GWAILY, SE (GWAILY, SE); SHASH, NM (SHASH, NM)
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Butyl rubber (IIR) loaded with 20 parts per hundred parts rubber (phr) BaTiO3 was mixed with different concentrations of the various carbon blacks HAF, GPF, SRF and lampblack. Electrical conduction measurements of vulcanisates were carried out at various applied electric powers. The temperature change (Delta T) of the rubber samples as a result of Joule heating against time (t) was recorded. The Delta T-t characteristics were found to be markedly dependent on the carbon black type and concentration as well as the ambient temperature. No appreciable change in the above characteristics with thermal aging was observed over long times (up to 6 months). Theoretical calculations of the specific heat (C-p) carried out and correlated with those obtained experimentally by the flash method.

Title: Boundary-conditions for regularly solvable operators in the direct sum spaces
Authors: IBRAHIM, SES (IBRAHIM, SES)
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The problem of characterizing all regularly solvable operators and their adjoints generated by a general ordinary quasi-differential expressions Mp on any finite number of intervals Ip=(a(p), b(p)), P=1, 2, ..., N are studied in the setting of the direct sum of L(wp)(2)(a(p), b(p))-spaces of functions defined on each of the separate intervals. The domains of these operators are described in terms of boundary conditions involving the L(wp)(2)(a(p), b(p)) solutions of M(p)[u]=lambda w(p)u and the adjoint equation M(p)(+)[v]+lambda w(p)v(lambda epsilon not subset of). These boundary conditions involve M(p) expression on any finite number of intervals I-p,p=1, ..., N.

Title: An ab-initio study of metal-nonmetal interactions in mx2 (m = be2+, mg2+ x = f-, cl-)
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS)
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Structural and energetic properties of metal-non-metal interactions were estimated at the Hartree-Fock level of ab initio theory. The convergence of the many-body expansion and group theoretical parameterization were found to uniquely characterize these interactions.

Title: Operations on the class of fuzzy-sets on a universe endowed with a fuzzy topology
Authors: KERRE, EE (KERRE, EE); NOUH, AA (NOUH, AA); KANDIL, A (KANDIL, A)
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Title: Routes for lif unit-cell growth
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS); ELMISIERY, AM (ELMISIERY, AM)
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Several routes for building up the LiF unit cell from cluster and crystal fragments are examined. Two routes were detected and compared with each other in connection with their capabilities to reproduce binding energies within the unit cell environment. An extrapolation method is suggested to reproduce binding energies beyond the unit cell environment. Several nucleation mechanisms are also examined and correlated with the corresponding binding energies.

Title: Kinetic-analysis of thermal-decomposition reactions .8. radiation effects on the thermal-decomposition of ammonium oxalate monohydrate
Authors: IEFALLAH, EHM (DIEFALLAH, EHM); ELBELLIHI, AA (ELBELLIHI, AA); BASAHEL, SN (BASAHEL, SN); WAHAB, MA (WAHAB, MA); OMRAN, ZA (OMRAN, ZA)
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The effects of gamma radiations on the kinetic parameters of the dynamic thermal decomposition-gasification reactions of ammonium oxalate monohydrate have been investigated using differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry techniques. Kinetic analysis of the dynamic TG results are discussed in view of a composite integral method in comparison with the integral methods due to Coats and Redfern and to Ozawa. The activation parameters for the non-irradiated and irradiated samples are calculated and the results of the different methods of data analysis are compared and discussed.

Title: Spectrophotometric studies and analytical applications of the complexes of fe(iii), ni(ii) and cu(ii) with some 4-amino-antipyrene azo derivatives
Authors: MOUSTAFA, ME (MOUSTAFA, ME); ELMOSSALAMY, EH (ELMOSSALAMY, EH); ELSAYED, GO (ELSAYED, GO)
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Extensive study of composition, stability constants and optimum conditions of Fe(III), Ni (II) and Cu(II) complexes with lour aro compounds based on 4 - amlnoantipyrene are done. The coloured complexes formed, at the optimum conditions mentioned, can be successifully used In the microdetermination of metal ions In synthetic solutions as well as In Incoloy 800 alloy. The method described Is rapid, sensitive, highly accurate and reproducable.

Title: Singular nonself-adjoint differential-operators
Authors: IBRAHIM, SE (IBRAHIM, SE)
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A characterisation is obtained of all the regularly solvable operators and their adjoints generated by general ordinary quasidifferential expressions in L(w)2(a, b). The domains of these operators are described in terms of boundary conditions involving the L(w)2(a, b) solutions of M[u] = lambdawu and the adjoint equation M+ [upsilon] = lambdaBARwupsilon(lambda is-an-element-of C) at both singular end-points a and b. These results are an extension of those proved in [3], by Evans and Ibrahim, to the case of two singular end-points of the interval (a, b), and a generalisation of those in [10] and [13] concerning selfadjoint and J-selfadjoint differential operators, where J denotes complex conjugation.

Title: Study of the copolymerization parameters of n-anti-pyryl acrylamide with different alkyl acrylates and styrene monomer
Authors: ELHAMOULY, SH (ELHAMOULY, SH); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM); MANSOUR, OA (MANSOUR, OA)
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N-Antipyryl acrylamide monomer [2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-5-oxo-3-pyrazolin-4-ylacryloylamine) was synthesized by the reaction of 4-aminoantipyrine with either acryloyl chloride or acrylic acid in the presence of N,N'-dicyclohexyl carbodiimide as the dehydrating agent. Binary copolymerizations of this new monomer with methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and styrene were performed in dimethylformamide at 65-degrees-C using 1 mol% azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator. The copolymer compositions were determined from the nitrogen analyses. Copolymerization parameters for each system were calculated by the Fineman-Ross and Kelen-Tudos methods.

Title: Studies on alpha-[6-(2'-methoxynaphthalenyl)4-phenylpyrimidinylthio]-beta-(4-phenylbenzoyl)propionic acid and the biological-activity of some products
Authors: ARIEF, MMH (ARIEF, MMH); ESSAWY, SA (ESSAWY, SA); WASFY, AAF (WASFY, AAF); NASSAR, SA (NASSAR, SA); HASHISH, AA (HASHISH, AA)
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beta-(4-phenylbenzoyl)acrylic acid I reacted with 6-(2'-methoxynaphthalenyl)-4-phenylpyrimidine-2(1H)thione to furnish alpha-[6-(2'-methoxynaphthalenyl)-4-phenylpyrimidinylthio]- beta-(4-phenylbenzoyl)propionic acid II. Dehydration of acid II aforded furanone derivative III. The behaviour of III towards hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, primary amines, aromatic hydrocarbons (under Friedel-Crafts conditions) and carbon nucleophiles (under Grignard conditions) has been investigated.

Title: Study of the multiparticle production in the coherent production for pi(-) (340 gev/c) and k(plus-or-minus) (70 gev/c) interaction with emulsion nuclei
Authors: ELNADI, M (ELNADI, M); ELBAKRY, MNY (ELBAKRY, MNY); ABDELHALIM, S (ABDELHALIM, S)
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The coherent multiparticle production in pi- (340 GeV/c) and in K+/-(70 GeV/c) interactions with nuclei is studied using the nuclear-emulsion technique. The mean free path and cross-sections of the three-prong events are estimated and compared with other data. A SIGMA(i) sintheta(i) analysis, pseudorapidity and azimuthal angular distributions are discussed.

Title: On simulation of adaptive learner control considering students' cognitive styles using artificial neural networks (anns)
Authors: Hassan, HM (Hassan, H. M.)
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The field of the learning sciences is represented by a growing community internationally. Many experts now recognize that conventional ways of conceiving knowledge, educational systems and technology-mediated learning are facing increasing challenges in this time of rapid technological and social changes. Herein, a suggested innovative, challenging trend at the field of the learning sciences is adopted. This trend deals with complex issues associated to deferent educational/learning phenomena. This paper presents a novel realistic simulation of some observed educational phenomena using ANNs modeling. Results obtained after practical application of a computer assisted instructional program are mainly motivating our realistic ANNs computer models. In some details, suggested ANNs models simulate realistically students' learning behavioral phenomena for two different cognitive styles. These styles are field dependent (FD) style and field independent (FI) one. Both were simulated via two types of ANNs models obeying two learning paradigms. That is supervised and unsupervised learning paradigms simulating FD and FI cognitive styles respectively. Moreover, both models simulate adaptive performance of learner control as learning process proceeds. That is fulfilled after following of suggested deferent lea mer control indices to simulate deferent levels of learner control. Interestingly, obtained results shown to be agree well with results obtained by practical educational experimental work. Additionally, our results give a valuable interpretation to some other results obtained after some educational studies. Conclusively, this paper, in few words, classified as an interdisciplinary research work dealing with some complex challenging educational issues. In practice, these issues arise recently due to excessive progress in computer and information technologies. That applied in educational practical field aiming to reach non traditional (non classical) solutions for confronted issues.

Title: Fundamental and subharmonic resonances of harmonically oscillation with time delay state feedback
Authors: EL-Bassiouny, AF (EL-Bassiouny, AF)
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Time delays occur in many physical systems. In particular, when automatic control is used with structural or mechanical systems, there exists a delay between measurement of the system state and corrective action. The concept of an equivalent damping related to the delay feedback is proposed and the appropriate choice of the feedback gains and the time delay is discussed from the viewpoint of vibration control. We investigate the fundamental resonance and subharmonic resonance of order one- half of a harmonically oscillation under state feedback control with a time delay. By using the multiple scale perturbation technique, the first order approximation of the resonances are derived and the effect of time delay on the resonances is investigated. The fixed points correspond to a periodic motion for the starting system and we show the external excitation- response and frequency- response curves. We analyze the effect of time delay and the other different parameters on these oscillations.

Title: Changes in oil and potato-chips during frying
Authors: HEBASH, KA (HEBASH, KA); FADEL, HHM (FADEL, HHM)
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The effect of frying of potato chips (batch processing during 12 h) on the chemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of the used oil were determined. Samples of the fried oil and potato chips were taken at various time periods. The volatile carbonyl compounds of the aroma concentrate of each sample were isolated and their oxime derevatives were prepared and subsequently estimated by UV absorption for the total oximes and conjugated diene carbonyl oximes. The development of the volatile carbonyl compounds in both frying oil and fried potato chips was increased on continued frying. Concerning the frying oil this increase was found to be in coincident with the decrease in the linoleic and linolenic acid percent.

Title: Electrochemical studies and thermodynamic parameters of citrazinic acid azo dye and its nitro derivatives in dmf-aqueous solutions
Authors: Yasin, Shalaby A. [ 1 ]
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The electrochemical behavior of citrazinic acid azo dye derivatives (I-V) was recorded in aqueous buffer solutions containing 10% (v/v) DMF using DC-polarography and cyclic voltammetry. The DC-polarograms displayed one or two reduction waves depending on the nature of substituent and the pH of the electrolyte solution. The reduction process takes place irreversibly and diffusion controlled at the electrode surface through the uptake of four electron/molecules for compound I and eight electron/molecules for each of compounds II-V. The recorded cyclic voltammograms displayed two irreversible cathodic peaks at different pH values. The kinetic parameters of the electrode process such as, an, heterogeneous rate constant (k s) and activation energy (ΔG#) were evaluated and discussed from cyclic voltammetry. Also, the electrode reaction mechanism is proposed and discussed. The effect of introducing substituents on the half-wave potential of the reduction process is illustrated. The different thermodynamic parameters such as activation energy (ΔG#), enthalpy change (ΔH#) and entropy change (ΔS#) revealed the endergonic nature of the electrode reaction.

Title: Kinetics of the nonisothermal decomposition of cu-itaconato and co-itaconato complexes
Authors: ELBELLIHI, AA (ELBELLIHI, AA)
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The kinetics of the thermal decomposition of Cu- and Co-itaconato complexes were studied using dynamic thermogravimetric techniques. The dehydration process was found to proceed in a one-stage reaction, while the thermal decomposition of the anhydrous salts was followed a two-stage reaction. The first stage is the decomposition of the complex to metal carbonate, whereas the second stage is the decomposition of the formed carbonate to the oxide. Kinetic analysis of the dynamic TG curves were discussed with reference to a composite integral method on comparison with the integral methods of Coats and Redfern and Ozawa. The activation parameters were calculated and discussed for each decomposition step.

Title: Hydromagnetic boundary layer micropolar fluid flow over a stretching surface embedded in a non-darcian porous medium with radiation
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.); Mahmoud, MAE (Mahmoud, Mahmoud Abd-Elaty); Waheed, SE (Waheed, Shimaa E.)
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We have studied the effects of radiation on the boundary layer flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting micropolar fluid over a continuously moving stretching surface embedded in a non-Darcian porous medium with a uniform magnetic field. The transformed coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically. The velocity, the angular velocity, and the temperature are shown graphically. The numerical values of the skin friction coefficient, the wall couple stress, and the wall heat transfer rate are computed and discussed for various values of parameters.

Title: Terpolymerizations of p-acryloyloxy-tri-n-butyltin benzoate with alkyl acrylates or vinyl-acetate and n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone
Authors: AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM)
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Ternary copolymerization reactions of p-acryloyloxy-tri-n-butyltin benzoate (ABTB) with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) and alkyl acrylates [ethyl (EA) and butyl acrylate (BA)] or vinyl acetate (VA) were carried out in solution at 65 degrees in the presence of a free radical initiator. Experimental terpolymerization data agreed well with calculations based on the Alfrey-Goldfinger equation. The unitary, binary and ternary azeotropes of various systems studied was easily determined by a computer program. The results obtained showed that there is no ternary azeotropic compositions for any terpolymer system studied. Selective unitary and binary azeotropic compositions were polymerized and the results obtained showed good agreement between the theoretical and experimental terpolymer composition for each case.

Title: On iterative solution of a kind of nonlinear matrix equations
Authors: :El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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This paper considers a kind of nonlinear matrix equations. Two effective iterative algorithms for obtaining the maximal positive definite solution are proposed. They improve and accelerate the convergence to the solution. An estimate for the convergence rate is given under additional conditions. Numerical results are given to illustrate the performance of the algorithms.

Title: Corrosion kinetics of carbon-steel in hcl solutions and the effect of some ethoxylated fatty amines as corrosion-inhibitors
Authors: ABDALLAH, M (ABDALLAH, M)
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The dissolution of carbon steel was studied in HCl solution as a function of acid and inhibitor concentrations as well as of temperature. The inhibition efficiency of some ethoxylated fatty amines having the general formula R-NH-(CH2CH2O)(n) - H, as determined from polarization measurements and weight loss experiments, was found to increase, with increasing the inhibitor concentrations and/or decreasing the temperature. Inhibition was explained by adsorption on the metal surface through their ethoxy groups while the hydrocarbon parts protrude brush like into the solution. These compounds inhibit both cathodic and anodic reactions acting as mixed inhibitors.

Title: D-c polarographic-determination of ampicillin in pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: ELSAYED, GO (ELSAYED, GO); AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS); ISSA, YM (ISSA, YM)
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The polarographic behaviour of the degradation product of ampicillin formed by alkaline bydrolysis is studied at different pH values. In strong alkaline solution (pH = 12) it gives two reduction waves with half-wave potentials -0.62 and -1.35 V vs. SCE. The first wave (at -0.62 V) is used for analytical purposes. A new and sensitive method is described for analytical determination of ampicillin in its pharmaceutical formulation and human urine.

Title: Spectrophotometric microdetermination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim using alizarin and quinalizarin
Authors: ISSA, YM (ISSA, YM); AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS)
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A spectrophotometric method has been developed for the microdetermination of sulfamethoxazole rind trimethoprim drugs. The proposed method is based on the charge transfer (CT) complex formation of the drug with alizarin or quinalizarin in alkaline medium and measuring the developed absorbance at its maximum. The optimum conditions for maximum absorbance results are studied and Beer's law is obeyed in the ranges 10-130 and 10-190 mu g/ml for sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim respectively. For more accurate results, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges are 20-120 and 10-170 mu g/ml respectively. The molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity are also calculated. The proposed spectrophotometric method of analysis is as accurate as the USP method (USP XX. The National Formulary, NF XV, 1980 P. 925. Mack Easton, Pa., 1980) and is simpler than their official method. Applications of the suggested method to representative pharmaceutical sulfa drugs are presented and the validity of the method was assessed by applying the standard addition technique.

Title: Numerical analysis and simulation analysis for space-time data
Authors: Hassouba, MA (Hassouba, M. A.); Al-Naggar, HI (Al-Naggar, H. I.); Al-Naggar, NM (Al-Naggar, N. M.); Wilke, C (Wilke, C.)
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Spatio temporal dynamics of the positive column of a do neon glow discharge is studied and investigated experimentally and theoretically. Spatio temporal analysis by means of biorthogonal decomposition method (BOD) gives insights into the mechanism of irregularity and can be employed for characterization of spatio-temporal complexity. In the weak nonlinear region, the wave dynamics is approximated by an amplitude equation of the Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE) with complex coefficients and an additional integral term based on a fluid model. In the present work we deal with irregular spatio-temporal data. A comparison between the numerical analysis of the experimental data and simulation results are studied. A good agreement between the dynamical behaviour for experimental space-time data and theoretical simulation space-time results was obtained.

Title: Synthesis and biological activity of new 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, AA); El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R)
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The aminothiadiazole (II) on treatment with aromatic aldehydes yielded Schiff bases, which cyclized to thiazohdinone derivatives by reaction with thioglycolic acid. Reaction of II with phenyl isocyanate and phenyl isothiocyanate afforded the carbamide and caxbothiamide derivatives, respectively, which on reaction with malonic acid in acetyl chloride gave barbituric and thiobarbituric acid derivatives. However, reaction of carbon disulfide and methyl iodide with II gave dithiocarbamidate derivative which on treatment with ethylenediamine or o-phenylenediamine gave the condensed N-imidazolylthiadiazolylamine derivatives.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of zinc in pharmaceutical samples with some salicylic azo-compounds
Authors: AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS)
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A sensitive spectrophotometric method for zinc has been established by reacting zinc with three salicylic acid azo dyes 2-hydroxy (la), 2-carboxy (Ib) and 4-(2-arsonophenylazo) salicylic acid(lc)in universal buffer solution of pH 8.4, 7.1 and 6.0 respectively. The molar absorptivities are 1.16, 1.39 and 1.36 X 10(4) l/mol.cm at 515, 450 and 525 nm using reagents Ia, Ib and Ic respectively. The formed complexes have the molar ratios of zinc to ligands 1 : 1 and 2 : 1. Beer's law is obeyed upto 7.19 ppm of zinc whereas the optimum concentration range as evaluated by Ringbom's method is 0.5-7.00 ppm. Sandell sensitivities of the method are evaluated. The method has been used to determine zinc in various pharmaceutical products.

Title: Effect of temperature on the structure and strength properties of cement pastes containing fly ash alone or in combination with limestone
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)
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This study aimed to investigate the effect of heat treatment on microstructure and phase composition of pastes containing fly ash (FA) and limestone (LS). Two groups of cement pastes were prepared. In the first group, Portland cement (OPC) has been partially replaced by 10, 20 and 30 wt.% FA (M.0, M.10, M.20, M.30). The second group of specimens is constituted by samples derived from M.20, in which, FA has been replaced by 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt.% LS (L.5, L.10, L.15 and L.20). After 28 and 366 days of water curing, the hardened cement pastes were dried at 105 degrees C for 24 hours, subjected to thermal treatment for 3 hours at 250, 450, 650 and 800 degrees C, then cooled to room temperature in the furnace switched off. The compressive strength and weight loss were determined. Scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction were used for identification of the changes occurring in the microstructure of the formed or decomposed phases. The results show that additional hydration of unhydrated cement grains, recrystallization, deformation and transformation of CSH phases were occurred. The changes in physical state of cement pastes were studied by measuring deterioration in the compressive strength with temperature.

Title: Similarity solutions for fragmenting systems with continuous mass-loss
Authors: SAIED, EA (SAIED, EA); ELWAKIL, SA (ELWAKIL, SA)
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A linear rate equation describing fragmentation processes, which includes both continuous and discrete loss of mass, is reduced to a partial differential equation. Different types of similarity solutions are obtained by applying Lie's similarity method.

Title: Thermal-behavior and structural variations of mg-doped cu-mn mixed oxides and the catalytic activity of the thermal products in h2o2 decomposition
Authors: SELIM, MM (SELIM, MM); FARID, T (FARID, T); YOUSSEF, NA (YOUSSEF, NA)
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Thermal decomposition of mixed copper and manganese carbonates in molar ratios 1:1 and 1:0.5 with respect to CuO: MnO2 doped with 1, 2.5 and 5 wt.% Mg2+ has been studied. The thermal products obtained at different temperatures have. been characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. The catalytic activity of the thermal products has been tested in H2O2 decomposition. Calcination of mixtures at 200 degrees C produces three crystalline phases CuO, Cu-2(NO3)(OH)(3) and unaffected MnCO3. The increase in temperature of treatment leads to the formation of manganese oxide which in turn reacts with CuO forming spinel CuMn2O4. The incorporated magnesium in the spinel structure occupies the octahedral coordinated sites [Cu0.752+Mn0.252+(Cu0.252+Mg0.5(2+)Mn(1.5)(2+))O-4]. Catalytic activity of the undoped samples increases creases with increase in the calcination temperature up to 500 degrees C and at 800 degrees C it decreases. The doping with magnesium ions shows slight change in activity for catalysts calcined at 200 degrees and 500 degrees C, while considerable increase in activity is detected for catalysts calcined at 800 degrees C. This may be attributed to lattice inversion defects and distortions of the formed spinel besides CuO present with other oxides.

Title: Effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer on hydration characteristics of cement pastes containing silica fume
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, M); Morsy, MS (Morsy, MS); Aiad, I (Aiad, I)
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This work aims to study the effect of the polycarboxylate superplalsticizer (PCS) on the rheology. electrical conductivity. physico-chemical and mechanical properties of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) pastes containing silica fume (SF). The blended cement pastes were prepared from OPC-SF (90 wt.% OPC + 10 wt.% SF). The results show that addition of PCS to the cement blends decreases their electrical conductivity during the early and later ages up to 28 days. In addition, PCS admixture considerably affects the amount of chemically combined water Compressive strength of OPC pastes is higher than that of pastes containing SF However, the addition of 0.75-1.5 wt.% PCS brings higher compressive strength values of OPC-SF pastes than those of OPC cement pastes.

Title: Nonferroelectric phase-transitions in potassium hydrogen sulfate [mercallite, khso4]
Authors: ABDELKADER, MM (ABDELKADER, MM); ELSHAWARBY, A (ELSHAWARBY, A); HOUSNY, WM (HOUSNY, WM); ELTANAHY, ZH (ELTANAHY, ZH); ELKABBANY, F (ELKABBANY, F)
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Accurate measurements of some electrical properties combined with the differential thermal analysis (DTA) were made from room temperature up to 200-degrees-C for single crystals of KHSO4 (KHS). The data reveal the existence of two (non-ferroelectric) phase transitions around 100-degrees-C and 175-degrees-C. The first structural phase transition may involve only minor change in atomic positions and therefore it is not easy to detect. The existence of this phase is confirmed by the X-ray diffraction pattern. The data are correlated with the arrangement of the molecules in the unit cell including the hydrogen bonding system due to the two distinct HSO4 ions as well as the onset of the reorientational motion of the sulphate group.

Title: A level-topologies criterion for lowen fuzzy uniformizability
Authors: KANDIL, A (KANDIL, A); HASHEM, KA (HASHEM, KA); MORSI, NN (MORSI, NN)
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We study some relationships between a fuzzy uniformity and its alpha-level uniformities. We prove that a fuzzy neighbourhood space is fuzzy uniformizable iff its alpha-level spaces, for all 0 < alpha < 1, are uniformizable. We supply an explicit formula for a fuzzy uniformity inducing such a space. Similar criteria are established for the axioms of N-normality NT2, NT1, WNT1, NT0, WNT0 and NR0. We show that the two notions of the alpha level uniformity of a fuzzy uniformity induced by a fuzzy metric, and the uniformity generated by the a-level metric of that fuzzy metric, are compatible. We also supply an explicit formula for a fuzzy pseudo-metric which induces a fuzzy neighbourhood space whose alpha-level topologies are pseudo-metrizable for all 0 < alpha < 1.

Title: Thermal-behavior of p-acryloyloxy-tri-n-butyltin benzoate acrylonitrile copolymers
Authors: AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM)
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The copolymerization of p-acryloyloxy-tri-n-butyltin benzoate (ABTB) with acrylonitrile (AN) has been investigated in dimethylformamide (DMF), using azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The prepared homopolymer of (ABTB), as well as the copolymers, were characterized by a variety of analytical, spectral, and thermal methods. Thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) data showed a little improvement in the thermal behavior of the investigated copolymer. A mechanism for the initiation of ABTB units in the nitrile oligomerization in the copolymer was also proposed. (C) 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Title: Use of phenylglycine-n-phenylhydroxylamine in gravimetric-determination of some metal-cations
Authors: ABDELBADEI, MM (ABDELBADEI, MM)
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Alpha-Amino phenyl acetyl-N-phenylhydroxamic acid has been prepared, identified by microanalysis, IR and NMR. The prepared compound was used in gravimetric determination of Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), Al(III) after precipitation of metal complex. The reagent was used for separation of a mixture of binary catinos by either adjustment of acidity or using a masking agent. The precipitate is weighed as M(C14H13N2O2)2 in the case of divalent cations and as M(C14H13N2O2)3 for trivalent cation after drying at 110-120-degrees-C. The gravimetrically determination of iron(III) and vanadium was failed. The interfering ions were determined. The accuracy is generally more than 0.3%.

Title: Azeotropy in terpolymerization of n-antipyryl acrylamide with different alkyl acrylates or styrene and acrylonitrile
Authors: ELHAMOULY, SH (ELHAMOULY, SH); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM)
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Ternary copolymerization of N-antipyryl acrylamide (NAA) with different alkyl acrylates [methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BuA)] or styrene (ST) and acrylonitrile (AN) were carried out in solution at 65-degrees-C in the presence of AIBN as a free radical initiator. Experimental terpolymerization data agree well with calculations based on the Alfrey-Goldfinger equation. The determination of unitary, binary, and ternary azeotropes of various systems studied was easily handled by a computer program. Ternary azeotropic compositions for NAA-MA-AN, NAA-EA-AN, NAA-BuA-AN, and NAA-ST-AN systems were 31.0: 10.0: 59.0, 37.0: 09.0: 54.0, 23.0: 10.0: 67.0, and 66.5: 30.50: 03.0 mol %, respectively. Selective unitary and binary azeotropic compositions were polymerized and the obtained results show good agreement between the theoretical and experimental terpolymer composition for each case. Also, pseudo-azeotropic regions were identified where the deviation between feed and polymer composition is very small. The azeotropic points of the four systems were confirmed using Tarasov et al.'s equations and were found to have satisfactory results. (C) 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Title: Fuzzy proximities induced by functional fuzzy separation
Authors: KANDIL, A (KANDIL, A); SEDAHMED, EH (SEDAHMED, EH); MORSI, NN (MORSI, NN)
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Mashhour and Morsi introduced an axiom of N-complete regularity to characterize the Lowen fuzzy uniformizable fuzzy neighbourhood spaces (fns's). Guided by that axiom we supply a Sierpinski object for the Artico-Moresco category FP of fuzzy proximity spaces, which Katsaras has shown to be a topological category. We define the degree of functional fuzzy separatedness of a pair of subsets of a fns. We use that notion to define the Cech fuzzy proximity of an N-completely regular fns (X, rho). We establish that it is the finest fuzzy proximity that induces the fns (X, rho). We study in some detail the Czech fuzzy proximities obtained from N-normal fns's.

Title: Colorimetric determination of amoxicillin in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS); ELANSARY, AL (ELANSARY, AL); ISSA, YM (ISSA, YM)
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A simple and selective method for the determination of amoxycillin in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations is described. The procedure is based on the reaction of amoxycillin with 4-nitrophenol (1), 2,4-dinitrophenol (11), 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (III) or 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (IV) in alkaline medium. The method has been used for the determination of 1-24 mug/ml of amoxycillin trihydrate in solution. The method is selective for the determination of amoxycillin in the presence of its degradation products, other antibiotics and different amines that are normally encountered in dosage forms.

Title: 2,3-dichloro-6-(3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)quinoxaline as an analytical reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of microamount of gold(iii)
Authors: AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS); SHAKRA, S (SHAKRA, S); ABDALLA, AA (ABDALLA, AA)
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The synthesis, spectral characteristics, and analytical application of 2,3-Dichloro-6-(3-car xy-2-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)quinoxaline (DCHNAQ) are described. A simple, rapid, selective, and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of microgram amounts of gold, alone, or in the presence of associated metals, is developed, based on the color reaction between the metal ion and the reagent. The yellowish brown complex (lambda(max) = 575 nm) has stoichiometric ratio (1:1) [metal:ligand] over the pH range 3.4 to 7.0. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range 0.1-6.9 mug cm-3 of gold. The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity of the method are 1.52x10(4) dm3 mol-1 cm-1 and 0.016 mug Au cm-1 respectively. The relative standard deviation for six replicate determination of 2.95 mug CM-3 of gold(III) is 1.37%. The interference of various ions has been studied and conditions were developed for the determination of gold in alloys and some synthetic samples without the need for extraction or heating.

Title: Azeotropy in terpolymerization of 2-pyrimidyl acrylamide with different alkyl acrylates and acrylonitrile
Authors: ELHAMOULY, SH (ELHAMOULY, SH); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM)
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2-Pyrimidyl acrylamide monomer (2PA) has been prepared by the reaction of 2-amino pyrimidine with acrylolyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine as catalyst. Its structure was confirmed by IR and H-1 NMR spectroscopy. Ternary copolymerizations of 2-pyrimidyl acrylamide monomer (2PA) with methyl acrylate (MA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BuA) and acrylonitrile (AN) were carried out in THF at 65-degrees-C in the presence of a free radical initiator. Experimental terpolymerization data agree well with calculations based on the Alfrey-Goldfinger equation. The determination of unitary, binary and ternary azeotropies of the various systems studied were easily handled by a computer. The ternary azeotropic compositions for 2PA-MA-AN and 2PA-MMA-AN were 32.20:17.5:50.30 and 13.54: 52.64: 33.82 mol%, respectively. Pseudo-azeotropic regions were identified where the deviation between feed and polymer composition is very small.

Title: The g-band systematics of vibrational and transitional nuclei with a=150 to 166
Authors: ELZAIKI, MI (ELZAIKI, MI); ABDELBAETH, HE (ABDELBAETH, HE)
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The vibrational and rotational characteristics of the ground bands of even-even nuclei with 150 less-than-or-equal-to A less-than-or-equal-to 166 (2 < R4 < 3) are studied. The spectra of these nuclei (with band crossing angular momentum I(c) greater-than-or-equal-to 12) are analyzed with a cubic polynomial in I. The considered nuclei (Sm-150, Gd-152, Dy-154-156, 156Er, Yb-158,Yb-160,Yb-162 and Hf-162,Hf-164,Hf-166 lie in the central region between the Z = 50 and Z = 82 major shell closures and span the spherical to the well deformed region. The gradual shape transition from a soft spherical vibrator to a deformed rotor from Sm-150 to 166Hf is thus made explicitly apparent from the g-band spectrum analysis in terms of the vibrational, rotational and softness coefficients. The transition at N = 88-90 for the vibrational-rotational ratios and for the kinematic moments of inertia are reproduced.

Title: Synthesis and binary copolymerizations of 2-pyrimidyl acrylamide with different alkyl acrylates, vinyl-acetate and acrylonitrile
Authors: ELHAMOULY, SH (ELHAMOULY, SH); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM)
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2-Pyrimidyl acrylamide (2PA) monomer was prepared by the reaction of 2-aminopyrimidine with acryloyl chloride. Its structure was confirmed by IR, H-1 NMR, and MS spectroscopy. Binary copolymerizations of this new monomer with methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BuA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), vinyl acetate (VA), and acrylonitrile (AN) were performed in tetrahydrofuran, using 1 mol% azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator at 65-degrees-C. N analysis and H-1 NMR spectroscopy were used to determine the composition of the copolymers. Copolymerization parameters for each system were calculated by both the Fineman & Ross and Kelen & Tudos methods. The monomer reactivity ratios for the systems 2PA-MA, 2PA-EA, 2PA-BuA, 2PA-MMA, 2PA-VA, and 2PA-AN were found by the Kelen & Tudos method to be r1 = 0.58 +/- 0.042, r2 = 1.26 +/- 0.086; r1 = 0.63 +/- 0.041, r2 = 1.04 +/- 0.072; r1 = 0.88 +/- 0.051, r2 = 0.99 +/- 0.069; r1 = 0.43 +/- 0.021, r2 = 1.60 +/- 0.094, r1 = 0.69 +/- 0.051, r2 = 0.084 +/- 0.088; and r1 = 0.065 +/- 0.008, r2 = 2.54 +/- 0.220, respectively. The average Q and e values for 2PA were found to be 0.51 and 0.66, respectively.

Title: A fuzzy r1 separation axiom
Authors: KANDIL, A (KANDIL, A); SEDAHMED, EH (SEDAHMED, EH); MORSI, NN (MORSI, NN)
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We introduce a new R1 separation axiom for fuzzy topological spaces. We identify, from the literature, which lower fuzzy separation axioms are compatible with our R1 axiom. We provide alternative descriptions for this R1 axiom in the special setting of fuzzy neighborhood spaces. This special case has standard higher fuzzy separation axioms. In it, we establish aspects of compatibility of our R1 axiom with those higher separation axioms, as well as with fuzzy compactness.

Title: New classes of similarity solutions of the inhomogeneous nonlinear diffusion-equations
Authors: SAIED, EA (SAIED, EA); HUSSEIN, MM (HUSSEIN, MM)
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The Lie similarity method has been used to extend the similarity solutions of the one-dimensional inhomogeneous nonlinear diffusion equations. We determine the Lie point symmetry vector fields and calculate the similarity ansatz. Then we discuss the resulting nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Exact solutions are found, and their relations to some real physical are discussed.

Title: Thermal-characteristics of n-antipyryl-acrylamide-acrylonitrile copolymers using different spectroscopic techniques
Authors: ELHAMOULY, SH (ELHAMOULY, SH); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM); ELKAFRAWI, SA (ELKAFRAWI, SA)
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N-antipyryl-acrylamide monomer (NAA) (2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-5-oxo-3-pyrazolin acryloylamine) was copolymerized with acrylonitrile in dimethyl formamide using azobis-isobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. The homopolymer and also the copolymers were characterized by a variety of spectral and thermal methods. Thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) data showed a remarkable improvement in the thermal behaviour of the investigated copolymers. A mechanism for the participation of the acryl-oyloxy units in the nitrile oligomerization is proposed and confirmed by interpretation of the fragmentation patterns of the mass spectrum of the N-antipyryl-acrylamide (NAA) monomer and also the IR spectra of the copolymers after heating.

Title: Spectrophotometric microdetermination of ampicillin and amoxicillin with picric and picramic acids
Authors: AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS); MOUSTAFA, ME (MOUSTAFA, ME); ISSA, YM (ISSA, YM)
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Ampicillin trihydrate (12.5-575 mug) and amoxycillin trihydrate (10-400 mug), in 25-ml total volume, are determined spectrophotometrically using picric and picramic acids as pi-acceptors at pH 9. The method is relatively accurate (with a recovery of 100 +/- 1.67%) and precise (RSD = 1.7%) and was applied successfully to capsules, ampoules, and syrup formulations. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc.

Title: Preparation and surface-active properties of oxypropylated diol monoesters of fatty-acids with an amide oxime terminal group
Authors: EISSA, AMF (EISSA, AMF); MAHMOUD, AA (MAHMOUD, AA); ELSAWY, AA (ELSAWY, AA)
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Locally produced non-edible oil, namely, rice bran oil (R.B.O.) was utilized as starting materials for preparing new nonionic surfactant. Oxypropylated diet monoesters of linoleic and rice bran oil fatty acids were prepared. Also amide oxime derivatives were obtained. Surface active properties of these compounds were measured. Under neutral condition amide oximes served as nonionic surfactants and their properties were similar to other oxypropylated monoesters.

Title: Mycoflora of stored poultry fodder in egypt and their ability to produce aflatoxins
Authors: SWELIM, MA (SWELIM, MA); BAKA, ZAM (BAKA, ZAM); ELDOHLOB, SM (ELDOHLOB, SM); HAZZAA, MM (HAZZAA, MM); ELSAYED, TI (ELSAYED, TI)
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Four hundred forty seven isolates belonging to 12 genera and 29 species were identified in poultry fodder stored from August 1988 to July 1989. Aspergillus and Penicillium were the genera most commonly isolated from the fodder. Aflatoxins were first detected at the 4th month of storage, gradually increased until the 6th month, when the highest counts of fungi were recorded, then greadually decreased to undetectable levels at the 9th month of storage. Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 were produced by 112 of 447 isolates belonging to 11 genera and 25 species. Aspergillus flavus (134 isolates) and Penicillium notatum (72 isolates) were the most common aflatoxin-producing species. Aspergillus flavus (435) produced the largest amount of aflatoxin B1 (800 mug/l), and Penicillium notatum (33) produced the largest amount of aflatoxin G1 (240 mug/l) when compared with all other isolates. Penicillium notatum (33) also produced aflatoxin B1 (20 mug/l). Propionic and oxalic acids completely inhibited growth and aflatoxin production of A. flavus (435) and P. notatum (33) between pH 2.5 and 5.0. Citric acid and tartaric acid completely inhibited the growth and aflatoxin production of the same isolates at pH values between 2.5 and 4.0.

Title: Condensation and cyclization reactions of 3-hydrazino-4-[4'-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5',6',7',8'-tetrachlorophthsalazinylthio]-6-(p-tolyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazine
Authors: WASFY, AAF (WASFY, AAF)
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3-Hydrazinopyridazine (5) has been synthesized by a four-step route. The hydrazine (5) on treatment with ethyl acetoacetate and/or acetylacetone undergo cyclization to afford pyrazolone derivative (6) and 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)pyridazine derivatives (7) respectively. Condensation of 5 with ethyl chloroacetate and/or diethyloxalate furnish 1,2,5-triazino-fused ketones (8 and 9) of the tide pyridazine respectively. Also, condensation of 5 with aromatic aldehydes and/or acetic anhydride afford 3-aryl- and 3-methyl substituted 1,2,5-triazolo-fused pyridazines (11 and 13) respectively. Diazotization of 5 with nitrous acid give 3-azidopyridazine (14) which undergo thermal cyclization to furnish the tetrazolopyridazine (15).

Title: Fatty-acid ethoxylates as corrosion-inhibitors for c-steel in sulfuric-acid
Authors: ELETRE, AY (ELETRE, AY); ABDALLAH, M (ABDALLAH, M)
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Three fatty acid ethoxylates obtained form soya bean oil with different numbers of ethylene oxide units were used as inhibitors for C-steel corrosion in 2 M H2SO4 solution. Their inhibition efficiencies have been evaluated using three different techniques; weight loss, hydrogen evolution and polarization techniques. It has been found that, the inhibitive effect increases as the number of ethylene oxide units is increased. Moreover, the compound studied follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm in their adsorption on the metal surface. It was concluded that, they adsorbed on the metal surface on both anodic and cathodic sites (mixed inhibitors).

Title: Piecewise determination of the interaction potential and many-body effects in the li2f2 model cluster
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS); SHALABI, MM (SHALABI, MM)
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Different partitionings of the Li2F2 model cluster into interacting subunits were investigated in order to select the best partitioning for building a model potential. Two criteria were used for selecting the best partitioning: the total interaction energy; and the covergence of many-body effects. A certain partitioning was detected and may be recommended as an alternative to the partitioning which is commonly used in supermolecular calculations.

Title: Gamma-irradiation effects on the kinetics of the nonisothermal decomposition of potassium nickel oxalate
Authors: BASAHEL, SN (BASAHEL, SN); ELFASS, MM (ELFASS, MM); ELBELLIHI, AA (ELBELLIHI, AA); ALSABBAN, EA (ALSABBAN, EA); DIEFALLAH, EHM (DIEFALLAH, EHM)
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The kinetics of the non-isothermal decomposition of potassium nickel(II) oxalate in air were studied for non-irradiated and irradiated crystals using thermogravimetric techniques. Analysis of kinetic data were performed using the direct differential method, the integral methods due to Coats-Redfern, Ozawa and a composite integral method. The results of the kinetic analysis of dynamic data and the effects of radiation were discussed and compared with those obtained under isothermal conditions.

Title: Physicochemical studies on the tio2 silica-gel system
Authors: MOUSA, MA (MOUSA, MA); FARID, T (FARID, T); OMRAN, ZA (OMRAN, ZA); ALLAH, EMD (ALLAH, EMD)
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The physicochemical properties (crystal structure, surface acidity, surface area, catalytic activity and electrical conductivity) of TiO2-silica gel mixed oxides have been investigated. A series of mixed oxides of various compositions in the range of 0-100% for each component were prepared by calcining the mixed oxides in air at temperatures of 115, 300, 600 and 1000-degrees-C. The results obtained have been discussed and correlated.

Title: Synthesis and reactions of 3-amino-2-methyl-4(3h)-quinazolinone derivatives
Authors: YASSIN, FA (YASSIN, FA); EISSA, AMF (EISSA, AMF); WASFY, AAF (WASFY, AAF)
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3-Amino-2-methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone (2) has been synthesized by treating 2-methylbenzoxazinone (1) with hydrazine hydrate. Reaction of quinazolinone (2) with phenyl isothiocyanate and phenyl isocyanate furnish the corresponding aminocarbothiamide and aminocarbamide derivatives (3 and 5), respectively, which on reaction with malonic acid in acetyl chloride afford thiobarbituric and barbituric acid derivatives (4 and 6), respectively. Behaviour of compound 5 towards different aldehydes, ketones and imides have been investigated.

Title: Synthesis and physicochemical studies on some derivatives of o-hydroxyphenylazo-1-methyl-3-phenyl-2-thiohydantoins and their chelates with metal-ions
Authors: MOUSTAFA, MM (MOUSTAFA, MM)
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Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), CU(II) and Zn(II) complexes with some derivatives of o-hydroxyphenylazo-1-methyl-3 -phenyl-2-thiohydantoin have been prepared. Their stoichiometry and stability constants were investigated in solution using conductometric and potentiometric measurements. The ionization constants of the ligands and the formation constant of the chelates were determined. The structure of the solid complexes (IM : 1L) and (1M : 2L) has been confirmed by elemental analyses, thermal (TGA and DTA) methods, IR and H-1 NMR spectra.

Title: The spectra of well-posed operators
Authors: Ibrahim, SE (Ibrahim, SE)
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In this paper, the general ordinary quasidifferential expression M of nth order, with complex coefficients, and its formal adjoint M(+) are considered. It is shown in the case of two singular endpoints and when all solutions of the equation and the adjoint equation are in L(w)(2)(I) (the limit-circle case) that all well-posed extensions of the minimal operator T-0(M) have resolvents which are Hilbert-Schmidt integral operators and consequently have a wholly discrete spectrum. This implies that all the regularly solvable operators have all of the standard essential spectra to be empty. These results extend those for the formally symmetric expression M studied in [1] and [14], and also extend those proved in [8] for one singular endpoint.

Title: Thermophysical properties of butyl rubber loaded with different types of carbon-black
Authors: NASR, GM (NASR, GM); BADAWY, MM (BADAWY, MM); GWAILY, SE (GWAILY, SE); SHASH, NM (SHASH, NM); HASSAN, HH (HASSAN, HH)
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The thermal properties (thermal conductivity lambda, thermal diffusivity a, and specific heat capacity C-p) of butyl rubber with 100 phr of different carbon blacks (HAF, GPF, SRF and LAMP black) were measured in the temperature range 300-450 K. The thermal properties were slightly affected by the addition of the different carbon blacks, and there was a sharp increase in both lambda and C-p with temperature on addition of 20 phr of powdered BaTiO3 ceramic only for samples containing SRF and HAF carbon blacks. The electrical conductivity, sigma, was also measured for these composites. It increased appreciably with the surface area of the added carbon black. On addition of 20 phr of powdered BaTiO3 ceramic, the electrical conductivity was observed to increase for all the butyl rubber composites.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of 6-aminopenicillanic acid using bromophenol-blue and bromothymol-blue
Authors: AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS); ISSA, YM (ISSA, YM)
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Two simple, selective and sensitive spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA). The methods are based on the reaction of 6-APA with either bromophenol blue (BPB) or bromothymol blue (BTB), to give orange-red and green species, respectively. The coloured products are quantified spectrophotometrically at 625 and 616 nm for BPB and BTB, respectively. The optimization of the different experimental conditions is described. No interferences from different beta-lactams and common degradation products were observed in the determination of 6-APA using BTB, while flucloxacillin, dicloxacillin, adrenaline, vitamin C, urea and common degradation products in any percentage interfere on using BPB only. The BTB method was better than the BPB method, because of its wider range of determination (0.4-20 mugml-1 vs. 0.4-7.2 mug ml-1 on using BPB), higher molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity (3.27 x 10(3)1 mol-1 cm-1) and 0.099 mug cm-2 vs. 2.82 x 10(3)l mol-1 cm-1 and 0.115 mug cm-2), greater stability (3 and 10 days on using BTB and BPB, respectively) and better selectivity. The results were compared with those given by the Official United States Pharmacopeial XXI method.

Title: Conductometric titration of pindolol and propranolol using ammonium reineckate and potassium tetracyanonickelate
Authors: ISSA, YM (ISSA, YM); AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS)
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A simple and sensitive conductometric method for the determination of 2-24 mg of pindolol and propranolol hydrochlorides using ammonium reineckate and potassium tetracyanonickelate in an ethanol-water mixture is described. The effect of the solvent ratio, reagent concentration, time and temperature on the shape of the titration curve is studied. Statistical treatment of the experimental results indicates that the method is precise and accurate. The accuracy of the method is indicated by the excellent recovery (98.2-101.2%) and the precision is supported by the low standard deviation value

Title: The point-charge model applied to lih crystal-surface imperfections
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS)
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The validity of the point charge model applied to LiH crystal surface imperfection is tested by calculations carried out on crystal field and overlap effects. Two types of defects were considered, namely, Schottky or Schottky Wagner and self defects. An attempt was made to answer the question: How large must a crystal fragment be for its properties to be those of the bulk? The crystal fragment is LiH5 surrounded by four ion shells, and the properties are binding energy, defect energy, axial and equatorial hydride ion transfer energy and hydride ion desorption energy. The ease of constructing model potentials in the framework of the point charge model is confirmed.

Title: Polarographic and potentiometric studies of arylhydrazone derivatives of acetylacetone and their complexes with cu(ii), and pb(ii)
Authors: ELASKALANY, AH (ELASKALANY, AH); MABROUK, EM (MABROUK, EM); HESHAM, EA (HESHAM, EA); ELEWADY, YA (ELEWADY, YA)
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Polarographic reduction of arylhydrazone derivatives of acetylacetone was studied in aqueous buffer solutions over a wide pH range (2-11). The results indicated that the reduction of all arylhydrazones occurs in a single 4-electron well defined wave. The effect of substituent groups on the half-wave potential has been correlated with Hammett substituent constant. The suggested mechanism is similar in both acidic and alkaline media. Stability constant of the metal complexes of these compounds with Cu2+, and Pb2+ ions in solution using differential pulse polarography and potentiometric measurements was calculated. The effect of substituent on the stability constant has been discussed.

Title: Classification of the similarity solutions of free kramers equation
Authors: SAIED, EA (SAIED, EA)
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We obtain a complete classification of all possible nontrivial similarity solutions of the free Kramers equation, together with a necessary and sufficient condition for each type to be reducible to the heat equation. A confluent hypergeometric solution of the free Kramers equation is derived for some classes of similarity solutions.

Title: The point spectra and regularity fields of nonself-adjoint quasi-differential operators
Authors: IBRAHIM, SE (IBRAHIM, SE)
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In this paper the general ordinary quasi-differential expressions of nth order with complex coefficients are considered, and a number of results concerning the location of the point spectra and regularity fields of the operators generated by such expressions are obtained. Some of these are extensions or generalizations of those in the symmetric case in [9, 10] and [11], while others are new.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of some new lanthanide(iii) chelates with 1,4-bis-(2'-hydroxyphenylazomethine) phenylene
Authors: MOUSTAFA, MM (MOUSTAFA, MM)
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The chelates formed between 1,4-bis(2'-hydroxyphenylazomethine) phenylene with La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Er, Yb, and Lu ions have been investigated in solution using conductometric, potentiometric, and spectrophotometric methods. The studies revealed the formation of M(2)L and ML complexes. The solid chelates have been characterized by elemental and thermal analysis, molar conductance, IR, H-1 NMR (for La and Lu chelates), and electronic spectra. The bonding takes place through the coordination of nitrogen in the -CH=N- group and the oxygen of the hydroxyl group by proton displacement.

Title: Theoretical characterization and many-body expansion analysis of bf3, bcl3, alf3 and alcl3 interactions
Authors: SHALABI, AS (SHALABI, AS); KAMEL, KA (KAMEL, KA); ASSEM, MM (ASSEM, MM)
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Metalloid-nonmetal and Metal-nonmetal interactions of BF3, BCl3, AlF3 and AlCl3 were examined at the matrix Hartree Fock level of ab initio theory. Structural and energetic properties, many-body expansion convergence, short- and long-range components of interaction energies, and group-theoretical parameters were found to uniquely characterize these interactions.

Title: Classification of the extended symmetries of the inhomogeneous nonlinear diffusion equation
Authors: SAIED, EA (SAIED, EA)
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Using Lie group methods, we analyse nonlinear diffusion equations in an inhomogeneous medium f(x)u(t)=(g(x)D(u(x))(x) with arbitrary diffusion coefficient D(u), and arbitrary thermal coefficients f(x) and g(x), which have a wide spectrum of applications in many areas of science. The Lie-group-based similarity method leads to a classification of the diffusion and thermal coefficients according to its symmetry properties. With the help of the adjoint representation, the optimal system of similarity reductions is calculated. Exact similarity solutions of the second-order ordinary differential equatiors resulting from the reductions are demonstrated by examples.

Title: Electropolymerization of n-methacryloyloxy phthalimide monomer using sacrificial nickel anode and characterization of the resulting polymer
Authors: AZZEM, MA (AZZEM, MA); ELHAMOULY, SH (ELHAMOULY, SH); AZAB, MM (AZAB, MM); HATHOOT, AK (HATHOOT, AK)
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The electropolymerization of N-methylacryloyloxy phthalimide has been studied in DMF using a sacrificial nickel anode in the presence of tetrabutylammonium perchlorate as supporting electrolyte. The effect of different reaction parameters such as the type of electrolyte, concentration of monomer and electrolyte, current strength, the duration of electrolysis and the temperature of the reaction on the yield of the polymer and the rate of polymerization were studied. It was found that the nickel content in the obtained polymer depends on the concentration of the monomer. A mechanism of electropolymerization is suggested and confirmed by i.r., H-1-NMR, thermal analysis and electrical conductivity measurements.

Title: Utility of certain pi-acceptors for the spectrophotometric determination of norfloxacin
Authors: AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS); ELSAYED, GO (ELSAYED, GO); ISSA, YM (ISSA, YM)
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Simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of norfloxacin. The methods are based on the reaction of this drug as a pi-electron donor with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ), 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), p-chloranil (CL) or chloranilic acid (CLA) as pi-acceptors to give highly coloured complex species. The coloured products are measured spectrophotometrically at 460, 843, 550 and 531 nm for DDQ, TCNQ, CL and CLA, respectively. Optimization of the different experimental conditions is described. Beer's law is obeyed in the range 10-400 mu g ml(-1) and colours were produced in non-aqueous media and were stable for at least 3 h. Applications of the suggested methods to representative pharmaceutical dosage forms are presented and compared with the official method. Interferences from additives and common degradation products were investigated.

Title: Synthesis and spectroscopy of 1,4-dialkylbenzenes
Authors: ISSAC, YA (ISSAC, YA); ELZEIN, SM (ELZEIN, SM); BARAKAT, Y (BARAKAT, Y)
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Five linear 1,3-dialkylbenzenes namely dibutyl-, dipentyl-, dihexyl-, diheptyl- and dioctylbenzenes were prepared in good yield via two simple catalytic routes under very mild conditions and affording insignificant side products. The starting feed, 1,4-di(1'-hydroxyalkyl) benzene was obtained from terephthalaldehyde and the appropriate n-alkylbromide through Grignard reaction. 1,4-Di (1'-hydroxyalkyl) benzenes were converted into the corresponding I,4-dialkylbenzenes either by oxidation-hgdrogenation or dehydration-hydrogenation routes. Oxidation was carried out at 50 degrees C using CrO3 and dehydration step was performed using anhydrous CuSO4 at 165-170 degrees C. Pd/C or (Pt/C) was used to catalyse the hydrogenation step at 60 degrees C and 3.4 bar H-2 pressure. Mass spectra of the obtained compounds were discussed. H-1-NMR and IR spectra were measured to add further confirmation to the structure.

Title: Cyclic voltammograms of iron and c-steels in oxalic-acid solutions and investigation of the effect of phenyl phthalimide as corrosion-inhibitors
Authors: ABDALLAH, M (ABDALLAH, M); MEGAHED, HE (MEGAHED, HE)
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The electrochemical behaviour of Fe and C-steel samples in oxalic acid solutions was studied by the use of cyclic voltammetry. Two peaks were observed; the first one was the anodic peak and the second one an unexpected reductive dissolution peak which could be observed in the cathodic branch of cyclic voltammograms of all electrodes studied. The carbon content was found to increase the active dissolution of steels and to decrease their tendency towards passivation. The inhibitive efficiency of phenyl phthalimide derivatives on the active dissolution of Fe and steel samples in 0.1 M oxalic acid were investigated.

Title: Dissolution kinetics of nickel-alloys and stainless-steel in acidic media
Authors: MABROUK, EM (MABROUK, EM); MEGAHED, HE (MEGAHED, HE); ABDALLAH, M (ABDALLAH, M); ELFATTAH, AAA (ELFATTAH, AAA)
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The effect of HNO3 concentration and addition of the sodium salts of Cl-, CrO42-, WO42-, MoO42-, HPO42- and CO32- on the dissolution kinetic parameters of Ni, Inconel 600, Incoloy 800 and 316 SS were studied. Increase of acid concentration and addition of NaCl increased the corrosion rate. The remaining anion had an inhibitive effect by decreasing the rate of tire anodic reaction.

Title: On the rotation of a nonhomogeneous composite infinite cylinder of orthotropic material
Authors: ELNAGGAR, AM (ELNAGGAR, AM); ABDALLA, AM (ABDALLA, AM); AHMED, SM (AHMED, SM)
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The rotation problem of an orthotropic cylinder containing. (i) an isotropic core and (ii) a rigid core is considered. The elastic constants and density are taken as a power function of the radial coordinate. Analytical expressions for the components of the stress in different cases are obtained. Finally, the results are illustrated graphically.

Title: Selective and quantitative-determination of cobalt using some arsenate compounds
Authors: ZAREH, MM (ZAREH, MM); AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS); ELHENAWEE, MM (ELHENAWEE, MM)
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A very simple, highly sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method for the rapid determination of cobalt (II) in aqueous media containing 30% (v/v) ethanol is described. The method is based on the formation of green colour complex by the reaction of cobalt (II) with 1'-(2-arsenito-phenylazo) 2'-naphthol (I-a) and its 3'-carboxylic acid (I-b) in basic media. The effects of amount of reagent, pH, time and temperature have also been studied. Beer's law is obeyed over the range 0.1-4.0 mu g ml(-1) of cobalt with a minimum photometric error of 1.33%. A fair degree of selectivity for cobalt is achieved by measuring the absorbance of green colouration at 580 and 582 nm for I-a and I-b, respectively. The molar absorptivities for the green complexes are 3.65 and 4.1 x 10(4)-1 mol(-1) cm(-1) sensitivities are 8.1 and 7.2 ng cm for complexes of reagent I-a and I-b, respectively. The proposed method has been applied to determination of vitamin B-12 (cyanocohalamine phosphate) in pure form and in various pharmaceutical formulations.

Title: Thermal-decomposition of iron(iii) oxalate-magnesium oxalate mixtures
Authors: :BASAHEL, SN (BASAHEL, SN); ELBELLIHI, AA (ELBELLIHI, AA); GABAL, M (GABAL, M); DIEFALLAH, EHM (DIEFALLAH, EHM)
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The differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry (DTA-TG) behaviour of chemically coprecipitated iron(III) oxalate-magnesium oxalate (1: 1 mole ratio) was investigated. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) of samples calcined at different temperatures showed that magnesium ferrite is formed in samples heated at higher temperatures. Integral composite analyses of dynamic TG data of the decomposition reactions in the coprecipitated mixture were carried out using various solid state reaction model equations, and the results showed that the decomposition reactions are best described by the two- and three-phase boundary, R(2) and R(3) models. Kinetic analyses of dynamic data were also carried out in accordance with the integral methods of Ozawa and Coats-Redfern and the results are discussed in comparison with the integral composite analysis of data.

Title: Non self-adjoint quasi-differential operators with discrete spectra
Authors: IBRAHIM, SE (IBRAHIM, SE)
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Title: Application of alizarine derivatives as chromogenic reagents for the spectrophotometric determination of some sulfa drugs
Authors: AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS); ELSAYED, GO (ELSAYED, GO); ISSA, YM (ISSA, YM)
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A spectrophotometric procedure for the determination of six pharmaceutical sulfonamides containing a primary aromatic amino group using alizarine (I), alizarine blue (II), alizarine red (III), and quinalizarine (IV), that offers advantages of simplicity, rapidity, sensitivity, precision, and stability, has been developed. The proposed method is based on the formation of colored products with the chromogenic reagents (I-IV). A linear correlation was found between absorbance at lambda(max) and the concentration. For more accurate results, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges are evaluated. The molar absorptivities (epsilon), absorptivities (a), and Sandell sensitivities for all sulfonamides derivatives with the chromogenic reagents tested were calculated. The procedures developed are applied for bulk sulfa drugs and some of their dosage forms. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc.

Title: Formation of copper-chromium sulfide spinel and thermal-decomposition reactions in cus-cr2s3 crystalline mixtures
Authors: DIEFALLAH, EHM (DIEFALLAH, EHM); OBAID, AY (OBAID, AY); SAMARKANDY, AA (SAMARKANDY, AA); BADEI, MMA (BADEI, MMA); ELBELLIHI, AA (ELBELLIHI, AA)
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Differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry (DTA-TG), X ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were used to study the formation of CuCr2S4 spinel and the thermal decomposition reactions in crystalline mixtures of copper and chromium sulfides. The copper-chromium sulfide spinel was characterized by XRD and SEM and the kinetics of formation was followed in the temperature range 200-300 degrees C by a titrimetric method. Kinetic analysis in view of various solid-state reaction models showed that the reaction is best described by the diffusion models with an average activation energy 24.6 +/- 1.6 kJ/mol. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc.

Title: Synthesis and reactions of (2-methylquinazol-4-oxy)acetic acid hydrazide
Authors: WASFY, AAF (WASFY, AAF); YASSIN, FA (YASSIN, FA); EISSA, AMF (EISSA, AMF)
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(2-Methylquinazol-4-oxy) acetic acid hydrazide (3) reacts with appropriate aldehydes and ketone to give the corresponding hydrazone derivatives (4a-c and 6) which are subsequently cyclised to 4-thiazolidinone (5a-c) and pyrazole derivatives (7), respectively. Also, the cyclisation of the hydrazide 3 with acetonylacetone yield pyrrole derivative 8. Reaction of 3 with phenyl isothiocyanate and/or phenyl isocyanate in different solvents produced S-triazole (9), thiosemicarbazide and semicarbazide derivatives (10a,b), respectively. Compounds 10a,b are susceptible to ring-closure on treatment with phenacyl bromide leading to thiazole and oxazole derivatives (11a,b).

Title: New polycrystalline solid-state responsive electrodes for the determination of the selenite ion
Authors: ZAREH, MM (ZAREH, MM); AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS); ABDELAZIZ, M (ABDELAZIZ, M)
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New electrodes for the selective determination of selenite were constructed by compressing either HgSeO3 or a mixture of HgSeO3 and Hg2Cl2. The linear concentration range was 6.0 x 10(-5)-10(-1) M with a slope of 29.5 mV/concentration decade. The usable pH range for both electrodes was wide (3-10) and their life span was up to 8 days. Selectivity coefficient values were determined for various anions and no significant interferences were observed for most of them. The solubility products of some sparingly soluble selenite salts were determined using the latter electrode.

Title: Amphoteric surface active agents
Authors: Eissa, AMF (Eissa, AMF)
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2-[trimethyl ammonium, triethyl ammonium, pyridinium and 2-amino pyridinium] alkanoates, four series of surface active agents containing carbon chain C-12, C-14, C-16 and C-18 carbon atoms, were prepared. Their structures were characterized by microanalysis, infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Surface and interfacial tension, Krafft point, welting time, emulsification power, foaming height and critical micelle concentration (cmc) were determined and a comparative study was made between their chemical structure and surface active properties. Antimicrobial activity of these surfactants was also determined.

Title: Synthesis and efficiency of 5-(2-hydroxyphenylazo)-indazoles as new reagents for the determination of vanadium
Authors: MOUSTAFA, ME (MOUSTAFA, ME); ELMOSSALAMY, EH (ELMOSSALAMY, EH); AMIN, AS (AMIN, AS)
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Four ate compounds based on 5-aminoindazole have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis as well as different spectroscopic techniques. The potentiality of the prepared compounds as new chromophoric reagents for the spectrophotometric determination of VO2+ was studied by extensive investigation of optimum conditions favouring the formation of the coloured complexes. The effect of interfering ions on the determination of VO2+ was investigated. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 1.0-12 mu g/ml. The detection limits are 0.8, 0.9, 0.7, and 1.1 mu g/ml using reagent 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d, respectively. The standard deviations of the proposed method are 0.098, 0.111, 0.089, and 0.078. The molar absorptivities are 5.8, 6.7, 6.1, and 8.2 x 10(3) l . mol(-1). cm(-1) for 1a-d, respectively, whereas Sandell sensitivities are found to be 0.0187, 0.0163, 0.0174, and 0.0146 mu g . cm(-2) using the same reagents. The ability of using these reagents as metallochromic reagents in complex on III titrations was also studied.

Title: Thermodynamic and voltammetric studies of salicylaldehyde-4-(2-pyridyl)-3-thiosemicarbazone
Authors: SHEHATTA, IS (SHEHATTA, IS); HASSANEIN, AM (HASSANEIN, AM); MABROUK, EM (MABROUK, EM)
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UV spectra, de polarograms, cyclic voltammetry and coulometry measurements of salicylaldehyde-4-(2-pyridyl)-3-thiosemicarbazone (H2SPT) were recorded in Britton-Robinson buffer solutions of pH 2-12. The dissociation constants of H2SPT evaluated spectrophotometrically and potentiometrically in a 5% (v/v) DMF-water mixture are concordant. The dc-polarograms in solutions of pH < 8.5 exhibit a single 4-electron diffusion-controlled polarographic wave, whereas in solutions of pH > 8.5 two waves are observed. The cyclic voltammograms give a single cathodic peak in acidic and neutral solutions, whereas two cathodic peaks can be identified in alkaline ones. An electrode mechanism is proposed and discussed. The effect of temperature on the dissociation constants and the polarographic data was also investigated; the corresponding thermodynamic parameters were derived and are discussed.

Title: Electrical and thermal-properties of ammonium and potassium oxalates
Authors: MOSAAD, MM (MOSAAD, MM); ELSHAWARBY, A (ELSHAWARBY, A); ELTANAHY, ZH (ELTANAHY, ZH); ABDELKADER, MM (ABDELKADER, MM)
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The d.c. electrical conductivity (sigma) and the relative permittivity (epsilon) were accurately measured as a function of temperature in the range 300 < T < 450 K for ammonium oxalate monohydrate (AOX), (NH4)(2) C2O4H2O and potassium oxalate monohydrate (POX), K2C2O4H2O. Differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) from 300 K up to 520 K were also performed for each compound. The data of the electrical parameters combined with the DTA and/or DSC thermograms suggest the existence of a possible change in the electrical conduction at 350 K for AOX and at 355 K for POX. Like most hydrogen-bonded molecules, the charge carriers may be protons and the electrical conduction is therefore protonic. At somewhat higher temperatures, dehydration and/or decomposition takes place in each compound and is reflected as a sudden loss in weight in the TGA plot.

Title: Triterpenes from agave kerchovei
Authors: ELHASHASH, MA (ELHASHASH, MA); AMINE, MS (AMINE, MS); SHOEB, HA (SHOEB, HA); REFAHY, LA (REFAHY, LA)
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The whole part of Agave kerchovei (Fam: Agavaceae) collected from Orman garden, Giza, Egypt affords compounds 1, 2 and 3. Their structures have been assigned as tigogenin glycosides and sarsapogenin glycoside from spectral analysis. The glycosidic nature is confirmed by acid hydrolysis and identification of the resulting sugars.

Title: Corrosion inhibitors part 3: quantum chemical studies on the efficiencies of some aromatic hydrazides and schiff bases as corrosion inhibitors of steel in acidic medium
Authors: El Ashry, ESH (El Ashry, El Sayed H.); El Nemr, A (El Nemr, Ahmed); Essawy, SA (Essawy, Samy A.); Ragab, S (Ragab, Safaa)
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A quantum chemical study of the efficiency of some o-, m-, and p-substituted benzohydrazides, cinnamohydrazide, and Schiff bases derived from salcylaldehyde with o- substituted anilines, p-substituted benzaldehydes with 2-aminopyridine and 2-aminopyrimidine, benzaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde with p-phenylenediamine as corrosion inhibitors of steel in the presence of 1M HCl is presented. The AM1, PM3, MINDO/3 and MNDO semi-empirical SCF molecular orbital methods were used. A possible correlation between corrosion inhibition efficiencies and structural properties was searched to reduce the number of compounds to be selected for testing from a library of compounds. Quantum parameters, total negative charge (TNC) on the molecule, energy of highest occupied molecular orbital (E-HOMO), energy of lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (E-LUMO), dipole moment (mu), total energy (TE), and linear solvation energy terms, molecular volume (Vi) and dipolar-polarization (pi*) were correlated to corrosion inhibition efficiency of the studied compounds. The results were used to predict the corrosion inhibition of some related aromatic hydrazide derivatives with correlation coefficient r > 0.96.

Title: Some organic and inorganic compounds as inhibitors for carbon steel corrosion in 3.5 percent nacl solution
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M); El-Etre, AY (El-Etre, AY); Soliman, MG (Soliman, MG); Mabrouk, EM (Mabrouk, EM)
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Purpose - To study the effects of the sodium salts of molybdate, tungstate and monovanadate as well as some derivatives of Neville-Winter acid azo dyes on the corrosion of carbon steel in 3.5 percent NaCl solution. Design/methodology/approach - Open circuit potential measurement and potentiostatic polarization techniques have been used. Findings - It was found that all the compounds had inhibition effects on carbon steel dissolution. Inhibition efficiency (IE) increased with increase in inhibitor concentration. The process of inhibition was attributed to the formation of an adsorbed film on the metal surface, which protects the metal against the corrosive medium. The adsorption of these compounds on the steel/chloride interface was found to follow Freundlich adsorption isotherm behaviour. Originality/value - Proves the effectiveness of the sodium salts of molybdate, tungstate and monovanadate as well as some derivatives of Neville-Winter acid azo dyes on the corrosion of carbon steel in 3.5 percent NaCl solution.

Title: Analytical solutions of hydromagnetic boundary-layer flow of a non-newtonian power-law fluid past a continuously moving surface
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, MAA); Mahmoud, MAE (Mahmoud, MAE)
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The boundary-layer flow of a power-law non-Newtonian fluid over a continuously moving surface in the presence of a magnetic field B(x) applied perpendicular to the surface has been investigated. An analytical solution is obtained and compared with the numerical solution of the resulting non linear ordinary differential equation. The effects of the Stewart number (N) and the power law-index (n) on the velocity profiles and the skin-friction are studied.

Title: Spectro-polarographic studies on bis-azodye derived from ethylcyanoacetate
Authors: ELMOSSALAMY, EH (ELMOSSALAMY, EH); MABROUK, EM (MABROUK, EM)
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The electronic absorption spectra of bisazo compound[I] derived from 4-4-oxydianiline and ethylcyanoacetate were investigated in organic solvents of varying polarities and buffer solutions of. different pH. The important bonds in the IR spectra and the main H-NMR signals were assigned and discussed. Also, the polarographic behaviour of bisazo compound[I] was investigated in Britton-Robinson buffer series of pH 2-10. The polarograms in acid solution exhibited a single 8-electron, irreversible, diffusion-controlled wave corresponding to the cleavage of the two N=N centers, whereas in alkaline solutions one 4-electron wave is obtained. The cyclic voltammograms give two cathodic peaks in acid and neutral solutions, whereas in alkaline ones a single cathodic peak is observed. The electrode reaction mechanism is suggested and discussed.

Title: On the positive definite solutions of nonlinear matrix equation x plus a*x(-delta)a = q
Authors: Hasanov, VI (Hasanov, VI); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM)
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In this paper we consider the positive definite solutions of nonlinear matrix equation X + A(star)X(-delta)A = Q, where delta is an element of (0, 1], which appears for the first time in [S.M. El-Sayed, A.C.M. Ran, On an iteration methods for solving a class of nonlinear matrix equations, SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 23 (2001) 632-645]. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution are derived. An iterative algorithm for obtaining the positive definite solutions of the equation is discussed. The error estimations are found. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Spectrophotometric and conductometric determination of clindamycin hydrochloride in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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Two simple and accurate methods are described for the determination of clindamycin hydrochloride. The spectrophotometric method involves the formation of ion pair complex between clindamycin hydrochloride and rose bengal in slightly basic medium (pH 7.5). The colour formed is measured at lambda(max) 555 nm. The conductometric method involves direct titration of the drug rose bengal in an ethanol-water (2:1) (v/v) mixture. The optimum concentration range, precision, accuracy, standard deviation and relative standard deviation for both methods were calculated. The proposed methods were applied to the determination of the drug in pure and capsule forms.

Title: A numerical solution and an exact explicit solution of the nls equation
Authors: El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, SM); Kaya, D (Kaya, D)
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We consider traveling wave solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS for short) equation. In this paper by considering the decomposition scheme, we first obtain the exact solutions of the NLS equation for the initial condition without using any classical transformations and then its numerical solutions are constructed without using any discretization technique. The numerical solutions are compared with the known analytical solutions. Its remarkable accuracy is finally demonstrated in the study of some initial values of the NLS equation. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Dyeing of polyester and its blends with some disazo dyes derived from the disodium salt of chromotropic-acid and their chelates with transition-metal ions
Authors: MOUSTAFA, MM (MOUSTAFA, MM)
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Disazo dyes derived from the disodium salt of chromotropic acid and their chelates with metal ions were applied on polyester, polyester/cotton and polyester/wool blend fibres as disperse dyes. The fastness to washing, perspiration, rubbing and light of the resultant dyeings were measured. The bonding of dye or its complexes to the fibre and the effect of substituent groups on the colour fastness of the dyes are discussed.

Title: Synthesis and modification of zsm-5 with manganese and lanthanum and their effects on decolorization of indigo carmine dye
Authors: Othman, I (Othman, I); Mohamed, RM (Mohamed, RM); Ibrahim, IA (Ibrahim, IA); Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, MM)
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Hydrothermally synthesized ZSM-5 zeolite modified by manganese (Mn/ZSM-5) or lanthanum (La/ZSM-5) or mixture of both (Mn-La/ZSM-5) using impregnation technique was characterized by powder XRD, FTIR and N-2 adsorption measurements. These materials were tested for discoloration (adsorption) and mineralization (in the presence of UV irradiation) of indigo carmine (IC) dye. The results indicate that MnOx incorporated ZSM-5 that showed the highest lattice volume and pore radius between all samples presented the highest photocatalytic activity, comparatively. However, the Mn-La/ZSM-5 catalyst exhibited the lowest activity even when compared with the parent ZSM-5 sample. This was in part due to evoking of Mn3O4 species at the expense of Mn2O3 ones, which were proposed to be the active sites of the reaction. This reaction was found to be acidity dependent since Mn/ZSM-5 showed significant bands at 3650 and 3619 cm(-1) those in contrast appeared shapely in La/ZSM-5, whereas for Mn-La/ZSM-5 only a band at 3619 cm(-1) was obtained. On the other hand, the decolorization activity showed comparable high rates for Mn/ZSM-5 and Mn-La/ZSM-5 samples (100% removal) implying that the adsorption process is more referred to acid-base site pairs where the photocatalytic activity seems to be more restricted to acidic sites. The influence of pH, catalyst amount and time on the decolorization rate of IC on Mn/ZSM-5 was thoroughly investigated and correlated with ZPC of MnOx species, various exposed species of MnOx and surface properties. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Title: Molecular spectroscopic studies of charge transfer complexes of thiourea derivatives with benzoquinones
Authors: El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, EH)
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Charge transfer complexes of substituted-N-aryl-N-4-(-p-anisyl-5-arylazothiazolyl)thiourea with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinones (DDQ), chloranilic acid (CHLA), chloranil (CHL), bromanil (BRL) and iodanil (IDL) in methylene chloride were investigated spectrophotometrically to determine association constants (K), molar extinction coefficients (epsilon) and stoichiometric ratio. The effect of thermodynamic parameters (Delta G* and Delta H) on the stability of the complexes are discussed and the transition energy (E) of the CT complexes are reported. The solid CT complexes of the substituted-N-aryl-N-4-(-p-anisyl-5-arylazothiazolyl)thiourea with the above acceptors have been prepared and investigated by IR, electronic, H-1 NMR and ESR spectroscopy. Nonacidic acceptors yield complexes having pi-pi* and n-pi* bonding. Acidic acceptors yield complexes having pi-pi* and proton transfer interaction. The formation of 1:2 (D:A) complexes is also ascertained. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V

Title: Charge-transfer complexes of oxazolones with ''nitrobenzene'' pi-acceptors
Authors: ElMossalamy, EH (ElMossalamy, EH); Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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Charge-transfer molecular complexes of some 2-aryl-4-arylidene-5(4) oxazolanes with di- and trinitrobenzene have been studied at 25 degrees C. The stoichiometry and apparent formation constants of the complexes formed were determined by applying the conventional continuous variation method. The role of the molecular structure of the electron donor and acceptor compounds as well as the nature of the solvent on the formation of such charge-transfer complexes. Furthermore, association constants, oscillator strength, dipole moment, and free energy are elucidated. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc.

Title: Effect of flavour extraction on the phenolic constituents of grape leaves
Authors: Soliman, MMA (Soliman, MMA); Fadel, HM (Fadel, HM); Kaousar, AH (Kaousar, AH)
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Extraction of phenolic compounds of grape leaves after flavour extraction has been studied. Fractionation of these compounds was done using thin-layer and column chromatography and the compounds were identified by NMR analysis. A remarkable variation in the concentration of these phenolic compounds of all the varieties was observed, when subjected to flavour extraction.

Title: Modified spectrophotometric method for the determination of some important antibiotics through charge-transfer complexation reaction with chloranil
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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A new modified spectrophotometric procedures are presented for the determination of three pharmaceutical antibiotic compounds through chage-transfere complexation reaction with chloranil. The complex shows an absorption mAxima at 550 nm, having a molar absorptivity coefficient of 5.55x10(3),7.81x10(3) and 1.38x10(4) 1. mol(-1)cm(-1) for ampicillin, amoxycillin and neomycin, respectively. Optimization of the reaction conditions has been investigated. Obediance to Beer's law (40 mu g/ml) permitted the assay of thes drugs in its dosage forms. A variety of pharmaceutical dosage forms containing ampicillin, amoxycillin and neomycin are successfully analysed by the proposed procedure.

Title: The al-13-phosphatoantimonic acid synthesis and ion exchange properties
Authors: Aly, HM (Aly, HM)
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The Al-13-phosphatoantimonic acid Al-13-Sb3P2O14.x H2O has been prepared starting from K3Sb3P2O14 Thermal behaviour has been studied using TGA and DTA. pH titration curves of Al-13-phosphatoantimonic acid with alkali hydroxide solutions (Na+, K+ and Li+) shows a very promising ion exchanger. However, the capacities of the alkali metal were 4.08, 4.32 and 7.2 meq/g for Li+, Na+ and K+ respectively.

Title: Kinetic studies of na+ and k+ exchange on cerium phosphate
Authors: Aly, HM (Aly, HM)
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The kinetic studies of exchange of Na+ and K+ on cerium phosphate was studied In alkaline solutions under particle diffusion controle. The effective diffusion coefficient and activation energy have been evaluated. The entropies were calculated and found to be -13.9 and -22.0 J mol(-1) K-1 for Na+ and K+, respectively.

Title: Natural onion juice as inhibitor for zinc corrosion
Authors: El-Etre, AY (El-Etre, A. Y.)
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The inhibitive effect of the natural juice of onion bulb on the corrosion of zinc in HCl solution was determined using hydrogen evolution and weight loss measurements as well as potentiodynamic polarization technique. Potentiodynamic anodic polarization was used to determine the effect of the juice on pitting corrosion of zinc in NaCl solution. It is found that the presence of onion juice reduced markedly the corrosion rate of zinc in the acid solution. The inhibition efficiency increases as the juice concentration is increased. Moreover, the presence of the juice in NaCl solution shifts the pitting potential toward more positive direction. The inhibitive effect of onion juice is discussed on the basis of adsorption of its components on the metal surface. Such adsorption is found to follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Negative values were obtained for the energy of adsorption indicating the spontaneity of the adsorption process. The formation of insoluble complexes as a result of interaction between zinc cations and S-(1-propenyl)-L-cysteine sulfoxide, which is present in the juice, is also discussed.

Title: Synthesis of some saccharin derivatives of expected biological activity based on n-(saccharinyl)-acetic acid azide
Authors: Arief, MMH (Arief, MMH)
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Azide 3 was prepared from the corresponding acid chloride 2. The base catalyzed decomposition with aromatic amines, aminobenzoic acids and/or hydrazines afforded the corresponding anilides 4a-f and/or hydrazides 5a-d via azido group displacement. Compounds 5c and 5d were refluxed in Ac2O to give 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 6a and 6b. Lewis acid catalyzed decomposition of azide 3 with anhyh. AlCl3 in dry aromatic substrates gave the corresponding ketones 7a-c. Also, the reaction of azide 3 with glycine gave 9.

Title: Plasma-augmented combustion behaviour in methanol
Authors: Mehanna, EA (Mehanna, EA); Hassouba, MA (Hassouba, MA)
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High-current discharge is studied between two electrodes where the filling medium is a mixture of methanol and air. Combustion is ignited by a 52 U discharge between two T-shaped electrodes. The combustion device consists of a 52 U capacitor bank, a discharge and combustion chamber and diagnostic systems. Current disruption has been observed at the moment of a change between the capacitive and inductive discharges. This has been referred to plasma expansion and termination when there is no voltage between the electrodes. The disruption time increases with an increase in the charging voltage. The kinetic pressure of combustion has shown three different behaviours. The first type is similar to partial fuel normal combustion. The second type is complete normal combustion. The third type is fast plasma combustion which results when an exponential pressure decay due to the heat transport process, very low heat losses and the short rise time of the kinetic pressure is obtained.

Title: Reactions with alpha,beta-spiroepoxy-alkanones .1. synthesis and reactions of oxaspiro(2,5)octa-4-ones
Authors: Yousif, NM (Yousif, NM); Gad, FA (Gad, FA); Fahmy, AFM (Fahmy, AFM); Amine, MS (Amine, MS); Sayed, HH (Sayed, HH)
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2-Aryl-1-oxaspir(2,5)octa-4-ones Ia,b were synthesized and reacted with thiourea in ethanol to give hydroxy cyclohexanone derivatives IIa,b. Compounds IIa,b were readily cyclised into the corresponding 5-hydroxy quinazolines IIIa,b and their dehydrated derivatives IVa,b. A mixture of compounds III and IV were also prepared directly from the reaction of compounds Ia,b with thiourea in alkaline medium. Compounds Va,b were produced by reduction of corresponding IV. Compounds III or and V reacted with chloroacetic acid to give resp. VI and VIII which condensed with aromatic aldehydes to form resp, VIII and IX.

Title: Control of a nonlinear dynamic structural model of an f-15 tail section under primary resonance
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, AF)
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We used two simple control laws based on linear velocity and quantic feedback to suppress the high-amplitude vibrations of a structural dynamic model of the twin-tail assembly of an F-15 fighter when subjected to harmonic resonance excitations. We developed the nonlinear differential equations of motion and obtained an approximate solution using the method of multiple scales. Four first-order equations governing the amplitudes and phases of the response were derived. Then, a bifurcation analysis was conducted to examine the stability of the system and investigate the performance of the control laws. The theoretical findings indicate that the control laws lead to effective vibration suppression and bifurcation control. The results show that both laws are effective at suppressing the vibrations. To compare the performance of both techniques, we calculated the power requirements for a simple system.

Title: On the evaporation of a semi-infinite target induced by a pulsed laser
Authors: El-Ghany, SESA (El-Ghany, SESA)
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The two-dimensional Laplace integral transform technique has been applied to get the temperature distributions in the molten and the solid parts of a semi-infinite target irradiated with a pulsed laser. Formulas for the time dependence of the evaporated part and the molten layer thicknesses of the target were found considering the temperature dependence of the absorption coefficient of the irradiated surface as well as the chemical reaction. As the illustrative example computations were carried out on an aluminum target. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Group classification of the dispersion equation of gaseous pollutants in presence of a temperature inversion
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, RG (Abdel-Rahman, RG)
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The Lie group method is applied to make a group classification of the PDE governs the dispersion of gaseous pollutants in the presence of a temperature inversion and obtained on a great varity of analytical solutions. The pollutants are assumed to be spread in the layer bounded by the ground surface and the inversion level and they are driven by wind in the horizontal direction. The general solution has been specified for two cases; (i) the ground absorbs all the gaseous pollutants and (ii) the ground does not absorb any pollutant. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Acetylacetone-formaldehyde reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of some sulfa drugs in pure and dosage forms
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Zareh, MM (Zareh, MM)
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A new simple and sensitive spectrophotometric procedure for the determination of sulfacetamide sodium (I), sulfadiazine (II), sulfadimidine (III) and sulfathiazole (IV) is based on the reaction of the drug with acetylacetone-formaldehyde reagent to give a yellow product having lambda(max) at 400 nm. Optimization of the reaction conditions has been investigated. A linear correlation was obtained between absorbance at lambda(max) and the concentration. The Beer's law limits of I, II, III and IV are 4-80, 4-72, 4-60 and 4-80 mu g/ml, respectively. For more accurate results, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were evaluated to be 6-76, 8-66, 6-56 and 8-75 mu g/ml for I, II, III and IV, respectively. The molar absorptivities and Sandell sensitivities for all sulfa drugs under consideration were evaluated. Relative standard deviations of 0.98, 1.07, 0.86 and 0.79% were obtained for I, II, III and IV, respectively. The method has been compared to the official method and found to be simple, accurate (t-test) and reproducible (F-test). The developed procedures were applied for bulk sulfa drugs and some of their dosage forms without interferences from additive and common prescribed drugs.

Title: Spectrophotometric assay of cephalosporins in pharmaceutical products, using chromotrope 2b and chromotrope 2r
Authors: Issa, YM (Issa, YM); Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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A simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of cephadroxil (I), cephalexin (II) and cephradine (III). The method is based on ion-pair complex formation between these derivatives and chromotrope 2B (C2B) or chromotrope 2R (C2R), to give a highly coloured radical anion. The coloured products are quantified spectrophotometrically at 542 and 564 nm for C2B and C2R, respectively. The optimization of the experimental conditions is described. The method has been used for the determination of 0.4-15, 0.4-14 and 0.4-18 mu g/ml of drugs I, II and III, respectively. The accuracy of the method is indicated by the excellent recovery (100.0 +/- 1.7%) and the precision is supported by the low relative standard deviations less than or equal to 1.5%. The sensitivity of the method is discussed and the results are compared with the official method. The interference from common degradation products and excipients was also studied. The proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of the different cephalosporins in dosage forms, with good precision and accuracy. The results were compared with those given by the official B.P. 1993 method.

Title: Synthesis, antibacterial and surface activity of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives
Authors: El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R)
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Sodium 1-[4-amino-5-mercapto-4H-(1,2,4)triazol-3-yl]heptadecane-1-sulfonate 2 has been used as a new precursor to Synthesize Some important biologically active heterocycles. Reaction of 2 with carbon disulphide in pyridine and acid chlorides yields the 1,2,4-triazole derivatives 3, 4a and 4b. Condensation of 2 with appropriate aldehydes gives 5a-c which have been cyclized by treating with thioglycollic acid to yield ha-c. Reactions of ? with phthalic anhydride and 4-metlylbenzenesulfonyl chloride gives 7 and 8. In addition, the reaction of 1, 2 with chloroacetaldehyde, phenacyl bromide, urea anti chloroacetyl chloride yields 9, 10, 11 and 12, respectively. On the other hand, refluxing, 2 with phenyl isothiocyanate gives 13 and 14. All these products have antimicrobial activity and they can be used as surface active agents.

Title: Studying the squeeze forces and tilting moments in misaligned radial face seals coning
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, GM (Abdel-Rahman, GM)
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The Reynolds equation for misaligned radial face seals coning is solved numerically, and the squeeze effects on the separating forces and tilting moments are studied. Also, the variations in the seal characteristics with eccentricity, thin film thickness and radius ratio are presented. ne numerical results for the forces and moments are given in nondimensional form.

Title: Synthesis and reactions of 6(4)-(p-benzylphenyl)-4(6)-phenylpyrimidine-2(1h) thione
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF); Amine, MS (Amine, MS); Eissa, AMF (Eissa, AMF)
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1,3-Diaryl-2-Propen-1-one reacted with thiourea in the presence of sodium ethoxide to furnish 4,6-diarylpyrimidine-2(1H) thione (2) under bar. The behaviour of (2) under bar towards nitrogen nucleophiles, and carbon electrophiles under Michael reaction conditions have been investigated. The oxidation of the thione (2) under bar gave the corresponding disulphide derivative . Acylation of (2) under bar yielded the corresponding S-acetyl- and N-benzoyl- derivatives, respectively.

Title: Converged hartree-fock and electron correlation calculations using systematically constructed basis sets of primitive gaussian type functions of s-symmetry
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, AS)
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The convergence of the matrix Hartree-Fock energies of Li+, H- and LiH prototype systems and electron correlation energies of LiH are studied when a systematic procedure for the construction of even-tempered basis sets of primitive Gaussian type functions of s-symmetry is employed. It is shown that an accuracy approaching the sub-mu Hartree level can be achieved for the total energies of Li+, H- and LiH within the Hartree-Fock approximation. While an accuracy approaching the sub-mu Hartree level can be achieved for the total energy of LiH within the Moller-Plesset perturbation level, an accuracy approaching the mu Hartree level can be achieved within the configuration interaction level. The Hartree-Fock energies of LiH approach the saturation faster than do the electron correlation energies. The convergence of Moller-Plesset perturbation series was basis set size dependent, but the convergence rate and the related Pople approximation were basis set size independent.

Title: On the similarity solutions for the free kramer equation .1.
Authors: Saied, EA (Saied, EA)
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We obtain a complete classification of all possible nontrivial similarity solutions of the Free Kramer equation, together with a necessary and sufficient condition for each type to be reduced to a heat equation. A confluent hypergeometric solution of the free Kramer equation is derived by some classes of similarity solutions.

Title: Xylenol orange as a new reagent for the colorimetric determination of selenium and tellurium
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Zareh, MN (Zareh, MN)
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Xylenol orange is proposed as new sensitive reagent for the colorimetric determination of selenium and tellurium. The reagent forms a pink colored radical cation with selenite and tellurite instantaneously at room temperature in slightly acidic medium. The pink species exhibits an absorption maximum at 568 and 569 nm with a molar absorption coefficient of 2.69 x 10(4) and 2.82 x 10(4) 1 mol(-1) cm(-1) and Sandell sensitivity of 2.94 and 4.52 ng cm(-2) for selenite and tellurite, respectively. A 10-fold molar excess of the reagent is necessary for the development of the maximum color intensity. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range 0.10-5.50 and 0.13-6.38 mu g ml(-1) of selenium and tellurium, respectively with an optimum concentration range of 0.35-5.10 and 0.40-6.00 mu g ml(-1), respectively using Ringbom method. The effects of acidity, time, temperature, order of addition of reagent, reagent concentration and the tolerance limit of the method towards various cations and anions usually associated with. selenium and tellurium are reported. The proposed method is extremely sensitive, reproducible and has been satisfactorily applied to the determination of trace amount of selenium in polluted water, plant material and medicated shampoo.

Title: Colorimetric microdetermination of some corticosteroid drugs using indophenol as chromophoric reagent
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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A simple, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of betamethasone (I), dexamethasone (II) and hydrocortisone (III), either in the pure form or in pharmaceutical formulations is described. Tile method is based on the development of a brown product with indophenol in basic aqueous-ethanolic (50% v/v) medium. The optimum reaction conditions for the charge transfer complex formed were assessed. The absorbance measurements were made at 820, 816 and 822 nn for I, II and III respectively. The calibration graph was linear in the range 1-26, 1-32 and 1-35 mu g/ml of I, II and III with slopes of 0.028, 0.021 and 0.024, respectively. For more accurate analysis, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were 2.5-23.0, 3.0-28.5 and 3.0-33.0 mu g/ml for I, II and III, respectively. The precision of the procedure was checked by calculating the relative standard deviation of ten replicate determinations on a sample containing 20 mu g/ml for each drug and was found to be 1.67, 1.39 and 1.85% for I, II and III, respectively. Many common excepience and common drugs present in their dosage forms do not interfere, and the tolerable levels were evaluated. Results of analysis of pure drugs and their dosage forms by the proposed method are in good agreement with those of the British Pharmacopoeia 1993 procedure.

Title: Fast deuteron and deuteron-like pairs produced in proton interactions with emulsion nuclei at 8.4 gev/c
Authors: ElNadi, M (ElNadi, M); AbdElHalim, SM (AbdElHalim, SM); Yasin, MN (Yasin, MN)
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The probability of deuteron formation resulting from the interaction of high energy protons with nucleons, light nuclei (CNO) and heavy nuclei (Ag, Br) is discussed. The proportionality of the identified deuterons and protons (produced at the same angle due to the same interaction) agrees with that of the Butler and Pearson model which owes the deuteron formation to the average nuclear interaction seen by the cascade nucleons within the nucleus and then the normal n-p interaction. The data are based on the momentum and angular distributions of the outgoing particles.

Title: New exact solutions of heat conduction in metals
Authors: Saied, EA (Saied, EA)
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We consider the way in which a solution to a class of nonlinear partial differential equations S(u)u(t)=(K(u)u(x))(x) approaches the similarity form. The problem we solve is chosen for two main reasons: first the equation above is of widespread use in modeling physical situations and second it provides a tractable but significant example of a free boundary problem.

Title: Flow of a fluid of grade two between two eccentric rotating spheres
Authors: AbuElHassan, A (AbuElHassan, A); Wahab, MA (Wahab, MA); ElBakry, MY (ElBakry, MY)
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The isothermal, stationary and isochoric flow of a fluid of grade two between a pair of rotating eccentric spheres is investigated. The equations of motion of first and second order are formulated and solved for the first order only. However, the equation of second order indicates the presence of secondary flow. The stress distributions are computed and used to determine the resultant forces and torques acting on the stationary outer sphere. An important result For rheometry is that the resultant torques can be used to determine the coefficient of viscosity, while the resultant force in the direction of the axis of symmetry may be employed to determine the second normal stress difference.

Title: Synthesis and investigation of n-methylacryloyloxytetrabromophthalimide polymer complexes with some transition metal chlorides
Authors: ElMossalamy, EH (ElMossalamy, EH); Khalil, AA (Khalil, AA)
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N-Methylacryloyloxytetrabromophthalimide (NMTP) monomer was prepared and studied by elemental analysis and IR, H-1 NMR and UV-vis spectroscopy. The effect of solvent on UV-vis spectra is considered. Complexes of (NMTP) with Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) and Fe(III) chlorides have been studied. The equilibrium constants (K-c) of some metal ions, molar extinction coefficients (epsilon), ionization potential (IP), the stoichiometry and foreign ions are determined, The solid complexes have been prepared and investigated by elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis and ESR spectroscopy to elucidate the structural configuration.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of some biologically active pyrimidine derivatives containing sulphur .1.
Authors: Amine, MS (Amine, MS); Nassar, SA (Nassar, SA); ElHashash, MA (ElHashash, MA); Essawy, SA (Essawy, SA); Hashish, AA (Hashish, AA)
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Title: Momentum characteristics of the backward emitted shower particles in the interactions of 4.5 a gev/c c-12 and si-28 with emulsion
Authors: ElNadi, M (ElNadi, M); Abdelsalam, A (Abdelsalam, A); AliMoussa, N (AliMoussa, N)
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An analysis of momentum characteristics of the backward emitted shower particles has been performed using interactions of 4.5 A GeV/c C-12 and Si-28 With emulsion. These data have been compared with the corresponding ones in the forward hemisphere. The average values of momentum and transverse momentum in the backward and forward hemisphere are (P-b) = 182 +/- 11, (P-b) = 68 +/- 4, (P-f) = 720 +/- 10 and (P-l(f)) = 280 +/- 20, respectively. The transverse momentum distributions have been compared with Hagedorn's distribution and the corresponding temperatures have been deduced to be T-b = 27.2 +/- 1.6 and T-f = 112.0 +/- 5.6. The momentum distribution of shower particles emitted in the backward hemisphere has an exponential form with slope parameter T-0 = 46 MeV/c.

Title: Synthesis and exchange reactions of poly-n-acryloyloxytetrabromophthalimide as activated polymer
Authors: Khalil, AA (Khalil, AA); Moustafa, HY (Moustafa, HY); Arief, MMH (Arief, MMH)
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The synthesis of N-acryloyloxytetrabromophthalimide was accomplished in fair yield by the reaction of acryloyl chloride with N-hydroxytetrabromophthalimide in the presence of triethylamine. Following polymerization of the monomer, exchange reactions of the resulting polymer with amines, amino acids, alcohols, phenols and hydroxybenzoic acids were studied.

Title: Analytical application of atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of chlorpheniramine maleate and chlorphenoxamine hydrochloride in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Issa, YM (Issa, YM); Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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A new simple, accurate, precise and sensitive indirect method for the determination of chloropheniramine maleate (CPRM) and chlorophenoxamine HCl (CPX HCl) using atomic absorption spectrometry has been developed. The method is based on precipitation of the ion associates formed by the reaction of CPRM or CPX HCl with ammonium reineckate and/or sodium cobaltinitrite. The solubility of the solid complexes at the optimum conditions of pH and ionic strength values have been studied. Saturated solutions of each ion-associate were prepared under the optimum conditions and the metal ion-content in the supernatant was determined. The solubility products were thus calculated at different temperatures and the thermodynamic parameters Delta H, Delta G and Delta S were determined. The method has been used for the determination of 15.6-156.4 and 13.6-136.1 mu g/mL of CPRM and CPX HCl, respectively using ammonium reineckate and 23.4-234.5 and 20.4-204.2 mu g/mL, using sodium cobaltinitrite. The method developed was applied for analysis of bulk drugs and some of their pharmaceutical preparations.

Title: Initiation and inhibition of pitting corrosion of incoloy 800 and 316 stainless steels
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M); AbdelHaleem, SM (AbdelHaleem, SM)
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Cyclic voltammograms and potentiodynamic anodic polarization curves were obtained for Incoloy 800 and 316 stainless steels in varying concentrations of NaCl. The integrated charge amounts, q(a), in presence of Cl(-)ions was taken as a measure of the extent of pitting corrosion while the difference in values between pitting potential and protection potential (E(pit) - E(pp) was taken as a measure of pit repassivation ability. The pitting potential varies with the logarithm of Cl(-)ion concentrations according to sigmoidal - S - shaped curves which were explained on the basis of formation of passivitable, limiting active and continuously propagated pits depending on the concentration of Cl(-)ions. 316 stainless steel was found to have higher resistance to pitting corrosion than Incoloy 800. This was attributed to the presence of Mo in the former, addition of CrO42-, NO2-, VO3- and SiO42- to Cl- medium causes inhibition of pitting corrosion of bath alloys. The percentage inhibition efficiency (PIE) calculated from the change of the anodic charge (q(a)) in the absence and presence of inhibitors decreases in the order: CrO42- > NO2- > SiO42- > VO3-.

Title: Some characteristics of produced particles in o-16-emulsion collisions at different relativistic energies
Authors: Sherif, MM (Sherif, MM); AbdElHalim, S (AbdElHalim, S); Kamel, S (Kamel, S); Yasin, MN (Yasin, MN); Hussein, A (Hussein, A); Shaat, EA (Shaat, EA); AbouMoussa, Z (AbouMoussa, Z); Fakeha, AA (Fakeha, AA)
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The charged-particle multiplicities produced in inelastic interactions of O-16 ions at 3.7 and 60A GeV with emulsion nuclei are investigated and compared with theoretical predictions. Results from the interaction with CNO and AgBr target nuclei are analysed in terms of negative binomial (NB) distribution. Data from other nucleus-emulsion collision experiments have been used to fit an empirically proposed relationship for the average value of total charged multiplicity as a function of the geometrically determined number of interacting nucleons.

Title: Selective spectrophotometric method for the determination of erythromycin and its esters in pharmaceutical formulations using gentiana violet
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Issa, YM (Issa, YM)
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A simple and selective method for the determination of erythromycin and its stearate and succinate esters in their pure forms and in pharmaceutical formulations is described. The procedure is based on the formation of a blue-coloured (lambda(max) = 633 nm) complex with gentiana violet in alkaline medium. Different variables affecting the colour development were studied and optimized. The method was used to determine 2.5-25 mu g ml(-1) of erythromycin in the final measured solution. The simplicity of the method permits rapid analysis and it is thus suitable for routine control. The method is highly specific for the determination of stearate and succinate esters in pharmaceutical formulations. The reliability of the method was established by parallel determinations against the official British Pharmacopoeial method.

Title: Polarographic and spectrophotometric determination of la(iii), sm(iii), eu(iii) and gd(iii) complexes with some derivatives of aryl schiff base
Authors: Moustafa, ME (Moustafa, ME); Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, HA); Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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A comparative study of the reaction of La(III), Sm(III), Eu(III) and Gd(III) with some aryl Schiff bases has been carried out using polarographic and spectraphotometric methods. The optimum conditions for the determination of 1.39-20.84, 1.50-22.56, 1.52-22.80 and 1.57-23.59 mu g/ml of La(III), Sm(III), Eu(III) and Gd(III), respectively has bees studied. The proposed methods show an average recovery of 98.20% with standard deviation not exceeding +/- 0.058 indicating their reproducibility and sensitivity.

Title: Converged hartree-fock and frequency calculations molecular hydrogen
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, AS); Khamis, K (Khamis, K)
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Converged Hartree-Fock and frequency calculations of molecular hydrogen were obtained when a systematic procedure for constructing basis sets of primitive Gaussian type functions with s-, p-, d- and f-symmetry was employed.

Title: Interactions of 400 gev protons with different target nuclei in emulsion
Authors: ElNadi, M (ElNadi, M); Halim, SMA (Halim, SMA); Yasin, MN (Yasin, MN); ElNagdy, MS (ElNagdy, MS)
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The interaction characteristics of 400 GeV protons with emulsion nuclei were studied and discussed. The multiplicity distributions of secondary charged particles have been measured for 480 inelastic events and are compared with the results obtained in p-emulsion (P-Em) collisions at different energies. The integral distribution of the number of disintegrated particles from the target nuclei N-h is used to separate the number of the inelastic interactions of proton with light (CNO) and heavy (AgBr) nuclei in the emulsion. The interaction characteristics of protons (400 GeV) with different groups of target nuclei have been investigated. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd

Title: A theoretical study on the visibility of a speckle pattern based on a gabor hologram and speckle photography
Authors: ElNicklawy, MM (ElNicklawy, MM); Hassan, AF (Hassan, AF); ElZaiki, ME (ElZaiki, ME); ElDessouki, TA (ElDessouki, TA); ElGhany, SESA (ElGhany, SESA)
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The visibility of the speckle pattern resulting from the scattered radiation of transmitted beams through a diffusing surface has been studied for a Gabor hologram and speckle photography. The cases of strictly- and quasimonochromatic light ave also considered. Mathematical expressions for the dependence of the visibility on the distance from the centre of the undiffracted illuminating beam, its spectral half-width Delta f and the amplitude ratio m between the reference beam and the integrated scattered beams ave obtained. A graphical method is found for determining m and Delta f from the visibility as a function of the distance from the centre of the undiffracted illuminating beam. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.

Title: 1,4-arylation of beta-aroylacrylic acids with thiophene and utilization of the products in synthesis of some heterocycles
Authors: Amine, MS (Amine, MS); ElHashash, MA (ElHashash, MA); Soliman, FMA (Soliman, FMA); Soliman, AS (Soliman, AS)
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beta-Aroylacrylic acids react with thiophene in boiling benzene to give alpha-(2-thienyl)-beta-aroylpropionic acids (1a-c). The reactions of 1c with hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, semicarbazide hydrochloride, aromatic aldehydes, and acetic anhydride yield pyridazinone 2, oxazinone 3, semicarbazone 4, arylidene propionic acids (5a-c) and furanones (6a-c), respectively. The reactions of compound 6c with some nitrogen nucleophiles and aromatic hydrocarbons under Friedel Crafts' conditions have also been discussed.

Title: Stability constants and thermodynamic parameters of some transition metal ions with o-phenylenediamine schiff base in ethanol-water medium
Authors: Shama, SA (Shama, SA); Mabrouk, EM (Mabrouk, EM); Omara, H (Omara, H)
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Proton-ligand and metal-ligand stability constants of the o- phenylinediamine Schiff base derived from o-acetoacetylphenol with some transition metal ions (Cr3+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ were determined potentiometrically in PO % (v/v) ethanol-water medium at three different temperatures (298, 308 and 318 K). The order of stability constants of metal complexes was found to be Cr3+ > Fe3+ > Co2+ > Ni2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+ which was in a good agreement with Irving-Williams order. The thermodynamic parameters Delta G, Delta H and Delta S were calculated and discussed. The results of stability constants were also calculated and confirmed spectrophotometrically in 30 % (v/v) ethanol-water medium using universal buffer solutions. The stoichiometric ratios of (M:L) were determined spectrophotometrically and confirmed conductometrically.

Title: Preparation and characterization of a codeine responsive electrode
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Zareh, MM (Zareh, MM)
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The behaviour of codeine reineckate and codeine tetraphenylborate membrane electrodes has been observed with a respective Nernstian response of 58 and 56 mV/decade for 9.3 x 10(-5)-1.3 x 10(-3) M codeine sulfate solutions. The working pH ranges were 5-8 and 4-8, respectively. The selectivity towards sugars, amines, amino acids, cations, and some pharmaceutical compounds was found to be satisfactory. The isothermal temperature coefficient was 0.0014 V/degrees C. The electrodes were applied successfully for the determination of codeine in some pharmaceutical dosage forms with a relative standard deviation range of 0.16-0.30% and an average recovery of 98.6 +/- 0.6%.

Title: Heterocycles derived from 2-amino-5-[6-(dibenzothien-4-yl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3-yloxymethyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazole
Authors: Wasfy, AAF (Wasfy, AAF); Nassar, SA (Nassar, SA); Eissa, AMF (Eissa, AMF)
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2-Amino-5-[6-(dibenzothien-4-yl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3-yloxymethyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (2) has been synthesised by treating thiosemicarbazide with the acid 1. The amine (2) on treatment with aromatic aldehydes furnishes schiff bases of thiadiazoles (3a,b) which on reaction with thioglycollic acid yield 4-thiazolidinone derivatives (4a,b). Reaction of 2 with phenyl isocyanate and phenyl isothiocyanate give the corresponding aminocarbamide and aminocarbothiamide derivatives (6 and 7), respectively, which on reaction with malonic acid in acetyl chloride afford baribituric and thiobarbituric acid derivatives (8a,b), respectively. However, reaction of carbon disulphide and methyl iodide with 2 give dithiocarbamidate derivative (9) which on treatment with o-phenylenediamine and ethylenediamine give 10 and 11, respectively.

Title: Synthesis and spectrophotometric studies of the la3+, ce3+, nd3+, th4+ and uo22+ complexes of some thiohydantoin derivatives of azo dyes
Authors: Moustafa, MM (Moustafa, MM)
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Complexes of La3+, Ce3+, Nd3+, Th4+ and UO22+ with some derivatives of o-hydroxyphenylazo-1-methyl-3-phenyl-2-thiohydantoin have been investigated in solution by using spectrophotometric and conductometric titration methods. The composition of the complexes was determined to be 1:1 and 1:2 (M:L). The optimum conditions favouring the formation of the coloured complexes were studied extensively and their stability constants determined. Adherence to Beer's law was observed for the ppm concentration range. Spectrophotometric titration methods for La3+, Ce3+, Nd3+, Th4+ and UO22+ with EDTA in the presence of the ligand as an indicator are reported as are interferences by several metal ions. The solid complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, thermal methods (DTA and TGA), IR and solution H-1 NMR spectra.

Title: Investigation on some reactions of saccharinyl benzoic acid azides
Authors: Arief, MMH (Arief, MMH)
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Saccharinyl benzoic acid azides 2a-c were used to synthesize a number of noncondensed heterocyclic systems. Thus azides 2a or 2c reacted with glycine to give 1,3-oxazolin-5-one derivatives 3a and 3b. However azide 2b reacted to give diaryl urea derivative which was easily cyclized to give imidazol -2,5- dione (6). Also azides 2a-c reacted with glycolic acid to give 1,3-oxazolin -2,5-dione derivatives (7a-c) and with aroyl hydrazines to give the corresponding hydrazides (8a-f) which were cyclized to 1,3,5-oxadiazole derivatives (9a-f).

Title: Spectrophotometric studies of 4-(2-hydroxy-4-substituted-azobenzene)-2 methyl-quinolines as reagents for the determination of silver
Authors: ElMossalamy, EH (ElMossalamy, EH); Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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The spectroscopic behaviour of some quinoline azo dyes has been studied. A simple, rapid, accurate, and sensitive method for the spectrophotometric microdetermination of Ag(I) ions using the title compounds is given. The conditions for the formation of the coloured complexes are obeyed up to 26 mu g . ml(-1); the optimum concentration range for application of the Ringbom method is 2.5-23 mu g . ml(-1). The molar absorptivity and the Sandell sensitivity have also been calculated. The method proved to be successful in determining Ag+ in photography fixing solutions. The results agreed satisfactorily with those obtained using standard atomic absorption spectroscopy.

Title: Utilization of tetrazolium blue for the colorimetric assay of tannins in tea
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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A simple, rapid and accurate colorimetric method is proposed for the determination of tannins, based on the reduction of tetrazolium blue in alkaline medium by tannins at 90 +/- 2 degrees C for 15 min, leading to the formation of a highly coloured formazan derivative. Absorbance measurements were made at 527 nm and the calibration graph was linear for 0.2-9.0 mu g/ml of tannic acid. For more accurate analysis, the Ringbom optimum concentration range was found to be 0.5-8.2 mu g/ml. The relative standard deviation for the determination in a tea sample containing 7.55% tannins was 1.65%. Most of the ingredients commonly found in tea samples do not interfere with the determination. Several tea samples were analysed using the proposed method.

Title: Polarographic determination of metronidazole in pharmaceutical formulations and urine
Authors: ElSayed, GO (ElSayed, GO)
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The dc polarographic behavior of metronidazole is studied in McIlvaine buffers. The reduction is irreversible and exhibits two waves; the first is suitable for analytical purposes. The limiting current shows a linear dependence with the drug concentration in the range 0.02-1 mM. A new polarographic method is examined for determination of metionidazole in commercial tablets and human urine. (C) 1997 Academic Press.

Title: Quantitative determination of some pharmaceutical veterinary formulations using bromocresol purple and bromocresol green.
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, AS)
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A simple, sensitive, accurate and rapid spectrophotometric method for the determination of some anthelmintics that are used in veterinary medication is described, based on the formation of an ion pair complex with bromocresol purple (BCP) and bromocresol green (BCG). Drugs analyzed are piperazine hexahydrate, tetramisole hydrochloride and metronidazole. The drugs were determined either in pure powdered forms or in pharmaceutical formulations using the standard addition technique. The sensitivity, precision and accuracy of the method was discussed and the results compared with the official method of British Pharmacopoeia (B.P. 1993).

Title: Polarographic investigation of co(ii), ni(ii) and zn(ii) complexes with procaine
Authors: ElSayed, GO (ElSayed, GO); Issa, YM (Issa, YM)
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A d.c. polarographic study has been carried out on the complexes of Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) with procaine in NH4Cl (0.6 M)/borax (0.07 M) buffer solution of pH 8.2. The data obtained indicate that the reduction of Co(II) and Ni(II) ions occur irreversibly in the presence of the chelating agent. The kinetic parameters (alpha n and K(f,h)degrees) Of the two complexes were calculated. The study of Zn(II) complex shows a reversible reduction as indicated from the logarithmic analysis. The formed complex is (1:1) (metal:ligand), its formation constant was determined (log K=4.2 +/- 0.07).

Title: Synthesis and surface active properties of condensed and non condensed quinazoline derivatives of industrial application
Authors: Amine, MS (Amine, MS); Aly, AA (Aly, AA); El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R)
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A number of novel quinazolines and annulated quinazolines 4-11 are obtained via the nucleophilic interaction of 2-alkyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one 3 with different nitrogen nucleophiles. Hydrazinoquinazoline 11 is used for the synthesis of other quinazoline derivatives 12-14 through the reaction of different reagents. The antimicrobial, surface active properties and the biodegradability of some of the synthesized compounds are described.

Title: Esynthesis, antibacterial and surface activity of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives
Authors: El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R.)
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The use of sodium 1-(4-amino-5-mereapto-4H-[1,2,4] triazol-3-yl) And heptadecane-l-sulfonate (2) as new precursors to synthesize some important, biologically active heterocytes has been found to be effective. The reaction of 2 with carbon, disulphide in pyridine and acid chlorides yielded the 1,2,4-triazole, derivatives 3, 4a and 4b. The condensation, of 2 with appropriate aldehydes gave 5a-c which were cyclized by treating with thioglycollic acid to yield 6a-c. The reactions of 2 with phthalic anhydride and 4-methylbenzene-sultonylchloride gave 7 and 8. In addition., the reaction of 2 with chloroacetaidehyde, phenacyl bromide, urea and chloroacetyl chloride yielded 9, 10, 11 and 12. At the same time, refluxing 2 with phenyl lsothiocyanate gave 13 and 14. All these products have antimicrobial activity and they can be used as surface active agents.

Title: The surfactant sensitized analytical reaction of cerium(iv) with some triphenylformazan derivatives
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, IS); Amin, AS (Amin, AS); Issa, YM (Issa, YM)
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Cationic surfactant, cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB), sensitizes the colour reaction of cerium(IV) with 1,3-o-hydroxyphenyl-5-phenylformazan(I), 1-m-hydroxyphenyl-3-o-hydroxyphenyl-5-phenylformazan(II) and 1-m-carboxyphenyl-3-o-hydroxyphenyl-5-phenylformazan(III). The formation of a soluble ternary complex of stoichiometric ratio 1: 1: 1 (Ce(IV)-R-CPB) is responsible for the observed enhancement in the molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity of the formed complex, when a surfactant is present. The ternary complex exhibits absorption maxima at 596, 571 and 607 nm (epsilon = 6.05 x 10(4), 6.28 x 10(4) and 8.06 x 10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1)) using triphenylformazan derivatives 1, 11 and 111, respectively. Beer's law is obeyed between 0.15 and 2.5 mu g ml(-1), whereas, optimum concentration range applying Ringbom method is in the range 0.30-2.25 mu g ml(-1). Conditional formation constants in the presence and absence of CPB for Ce(IV) complexes have been calculated. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the analysis of magnesium-base cerium alloys and synthetic mixtures corresponding to various cerium alloys. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis and non-isothermal degradations of the bridged diacetato-diamido-diamine-uranyl complex
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, IS)
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The new bridged diacetato-diamido-diamine-uranyl complex {2[(UO2)(H2N)(H3N)(OOCCH3)]} was prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR measurement as well as TG and DTA analysis. The kinetic parameters; activation energy (E-a), pre-exponential factor (A) and the order of decomposition (n) were calculated from TG curves using Coats-Redfern and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods. The mechanism of decomposition has been established from TG and DTA data. The data obtained agree quite well with the expected structure and show that the complex finally decomposes to form UO3. A general mechanism describing the formation of bridged complex {2[(UO2)(H2N)(H3N)(OOCCH3)]} is proposed.

Title: Spherical couette flow of oldroyd 8-constant model - part i. solution up to the second-order approximation
Authors: Abu-El Hassan, A (Abu-El Hassan, A.)
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The steady flow of an incompressible Oldroyd 8-constant fluid in the annular region between two spheres, or so-called spherical Couette flow, is investigated. The inner sphere rotates with anangular velocity about the z-axis, which passes through the center of the spheres, while the outer sphere is kept at rest. The viscoelasticity of the fluid is assumed to dominate the inertia such that the latter can be neglected in the momentum equation. An analytical solution is obtained through the expansion of the dynamical variables in a power series of the dimensionless retardation time. The leading velocity term denotes the Newtonian rotation about the z-axis. The first-order term results in a secondary flow represented by the stream function that divides the flow region into four symmetric parts. The second-order term is the viscoelastic contribution to the primary viscous flow. The first-order approximation depends on the viscosity and four of the material time-constants of the fluid. The second-order approximation depends on the eight viscometric parameters of the fluid. The torque acting on the outer sphere has an additional term due to viscoelasticity that depends on all the material parameters of the fluid under consideration. For an Oldroyd-B fluid this contributed term enhances the primary torque but in the case of fluids with higher elasticity the torque components may be enhanced or diminished depending on the values of the viscometric parameters.

Title: The effect of the substitution level of some dextran-methotrexate conjugates on their antitumor activity in experimental cancer models
Authors: Nevozhay, D (Nevozhay, D); Budzynska, R (Budzynska, R); Jagiello, M (Jagiello, M); Kanska, U (Kanska, U); Omar, MS (Omar, MS); Opolski, A (Opolski, A); Wietrzyk, J (Wietrzyk, J); Boratynski, J (Boratynski, J)
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Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used in the treatment of a number of oncological and hematological diseases. Due to its known limitations, MTX is often conjugated with different carriers to obtain amended forms of the drug. In this study, the potential influence of the substitution level (loading ratio) of the dextran T10- and T40-based MTX conjugates (D-MTX) on their properties were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The clear dependence of the in vitro antiproliferative effect on the substitution level was established only in the case of the dextran T10-based preparations (T10-MTX conjugates). Conjugates with the higher substitution level had the lower antiproliferative effect. For the dextran T40-based (T40-MTX conjugates) set no similar relationship was observed in the tested range of substitution levels, nor was any dependence observed between the biological properties of the D-MTX preparations in vivo and their substitution levels. However, the difference between the two conjugates was well pronounced in a multiple-dose schedule, when the advantage of T40-MTX over T10-MTX was cumulative during the prolonged course of administration.

Title: Corrosion inhibitors - part ii: quantum chemical studies on the corrosion inhibitions of steel in acidic medium by some triazole, oxadiazole and thiadiazole derivatives
Authors: El Ashry, ESH (El Ashry, ESH); El Nemr, A (El Nemr, A); Esawy, SA (Esawy, SA); Ragab, S (Ragab, S)
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The corrosion inhibition efficiencies of some triazole, oxadiazole and thiadiazole derivatives for steel in presence of acidic medium have been studied by using AM1, PM3. MINDO/3 and MNDO semi-empirical SCF molecular orbital methods. Geometric structures, total negative charge on the molecule (TNC), highest occupied molecular energy level (E-HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular energy level (E-LUMO), core-core repulsion (CCR), dipole moment (mu) and linear solvation energy terms, molecular volume (V-i) and dipolar-polarization (pi(*)), were correlated to corrosion inhibition efficiency. Four equations were proposed to calculate corrosion inhibition efficiency. The agreement with the experimental data was found to be satisfactory: the standard deviations between the calculated and experimental results ranged between +/- 0.03 and +/- 4.18. The inhibition efficiency was closely related to orbital energies (E-HOMO and E-LUMO) and mu. The correlation between quantum parameters and experimental inhibition efficiency has been validated by single point calculations for the semi-empirical AM I structures using B3LYP/6-31G** as a higher level of theory. The proposed equations were applied to predict the corrosion inhibition efficiency of some related structures to select molecules of possible activity from a presumable library of compounds. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Plasma deposition by a coaxial discharge in powder
Authors: El-Gamal, HA (El-Gamal, Hoda A.); El-Tayeb, HA (El-Tayeb, Hoda A.); Hassouba, MA (Hassouba, Mohamed A.); Abdul-Moname, M (Abdul-Moname, Mohamed)
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Different types of material powder have been placed at the breach of a coaxial discharge for impulse plasma deposition. The coaxial discharge is powered with a 46.26 mu F, 24 kV capacitor bank. When the discharge takes place at the breach, the powder is evaporated and ionized to form a sheath of its material. The plasma sheath is ejected from the discharge zone with a high velocity to be deposited on a glass substrate. It has been found from scanning electron microscopy analysis that the deposited material is almost homogeneous for ceramic and graphite powders. The grain size is estimated to be of the order of a few microns. To measure the deposited material thickness, a microdensitometer, a laser interferometer and an optical microscope are used. It has also been found that the deposited material thickness depends on the discharge number of shots and the capacitor bank energy

Title: Synthesis and pharmacological activity of annelated pyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, A. A.)
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A series of 2,3-diglycosylpyrimidine 4, annelated pyrimidine derivatives, pyrazolo-[3,4-d]pyrimidine 8, ditetrazolo[1,5-a;1',5'-c]pyrimidine 9, 2,9a,10-triazaanthracene 12, thieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine 14, 9-thia-1,3,5,7-tetraazafluorene-8-one-15, 7-oxa-9-thia-1,3,5-triazafluorene-8-one 16, and 5-oxa-9-thia-1,3-diazafluorene 21a,b derivatives have been synthesized via a sequence of heterocyclization reactions of suitably functionalized 6-[5-(4-bromophenyl)oxazol4-yl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-thioxo-4-oxopyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (2) with different electrophiles and nucleophiles. The new compounds were prepared with the objective to study their pharmacological properties.

Title: Cortical spreading depression elicited in rat brain after exposure to microwave from gsm mobile phone.
Authors: Sallam, Samera M
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The aim of the present work is to evaluate possibility of microwave emitted by cellular phone that can elicit cortical spreading depression (CSD) in rat brain and studying the characteristics of the evoked signals. (CSD) was elicited in cerebral cortex of anesthetized rats after exposure to microwave irradiation (935.2-960.2 MHz) from Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) mobile phone. With the microwave output of about 8.5 mW at the antenna - tissue surface (4mm in diameter), CSD was elicited after 50 sec irradiation from the beginning of a received signal to the mobile and after 35 sec irradiation from the beginning of a transmitted signal from the mobile. CSD was elicited in about 90% of experiments after irradiation by both types of signal exposure. The results have shown that slow potential change (SPC) has an amplitude of 4.5 ± 0.75 mV, duration of 1.5 ± 0.5 min and propagated speed of 3 mm/min on the average. The amplitude, duration and behaviour of SPC of the evoked spreading depression were found to be affected by irradiation time and the method of exposure.

Title: Time series analysis of ionization waves in dc neon glow discharge
Authors: Hassouba, MA (Hassouba, M. A.); Al-Naggar, HI (Al-Naggar, H. I.); Al-Naggar, NM (Al-Naggar, N. M.); Wilke, C (Wilke, C.)
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The dynamics of dc neon glow discharge is examined by calculating a Lyapunov exponent spectrum (LES) and correlation dimension (D-corr) from experimental time series. The embedding theory is used to reconstruct an attractor with the delay coordinate method. The analysis refers to periodic, chaotic, and quasi-periodic attractors. The results obtained are confirmed by a comparison with other methods of time series analysis such as the Fourier power spectrum and autocorrelation function. The main object of the present work is the positive column of a dc neon glow discharge. The positive column is an excellent model for the study of a non-linearity plasma system because it is nonisothermal plasma far from equilibrium. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.

Title: Nonlinear vibration of a post-buckled beam subjected to external and parametric excitations
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, A. F.)
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An analytical investigation of the nonlinear vibration of a post-buckled beam subjected to harmonic excitations is presented. The system can be modelled as a nonlinear oscillator with parametric and external excitations having frequencies Omega(1) and Omega(2). The method of multiple scales is used to determine to second order the amplitude and phase-modulation equations. Attention is focused on subharmonic resonances (Omega(1) congruent to 2 omega(0), Omega(2) congruent to 2 omega(0); Omega(1) congruent to 3 omega(0), Omega(2) congruent to 3 omega(0); Omega(1) congruent to 4 omega(0), Omega(2) congruent to 4 omega(0); Omega(1) congruent to 5 omega(0) and Omega(1) congruent to 6 omega(0)) where omega(0) is the natural frequency. Steady-state amplitude for each case is plotted as a function of a detuning parameter showing the influences of the several parameters. Stability is performed on figures by solid and broken lines. There exist multivalued solutions which increase or decrease by the variation of some parameters. The response amplitude is not affected by increasing and decreasing the parameters F-1 and alpha(3) for the cases of subharmonics of order one-half and one-third. The solution loses stability on increasing the parameters alpha(4), alpha(5) and F-1 in the case of subharmonic resonance of order one-fifth and also for decreasing the parameters mu and alpha(4) in the case of subharmonic resonance of order one-sixth.

Title: Vibrations and dynamical stability of nonlinear system of rods to biharmonic excitations
Authors: ElBassiouny, AF (ElBassiouny, A. F.)
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In this paper, the method of internal resonances in a system of rods under vertical kinematic biharmonic excitation is presented. The elements of the system are connected with articulated joints. The couplings of the elements of the system through internal longitudinal forces, which are parametrical, are taken into account. The analysis of such objects under kinematic excitation may have essential significance in the study of paraseismic phenomena. The fundamental problem is to choose the appropriate model of the described object ( structures, buildings, mechanical devices and mechanisms). The model includes some important properties of the object in the particular situation. The autoparametric phenomena can play an essential role in the processes of destruction of described objects. The equations of motion are obtained from Lagrange's equations and the harmonic balance method is applied. Nonlinear terms appear in the equations of motion. These terms are nonlinear damping and nonlinear inertia and have a geometric nature. The amplitudes of the vibrations in the stationary states of internal resonance are investigated. Plots of the amplitudes against frequency are presented.

Title: Theoretical modeling of laser light generation and color image formation: f-a1 : tl+ and f-a2 : ga+ color centers at the low coordination (100) and (110) surfaces of agcl and agbr
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.); Kamel, MA (Kamel, M. A.); Elbaiomy, MA (Elbaiomy, M. A.); Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)
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The F-A1:T1(+) and F-A2:Ga+ color centers at the low coordination (100) and (110) surfaces of AgCl and AgBr play important roles in laser light generation and color image formation. Double-well potentials at these surfaces are investigated by using quantum mechanical ab initio methods. Quantum clusters of variable sizes were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces, and ions that were the nearest neighbors to the FA-defect site were allowed to relax to equilibrium. The calculated Stokes shifts suggest that laser light generation is sensitive to the simultaneous effects of the vibrational coupling mode, the impurity cation, the coordination number of the surface ion, the lattice anion, and the choice of the basis set centered on the anion vacancy. An attempt has been made to explain these effects in terms of Madelung potential, electron affinity and optical-optical conversion efficiency. All relaxed excited states of the defect-containing surfaces were deep below the lower edges of the conduction bands of the ground state defect-free surfaces, suggesting that the F-A1:T1(+) and F-A2:Ga+-centers are suitable laser defects. The dependence of orientational destruction, recording sensitivity and exciton (energy) transfer on the impurity cation, the coordination number of the surface ion, and the type of the lattice anion is clarified. The Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule is generalized to include the impurity cation and the coordination number of the surface ion. As far as color image formation is concerned, the supersensitizer was found to increase the sensitizing capabilities of two primary dyes in the excited states by increasing the relative yield of quantum efficiency. The (110) surfaces of AgBr and AgCl were more sensitive than the corresponding (100) surfaces, and AgBr thin film was found to be more sensitive than that of AgCl. On the basis of quasi-Fermi levels, the difference in the sensitizing capabilities between the examined dyes in the excited states was determined. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V.

Title: Amphoteric surfactants containing alpha-hydroxy ester group and an amino acid residue
Authors: Eissa, AMF (Eissa, A. M. F.)
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A series of amphoteric surfactants; containing alpha-hydroxy ester group and an amino acid residue were prepared with the addition of epoxy derivatives (which were prepared from epoxidation of alkyl methacrylate) to different types of amino acids (glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, serine, threonine, aspartic and anthranific acid). The structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed by infrared spectra, proton magnetic resonance spectra, Mass spectra and elementary analysis. Surface tension, Kraft point, foaming power, critical micelle concentration emulsion and Ca++ stabilities were determined. Antimicrobial activity and biodegradability were also screened.

Title: Aminopyrimidine derivatives as inhibitors for corrosion of 1018 carbon steel in nitric acid solution
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.); Helal, EA (Helal, E. A.); Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)
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The effect of some aminopyrimidine derivatives on the corrosion of 1018 carbon steel in 0.05 M HNO3 solution was studied using weight loss and polarization techniques. The percentage inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentration of inhibitor and with decreasing temperature. The addition of KI to aminopyrimidine derivatives enhanced the inhibition efficiency due to synergistic effect. The inhibitors are adsorbed on the steel surface according to Temkin isotherm. Some thermodynamic functions were computed and discussed. It was found that the aminopyrimidine derivatives provide a good protection to steel against pitting corrosion in chloride containing solutions. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Effects of cl-, no3- and so42- anions on the anodic behavior of carbon steel in deaerated 0.50 m nahco3 solutions
Authors: El-Naggar, MM (El-Naggar, M. M.)
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The effects of Cl-, NO3- and SO42- aggressive anions on the corrosion and passivation behavior of carbon steel electrode in deaerated 0.50 M NaHCO3 solutions were studied using potentiodynamic anodic polarization and SEM techniques. It was found that the presence of Cl-, NO3- and SO42- anions stimulates the anodic dissolution rate in both the active and the pre-passive potential regions. Moreover, significantly great effects were observed in both the passive and the trans-passive potential regions. Pitting corrosion was observed only in the presence of Cl- anions, while the presence of NO3- and SO42- anions facilitate only passivation by oxygen of water without themselves participating in the cathodic process. Also, it was observed that the effect of NO3- anion, which is a strong oxidizing agent acting "primarily" as stimulator of the cathodic process and then its reaction product acts "indirectly" retarding the anodic process. On the other hand, the effect of SO42- anion, which is a non-oxidizing agent, exerts an "indirect" effect on the cathodic reaction increasing its rate and then "directly" influence on the anodic reaction, retarding it. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: On initial and final fuzzy uniform structures, part ii
Authors: Bayoumi, F (Bayoumi, F)
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This paper is the second part and continuation of a paper for the author published in 2003 and investigating initial fuzzy uniform structures. The final fuzzy uniform structures and the final global fuzzy neighborhood structures, for the notions of fuzzy uniform structure and of global fuzzy neighborhood structure introduced by the author and others in 1998 in two separate papers, are characterized. This paper also shows that the expected relations between the final fuzzy uniform structures and the final fuzzy topologies and the final global fuzzy neighborhood structures are indeed true. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: On l-proximities of the internal type
Authors:
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In this paper, the initial and final L-proximities, for a notion of L-proximity introduced by the author and others in 1998, are investigated. This L-proximity is called L-proximity of the internal type. This paper shows that all initial and final lifts in the category L-PRI of L-proximity spaces of the internal type and hence all initial and final L-proximities of the internal type exist. The expected relation between the initial L-proximities of the internal type and the initial L-topologies, the initial global L-neighborhood structures, the initial L-uniform structures is verified. That is, the L-topology (global L-neighborhood structure) associated with the initial of a family of L-proximities of the internal type coincides with the initial of the family of L-topologies (global L-neighborhood structures) associated with these L-proximities of the internal type. Moreover, the L-proximity of the internal type associated with the initial of a family of L-uniform structures coincides with the initial of the family of L-proximities of the internal type associated with these L-uniform structures. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Ce-containing mordenites: synthesis, structure and reactivity towards no and co gases
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar); Katib, SMA (Katib, S. M. A.)
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Aqueous solutions of cerium nitrate of increasing concentrations (2.5, 5 and 7.5 wt.% Cc) have been contacted with the components forming Mordenite zeolite; during forming the gel under hydrothermal conditions, for allowing the accessibility of Cc ions to proceed into compensating positions in Mordenite structure. These materials were characterized by the methods of FTIR, XRD, N-2 adsorption and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The interaction of NO and CO adsorptions; at room temperature, on thermally pre-treated (300 degrees C, 10(-5) Torr, 3 h) as well as pre-reduced (50 Torr, 500 degrees C, 1 h) samples were studied by in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. XRD and FTIR results indicate that the Ce atoms are mostly present in internal surfaces in Mordenites for 2.5 and 5CeMOR samples whereas for 7.5CeMOR, a decrease in diffusion of Ce to be in compensating positions is perceived; as conceived from lowering the lattice volume, pointing to the presence of discrete amounts of CeO2 (582 cm(-1)) and cerium silicate (Si-O-Ce; 797 cm(-1)) species. All the samples indicate intra-crystalline mesopores as depicted from V-1-t plots particularly the 7.5CeMOR sample that showed the highest wide-pore volume (0.073 cm(3)/g), lowest pore radius (21 angstrom) and thus, revealed the highest S-BET between all samples (363 m(2)/g). UV-vis characterization of 7.5CeMOR sample shows octahedral Cc species (345, 360 and 390 nm) in small clusters inside zeolite channels and most probably originated from cerium silicates having different coordination with NaMOR along with discrete amounts of CeO2 (420 nm) species. CO readily adsorbs on the Ce3+ sites of the pre-reduced 7.5CeMOR catalyst, rather than those on Ce4+, to display minor amounts of carboxylate and dominant amounts of monodentate carbonate that were amenable to decompose to produce CO2 gas (2335 cm-1). On the other hand, the in situ interaction of nitric oxide (NO) gas on the 7.5CeMOR catalyst led to the formation of a series of nitrosyl species: N2O (2240 cm(-1)), NO (1908 cm(-1)), N2O3 (1880 cm(-1)) and (NO)(2s,as) (1844, 1734-1720 cm(-1)). Such nitrosyl complexes were favorably formed on Ce3+ in 7.5CeMOR those exchanged Na ones. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of dextromethorphan hydrobromide and ketamine hydrochloride in pure and dosage forms
Authors: El-Sheikh, R (El-Sheikh, Ragaa); Zaky, M (Zaky, Monir); Mohamed, FZ (Mohamed, Faten Zahran); Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa Sayed); Gouda, AA (Abou El-Fetouh Gouda, Ayman)
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Three simple, sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DEX) and ketamine hydrochloride (KET) in dosage forms. These methods are based on the formation of ion-pair complexes with bromocresol green (BCG), bromocresol purple (BCP), and bromophenol blue (BPB) in acidic medium. The coloured ion-pair products are measured at 419, 409 and 417 nm for DEX and at 417, 408 and 416 nm for KET using BCG, BCP and BPB, respectively. Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 2.0-22 mu g mL(-1) for DEX and 2.0-16 mu g mL(-1) for KET. The composition of the ion-pair was established by continuous variation and molar ratio methods. The proposed methods were applied successfully for the determination of DEX and KET in dosage forms applying the standard addition technique and compared statistically with the official methods. The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits were also calculated.

Title: Characterization, adsorption and photocatalytic activity of vanadium-doped tio2 and sulfated tio2 (rutile) catalysts: degradation of methylene blue dye
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar); Al-Esaimi, MM (Al-Esaimi, Mater M.)
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Sulfated (5 wt.%) TiO2 and non-sulfated TiO2 (rutile) modified by NH4VO3 using incipient wetness impregnation technique to achieve a loading of 2 wt.% V2O5 were thoroughly characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, N-2 sorptiometry, particle size analyzer and pyridine-Fr-IR that was used to investigate the acidity of the samples. Degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye was tested for the effectiveness of the samples. The results revealed that MB degradation was highly improved with V supported on TiO2-SO4 and showed a conversion comprises of 98% after UV irradiation (emitting at 400 nm) for 70 min exceeding that Of SO4 free TiO2 sample (78%) obtained at the same period of illumination. This was due to the large surface area (345 M-2 g(-1)), small crystallites size, reduced band-gap energy and presence of basic sites namely O-2(-) and OH- moieties those take part in the reaction as additional oxidizing agents. The photocatalytic degradation of MB was found to follow first order rate kinetics. More information on the activity, surface texturing, kinetics and TOC removal were well evaluated, compared and discussed for all samples. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V

Title: Physico-chemical properties and microstructure of some blended systems
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed); Radwan, MM (Radwan, M. M.)
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The effect of curing temperature on electrical conductivity and microstructure of some blended systems was studied. The electrical conductivity was monitoring prior the cement was mixed with water up to 7 days at temperature 20, 35 and 55 degrees C. Air-cooled slag (AS) and water-cooled slag (WS) restricted the conversion reactions by the preferential formation Of C(2)ASH(8) (stratlingite) compared to that Of C(3)AH(6). The plates Of C(2)ASH(8) are deposited as a thin flaky-plate in the pore system and cover the hexagonal crystals of CAH(10) and C(2)AH(8).

Title: Probing the density dependence of the quantum molecular dynamics potential with spallation neutrons induced by 1.2 gev protons on al, fe, zr, and pb
Authors: Abdel-Waged, K (Abdel-Waged, Khaled)
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The dependence of spallation neutron production double-differential cross sections on the density of the quantum molecular dynamics potential is investigated in p+Al, Fe, Zr, and Pb reactions at 1.2 GeV. It is shown that the cascade component of the neutron spectra is largely unaffected by the parameters of the density-dependent potential. As for the evaporative part (< 20 MeV), some differences are marked only for Pb. Calculated results with a Skyrme-type equation of state of K=300 MeV reproduce the neutron spectra for the reactions under study.

Title: Tautomerism of guanidines studied by n-15 nmr: 2-hydrazono-3-phenylquinazolin-4(3h)-ones and related compounds
Authors: Ghiviriga, I (Ghiviriga, Ion)[ 1 ] ; El-Gendy, BEDM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Steel, PJ (Steel, Peter J.)[ 3 ] ; Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1 ]
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2-Hydrazono-3-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones 11a-i are shown by N-15 NMR to exist in DMSO solution predominantly as the imino tautomers B and not the amino tautomers A. 2-Hydrazino-benzimidazole derivative 12 and 2-hydrazino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine derivative 13 were found to exist predominantly as the amino tautomers.

Title: A theoretical study on the melting of a finite slab with a pulsed laser
Authors: El-Ghany, SESA (El-Ghany, S. E. -S. Abd)
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Calculations of the spatial and temporal temperature distributions in the molten layer thickness, the still solid part and in the backward surface of the finite slab were carried out during the irradiation with a pulsed laser. The two-dimensional Laplace integral transform technique has been applied to obtain the mathematical expressions for these temperature distributions and the molten layer thickness as a function of the inciting time. The derivations have taken into account the temperature-dependent absorption coefficient of the irradiated surface and the cooling. As all illustrative example, computations were carried out on a finite aluminum (Al) target. (C) 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Title: Structural and basin evolution in miocene time, southwestern gulf of suez, egypt
Authors: El-Naby, AA (El-Naby, Ahmed Abd)[ 1 ] ; El-Aal, MA (El-Aal, Mohamed Abd)[ 1 ] ; Kuss, J (Kuss, Jochen)[ 2 ] ; Boukhary, M (Boukhary, Mohamed)[ 1 ] ; Lashin, A (Lashin, Aref)[ 3 ]
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Seismic-facies analysis and the subsurface tectonic evolution of the Western Sub-Basin (WSB) of the Gulf Of Suez, Egypt, were studied by seismic reflection data of 45 seismic lines. Eight of these lines were selected to illustrate the structural framework and depositional history of the WSB supported by the composition, velocity and vertical seismic profile (VSP) logs of ten wells. The analysis of two way time (TWT) structure-contour maps and rose diagrams revealed that the Miocene strata are dissected by NE-SW trending faults of the Morgan Accommodation Zone (MAZ). North of this zone, a general dip towards the northeast is recognized, south of this zone, the regional dip is towards the southwest. The complex structural framework was the main factor controlling facies changes of the syn-depositional Miocene units along the study area.

Title: Colorimetric determination of sildenafil citrate (viagra) through ion-associate complex formation
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Moustafa, ME (Moustafa, Moustafa E.)[ 1 ] ; El-Dosoky, RMS (El-Dosoky, Reham M. S.)[ 1 ]
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A simple, quick, accurate, and sensitive colorimetric method is described for the determination of sildenafil citrate (SLD). The method is based on the reaction of SLD with Congo Red, Sudan 11, and Gentian Violet in buffered aqueous solutions at pH 2.5, 6.5, and 11.0, respectively, to give highly colored soluble ion-associate complex species; the colored products are quantitated colorimetrically at 523, 554, and 569 nm, respectively. The various experimental conditions were optimized. The stoichiometric ratio was found to be 1:1 for all ion associates; the calculated logarithmic stability constants were 8.51, 7.79, and 5.58, respectively. Beer's law was obeyed over the concentration range of 0.2-7.0 mu g/mL, whereas the Ringbom optimum concentration range was 0.4-6.5 mu g/mL. Values for molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, and detection and quantification limits were also calculated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of SLD in Viagra tablets and in serum samples by using the technique of standard additions with mean accuracy values of 100.06 +/- 1.14, 99.87 +/- 0.70, and 99.86 +/- 0.97% for Viagra tablets and 99.88 +/- 0.60, 99.90 +/- 0.90, and 100.24 +/- 0.80% for serum samples, respectively.

Title: Inhibition of the corrosion of nickel and its alloys by natural clove oil
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1 ] ; Al Karanee, SO (Al Karanee, S. O.)[ 1 ] ; Fattah, AAA (Fattah, A. A. Abdel)[ 1 ]
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The corrosion behavior of nickel, Inconel 600, and Inconel 690 in different concentrations of HCl solutions and its inhibition by clove oil was studied using potentiostatic polarization measurements. As the acid concentration increases, the rate of corrosion increases, indicating that HCl accelerates the dissolution of nickel and its alloys. The inhibition efficiency of the clove oil was found to increase with increase of its concentration. The inhibitive action of this oil was discussed in view of adsorption onto the metal surface. The adsorbed layer acts as a barrier between the metal surface and aggressive solution, leading to a decrease in corrosion rate. The adsorption process follows Langmuir adsorption isotherms. It was found that the clove oil provides good protection to nickel and its alloys against pitting corrosion in chloride-containing solution using potentiodynamic anodic polarization techniques.

Title: A theoretical study of the evaporation induced by a pulsed laser in a finite slab
Authors: El-Ghany, SESA (El-Ghany, S. E. -S. Abd)
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The two-dimensional integral Laplace transform technique has been applied to get the temperature distributions in the molten layer, the solid part and in the backward surface of a finite target irradiated with a pulsed laser. Formulas for the time dependence of the evaporated part and the molten layer thicknesses of the target were found. This is accomplished by considering the temperature dependence of the absorption coefficient of the irradiated surface as well as the chemical reaction. As an illustrative example computations were carried out on an aluminum (Al) target. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Thermal radiation effect on unsteady mhd free convection flow past a vertical plate with temperature-dependent viscosity
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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This article investigates the influence of radiation and temperature-dependent viscosity on the problem of unsteady MHD flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting fluid past an infinite vertical porous plate taking into account the effect of viscous dissipation. The governing equations are converted into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations via a local similarity parameter which is taken as a function of time. The resulting system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations is solved numerically using the fourth order Runge-Kutta integration scheme with the shooting method. The numerical results for the velocity and the temperature are displayed graphically showing the effects of various parameters. The results show that increasing the Eckert number and decreasing the viscosity of air leads to a rise in the velocity, while increasing in the magnetic or the radiation parameters is associated with a decrease in the velocity. Also, an increase in the Eckert number leads to an increase in the temperature, whereas an increase in radiation parameter leads to a decrease in the temperature.

Title: On methods for continuous systems with quadratic, cubic and quantic nonlinearities
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, A. F.)[ 1 ]
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Methods for Study of weakly nonlinear continuous systems are discussed. The method of multiple scales is used to analyze the nonlinear response of a relief valve under combined static and dynamic loadings. We determine a second-order approximation to the response of the system for file case of primary resonance. Second, we derive a second-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation that describes the time evolution of a single-mode, the so-called single-mode discretization. Then, We use the Multiple scales method to determine second-order approximate solutions of this equation, thereby obtaining the equations describe the modulations Of the amplitude and phase of the response. We show that the results of the second approach are erroneous. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Colorimetric assay of cimetidine in the presence of its oxidative degradates
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, Hassan A.)[ 1 ] ; Shama, SA (Shama, Sayed A.)[ 1 ] ; Gouda, EA (Gouda, Eslam A.)[ 1 ]
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Three simple, accurate, and sensitive colorimetric methods for the determination of cimetidine (Cim) in pure form, in dosage forms, and in the presence of its oxidative degradates were developed. These methods are indirect, involve the addition of excess oxidant [N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) for method A; cerric sulfate [Ce(SO(4))(2)] for methods B and C] of known concentration in acid medium to Cim, and the determination of the unreacted oxidant by measurement of the decrease in absorbance of amaranth dye for method A, chromotrope 2R for method B, and rhodamine 6G for method C at a suitable maximum wavelength, lambda(max): 520, 528, and 525 nm, for the 3 methods, respectively. Regression analysis of the Beer plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges of 0.2-4.4 mu g/mL for method A, and 0.2-3.4 mu g/mL for methods B and C. The apparent molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, and detection and quantitation limits were evaluated. The stoichlometric ratio between the drug (Cim) and the oxidant (NBS or Ce(4+)) was estimated. The validity of the proposed methods was tested by analyzing pure and dosage forms containing Cim with relative standard deviation

Title: Phenylhydrazone derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for -alpha- brass in hydrochloric acid solutions
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Agez, M (Al-Agez, M.)[ 1 ] ; Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 2 ]
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The inhibition effect of some phenylhydrazone derivatives, namely,.[ ethyl(2Z)-cyano[(4E)-5-oxo-3-phenyl-4-(phenylhydrazono)-1,3- thia-zolidin-2-ylidene] acetate (A), ethyl(2Z)-cyano[(4E)-5-oxo-3phenyl-4-(p-methylphenylhydrazono)- 1,3-thiazolidin-2-ylidene] acetate (B), ethyl(2Z)-cyano[(4E)-5oxo-3-phenyl-4-(o-methoxyphen-ylhydrazono)- 1,3-thiaz-oli-din-2-ylid-ene] acetate (C) and ethyl(2Z)-cyano[(4E)-5-oxo-3-thiazo-lid-in-2-ylidene] acetate (D) on the corrosion of 70Cu-30Zn brass in 2M HCl solution has been investigated using weight loss and galvanostatic polarization techniques. The percentage inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentration of inhibitor and with decreasing temperature. The addition of KI to phenylhydrazone derivatives enhanced the inhibition efficiency due to synergistic effect. The adsorption of these inhibitors on the brass surface obeys Temkin isotherm. Some activated thermodynamic parameters were calculated. The addition of these compounds to the potentiodynamic anodic polarization curves of square- brass electrode in chloride solutions shift the pitting potential to more positive values, indicating an increased resistance to pitting attack .

Title: Heat generation/absorption and viscous dissipation effects on mhd flow of a micropolar fluid over a moving permeable surface embedded in a non-darcian porous medium
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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The flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting micropolar fluid on a continuously moving porous plate embedded in a non-Darcian porous medium in the presence of a transverse magnetic field and heat generation or absorption has been considered. Ohmic heating and a new model for viscous dissipation are taken into account. The transformed coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by employing a fourth-order Rung-Kutta integration scheme coupled with the shooting technique. The effects of various physical parameters on the velocity, micro-rotation velocity and temperature are shown graphically. Moreover, the numerical values of the local skin-friction, the local wall couple stress and the local Nusselt number are displayed in a tabular form and axe discussed.

Title: Transition metal atoms on oxide supports density functional calculations
Authors: Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)[ 2 ] ; Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Soliman, KA (Soliman, K. A.)[ 1 ]
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The adsorption properties of Cu, Ag, Ni, and Pd atoms on O(2-), Fand F(+) sites of MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO (001) surfaces have been studied by means of density functional calculations. The examined dusters were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces. The adsorption properties have been analyzed with reference to the basicity and energy gap of the oxide support in addition to orbital interactions. While the free Ni d(9)s(1) triplet ground state is preserved on adsorption on the O(2-) sites of MgO, CaO, and SrO surfaces, it is no longer preserved on the O(2-) site of BaO. For all adsorbates considered, adsorption is found to be stronger on F(+) sites compared with regular O(2-) sites. While on the O(2-) site, Pd and Ni form the most stable complexes, on the F site, Pd and Cu form the most stable counterparts. On the F(+) site, die single valence electron of Cu and Ag atoms couples with the unpaired electron of the vacancy forming a covalent bond. As a result, the adsorption energies of these atoms on the F(+) site are stronger than those on the F and O(2-) sites. The adsorption properties correlate linearly with the basicity and energy gap of the oxide support in addition to orbital interactions. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 109: 1094-1102, 2009

Title: Taphonomy of middle jurassic (bathonian) shell concentrations from ras el abd, west gulf of suez, egypt
Authors: El Qot, GM (El Qot, Gamal M.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Gawad, GI (Abdel-Gawad, Gouda I.)[ 2 ] ; Mekawy, MS (Mekawy, Manal S.)[ 3 ]
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The Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) rocks of the Ras El Abd area include three main shell concentrations: a molluscan shell bed, the lower rhynchonellid bed, and the upper rhynchonellid bed. Analysis of the taphonomic signatures indicates that: the molluscan shell bed represents a proximal tempestite, the lower rhynchonellid bed corresponds to a primary biogenic concentration sensu [Fursich, F.T., Oschmann, W., 1993. Shell beds as tools in basin analysis: the Jurassic of Kachchh, western India. journal of the Geological Society 150, 169-185], and the upper rhynchonellid bed a proximal storm-flow concentration. The shell concentrations formed below fair-weather wave-base in shallow, relatively high energy environments. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: The sensitivity of the energy band gap to changes in the dimensions of the cdse quantum rods at room temperature: stm and theoretical studies
Authors: Talaat, H (Talaat, H.)[ 2 ] ; Abdallah, T (Abdallah, T.)[ 2 ] ; Mohamed, MB (Mohamed, M. B.)[ 3 ] ; Negm, S (Negm, S.)[ 4 ] ; El-Sayed, MA (El-Sayed, Mostafa A.)[ 1 ]
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The energy band gap of a series of different sizes of CdSe quantum rods have been determined by STM technique at room temperature. The results confirm that the band gap of CdSe quantum rods (QRs) depends mainly on the width (the dimension of the electron confinement) and only slightly on the length as shown previously in the literatures. The experimental data is compared to that calculated using two theoretical models, the effective mass approximation (EMA) and the semi-empirical pseudopotential method (SEPM). The theoretical values for the energy band gap at varying radius are in agreement with the experimental results within 0.08 eV. (c) 2008 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Title: Synergistic catalysis effect in pentanol conversion into di-n-pentyl ether on zsm-5 supported titania catalysts synthesized by sol-gel
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)[ 1 ] ; Al-Esaimi, MM (Al-Esaimi, M. M.)[ 2 ]
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The synthesis of TiZSM-5 (TiZ) catalysts using acid catalyzed sol-gel method via different molar ratios of tetra-isopropyl orthotitanate [Ti(O-i-Pr)(4)] was thoroughly characterized by inductively coupled plasma optical emission (ICP-OE), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analyzer, N(2) adsorption, pyridine-FTIR and ultra-violet visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. Liquid phase dehydration of 1-pentanol to di-n-pentyl ether (DNPE) was tested for the catalysts. Characterization of TiZSM-5 catalysts clearly shows that at low loadings (up to 5wt%) titanium atoms were on the inner surface of zeolite layers mainly in tetrahedral environment as conceived from UV-vis (248-260 nm) and IR (960 and 1123 cm(-1)) results besides surface texturing data that showed lower surface areas (524-480 m(2) g(-1)) and pore volumes (0.4955-0.4530cm(3) g(-1)) as compared to the parent (587 m(2) g(-1) and 0.5642 cm(3) g(-1)). A distortion of tetrahedral Ti species was perceived at high-titania loadings (>= 10 wt%) evidencing its existence on zeolite surfaces as a distinctive anatase phase. The catalytic dehydration of 1-pentanol over 5, 10 and 15 wt% TiZ catalysts achieved 70% conversion and 10TiZ showed the highest selectivity (60%) to DNPE. This was due to enhancing Bronsted acid sites, retaining crystallinity, decreased particles size and to the relatively large BET surface area. The effect of temperature (298-523 K), time (4-16 h), titania loadings (2.5-15 wt%) as well as solvent engagement on the selectivity to DNPE was thoroughly investigated. The nano-sized TiO(2) crystals in/on 10TiZ surfaces and zeolite pore volume seem to provide excellent possibilities for diffusion of reactants and products, which of significant importance in heterogeneous catalysis. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: The role of artificial polarization in optical properties of f-a2:sr2+ center and no interactions at rbcl (001) surface: an ab initio study
Authors: Assem, MM (Assem, Mervat M.)
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The role of artificial polarization in two different applications of the title color center, namely optical properties of F-A2:Sr2+ center and adsorbate-substrate interactions, is investigated by using quantum mechanical CI-singles and DFT ab initio methods. Clusters of variable sizes were embedded in the simulated Coulomb field that closely approximate the Madelung field of the host surface, and ions that were the nearest neighbors to the defect site were allowed to relax to equilibrium. The sensitivity of the calculated transition energies (Stokes shifts) of F-A2:Sr2+ center as well as related optical properties, such as optical-optical conversion efficiency, relaxed excited states of the defect-containing surface, orientational destruction of the point defect, recording sensitivity, the Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule, and the artificial polarization were examined. The dependence of NO and ON adsorption energies at RbCl (001) surface on artificial polarization were also examined, and the results were explained in terms of electrostatic potential curves. The coadsorption of NO molecules, and the charge transfer reactions between the NO molecules and the paramagnetic chlorine vacancy on RbCl surface were considered.

Title: Measuring birefringence of curved sheet and single crystals by double-exposure speckle photography
Authors: El-Dessouki, TA (El-Dessouki, T. A.)[ 2 ] ; Hendawy, NI (Hendawy, N. I.)[ 1 ] ; Zaki, AA (Zaki, A. A.)[ 1 ]
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In this work, a new theoretical and experimental approach for measuring birefringence of solid materials was described. Dispersions of birefringence Of quartz, calcite crystals and Fortypan sheet were determined in the visible region. The results were compared with other interferometric methods to verify the accuracy of this approach. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved..

Title: Separation of ce-139 using solvent extraction technique from la2o3 target irradiated by 14.7 mev protons
Authors: Aglan, H (Aglan, H.)[ 1 ] ; Kandil, SA (Kandil, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; Hanafi, HA (Hanafi, H. A.)[ 1 ] ; Mousa, MA (Mousa, M. A.)[ 2 ] ; Saleh, ZA (Saleh, Z. A.)[ 1 ]
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The radiochemical separation of no-carrier-added cerium from proton irradiated lanthanum was studied by solvent extraction using DEE, TBP and TPPO, the latter reagent being employed for the first time for separation of radiocerium from bulk of lanthanum. Distribution coefficients of cerium and lanthanum were investigated as a function of equilibrium time and concentration of HNO3. A mixture of 0.05M K2Cr2O7 and 0.1M H2SO4 was used as an oxidizing agent to improve the separation efficiency of cerium. A comparative study of the three extractants released that DEE is the best for separation of cerium from bulk of lanthanum oxide. The target was prepared by pressing. The production of Ce-139 of high radionuclidic purity and chemical purity via irradiation of lanthanum oxide target at MGC-20 cyclotron with protons of energy 14.5 MeV is described. The experimental yield was found to be 153 kBq/mu A center dot h.

Title: Solutions of nonlinear schrodinger equation for interfacial waves propagating between two ideal fluids
Authors: Abourabia, AM (Abourabia, A. M.)[ 2 ] ; Mahmoud, MA (Mahmoud, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Khedr, GM (Khedr, G. M.)[ 1 ]
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We present solutions to the problem of waves propagating at an interface between two inviscid fluids of infinite extent and differing densities. The method of multiple scale is employed to obtain a dispersion relation and nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation, which describes the behavior of the system for the fluid interface. The dispersion relation of the model NLS equation is studied. The solutions of the NLS equation are derived analytically by using the complex tanh-function method and the function transformation method into a sine-Gordon equation. Also, diagrams are drawn to illustrate the elevation of the interface, the slip velocity, and the conservation of power. We observe that the elevation of the interface is in the form of traveling quasi-solitary waves that decrease as the wave number increases. We see that the slip velocities also bring a nonlinear and periodic characters. Finally, we observe that the conservation of power is in the form of traveling waves. Also, as the wave number increases, the conservation of power is more accurate in fluctuating around zero.

Title: An efficient one-pot, three-component synthesis of 5-hydrazinoalkylidene rhodanines from 1,2-diaza-1,3-dienes
Authors: Attanasi, OA (Attanasi, Orazio A.)[ 1 ] ; De Crescentini, L (De Crescentini, Lucia)[ 1 ] ; Favi, G (Favi, Gianfranco)[ 1 ] ; Filippone, P (Filippone, Paolino)[ 1 ] ; Giorgi, G (Giorgi, Gianluca)[ 2 ] ; Mantellini, F (Mantellini, Fabio)[ 1 ] ; Moscatelli, G (Moscatelli, Giada)[ 1 ] ; Behalo, MS (Behalo, Mohamed S.)[ 3 ]
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A novel three-component synthesis of 5-hydrazinoalkylidene rhodanine derivatives starting from aliphatic primary amines, carbon disulfide, and 1,2-diaza-1,3-dienes is described. The reaction proceeds successfully under both solution and solid-phase conditions.

Title: Effect of diamagnetic substitution on the structural, magnetic and electrical properties of nife2o4
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ]
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Nickel zinc ferrites, Ni1-xZnxFe2O4 (0.0

Title: Co adsorption on ni, pd, cu and ag deposited on mgo, cao, sro and bao: density functional calculations
Authors: Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)[ 2 ] ; Assem, MM (Assem, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Soliman, KA (Soliman, K. A.)[ 1 ]
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The adsorption properties of CO molecules adsorbed on Ni, Pd, Cu and Ag atoms deposited on O(2) , F and F(+) sites of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO terrace surfaces have been studied by means of density functional calculations and embedded cluster model. The examined clusters were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces. The adsorption properties of CO have been analyzed with reference to the basicity of the oxide support, bond order conservation energy, pairwise and non-pairwise additivity, associative adsorption, electrostatic potentials, and orbital interactions. CO adsorption on an oxide support is drastically enhanced when CO is adsorbed on a metal deposited on this support. A dramatic change is found, and explained, when one compares the CO binding energy to O(2) and F sites. The formation of a strong bond at the support metal interface has a considerable consequence on the metal-CO binding energy. The binding of CO is dominated by the metal-CO pairwise additive term, and the non-additivity term increases with increasing the basicity of the support. While the classical contributions to the electrostatic interactions are quite similar for the deposited metals, they are quite dissimilar when going from defect-free to defect-containing surfaces. The adsorption properties correlate linearly with the basicity and energy gaps of the oxide support where the electrostatic potential generated by the oxide modifies the physical and chemical properties of the adsorbed metal and therefore its reactivity versus the CO adsorbate. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Convenient synthesis of c-terminal di- and tri-peptide amides from n-protected dipeptidoylbenzotriazoles
Authors: Celik, I (Celik, Ilhami)[ 2 ] ; Abdel-Fattah, AAA (Abdel-Fattah, Ashraf A. A.)[ 1 ]
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N-Protected dipeptidoylbeiizotriazoles react with aqueous ammonia to give dipeptide primary amides (77-98%) and with N-unprotected alpha-amino amides to afford tripeptide primary amides (82-86%). (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Title: Study on solid phase extraction and spectrophotometric determination of vanadium with 2,3-dichloro-6-(2,7-dihydroxy-1-naphthylazo)quinoxaline
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Saber, AL (Saber, Amr L.)[ 2 ] ; Mohammed, TY (Mohammed, T. Y.)[ 1 ]
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A sensitive, selective and rapid method has been developed for the determination micrograms per liter level of vanadium ion based on the rapid reaction of vanadium(V) with 2,3-dichloro-6-(2,7-dihydroxy-1-naphthylazo)quinoxaline (DCDHNAQ) and the solid phase extraction of the colored complex with C18 cartridge. The DCDHNAQ reacts with V(V) in the presence of citric acid-sodium hydroxide buffer solution (pH 3.3) and benzyldimethyl tetradecylammonium chloride (zephiramine) medium to form a violet complex of a molar ratio 1:2 [V(V) to DCDHNAQ]. This complex was enriched by solid phase extraction with C18 cartridge and the enrichment factor of 100 was obtained by elution of the complex from the cartridge with acetonitrile. The molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity of the complex are 2.45 x 10(5) L mol(-1) cm(-1) and 0.0208 ng cm(-2) at 573 nm in the measured solution. Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 0.01-0.45 mu g mL(-1), whereas Ringbom optimum concentration ranges found to be 0.025-0.425 mu g mL(-1). The detection and quantification limits are 3.2 and 9.9 mu g L(-1), respectively in the original samples. This method was applied to the determination of vanadium(V) in steel, soil, water and biological samples with good results. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Variable thermal conductivity effect on mhd free-convection flow over a vertical full cone in a non-newtonian saturated porous medium
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)[ 1 ]
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The effect of variable thermal conductivity on free-convection boundary layer of an electrically conducting non-Newtonian power law fluid over a non-isothermal vertical full cone in a saturated porous medium in the presence of a magnetic field applied normal to the cone surface has been studied. The transformed nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method coupled with the shooting method. The effects of the power law index, the magnetic parameter and the thermal conductivity parameter on the temperature profiles as well as on the local Nusselt number are presented and discussed.

Title: Utility of oxidation-reduction reaction for the spectrophotometric determination of amlodipine besylate
Authors: Shama, SA (Shama, Sayed A.)[ 1 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Mabrouk, EM (Mabrouk, El Sayed M.)[ 1 ] ; Omara, HA (Omara, Hany A.)[ 1 ]
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A simple, rapid, accurate, precise and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of amlodipine besylate (ADB) in bulk sample and in dosage forms is described. The method is based on oxidation of the drug by potassium permanganate in acidic medium and determine the unreacted oxidant by measuring the decrease in absorbance for five different dyes; methylene blue (MB), acid blue 74 (AB), acid red 73 (AR), amaranth dye (AM) and acid orange 7 (AO) at a suitable lambda(max) 663, 609, 511, 520, and 484 nm, respectively. Regression analysis of Beer's law plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges 1.0-24, 0.9-22, 1.2-26, 0.9-12.8 and 1.0-14 mu g ml(-1), respectively. The apparent molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantitation limits were calculated. For more accurate results. Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were 1.2-22.4, 1.1-20, 1.4-24.5, 1.0-12.3 and 1.3-13.2 mu g ml(-1), respectively. Statistical treatment of the results reflects that the proposed procedures are precise, accurate and easily applicable. for the determination of amlodipine besylate in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations. (C) 2009 King Saud University. All rights reserved.

Title: Parasitological and histo-pathological studies on schistosomiasis mansoni infected mice and treated with praziquatel and/or oltipraz.
Authors: Morsy, Gazaa H
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A total of 120 albino mice were divided into: G1 (80 infected with S. mansoni cercariae by tail immersion) and G2 (40 uninfected controls). Seven weeks after infection, G1 was subdivided into four subgroups of 20 mice each. Gla: Infected untreated control. G1b: treated with Praziquantel (PZQ) in a dose of 500 mg/kg for two consecutive days. G1c: treated with Oltipraz (Oz) in a dose of 500 mg/kg for three consecutive days. G1d: treated with combination of PZQ and Oz (1/3 therapeutic dose of both for two consecutive days. G2 was divided into 4 subgroups of ten mice each. G2a: non infected non treated. G2b: PZQ treated (PZQ control positive). G2c: Oz treated (Oz control positive). G2d: Drugs treated (PZQ and Oz control positive). The effect of drugs was done 2 weeks post-treatment, parasitologically to detect number of worms and the distribution in liver vasculature after perfusion of hepatic circulation of mice, and number of eggs per gram of liver tissue. Also, histopathological examination of liver samples with H& E and/or Masson's trichrome stains showed effect on granuloma and tissue. PZQ gave reduction of total worm burden to 0.22 + 0.01 (99%), while Oz gave 22.4 + 0.57 (3.6%). PZQ produced marked hepatic shift while Oz gave 6.14%efficacy. A decrease in egg number with PZQ was 63.69%. Oz gave 13.5%. Complete disappearance of immature ova with increase no. of dead ones was 97.89% of mature ova stage to 2.11% after PZQ. Oz gave 45% of all detected ova with slight increase of dead ones to 14.18% compared to 9.8% in infected control. Improvement of hepatic pathology in form of 51.2% reduction in granuloma size and 54.7% decrease in number with improvement of hepatocytes was after treatment with PZQ in contrary to Oz as reduction of size and number of granuloma was 13.6% and 21.6% respectively. Combination of reduced dose of both drugs produced moderate effect on all criteria less than that detected with full dose of PZQ, but much better that obtained after Oz.

Title: Metacercariae recovered from fresh-water fishes in the vicinity of qualkyobia governorate, egypt.
Authors: Abdallah, Karim F; Hamadto, Hassan H A; El-Hayawan, Ibrahim A H; Dawoud, Hamdy A; Negm-Eldin, Mohsen; Ahmed, Waleed El-Awamy
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A total of 410 Tilapia zillii, 70 Clarias gariepinus, 30 Bagrus bajad and 15 Chlrysichthys auratus fishes were collected from different water bodies in Qualyobia Governorate. Microscopic examination of samples showed infection in muscles and head region (gills & branchial cavity) with encysted metacercariae in 91.7% of T. zillii, 82.85% of Cl. gariepinus, 70% of B. bajad and 86.66% of Ch. auratus. The highest distribution of metacercarial infection among the T. zillii was in the muscles of posterior third and tail followed by the middle third, anterior third and head region (gills & branchial cavity) while the highest distribution of metacercarial infection among Cl. gariepinus was in the middle third muscles followed by the posterior third, anterior third and lastly in the head region. The highest metacercarial infection among B. bajad and Ch. auratus fish was in the posterior third muscles and branchial cavity respectively. The taxonomic morphology of the encysted metacercariae and the excysted ones was given

Title: Effect of a magnetic field on a micropolar fluid flow in the vicinity of an axisymmetric stagnation point on a circular cylinder
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, GM (Abdel-Rahman, Gamal M.)
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The effect of a magnetic field on a micropolar fluid flow in the vicinity of an axisymmetric stagnation point on a circular cylinder is studied numerically. The governing conservation equations of continuity, momentum and angular momentum are partial differential equations which are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations by using the usual similarity transformations. The resulting system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations is solved numerically by using the shooting method. The numerical results indicate the velocity, angular velocity and pressure distributions for different parameters of the problem including Reynolds number, magnetic parameter and dimensionless material properties, etc. In addition, the effect of the pertinent parameters on the local skin friction coefficient and the couple stress are discussed numerically and illustrated graphically.

Title: The mass-number dependence studies for the multiplicity of shower particles produced in interactions of different projectiles with emulsion nuclei at 3.7 gev/n in the framework of the modified glauber models i and ii
Authors: El-Din, MSMN (El-Din, M. S. M. Nour)[ 1 ] ; Solite, ME (Solite, M. E.)[ 1 ]
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In the present work, we calculate the total reaction cross sections for the reactions of the following projectiles: P, (12)C, (14)N, (16)O, (22)Ne, (24)Mg, (28)Si, and (32)S with emulsion nuclei, at incident energy E(Lab) = 3.7 GeV/n, in the framework of the modified Glauber models I and II (Gl-I and Gl-II approaches). At the same time the number of interacted nucleons from these projectiles and the emulsion target nuclei beside the number of their binary collisions are calculated. Also the multiplicity of the shower particles produced in these reactions are calculated. A comparison between the calculated values of these total reaction cross sections and their multiplicities of the produced shower particles in these reactions, with the corresponding measured values, had been done within both: Gl-I and Gl-II approaches and in accordance to the zero-range considerations. As a result of this comparison we have not obtained an agreement between the calculated values and the corresponding experimental data in case of the total reaction cross sections, but we have got, in general, a good agreement for the comparison in the case of the particle multiplicities calculations. It should be noted, for the last comparison, that the theoretical calculations in the framework of Gl-II approach give, in general, agreement with the corresponding experimental data better than those we have obtained for the theoretical calculations in the framework of the Gl-I approach.

Title: Electronic transport calculations for rough interfaces in al, cu, ag, and au
Authors: Fadlallah, MM (Fadlallah, M. M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Schuster, C (Schuster, C.)[ 1 ] ; Schwingenschlogl, U (Schwingenschloegl, U.)[ 1 ] ; Wunderlich, T (Wunderlich, T.)[ 1 ] ; Sanvito, S (Sanvito, S.)[ 3,4 ]
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We present results of electronic structure and transport calculations for metallic interfaces, based on density functional theory and the non-equilibrium Green's function method. Starting from the electronic structure of smooth Al, Cu, Ag, and Au interfaces, we study the effects of different kinds of interface roughness on the transmission coefficient and the I-V characteristic. In particular, we compare prototypical interface distortions, including vacancies and metallic impurities.

Title: Adsorptive voltammetric determination of nimesulide at glassy carbon electrode
Authors: El-Sayed, GO (El-Sayed, Gamal O.)[ 1 ] ; Yasin, SA (Yasin, Shalaby A.)[ 1 ] ; El Ries, MA (El Ries, Mohammed A.)[ 2 ] ; El-Badawy, AA (El-Badawy, Azza A.)[ 1 ]
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A voltammetric method is described for the determination of nimesulide based on the reduction of the nitro group at glassy carbon electrode. The voltammetric behavior of the drug was investigated in Britton-Robinson buffer (pH 2.0-12.0) applying cyclic voltammetry technique. One cathodic and one anodic peaks were observed. The comparison of peak heights and potentials indicated that these peaks are quasi-reversible. The determination of nimesulide in pure form was performed using adsorptive linear sweep voltammetry. The cathodic peak current varied linearly in the range 4.0x10(-7) - 5.0x10(-5) M (0.116 - 14.65 mu g mL(-1)). The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 3.2x10(-8) and 1.06x10(-7) mol L(-1), respectively. The proposed method was applied to pharmaceutical formulations with percent recoveries in the range 98.00-101.60%, and a relative standard deviation of 0.61-1.46%. The validity of the method was performed to the determination of nimesulide in human serum with acceptable results for biological samples. No sample pre-treatments or solvent extraction procedures were needed.

Title: Ethyl {4-[2-(saccharin-2-yl)acetylsulfamoyl]phenylazo}cyanoacetate in the synthesis of polyfunctionally heteroaromatic derivatives
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, A. A.)
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An efficient and direct one-pot reaction of ethyl saccharinylcyanoacetate derivative 3 with a variety of active methylene reagents and nitrogen nucleophiles afforded novel series of polyfunctionally substituted heteroaromatic derivatives 5-13, respectively. The pyrazole derivative 13 was seemed to be the excellent precursors for the synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives 14-24. The antimicrobial screening of some synthesized products was evaluated against some selected bacteria and fungi. The structures of the synthesized derivatives were established by elemental and spectral data.

Title: Concurrent pi-vector fields and energy beta-change
Authors: Youssef, NL (Youssef, Nabil L.)[ 1 ] ; Abed, SH (Abed, S. H.)[ 1 ] ; Soleiman, A (Soleiman, A.)[ 2 ]
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The present paper deals with an intrinsic investigation of the notion of a concurrent pi-vector field on the pullback bundle of a Finsler manifold (M, L). The effect of the existence of a concurrent pi-vector field on some important special Finsler spaces is studied. An intrinsic investigation of a particular beta-change, namely the energy beta-change ((L) over tilde (2)(x, y) = L-2(x, y)+ B-2(x, y) with B := g((zeta) over bar,(eta) over bar); (zeta) over bar being a concurrent pi-vector field), is established. The relation between the two Barthel connections Gamma and (Gamma) over tilde, corresponding to this change, is found. This relation, together with the fact that the Cartan and the Barthel connections have the same horizontal and vertical projectors, enable us to study the energy beta-change of the fundamental linear connection in Finsler geometry: the Cartan connection, the Berwald connection, the Chern connection, and the Hashiguchi connection. Moreover, the change of their curvature tensors is concluded. It should be pointed out that the present work is formulated in a prospective modern coordinate-free form.(a)

Title: Morphological characteristics of gold nanowires and nanoparticles: structure elucidation and reactivity toward water-gas shift reaction
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)[ 1 ] ; Khairou, KS (Khairou, K. S.)[ 2 ]
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Irradiation of gamma-ray to FSM-16 encapsulated HAuCl(4). synthesized via chemical vapor deposition, led to the formation of Au nanowires (2 10 nin diameter and 17 147 nm length), Contrarily, reductive carbonylation of impregnated HAuCl(4) with FSM-16 using CO (200 torr)/water (20 torr) for 2 h, Followed by it! radiation with a high-pressure Hg lamp at 300 K. for 36 h, resulted in the formation of Au nanoparticles (circular; 8-75 nin diameter). These catalysts have been characterized by XRD, N(2)-sorpitometry, TEM, UV-vis-PRS, CO-FTIR spectroscopy, and then tested for water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) under feeding conditions of P(CO) = 60 torr and PH(2)O = 5 torr. Evidently, Au nanowires exhibited higher activity (3 times) than Au nanoparticles. It has been shown that the activity depends on Au geometry rather than structural characteristics, such as surface area, In-situ FTIR CO adsorption and UV-vis-DRS evidenced major changes oil the surface properties of Au nanowires in exposing different oxidation states as well Lis inducing electron deficiencies exceeding those oil Au nanoparticles. Gold nanowires displayed surface plasmon resonance peak at 5 5 nm derivatized from distribution in size and dispersion and Father exceeding that at 484 rim exhibited for gold nanoparticles. It has beet) shown that Au(0) species, including nanowires and small aggregated metallic nanoparticles, contribute significantly, if not predominantly, to the WGS activity. The TEM study provided evidence that reduction pretreatment of Au nanowires prior to carrying out the reaction results in elimination of the activity due to sintering (from 35 to 53 nm)as well as to the exhibited change in geometry and thus altering the nature of active centers.

Title: Effect of coprecipitated barium ferrite on the cure characteristics and dynamic properties of natural rubber-ferrite composites around percolation
Authors: Makled, MHM (Makled, Mahmoud Hosseny Moussa)[ 1 ] ; Washiya, H (Washiya, Hirohiko)[ 2 ] ; Tsuda, H (Tsuda, Hiroshi)[ 1 ] ; Matsui, T (Matsui, Toshiyuki)[ 3 ]
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The influence of coprecipitated hexagonal barium ferrite BaFe(12)O(19) phase on the cure characteristics and dynamic properties of natural rubber-ferrite composites has been Studied as a function of ferrite loading up to 220 phr (part per hundred part of rubber). Unusual characteristics of coprecipitated ferrite particles were discovered by scanning electron microscope. The results show that scorch time t(10) and cure time t(90) decrease dramatically with increasing ferrite content LIP to critical ferrite loading. After 160 phr, t(90) increases sharply with increasing ferrite content, in contrast to saturation of t(10). Minimum torque recorded normal behaviour at low ferrite loading, whereas it decreases with increasing ferrite content at high ferrite loading because of dilution effects. The storage modulus E' and loss modulus E '' decrease with increasing temperature. The loss tangents (tan delta) of the composites are greater than those of the pure rubber. Linear viscoelastic behavior was observed as a result of the homogeneity and compatibility of the composites. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 113: 3294-3299, 2009

Title: Selective synthesis and structural elucidation of s-acyl- and n-acylcysteines
Authors: Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1 ] ; Tala, SR (Tala, Srinivasa R.)[ 1 ] ; Abo-Dya, NE (Abo-Dya, Nader E.)[ 1,2 ] ; Gyanda, K (Gyanda, Kapil)[ 1 ] ; El-Gendy, BEM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 1,3 ] ; Abdel-Samii, ZK (Abdel-Samii, Zakaria K.)[ 2 ] ; Steel, PJ (Steel, Peter J.)[ 4 ]
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N-(Acyl)-1H-benzotriazoles 6a-f react with L-cysteine 5 at 20 degrees C to give exclusively (i) N-acyl-L-cysteines 8a-e in the presence of triethylamine in CH(3)CN-H(2)O (3: 1), but (ii) S-acyl-L-cysteines 7a-c in CH(3)CN-H(2)O (5:1) in the absence of base. Structures 7b, 7d and 8b, 8d are supported by 2D NMR spectroscopic methods including gDQCOSY, gHMQC, gHMBC, and (1)H-(15)N CIGA-RgH M BC experiments. The structure of compound 8d was also supported by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Title: Magnetic and mechanical characterisation of natural rubber coprecipitated barium ferrite composites at high loading
Authors: Makled, MH (Makled, M. H.)[ 2 ] ; Matsui, T (Matsui, T.)[ 1 ]
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The influence of coprecipitated barium ferrite (BaF) on the magnetic and mechanical properties of natural rubber-ferrite composites (RFCs) has been studied. Unusual characteristics of the BaF particles were revealed by a scanning electron microscope. The results show that the saturation magnetisation increases with increasing the ferrite content even for the considerably high BaF loading samples, whereas the coercivity is almost unchanged. The present RFCs recorded relatively low density 1.95 g cm(-3) with high stored energy 1.26 MGOe at the maximum BaF loading of 220 phr. Both of the tensile strength and the elongation at break decrease with increasing BaF content. Evaluation of the swelling ratio was carried out to have an insight into the change in the mechanical properties of the RFCs at high BaF loading.

Title: Effect of mg substitution on the magnetic properties of nicuzn ferrite nanoparticles prepared through a novel method using egg white
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ]
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Nanocrystalline Mg-substituted NiCuZn ferrites were successfully synthesized, for the first time, by using metal nitrates and freshly extracted egg white. The thermal decomposition process of the nitrate-egg white precursors was investigated by thermogravimetric (TG) technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that, single-phase cubic ferrites with average particle size of 23.9-35.1 nm were directly formed after ignition at 500 degrees C. No noticeable variation of lattice parameters with increasing magnesium content was observed, while X-ray densities were found to decrease. This can be explained on the basis of ionic radii and atomic masses of the substituted cation. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) shows that, particles are permanently magnetized and get agglomerated. The saturation magnetization (M(s)) and coercivity (H(c)) as a function of Mg content were investigated using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It has been found that the M(s) increases firstly up to x = 0.2 and then decreases, while H(c) continuously decreases. Magnetic susceptibility measurements give results which agree well with those obtained by VSM. The obvious decrease in the Curie temperature (T(C)) with increasing mg indicates that the ferrimagnetic grains are widely separated and enclosed by non-magnetic magnesium ions. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: An efficient dynamical systems method for solving singularly perturbed integral equations with noise
Authors: Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 1 ] ; Nagy, AM (Nagy, A. M.)[ 2 ] ; Alnasr, MH (Alnasr, M. H.)[ 3 ]
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In this paper we apply the dynamical systems method (DSM) proposed by A. G. Ramm. and the variational regularization method (VRM), to obtain numerical solution to some singularly perturbed ill-posed problems contaminated by noise. The results obtained by these methods are compared to the exact solution for the model problems. It is found that the dynamical systems method is preferable because it is easier to apply, highly stable, robust, and it always converges to the solution even for large size models. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Mhd flow and heat transfer in a non-newtonian liquid film over an unsteady stretching sheet with variable fluid properties
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)[ 1 ]
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Nous etudions ici les effets d'une viscosite et d'une conductivite thermique variables sur l'ecoulement et le transfert de chaleur d'un fluide non Newtonien conducteur a l'interieur d'un mince film liquide sur une surface instable elastique en presence d'un champ magnetique transverse. Le systeme transforme d'equations differentielles ordinaires non lineaires est alors solutionne numeriquement. Nous presentons de facon graphique et analysons les resultats illustrant les effets des differents parametres sur les profils de vitesse et de temperature. Nous presentons sous forme de tables les valeurs du coefficient local de friction de peau et du nombre local de Nusselt pour differentes valeurs des parametres physiques.

Title: Synthesis and spectral characterization of coxmg1-xal2o4 as new nano-coloring agent of ceramic pigment
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, I. S.)[ 1 ] ; Shama, SA (Shama, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; Moustafa, MM (Moustafa, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, H. A.)[ 1 ] ; Ali, AA (Ali, A. A.)[ 1 ]
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New nano-blue ceramic pigments of CoxMg1-xAl2O4 (0

Title: Synthesis and evaluation of condensed and noncondensed heterocyclic compounds of industrial application
Authors: Eissa, AMF (Eissa, A. M. F.); El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R.)
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The reaction of 2-hydroxyoctadecanoyl chloride (2) and anthranilic acid gave 2-(1-hydroxyheptadecyl)-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one (3) which was used as starting material to synthesize some condensed and non-condensed heterocyclic compounds by reaction with nitrogen nucleophiles (e.g., hydrazine hydrate, and formamide). Subsequent reaction of the synthetic products with different amounts of propylene oxide gave a novel group of nonionic compounds having a double function as antimicrobial and surface active agents which may be useful in the manufacture of drugs, cosmetics, pesticides or as antibacterial and/or antifungal. The surface active properties such as surface and interfacial tensions, cloud point, foaming height, wetting time, and emulsification power were determined. The antimicrobial and biodegradability were also screened.

Title: Effect of non magnetic ion concentration on the relaxation process of (ch2)(2)(nh3)(2)mn1-xcdxcl4; 0
Authors: Ahmed, MA (Ahmed, M. A.); Bishay, ST (Bishay, Samiha T.); Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.); Helmy, N (Helmy, N.)
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The electrical properties measurements were carried out for the complex (CH2)(2)(NH3)(2)Mn1-xCdxCl4, 0.0

Title: The role of oxidation states in f-a1 tln+ (n=1, 3) lasers and co interactions at the (100) surface of nacl: an ab initio study
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.); Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel); Kamel, MA (Kamel, M. A.); Taha, HO (Taha, H. O.); Ammar, HY (Ammar, H. Y.); Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)
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The oxidation states of Thallium in F-A1 Tl+n (n = 1, 3) color centers at the (100) surface of NaCl play important role in laser light generation and adsorbate-substrate interactions. Double-well potentials at these surfaces are investigated by using quantum mechanical ab initio methods. Quantum clusters of variable sizes were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces, and ions that were the nearest neighbors to the F-A1 Tl+n (n = 1, 3) defect site were allowed to relax to equilibrium. The calculated Stokes shifts suggest that laser light generation is sensitive to the oxidation states of Thallium. The relaxed excited states of the defect-containing surface were deep below the lower edge of the conduction bands of the ground state defect-free surface, suggesting that the F-A1 Tl+n (n = 1,3) centers are suitable laser defects. The dependence of the orientational destruction and recording sensitivity on the oxidation state of Thallium is clarified. The Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule is generalized to include the oxidation state of the impurity cation. The adsorption energies of CO and OC over NaCl(I 00) was found to be sensitive to the oxidation state of the impurity cation. F-A1 Tl+n (n = 1, 3) centers changed the physical adsorption of CO to chemical adsorption. While the artificial flow of charge was significant in the case of Tl+1 impurity, it was negligible in the case of Tl+3 impurity, and the results were explained in terms of the electrostatic potential curves. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V.

Title: The response of nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom systems to modulated high-frequency input
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, Atef F.)
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In this paper we study the response of single-degree-of-freedom with cubic, quartic and quintic nonlinearities to an amplitude-modulated excitation whose carrier frequency is much higher than the natural frequency of the system. The only restriction on the amplitude modulation is that it contains frequencies much lower than the carrier frequency of the excitation. The method of multiple scales is used to derive two coupled first-order ordinary differential equations that describe the evolution of the amplitude and phase with damping, nonlinearities and resonances. The evolution equations are used to determine the steady-state motions, while representative frequency-response curves are presented for each resonance. Stability analysis of the amplitude and phase modulation equations for both cases are performed. The bending of the response curves leads to multi-valued solutions and hence to jump phenomena.

Title: Resonances in nonlinear structure vibrations under multifrequency excitations
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, A. F.); Abd El-Latif, GM (Abd El-Latif, G. M.)
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The response of a single-degree-of-freedom system with quadratic, cubic and quartic nonlinearities subjected to a sinusoidal excitation that involves multiple frequencies is considered. The method of multiple scales is used to construct a first order uniform expansion yielding two first-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations that are derived for the evolution of the amplitude and phase. These oscillations involve a subharmonic oscillation of order one-fourth and superharmonic oscillation of order two. Steady state responses and their stability are computed for selected values of the system parameters. The effects of these (quadratic, cubic, and quartic) nonlinearities on these oscillations are specifically investigated. With this study, it has been verified that the qualitative effects of these nonlinearities are different. Regions of hardening (softening) behaviour of the system exist for the case of subharmonic resonance. The response curve is not affected by decreasing the damping factor for the case of superharmonic resonance. It is shown that the response curve contracts or expands as the parameters vary. The multivalued region increases or decreases when some parameters vary.

Title: Synthesis of polyfunctionally substituted pyrazolonaphthyridine, pentaazanaphthalene, and heptaazaphenanthrene derivatives
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, A. A.)
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6-aminopyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridine-5-carbonitrile (2) was used as a precursor for the synthesis of a variety of pyrazolo[3,4-b][1,8] naphthyridines (3,4) and pentaazacyclopenta[b]naphthalenes (5-10, 13, 14) via the initial addition to either the cyano or amino group followed by cyclization. Also, a series of heptaazadicyclopenta[a, g] naphthalenes (15-17) and heptaazacyclopenta[b]phenanthrenes (18, 19) were obtained via the interaction of 4-(dibenzothiophen-2-yl)-1,5-dihydro-5- imino-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1,2,6,8,9-pentaazacyclopenta[b]naphthalen-6-ylamine (14) with different reagents. The structures of the synthesized compounds were established by elemental and spectral analyses.

Title: Electrical transport properties of barium-titanium ferrite with a hollandite structure
Authors: Ahmed, MA (Ahmed, M. A.); Okasha, N (Okasha, N.); Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)
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A series of barium titanium oxide with various Ba/Ti ratios having a hollandite structure was obtained by ceramic technique. It was shown that barium titanium hollandites may adopt both oxygen excess and oxygen deficient stoichiometries within the structure. As a limiting case the barium titanium hollandites with only tetravalent titanium ions were obtained. Results of investigation samples in the general formula BaxTi4-2xFe2xO8; 0.1

Title: Khillah extract as inhibitor for acid corrosion of sx 316 steel
Authors: El-Etre, AY (El-Etre, A. Y.)
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The inhibitive effect of the extract of khillah (Ammi visnaga) seeds, on the corrosion of SX 316 steel in HCl solution was determined using weight loss measurements as well as potentiostatic technique. It was found that the presence of the extract reduces markedly the corrosion rate of steel in the acid solution. The inhibition efficiency increases as the extract concentration is increased. The inhibitive effect of khillah extract was discussed on the basis of adsorption of its components on the metal surface. Negative values were calculated for the energy of adsorption indicating the spontaneity of the adsorption process. The formation of insoluble complexes as a result of interaction between iron cations and khellin, which present in the extract, was also discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V.

Title: Electrical characteristics of (n-2-h-2) gas mixture dc glow discharge
Authors: Hassouba, MA (Hassouba, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Mehanna, EA (Mehanna, E. A.)[ 2 ]
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The electrical characteristics of DC Nitrogen-Hydrogen mixture glow discharge were investigated. The discharge current-voltage (I-V) characteristic curves of the discharge were measured at different gas pressures and gas mixture percentage. The axial distribution of both potential and electric field were studied at different H-2 percentage. The existence of the reversal electric field in the negative glow region was confirmed. Using the axial electric field distribution, the cathode fall thickness (X-c) was calculated. Second derivative of the single Langmuir probe electron current method was used to measure the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) in (N-2-H-2) gas mixture DC glow discharge at different H-2 percentage. In the positive column region, a Maxwellian EEDF was found at different conditions, while in both cathode fall and negative glow regions, a non-Maxwellian EEDF was observed. Two groups of electrons were detected in these two regions.

Title: A note on fuzzy neighbourhood base spaces
Authors: Elsalamony, G (Elsalamony, G.)
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Fuzzy neighbourhood base spaces (FNBS), introduced by Morsi, are a special type of stratified I-topological spaces (SI-TOP), previously denoted as fuzzy topological spaces (FTS). We introduce further characterizations of FNBS in terms of level sets. Also, we construct stable subconstructs of SI-TOP, in the sense of Lowen and Wuyts [Stable subconstructs of FTS: I, J. Fuzzy Math. 1(3) (1993) 475-489], whose corresponding total stratified I-topologies are generated by elements of I-I which are greater than id(I). The maximal objects of such stable subconstructs have weaker properties than that of the ascending chain property, and then these objects give rise to fuzzy neighbourhood base spaces. Therefore, special types of fuzzy neighbourhood base spaces are constructed. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Aminoalkylations of esters, sulfones, sulfoxides, alkylated pyridines, and nitriles with in situ generated iminium ions
Authors: Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.); Idzik, KR (Idzik, Krzysztof R.); Abdel-Fattah, AAA (Abdel-Fattah, Ashraf A. A.); Soloducho, J (Soloducho, Jadwiga); Steel, PJ (Steel, Peter J.)
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N-(alpha-Aminoalkyl)benzotriazoles, prepared from a variety of aldehydes and secondary amines, react with diverse ester enolates, sulfones, a sulfoxide, alkylated pyridines, and nitriles to provide novel access to beta-amino carboxylic esters (55-80% yield), beta-aminoalkyl sulfones (42-88% yield), beta-aminoalkyl sulfoxides (20-32% yield), alpha- and gamma-(beta-aminoalkyl)pyridines (69-90% yield), and beta-aminoalkyl cyanides (10-97% yield), respectively.

Title: A synthetic approach and antimicrobial evaluation of annulated pyrimidine and triazine derivatives
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, A. A.)
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A smooth and rapid one step synthesis of novel pyrido[2 ',3 ':3,4] pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines 4a,b and 7, pyrido[2',3':3,4]pyrazolo[5,1-c]triazines10-12a, b, pyrido[3 '',2 '':4,5] thieno[3',2': 4,5] pyrimido/triazino[1,6-a]benzimidazoles 15-20 in synthetically useful yields utilizing, 3-amino-4-phenyl-5-(saccharin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (3) were described. The structure assignment of the new compounds is based on chemical and spectroscopic evidence. Preliminary biological studies of some synthesized compounds showed promising antimicrobial activities.

Title: A generalized weierstrass elliptic function expansion method for solving some nonlinear partial differential equations
Authors: Saied, EA (Saied, E. A.)[ 1 ] ; Abd El-Rahman, RG (Abd El-Rahman, Reda G.)[ 1 ] ; Ghonamy, MI (Ghonamy, Marwa I.)[ 1 ]
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The present paper deals with families of non-trivial solutions of the equation (d/d xi omega)(2) = P omega(4)(xi) + Q omega(2)(xi) + R. On the basis of these solutions, a direct and generalized algebraic algorithm is described for constructing the new solutions of some nonlinear partial differential equations (NLPDEs). Subsequently, many new and more general exact solutions in terms of the Weierstrass elliptic function p (xi; g(2), g(3)) are obtained. The method can be applied to other NLPDEs in mathematical physics. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Studying effect of mhd on thin films of a micropolar fluid
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, GM (Abdel-Rahman, Gamal M.)
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This paper deals with the study of the effect of MHD on thin films of a micropolar fluid. These thin films are considered for three different geometries, namely: (i) flow down an inclined plane, (ii) flow on a moving belt and (iii) flow down a vertical cylinder. The transformed boundary layer governing equations of a micropolar fluid and the resulting system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by using shooting method. Numerical results were presented for velocity and micro-rotation profiles within the boundary layer for different parameters of the problem including micropolar fluid parameters, magnetic field parameter, etc., which are also discussed numerically and illustrated graphically. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of chromium ion substitution on the electromagnetic properties of nickel ferrite
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ]
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Polycrystalline ferrites with general formula NiFe(2-x)Cr(x)O(4) (0

Title: Inhibiting effect of ni2+ cation+3-methyl pyrazolone as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in sulfuric acid solution
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1 ] ; Meghed, HE (Meghed, H. E.)[ 1 ] ; Sobhi, M (Sobhi, M.)[ 1 ]
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The inhibition effect of Ni2+ cation, 3-methyl pyrazolone (3-MP) and mixture of them on the corrosion of carbon steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution was studied using weight loss, galvanostatic and potentiodynamic anodic polarization techniques The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing concentration of Ni2+ and 3-MP. The mixtures of Ni2+ and 3-MP improved the inhibition efficiency The formation of complex Compound was discussed depending on the results derived from UV-visible spectrophotometric measurements as well as conductometric titration (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Title: Charge transport through o-deficient au-mgo-au junctions
Authors: Fadlallah, MM (Fadlallah, M. M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Schuster, C (Schuster, C.)[ 1 ] ; Schwingenschlogl, U (Schwingenschloegl, U.)[ 3 ] ; Rungger, I (Rungger, I.)[ 4,5 ] ; Eckern, U (Eckern, U.)[ 1 ]
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Metal-oxide heterostructures have been attracting considerable attention in recent years due to various technological applications. We present results of electronic structure and transport calculations for the Au-MgO-Au (metal-insulator-metal) heterostructure based on density-functional theory and the nonequilibrium Green's functions method. The dependence of the conductance of the heterostructure on the thickness of the MgO interlayer and the interface spacing is studied. In addition, we address the effects of O vacancies. We observe deviations from an exponentially suppressed conductance with growing interlayer thickness caused by Au-O chemical bonds. Electronic states tracing back to O vacancies can increase the conductance. Furthermore, this effect can be enhanced by enlarging the interface spacing as the vacancy induced Mg states are shifted toward the Fermi energy.

Title: Assessment of efm as a new nondestructive technique for monitoring the corrosion inhibition of low chromium alloy steel in 0.5 m hcl by tyrosine
Authors: Amin, MA (Amin, Mohammed A.)[ 1 ] ; Abd El Rehim, SS (Abd El Rehim, Sayed S.)[ 1 ] ; El-Naggar, MM (El-Naggar, M. M.)[ 2 ] ; Abdel-Fatah, HTM (Abdel-Fatah, Hesham T. M.)[ 3 ]
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Electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM), a nondestructive corrosion measurement technique that can directly give values of corrosion current without prior knowledge of Tafel constants, is applied here to investigate the inhibition performance of tyrosine (Tyr) toward corrosion of low chromium alloy steel in 0.50 M HCl. Measurements were conducted under various experimental conditions in the range of temperature (20-60 A degrees C). Results obtained from EFM were compared with other traditional corrosion monitoring techniques, namely Tafel extrapolation, impedance, and weight loss. Polarization measurements showed that Tyr acted as a mixed-type inhibitor with cathodic predominance. The inhibition process was attributed to the formation of an adsorbed film on the metal surface that protected the metal against corrosive agents. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy examinations of the electrode surface confirmed the existence of such an adsorbed film. The inhibition efficiency increased with increase in Tyr concentration, while it decreased with solution temperature. The adsorptive behavior of Tyr on the electrode surface followed Temkin-type isotherm. Thermodynamic functions for the adsorption process were determined. The data obtained from the different methods were in good agreements, which indicated that the EFM technique was valid for monitoring the corrosion inhibition under the studied conditions.

Title: Facile three-component synthesis of dithiocarbamate derivatives with potent antimicrobial activity
Authors: Behalo, MS (Behalo, Mohamed S.)[ 1 ] ; Aly, AA (Aly, Aly A.)[ 1 ]
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A one-pot three-component synthesis of 3-oxo-3-(phenoxathiin-2-yl)-1-phenyl/(4-chlorophenyl)propyl alkyl/aryl-dithiocarbamate was achieved from the reaction of 3-phenyl/(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(phenoxathiin-2-yl)propenones, amine and carbon disulfide. The antimicrobial activities of some compounds were also screened against some selected bacteria and fungi.

Title: Exact solutions of some coupled nonlinear partial differential equations using the homotopy perturbation method
Authors: Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 1 ] ; Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 2 ]
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The purpose of this study is to introduce a modification of the homotopy perturbation method using Laplace transform and Pade approximation to obtain closed form solutions of nonlinear coupled systems of partial differential equations. Two test examples are given; the coupled nonlinear system of Burger equations and the coupled nonlinear system in one dimensional thermoelasticity. The results obtained ensure that this modification is capable of solving a large number of nonlinear differential equations that have wide application in physics and engineering. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Spectrophotometric methods for sertraline hydrochloride and/or clidinium bromide determination in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, Hassan A.)[ 1 ] ; Moustafa, MM (Moustafa, Moustafa M.)[ 1 ] ; Ghoname, MS (Ghoname, Mohammed S.)[ 1 ]
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A spectrophotometric procedure for the determination of sertraline hydrochloride (Sert) and/or clidinium bromide (Clid) in bulk sample and in dosage forms was developed. The purpose of this work was to develop a rapid, simple, inexpensive, precise, and accurate visible spectrophotometric method. The procedure is based on formation of an ion-pair complex by their reaction with bromocresol green (BCG), bromophenol blue (BPB), and bromothymol blue (BTB) in buffered aqueous solution at pH 3. The colored products are extracted into a polar solvent and measured spectrophotometrically at the optimum lambda(max) for each complex. Optimization of different experimental conditions is described. Regression analysis of Beer-Lambert plots showed good correlation in the concentration range of 1-30 A mu g mL(-1). The apparent molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits were calculated. For more accurate analysis, Ringbom optimum concentration range of 2-27 A mu g mL(-1) was used. The developed methods were successfully applied for the determination of sertraline hydrochloride and clidinium bromide in bulk in pharmaceutical formulations without any interference from common excipients. The procedure has the advantage of being highly sensitive and simple for the determination of the studied drugs, weak UV-absorbing compounds.

Title: Utilization of solid phase spectrophotometry for the determination of trace amounts of copper using 5-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-8-hydroxyquinoline
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)
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A simple, selective, highly sensitive and accurate procedure for the determination of trace amounts of copper has been developed based on solid-phase spectrophotometry. Copper reacts with 5-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-8-hydroxyquinoline (BTAHQ) to give a complex with high molar absorptivity (3.17 x 10(7) L mol(-1) cm(-1), 3.07 x 10(8) L mol(-1) cm(-1), 1.22 x 10(9) L mol(-1) cm(-1), and 1.80 x 10(9) L mol(-1) cm(-1)), fixed on a Dowex 1-X8 type anion-exchange resin for 10 mL, 100 mL, 500 mL, and 1000 mL, respectively. The absorbance at 667 nm and 800 nm packed in a 1.0 mm cell was measured directly. Calibration is linear over the range 0.2-3.7 A mu g L(-1) with RSD of < 1.28 % (n = 10). The detection and quantification limits of the 500 mL sample method are 79 ng L(-1) and 260 ng L(-1) when using 60 mg of Dowex 1-X8. For a 1000 mL sample, the detection and quantification limits are 67 ng L(-1) and 220 ng L(-1) using 60 mg of the exchanger. Increasing the sample volume can enhance the sensitivity. The proposed method was applied to the determination of copper in different environmental water samples (tap, pit, spring, and river), food products (rice, corn flour, and tea), and mushrooms, using the standard addition technique.

Title: Ionic conductivity and dielectric properties of plasticized pva(0.7)(libr)(0.3)(h2so4)(2.7m) solid acid membrane and its performance in a magnesium battery
Authors: Sheha, E (Sheha, E.)
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This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of a new solid acid polymer electrolyte (SAPE) based on polyvinyl alcohol, lithium bromide and sulfuric acid. Ethylene carbonate was used as plasticizer in the matrix for membranes prepared by a solution cast technique. AC impedance spectroscopy was used to determine the ionic conductivity of SAPE at different temperature and frequency values giving some insight into its potential utility as a solid acid membrane in solid state batteries. The ionic transference number of mobile ions has been estimated by a dc polarization method and the results reveal that the conducting species are predominately ions. A solid state magnesium battery is fabricated and characterized. A cell with the configuration Mg/SAPE/MnO2 gives a capacity of 270 mAh/g and has an internal resistance approximate to 175 Omega. The electrode degradation after discharge was characterized by XRD analysis. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Zygodon hook. ex taylor a new record to libya.
Authors: Youssef, S G M; Khaled, S Abd-El-Razik; Hamad, R B
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A new epiphytic moss, Zygodon catarinoi C. Garcia, F. Lara, Sergio and Sim-Sim, was recorded from Libya for the first time. The new species is characterized by ovate to elliptic gemmae, narrowly lanceolate, loosely erect leaves, the abaxial surface of the costae in the distal 1/3-1/2 of the leaf covered with forked papillae, leaf lamina bistratose, rudimentary peristome and with cucullate smooth calyptra. This study is to collected the genus Zygodon growing on trunks of some trees in Al-Jebel Al-Akhdar (Libya) throughout the winter season (January-March, 2007) and May 2008, in order to revision the genus in Libya. The taxa moss flora of Libya after this record became 108.

Title: Biosorption of nickel by pseudomonas cepacia 120s and bacillus subtilis 117s
Authors: Abdel-Monem, MO (Abdel-Monem, M. O.)[ 1 ] ; AL-Zubeiry, AHS (AL-Zubeiry, A. H. S.)[ 2 ] ; AL-Gheethi, AAS (AL-Gheethi, A. A. S.)[ 2 ]
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Biosorption of nickel by two bacterial species: Bacillus subtilis 117S and Pseudomonas cepacia 120S was studied. The maximum uptake of nickel was achieved at 234.4 mu g Ni(2+) ml(-1) by P. cepacia 120S (living and dead biomass) and at 117.2 and 351.6 mu g Ni(2+) ml(-1) by living and dead biomass of B. subtilis 117S. The increase in biomass concentration has shown an increase in the nickel uptake. The nickel removal increased significantly during contact time from 1 to 8 h then remained constant until 24 h where the equilibrium occurred. Biosorption efficiency of nickel increased with increasing pH from 2 to 7 for living and dead biomass of P. cepacia 120S and B. subtilis 117S. Temperature had an important role in nickel biosorption by both species. The nickel removal by living biomass was significantly disturbed after pretreatment of bacterial biomass with sodium azide, mercuric chloride and formaldehyde. Esterification of carboxyl groups, methylation of amino groups and extraction of lipid fraction of biomass by acetone and benzene significantly reduced the biosorption capacity of nickel. Repeated biosorption and desorption operations exhibited that the biosorption capacity of bacterial biomass regenerated with HNO(3) and NaOH as desorbing medium increased significantly in cycle 4 for P. cepacia 120S and B. subtilis 117S. In case of regeneration with HNO(3) and distilled water the biosorption capacity increased significantly in cycle 4 for B. subtilis 117S and did not differ significantly from cycle 1 to cycle 4 for P. cepacia 120S. The biosorption capacity of living and dead biomass of B. subtilis 117S and dead biomass of P cepacia 120S (155.5 as compared to 175.6 and 169.8 mg Ni(2+) g(-1)) was higher than that of sludge, tea and saw dust (148.4, 52.7 and 44.6 mg Ni(2+) g(-1)).

Title: Resonances of a nonlinear sdof system with time-delay in linear feedback control
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, A. F.)[ 1 ] ; El-kholy, S (El-kholy, S.)[ 2 ]
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The primary and subharmonic resonances of a nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system under feedback control with a time delay have been studied by means of an asymptotic perturbation technique. Both external (forcing) and parametric excitations have been included. By means of the averaging method and multiple scales method, two slow-flow equations for the amplitude and phase of the primary and subharmonic resonances and all other parameters are obtained, respectively. The steady state solutions (fixed points) for the original system are investigated. The stability of the fixed points is examined by using the variational method. The effect of the feedback gains, time-delay, the coefficient of cubic term, the coefficients of external and parametric excitations on the steady state responses are investigated and the results are presented as plots of the steady state response amplitude versus the detuning parameter. The results obtained by the two methods are in excellent agreement. There exist saddle node bifurcations for the case of primary resonance and the solutions lose stability for the case of resonance subharmonic.

Title: Periodic solutions and stability for a weakly damped nonlinear mathieu equation
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, A. F.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Khalik, A (Abdel-Khalik, A.)[ 1 ]
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Periodic solutions are investigated for a weakly damped nonlinear Mathieu equation. The multiple scales perturbation technique is used to determine a third-order solution for a nonlinear Mathieu equation. We derive a first reduced differential amplitude-phase system having periodic components. These equations are used to determine the fixed points. The stability of stationary solutions of this reduced system is analyzed. Numerical solutions are presented, which illustrate the behavior of the steady-state response amplitude as a function of the detuning parameter. Stability analysis is carried out for each case. The effects of these (quadratic and cubic) nonlinearities on these oscillations are specifically investigated. With this study, it has been verified that the qualitative effects of these nonlinearities are different.

Title: Facile, three-component synthesis of dithiocarbamate derivatives with potent antimicrobial activity
Authors: Behalo, MS (Behalo, M. S.)[ 1 ] ; Aly, AA (Aly, A. A.)[ 1 ]
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A one-pot three component synthesis of alkyl/aryl-dithiocarbamic acid-3-oxo-3-(phenoxathiin-2-yl)-1-phenyl/(4-chlorophenyl)propyl esters (3a-n) was achieved from the reaction of 3-phenyl/(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(phenoxathiin-2-yl)propenones (1a,b), amine, and carbon disulfide. The antimicrobial activities of some compounds were also screened against some selected bacteria and fungi. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements to view the free supplemental file.

Title: The evaluation of two local petroleum residues
Authors: Ahmed, MHM (Ahmed, M. H. M.)[ 2 ] ; El-Bassoussi, AA (El-Bassoussi, A. A.)[ 1 ] ; El Sayed, SM (El Sayed, S. M.)[ 1 ] ; Basta, JS (Basta, J. S.)[ 1 ] ; Attia, ESK (Attia, E-S. K.)[ 1 ]
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Two vacuum residues were delivered from two different petroleum refineries, one from Suez Petroleum Company and the second from Alexandria Petroleum Company. They were subjected to solvent extraction using n-pentane, n-heptane, and ethyl acetate. The process of solvent extraction aims to separate maltenes and asphaltenes. The maltenes were further subjected to liquid chromatography (column chromatograph) in order to separate them into saturates and aromatics (mono-, di-, and poly-) and resins. The saturates that were separated from the maltenes of the two vacuum residues with different solvents were studied by gas chromatography in order to determine how much n-paraffins and cyclo-paraffins they contained.

Title: Characterization of some local petroleum residues by spectroscopic techniques
Authors: El-Bassoussi, AA (El-Bassoussi, A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, MHM (Ahmed, M. H. M.)[ 2 ] ; El Sayed, SM (El Sayed, S. M.)[ 1 ] ; Basta, JS (Basta, J. S.)[ 1 ] ; Attia, ESK (Attia, E. -S. K.)[ 1 ]
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Two vacuum residues were delivered from two different petroleumr efineri es, one from Suez Petroleum Company and the second from Alexandria Petroleum Company. Two heavy residues were subjected to solvent extraction using n-pentane, n-heptane, and ethyl acetate. The studied residues were fractionated into their comp onents. Infrared spectroscopy was applied to study the distribution of functional groups contained in samples and their components. Some ratios calculated from the peak heights of selected infrared bands allow for a better comparison. The UV-Vis spectroscopic technique was applied to the aromatic fraction to determine how much mono-,di-,and polyaromatics are present in the aromatic fraction. The monoaromatics represent the lowest constituent among the aromatics present, whereas the poly aromatics and diaromatics are predominantly present and form the major constituent.

Title: Conformational equilibria and barriers to rotation in some novel nitroso derivatives of indolizines and 3-and 5-azaindolizines - an nmr and molecular modeling study
Authors: Ghiviriga, I (Ghiviriga, Ion)[ 1 ] ; El-Gendy, BEM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Martinez, H (Martinez, Henry); Fedoseyenko, D (Fedoseyenko, Dmytro)[ 1 ] ; Metais, EP (Metais, Eric P.)[ 3 ] ; Fadli, A (Fadli, Aziz)[ 3 ] ; Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1 ]
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Conformational equilibria in novel C-nitroso derivatives of indolizines and 3- and 5-azaindolizines have been studied by NMR. (13)C chemical shifts of the carbon alpha to the nitroso group confirmed that these compounds are present in solution as monomers. The conformers arising from restricted rotation about the C-NO bond in monomers were identified by the chemical shifts of the carbon beta to the nitroso group. Barriers to rotation in these compounds were unusually high, particularly for substituents in position 3 of indolizine. Ethyl 2-(methylamino)-1-nitrosoindolizine-3-carboxylate displayed conformers arising from the restricted rotation about the C-COOR bond. Molecular modelling demonstrated that in 1-nitrosoindolizines, the position of the conformational equilibrium is due to steric effects, while for 3-nitrosoindolizines electronic effects prevail.

Title: Revisit to the reaction of o-phenylene diamine with thiosemicarbazide to give benzimidazole-2-thione rather than benzotriazine-2-thione and its glycosylation
Authors: El Ashry, EH (El Ashry, El Sayed H.)[ 1,4 ] ; Aly, AA (Aly, Aly A.)[ 2 ] ; Aouad, MR (Aouad, Mohamed R.)[ 1,3 ] ; Amer, MR (Amer, Mohammed R.)[ 4 ]
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Reaction of o-phenylene diamine with thiosemicarbazide did not give benzotriazine-2-thione 2 as reported, although the product was found to be benzimidazole-2-thione 3. Glycosylation of 3 with acetobromo sugars 4a-4b gave the respective thioglycosides 7a-7d in addition to minor products of the nucleosides 8a and 8b, in the case of the gluco- and galacto-analogs, respectively. The regioselectivity of glycosylation reaction has been investigated.

Title: Effects of slip and heat generation/absorption on mhd mixed convection flow of a micropolar fluid over a heated stretching surface
Authors: Mahmoud, M (Mahmoud, Mostafa)[ 1 ] ; Waheed, S (Waheed, Shimaa)[ 1 ]
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A theoretical analysis is performed to study the flow and heat transfer characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection flow of a micropolar fluid past a stretching surface with slip velocity at the surface and heat generation (absorption). The transformed equations solved numerically using the Chebyshev spectral method. Numerical results for the velocity, the angular velocity, and the temperature for various values of different parameters are illustrated graphically. Also, the effects of various parameters on the local skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are given in tabular form and discussed. The results show that the mixed convection parameter has the effect of enhancing both the velocity and the local Nusselt number and suppressing both the local skin-friction coefficient and the temperature. It is found that local skin-friction coefficient increases while the local Nusselt number decreases as the magnetic parameter increases. The results show also that increasing the heat generation parameter leads to a rise in both the velocity and the temperature and a fall in the local skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number. Furthermore, it is shown that the local skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number decrease when the slip parameter increases.

Title: Sensitivity of three unionid glochidia to elevated levels of copper, zinc and lead
Authors: Kovats, N (Kovats, N.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Hameid, NA (Abdel-Hameid, N. -A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Kovacs, K (Kovacs, K.)[ 1 ] ; Paulovits, G (Paulovits, G.)[ 3 ]
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In this study glochidia as most sensitive life-stage of bivalves were used to evaluate the toxicity of copper, zinc and lead. Sensitivity of three species, Anodonta anatina, Pseudanodonta complanata and Unio tumidus were compared to copper and zinc, based on 24 and 48 h LC(50)s. The copper 24 h LC(50) showed the lowest value (26.8 mu g.L(-1)) for Unio tumidus glochidia. After 48 h exposure, close LC(50) values, 18.9 and 19.0 mu g.L(-1), were recorded for A. anatina and U. tumidus glochidia, respectively. U. tumidus glochidia exhibited the highest sensitivity to zinc (48 h LC(50) = 134.2 mu g.L(-1)) followed by P. complanata (48 h LC(50) = 201.6 mu g.L(-1)) and A. anatina (48 h LC(50) = 233.5 mu g.L(-1)). Toxicity of lead to P. complanata glochidia was estimated, 24 and 48 h LC(50)s of lead to 374.6 and 260.8 mu g.L(-1), respectively. No observed effect concentrations (NOECs) for the tested metals exhibited species differences. All NOECs exceeded environmental quality standards (EQS), therefore these species are at risk only in such European freshwaters which have extreme concentration of these metals. Synergistic effect was reported for the combinations of Cu + Zn and Cu + Pb, additive effect was reported for Zn + Pb.

Title: Synthesis of 3-(phenoxathiin-2-yl)-2-pyrazoline derivatives as new antibacterial and antifungal agents
Authors: Behalo, MS (Behalo, Mohamed S.)
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A new series of 3-(phenoxathiin-2-yl)-5-aryl-2-pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized from the reaction of 1-(phenoxathiin-2-yl)-3-phenyl/(4-chlorophenyl)propenones 1a and 1b with different nitrogen nucleophiles. The titled compounds were investigated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities and were compared with the standard drugs. Most of the synthesized compounds demonstrated potent to weak antimicrobial activity.

Title: Synthesis and evaluation of anionic copolymeric surfactant as dispersing agent for some heterocyclic azo-dyes
Authors: El-Dougdoug, WIA (El-Dougdoug, W. I. A.)[ 1,2 ]
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Series of polymeric surfactants based on decylacrylate (M1) as hydrophobe and oxypropylated maleate (Mm2,4,6 and 8 with different molar ratios of propylene oxide) as hydrophiles were prepared by copolymerization in presence of 1mole% azobiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as free radical initiator to afford [PMm2, PMm4, PMm6, and PMm8]a-i. The reaction mixtures were followed by sulfation and neutralization to attain [PMmS2, PMmS4 PMmS6, and PMmS8]a-i as anionic copolymeric surfactants, in good yield. These derivatives were purified and characterized by microanalysis, infrared, and 1H-NMR spectra studies. Also, surface activity, dispersing properties, and biodegradability were evaluated. The prepared anionic copolymeric surface active agents revealed good surface activities and high dispersing properties above 70% special for PMms8d with 8mole propylene oxide and equal molar ratio from hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers. Also, they are more biodegradable than traditional surfactants.

Title: Evaluation of surface active properties and voltammetric characterizations of some new anionic copolymer surfactants
Authors: Yasin, SA (Yasin, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; El-Dougdoug, WIA (El-Dougdoug, W. I. A.)[ 1 ]
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The onset of micelles formations critical micelle concentration, diffusion coefficients as well as particle sizes for some new synthesized anionic copolymer surfactants PSA4a, PSA4b, and PSA4c, were determined and discussed. Three different electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), rotating disk voltammetry (RDV), and chronocoulometry (CC) were used in this investigation. The voltammetry of electroactive hydrophobic probe ferrocene solubilized surfactants was investigated in aqueous buffer carbonate solutions of pH 10. The CMC for each PSA4a, PSA4b, and PSA4c, was found to be 3.20x10-4, 4.60x10-4 and 6.30x10-4M, respectively, using both CV and RDV techniques. The amount of adsorption contribution of ferrocene solubilized surfactants at the glassy carbon electrode was determined from chronocoulometric measurements and it was found in the range from (1.4 to 2.7)x10-15M. The apparent diffusion coefficients were estimated from RDV measurements and the real micelles diffusion coefficients were obtained. Re-quilibrium considerations of ferrocene probe kinetics at the electrode surface were treated according to two different modes of slow- and fast-kinetics. The corrected diffusion coefficient values showed constancy at (5.3 +/- 0.1)x10-7, (4.8 +/- 0.1)x10-7, and (3.6 +/- 0.4)x10-7cm2/sec for PSA4a, PSA4b, and PSA4c, respectively in the concentration range from 20 to 200mM. The morphological features of anionic copolymeric surfactants PSA4a, PSA4b, and PSA4c, micelles showed globular self-assembled structure.

Title: Ethoxylated fatty amide as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution
Authors: Zaafarany, I (Zaafarany, I.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 2 ]
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The corrosion behavior of carbon steel in 1MHCl solution in the absence and presence of three compounds of ethoxylated fatty amide was studied using weight loss and galvanostatic polarization techniques. The percentage inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing of inhibitor concentrations, number of ethylene oxide unit and with decreasing temperature. The inhibitive action of these compounds was discussed in term of adsorption on the steel surface through ethylene oxide unit while the hydrocarbon parts protrude brush-like into the solution. The adsorption process follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the rate of corrosion in the absence and presence of these compounds was also studied. Some activated thermodynamic parameters were calculated.

Title: On the convergence of variational iteration method for nonlinear coupled system of partial differential equations
Authors: Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 1 ] ; Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 2 ]
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In this paper, the sufficient conditions that guarantee the convergence of the variational iteration method when applied to solve a coupled system of nonlinear partial differential equations are presented. Especial attention is given to the error bound of the nth term of the resultant sequence. Numerical examples to show the efficiency of the method are presented.

Title: Preparation and evaluation of sulphonamide nonionic surfactants
Authors: Ahmed, MHM (Ahmed, M. H. M.)
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Alkyl (octyl, decyl and dodecyl; C(8), C(10) and C(12)) benzene sulphonyl chloride was used in the preparation of a novel series of nonionic surfactants (IV-VI)a-c, (VII-IX) a-c and (X-XII)a-c. The preparations were completed by reacting each alkyl (C(8), C(10) and C(12)) benzene sulphonyl chloride with ethanolamine to give (I-III) respectively. The resulting products were reacted separately with ethylene oxide in the presence of different (base KOH, Lewis acid SnCl(4) and k10 clay) catalysts to produce different moles of nonionic surfactants (5, 7 and 9) in sequence corresponding to (IV-VI)a-c, (VII-IX) a-c and (X-XII)a-c respectively. The chemical structures of prepared nonionic surfactants were elucidated by IR and (1)HNMR spectra. The surface activity, biodegradability and biological activities of the prepared compounds were investigated. The obtained data show that these compounds have good surface and biological activities as well as reasonable biodegradability properties.

Title: Sensitive spectrophotometric methods for determination of some organophosphorus pesticides in vegetable samples
Authors: Gouda, AA (Gouda, Ayman A.)[ 1 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 3 ] ; El Sheikh, R (El Sheikh, Ragaa)[ 1 ] ; Akl, MA (Akl, Magda A.)[ 2 ]
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Three rapid, simple, reproducible and sensitive spectrophotomettic methods (A, B and C) are described for the determination of two organophosphorus pesticides, (malathion and dimethoate) in formulations and vegetable samples. The methods A and B involve the addition of an excess of Ce(4+) into sulphuric acid medium and the determination of the unreacted oxidant by decreasing the red color of chromotrope 2R (C2R) at a suitable lambda(max) = 528 nm for method A, or a decrease in the orange pink color of rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) at a suitable lambda(max) = = 525 nm. The method C is based on the oxidation of malathion or dimethoate with the slight excess of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and the determination of unreacted oxidant by reacting it with amaranth dye (AM) in hydrochloric acid medium at a suitable lambda(max) = 520 nm. A regression analysis of Beer-Lambed plots showed a good correlation in the concentration range of 0.1-4.2 mu g mL(-1) The apparent molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, the detection and quantification limits were calculated. For more accurate analysis, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges are 0.25-4.0 mu g mL(-1). The developed methods were successfully applied to the determination of malathion, and dimethoate in their formulations and environmental vegetable samples.

Title: Inhibition of acidic and pitting corrosion of nickel using natural black cumin oil
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1 ] ; Al Karanee, SO (Al Karanee, S. O.)[ 1 ] ; Fatah, AAA (Fatah, A. A. Abdel)[ 1 ]
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The inhibition effect of natural black cumin oil on the corrosion of nickel in 0.1M HCl solution was studied using galvanostatic and potentiodyanmic anodic polarization techniques. It was found that the inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in the inhibitor concentration of this oil. The inhibitive action of black cumin oil was attributed to the adsorption on metal surface. The adsorbed layer acts as a barrier between the metal surface and aggressive solution, leading to a decrease in the corrosion rate. The adsorption process follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. It was found also that black cumin oil provides good protection to nickel against pitting corrosion in sodium chloride solutions.

Title: Inhibition of carbon steel corrosion by some cyanoacetohydrazide derivatives in hcl solution
Authors: Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 2 ] ; Attia, A (Attia, A.)[ 1 ]
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This article describes an investigation of the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in 2M HCl solution with the addition of some cyanoacetohydrazide derivatives by weight loss, galvanostatic polarization, and potentiodynamic anodic polarization techniques. The explored methods gave almost similar results. Results obtained reveal that inhibitor (I) is the best inhibitor and the inhibition efficiency (IE%) follows the sequence IIIIIIIV. The percentage inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentration of inhibitors and decreases with increasing temperature of the medium. The addition of KI, KSCN, and KBr to cyanoacetohydrazide derivatives enhanced the inhibition efficiency due to synergistic effect. The effect of temperature on C-steel corrosion in 2M HCl and with the addition of 11x10-6M of investigated compounds in the temperature range 30 degrees-50 degrees C was studied. Some thermodynamic functions were computed and discussed. The inhibitors are adsorbed on the carbon steel surface according to Temkin's adsorption isotherm. Polarization data suggested that the additives used act as mixed-type inhibitors. It was found that the cyanoacetohydrazide derivatives provide good protection to carbon steel against pitting corrosion in chloride-containing solutions.

Title: The effects of variable fluid properties on mhd maxwell fluids over a stretching surface in the presence of heat generation/absorption
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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An analysis is performed to investigate the effects of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on the two-dimensional steady flow of an electrically conducting, incompressible, upper-convected Maxwell fluid in the presence of a transverse magnetic field and heat generation or absorption. The governing system of partial differential equations is transformed into a system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations, and is solved numerically. Velocity and temperature fields have been computed and shown graphically for various values of the physical parameters. The local skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number have been tabulated. It is found that fluid velocity decreases with an increase in the viscosity parameter and the Deborah number. It is also observed that increasing the magnetic parameter leads to a fall in the velocity and a rise in the temperature. Furthermore, it is shown that the temperature increases due to increasing the values of the thermal conductivity parameter and the heat generation parameter, while it decreases with an increase of both the absolute value of the heat absorption parameter and the Prandtl number.

Title: Conformal change of special finsler spaces
Authors: Youssef, NL (Youssef, Nabil L.)[ 1 ] ; Abed, SH (Abed, S. H.)[ 1 ] ; Soleiman, A (Soleiman, A.)[ 2 ]
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The present paper is a continuation of the foregoing paper [16]. The main aim is to establish an intrinsic investigation of the conformal change of the most important special Finsler spaces. Necessary and sufficient conditions for such special Finsler manifolds to be invariant under a conformal change are obtained. Moreover, the conformal change of Chern and Hashiguchi connections, as well as their curvature tensors, are given.

Title: Complexation and spectrophotometric study of samarium(iii) using pyrimidine azo derivatives in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, Ibrahim S.)[ 1 ]
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The complexation of samarium(III) using 5-(2'-bromophenylazo)-6-hydroxy pyrimidine-2,4-dione (Ra), 5-(4'-chlorophenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (Rb), and 5-(2',4'-dimethylphenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (Rc) was studied in the presence and absence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB). Binary Sm-R2 and ion associate (Sm-R2)-(CTMAB) complexes were formed at pH 7.2, 7.7, and 8.2 and showed an absorption maxima at 577, 610, and 597nm in the absence and 595, 625, and 613nm in the presence of CTMAB, respectively. The stability constant and the stoichiometric ratio of the formed complexes were also calculated. The ion associate complex formation was completed spontaneously and the resulting complexes were stable for at least 12h. Under the optimum experimental conditions employed, the molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, optimum concentration ranges, detection, and quantitation limits were calculated. Interfering species of different anions and cations have been studied. The precision and recovery for the developed procedures are both satisfactory. The proposed procedure is successfully applied to determine samarium in standard samples of rare earth mixture, synthetic, and monazite samples.

Title: Some crown ethers as inhibitors for corrosion of stainless steel type 430 in aqueous solutions
Authors: Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 2 ] ; Al-Ashrey, SM (Al-Ashrey, S. M.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Fattah, AA (Abdel-Fattah, A. A.)[ 2 ]
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The effect of crown ethers on the corrosion behavior of stainless steel (type 430) in 2M HCl solution was studied using weight loss and galvanostatic polarization methods. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing the concentration of the inhibitors and deceases with increasing the temperature. The polarization studies showed that crown ethers act as mixed-type inhibitors. The inhibiting effect of these compounds was interpreted in view of their adsorption on the metal surface. The adsorption of these compounds was found to obey Temkin adsorption isotherm. Surface examination and morphological studies were tested using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). All the results achieved were compared and discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Quantum mechanical calculations of the cephalosporin nucleus.
Authors: Gad El-karim, I A; Aly, A A; Amine, M S; El-Alfy, S
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A computational study using several ab initio methods, HF, DFT and MP2 at different basis set levels (6-31G*, 6-31G**, 6-311G** and 6-311++G**) has been performed to determine the possible stable conformations attained by the cephalosporin nucleus. The calculations were carried out in three stages by studying the conformational analysis of the 3-cephem nucleus, the 3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid nucleus and the acetylamino group of the 7-acetylamino-3cephem-4-carboxylic acid. In the first two stages, the potential energy surfaces indicated two minima that correspond to the S1-up and C2-up conformations, with the S1-up being more stable. The energy required for the interconversion of the S1-up to the C2-up is around 7 kcal/mol, indicating the feasibility of interconversion between the two conformers. In the third stage, the acetylamino group attained two conformations with respect to the 3-cephem nucleus. All the geometric parameters obtained in this study were found to be in reasonably good agreement with available X-ray diffraction data, even upon using a simple basis set. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Quantum mechanical calculations of the cephalosporin nucleus
Authors: El-Karim, IAG (El-Karim, I. A. Gad)[ 1 ] ; Aly, AA (Aly, A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Amine, MS (Amine, M. S.)[ 1 ] ; El-Alfy, S (El-Alfy, S.)[ 1 ]
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A computational study using several ab initio methods, HF, DFT and MP2 at different basis set levels (6-31G*, 6-31G**, 6-311G** and 6-311++G**) has been performed to determine the possible stable conformations attained by the cephalosporin nucleus. The calculations were carried out in three stages by studying the conformational analysis of the 3-cephem nucleus, the 3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid nucleus and the acetylamino group of the 7-acetylamino-3cephem-4-carboxylic acid. in the first two Stages, the potential energy surfaces indicated two minima that correspond to the S1-up and C2-up conformations, with the S1-up being more stable. The energy required for the interconversion of the S1-up to the C2-up is around 7 kcal/mol, indicating the feasibility of interconversion between the two conformers. In the third stage, the acetylamino group attained two conformations with respect to the 3-cephem nucleus. All the geometric parameters obtained in this study were found to be in reasonably good agreement with available X-ray diffraction data, even upon using a simple basis set. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Dye-sensitized nanocrystalline cds and zns solar cells with different organic dyes
Authors: Reda, SM (Reda, Safenaz M.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sherbieny, SA (El-Sherbieny, Said A.)[ 2 ]
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We have developed dye-sensitized nanocrystalline CdS and ZnS solar cells (DSSCs) based on crystal violet, methylene blue, and fluorescein photosensitizers. Nanocrystalline CdS and ZnS were synthesized by a green synthesis method using starch as the capping agent. Characterization of nanocrystalline CdS and ZnS was carried out by optical absorption and x-ray diffraction. The results indicate that CdS and ZnS prepared by this method may be used as photoelectodes in photo-electro-chemical energy conversion systems. DSSCs have been built and their photocurrent, open-circuit voltage, fill factor, and efficiency have been measured under direct sunlight illumination (1000 Wcm(-2)). The efficiency of the cells made from dye-CdS was much higher than that of the cells made from dye-ZnS. This can be attributed to the particle size effect. Among the prepared dye-sensitized solar cells, a DSSC based on fluorescein dye as the photosensitizer produced the highest overall light solar energy to electricity conversion efficiency.

Title: A study on cu substituted ni-cu-zn ferrites synthesized using egg-white
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Juaid, SS (Al-Juaid, S. S.)[ 1 ]
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This paper examines the effect of copper substitution on the structural and magnetic properties in nanocrystalline ferrite series of nominal composition; Ni(0.7-x)Cu(x)ZnO(3)Fe(2)O(4) (where x=0.1-0.6) synthesized by a simple method using metal nitrates and freshly extracted egg-white. X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD) confirmed the formation of single-phase cubic spinel structure. The average crystallite size was calculated using XRD pattern and confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The nearly constant lattice parameters obtained with Cu substitution was attributed to the small difference in the ionic radius between Ni(2+) and Cu(2+) ions. FT-IR spectra showed two absorption bands assigned to the tetrahedral and octahedral complexes. The effect of Cu concentration on the magnetic properties was investigated using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and molar magnetic susceptibility measurements. The decrease in the saturation magnetization and the Curie temperature values with increasing Cu content was explained in terms of the magnetic moments and magnetic exchange interaction existing between the antiparallel uncompensated electron spin of A and B sublattices. The magnetic measurements also proved that the entire preparation method has a great effect on enhancing the magnetic properties of the system. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Simulation of plasma focus devices with hemisphere electrodes
Authors: Abd Al-Halim, MA (Abd Al-Halim, M. A.)[ 1,2 ]
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A magneto-hydrodynamic simulation of a plasma focus device with hemisphere electrodes is constructed. The snowplow model is used with help of the momentum conservation equation to describe the motion of the plasma sheath between the two concentric hemispheres. The model simulates various plasma parameters like plasma temperature and plasma sheath velocity. The circuit equation is used to calculate the discharge current and electrodes voltage across the two hemisphere terminals. A comparison between the cylindrical and spherical devices is built. The results show that the current dip and the spike voltage is expected to be much pronounced in the spherical devices. It is found also that the plasma sheath velocity and temperature in the case of the cylindrical system are higher than that in the spherical one.

Title: Progesterone rise on the day of hcg administration (premature luteinization) in ivf: an overdue update
Authors: Elnashar, AM (Elnashar, Aboubakr M.)
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Premature luteinization (PL) refers to a rise in serum progesterone (P) levels on the day of hCG administration. Most studies used an absolute P level on the day of hCG administration as an indicator of PL, and the cutoff level differed from 0.8 to 2 ng/mL. Some authors defined PL as a P/E2 ratio of > 1. There is a marked variation in the incidence (13% to 71%), of PL due to discrepancies in definition, population characteristics and/or treatment protocols. The pathogenesis of PL in COH is still poorly understood. Several hypotheses may be considered to explain this phenomenon: elevation of follicular LH levels, serum accumulation of HCG from HMG, increased LH receptor sensitivity of the granulosa cells to FSH, or poor ovarian response with increased LH sensitivity. The consequences of this premature elevation of serum P on IVF outcome remain controversial. Attempts to prevent COH include: use of Low-dose hCG alone in the late COH stages, flexible antagonist protocol, use of mifepristone, aspiration of a single leading follicle, hCG administration when the levels of serum P exceeded 1.0 ng/mL.

Title: Structural and electrical properties of pure and h2so4 doped (pva)(0.7)(nai)(0.3) solid polymer electrolyte
Authors: Badr, S (Badr, S.)[ 2 ] ; Sheha, E (Sheha, E.)[ 1 ] ; Bayomi, RM (Bayomi, R. M.)[ 1 ] ; El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, M. G.)[ 1 ]
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Solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) based on poly-(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)(0.7) and sodium iodide (NaI)(0.3) complexed with sulfuric acid (SA) at different concentrations were prepared using solution casting technique. The structural properties of these electrolyte films were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The XRD data revealed that sulfuric acid disrupt the semi-crystalline nature of (PVA)(0.7)(NaI)(0.3) and convert it into an amorphous phase. The proton conductivity and impedance of the electrolyte were studied with changing sulfuric acid concentration from 0 to 5.1 mol/liter (M). The highest conductivity of (PVA)(0.7)(NaI)(0.3) matrix at room temperature was 10(-5) S cm(-1) and this increased to 10(-3) S cm(-1) with doping by 5.1 M sulfuric acid. The electrical conductivity (sigma) and dielectric permittivity (epsilon') of the solid polymer electrolyte in frequency range (500 Hz-1 MHz) and temperature range (300-400) K were carried out. The electrolyte with the highest electrical conductivity was used in the fabrication of a sodium battery with the configuration Na/SPE/MnO2. The fabricated cells give open circuit voltage of 3.34 V and have an internal resistance of 4.5 k Omega.

Title: Effect of alumina incorporation on restricting grain growth of nanocrystalline tin(iv) oxide
Authors: Al-Angari, YM (Al-Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ] ; Kadi, MW (Kadi, M. W.)[ 1 ] ; Ismail, IM (Ismail, I. M.)[ 1 ] ; Gabal, MA (Gabal, Mohamed. A.)[ 2 ]
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In this project, nanocrystalline SnO(2) powders were successfully prepared by (a) citrate sol-gel and (b) direct precipitation methods. Powders were characterized using thermal analysis techniques (DTA-TG-DSC), X-ray powder Diffraction (XRD), surface area (BET) and electrical conductivity measurements. XRD patterns showed the presence of the cassiterite structure. SnO(2) particles, prepared through sol-gel method exhibit crystallite sizes in the range from 3.1 to 22.3 nm when the gel is heat treated at different temperatures up to 900 degrees C. SnO(2) nanocrystallites prepared by the precipitation method are comparatively larger in size. The higher specific surface area was obtained for the powder prepared using sol-gel method and the obtained average grain size (d) is relatively large compared with that of the average crystallite size. The powders show a semiconducting behavior with increasing temperature. The higher conductivity obtained for SnO(2) prepared by sol-gel method can be attributed to their smaller average crystallite size. XRD of alumina doped powder exhibits finer particles than pure SnO(2). TEM images showed that the particles are spherical in shape and consist of a core of SnO(2) surrounded by a coating of alumina. The calculated surface area was found to decrease with temperature increases. Due to the effective role of Al(2)O(3) additive as a grain growth inhibitor for the matrix grains, the observed surface area for the coated materials are predominantly higher than for the uncoated materials.

Title: Indirect spectrophotometric determination of piroxicam and tenoxicam through oxidation with potassium permanganate
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, H. A.)[ 1 ] ; Khalil, KM (Khalil, K. M.)[ 1 ]
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Three rapid, simple, accurate and selective validated spectrophtometric methods (A, B and C) for the determination of piroxicam (PX) and tenoxicam (TX) in bulk sample and in dosage forms are described. The methods are based on the oxidation of the studied drugs by a known excess of potassium permanganate in sulfuric acid medium and subsequent determination of unreacted oxidant by reacting it with Methylene Blue (Basic Blue 9) dye (method A), Acid Red 27 (Amaranth) dye (method B) and Acid Orange 7 (orange II) dye (method C), in the same medium at a suitable lambda(max) = 660, 520 and 485 nm, respectively. The reacted oxidant was found to be corresponding to the drug content. Regression analysis of Beer-Lambert plots showed good correlations in the concentration ranges 1.0-8.0, 1.0-9.0 and 1.0-7.2 pig mL(-1) using methods A, B and C, respectively, for PX and 0.3-7.0, 0.3-1.6 and 0.3-2.5 mu g mL(-1) using methods A, B and C, respectively, for TX. The stoichiometric ratios for the cited drugs to oxidant were studied. The optimum reaction conditions and other analytical parameters were evaluated. The proposed methods were applied successfully to determine the examined drugs either in pure form or pharmaceutical formulations with good accuracy and precision. The relative standard deviations were

Title: A chebyshev pseudo-spectral method for solving fractional-order integro-differential equations
Authors: Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 1 ] ; Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 2 ]
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A Chebyshev pseudo-spectral method for solving numerically linear and nonlinear fractional-order integro-differential equations of Volterra type is considered. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. The suggested method reduces these types of equations to the solution of linear or nonlinear algebraic equations. Special attention is given to study the convergence of the proposed method. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to show that this method is computationally efficient, and a comparison is made with existing results.

Title: Resistive switching characteristics of (v2o5)(0.7-x)(geo2)(0.3)(cuo)(x) glasses
Authors: Gouda, ME (Gouda, M. E.)[ 1 ] ; Khodair, H (Khodair, H.)[ 1 ] ; El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, M. G.)[ 1 ]
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The effect of replacing vanadium by Cu2+ ion on the dc-electrical conductivity (sigma) and I-Vcharacteristics of (V2O5)(0.7)(GeO2)(0.3) glass has been investigated at different temperatures. The conductivity value increases with increasing the concentration of Cu2+. The electrical conduction is interpreted on the basis of electrons hopping from reduced to unreduced vanadium and/or cupper ions. The I-V characteristic curves showed three regions of conduction, namely, high resistance state (OFF-state), turnover point with zero differential resistance region (partial derivative V/partial derivative I=0) and a differential negative-resistance region. The turnover point is strongly dependent on composition, sample thickness and temperature. The switching data are discussed according to electrothermal model. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Quantum mechanical study of substituted phenoxathiin: a study of the structure of fluorinated phenoxathiins
Authors: El-Karim, IAG (El-Karim, Iman A. Gad)
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The effect induced by introducing electron captor substituent, namely, fluorine in the arene rings of phenoxathiin on the structure of the phenoxathiin nucleus have been studied using the ab initio method at the B3LYP/(6-31+G)+d basis set level. The study predicts and analyses the configuration of several not yet synthesized fluorinated-phenoxathiin derivatives. Thus, the magnitude of change in the puckering angle P. of phenoxathiin was found to be dependent on the position of the fluorine atom with respect to the oxygen atom of the central heterocyclic ring. Substitution at the 1-position, meta to the oxygen did induce flattening of the nucleus i.e. increased phi(c), while substitutions at the 2- and 4- positions, para and ortho to the oxygen, respectively, induced further puckering on the nucleus i.e. decreased P.. Successive substitution at these positions enhanced these effects. Thus, 1,9-difluorophenoxathiin was found to be the most flattened, while 2,3,4,6,7,8-hexafluorophenoxathiin was found to be the most puckered fluorinated phenoxathiins. The predicted inversion barrier for all the studied compounds was very small; it did not exceed 1.67 kcal/mol for the most puckered isomer. Consequently, we anticipated these compounds to enjoy an easy butterfly interconversion. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Investigations on the electrical and structural properties of pva doped with (nh4)(2)so4
Authors: Hassan, MA (Hassan, M. A.)[ 2 ] ; Gouda, ME (Gouda, M. E.)[ 1 ] ; Sheha, E (Sheha, E.)[ 1 ]
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Solid polymer electrolytes based on poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) complexed with ammonium sulfate (NH4)(2)SO4 at different weight percent ratios were prepared using solution cast technique. The structural properties of these electrolyte films were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The XRD data revealed that the amorphous domains of PVA polymer matrix increased with the increase of ammonium sulfate added up to 5 wt %, after which the degree of crystallinity increases. The complexation of the salt with the polymer was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Electrical conductivity was measured in the temperature range of 303-373 K. The conductivity was found to obey Arrhenius formula. The dielectric permittivity epsilon' was studied as function of temperature and frequency, respectively. The data showed increasing in epsilon' values with the increase in temperature while decreased with increase in frequency for polymer electrolyte system up to 10% of ammonium sulfate added. For values of addition greater than 10%, epsilon' is independent of both temperature and frequency. The ac conductivity is found to obey the power relation. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 116: 1213-1217, 2010

Title: Colorimetric microdetermination of captopril in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations
Authors: Shama, SA (Shama, Sayed Ahmed); Amin, AES (Amin, Alla El-Sayed); Omara, H (Omara, Hany)
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A simple, rapid, accurate, precise and sensitive colorimetric method for the determination of captopril (CAP) in bulk sample and in dosage forms is described. The method is based on oxidation of the drug by potassium permanganate in acidic medium and determination of the unreacted oxidant by measuring the decrease in absorbance for five different dyes; methylene blue (MB); acid blue 74 (AB), acid red 73 (AR), amaranth dye (AM) and acid orange 7 (AO) at a suitable lambda(max) (660, 610, 510, 520, and 485 nm), respectively. Regression analysis of Beer's plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges (0.4-12.5, 0.3-10, 0.5-11, 0.4-8.3 and 0.5-9.3 mu g ml(-1)), respectively. The apparent molar absorbtivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantitation limits were calculated. For more accurate results, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were 0.5-12, 0.5-9.6, 0.6-10.5, 0.5-8.0 and 0.7-9.0 mu g ml(-1), respectively. The validity of the proposed method was tested by analyzing in pure and dosage forms containing CAP whether alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide. Statistical analysis of the results reflects that the proposed procedures are precise, accurate and easily applicable for the determination of CAP in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations. Also, the stability constant was determined and the free energy change was calculated potentiometrically. (C) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Title: Resonances of a nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom system with time delay in linear feedback control
Authors: :El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, Atef F.)[ 1 ] ; El-Kholy, S (El-Kholy, Salah)[ 2 ]
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The primary and subharmonic resonances of a nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom system under feedback control with a time delay are studied by means of an asymptotic perturbation technique. Both external (forcing) and parametric excitations are included. By means of the averaging method and multiple scales method, two slow-flow equations for the amplitude and phase of the primary and subharmonic resonances and all other parameters are obtained. The steady state (fixed points) corresponding to a periodic motion of the starting system is investigated and frequency-response curves are shown. The stability of the fixed points is examined using the variational method. The effect of the feedback gains, the time-delay, the coefficient of cubic term, and the coefficients of external and parametric excitations on the steady-state responses are investigated and the results are presented as plots of the steady-state response amplitude versus the detuning parameter. The results obtained by two methods are in excellent agreement.

Title: Optical measurements of mixture thermotropic liquid crystals
Authors: Zaki, AA (Zaki, A. A.)
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In this work, a new experimental approach was used for measuring birefringence of mixture thermotropic liquid crystal materials at different wavelengths in the visible region. Also the values of the refractive indices were measured for these mixture thermotropic liquid crystals in isotropic and liquid crystal phase at different wavelengths. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Formation of lafeo3 and thermal decomposition reactions in lanthanum(iii) oxalate-iron(ii) oxalate crystalline mixture
Authors: :Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.); Ata-Allah, SS (Ata-Allah, S. S.); Al-Youbi, AO (Al-Youbi, A. O.); Basahel, SN (Basahel, S. N.); Al-Thabaiti, SA (Al-Thabaiti, S. A.)
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Thermal processes involved during the decomposition course of La-2(C2O4)(3)center dot 10H(2)O-FeC2O4 center dot 2H(2)O (1:2 mole ratio) mixture up to 750 degrees C, in an atmosphere of air, were monitored by thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis. X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy were used to characterize the intermediates and the final product. The results showed that a microcrystalline or possibly amorphous iron(III) oxide with a paramagnetic nature was appeared in the early stages of decomposition at 250 degrees C. By increasing the temperature, a well crystalline hematite with ferromagnetic properties was obtained. XRD pattern of the mixture calcined at 1100 degrees C shows the formation of LaFeO3 single phase in consistent with the hyperfine magnetic splitting (one sextet of lines) characteristic of LaFeO3 obtained in the Mossbauer spectra of the mixture calcined at the same temperature.

Title: Magnetic properties of nicuzn ferrite nanoparticles synthesized using egg-white
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1,2 ]
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A new process to prepare single-phase nano-sized ferrites, Ni(0.80-x)Cu(0.2)Zn(x)Fe(2)O(4) with x = 0.1-0.7, was developed using egg-white precursors. TG measurement showed that, the precursors must be calcined at 550 degrees C. XRD patterns indicated the formation of single-phase cubic ferrites with particle size in the range 28.7-48.4 nm. TEM image gave particle size agrees well with that estimated using XRD. FT-IR spectroscopy showed the characteristic ferrite bands. Hysteresis loops measurements exhibited an increase in the saturation magnetization value (M(s)) up to zinc content of 0.2 followed by unexpected decrease, which suggests the preference of Zn(2+) ions to occupy octahedral sites. The decrease in the coercivity (H(c)) with increasing zinc content is attributed to the lower magneto-crystalline anisotropy of Zn(2+) ions compared to Ni(2+) ions. Temperature dependence of the molar magnetic susceptibility (chi(M)) suggested a ferrimagnetic behavior of the investigated samples and showed a decrease in the value of the Curie temperature (T(C)) with increasing zinc. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: The role of oxidation states in laser light generation, color image formation and adsorbate-substrate interactions. comparative study of f-a : tl+1, f-b : tl+1, f-a : tl+3 and f-b : tl+3 color centers at the (100) and (110) surfaces of agbr crystal
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.); Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel); Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)
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The oxidation states of thallium in F-A and F-B color centers at the low coordination (100) and (110) surfaces of AgBr play important roles in laser light generation, color image formation, and adsorbate-substrate interactions. The color center potentials at these surfaces are investigated by using quantum mechanical ab initio methods. Quantum clusters of variable sizes were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces, and ions that were the nearest neighbors to the F-A and F-B defect sites were allowed to relax to equilibrium. The calculated Stokes shifts suggest that laser light generation is sensitive to the simultaneous effects of the oxidation state of thallium, the coordination number of the surface ion, and the choice of the basis set centered on the anion vacancy. An attempt has been made to explain these effects in terms of Madelung potential, electron affinity, optical-optical conversion efficiency, and adsorbate-substrate electrostatic potentials. All relaxed excited states of the defect containing surfaces were deep below the lower edges of the conduction bands of the groundstate defect-free surfaces, suggesting that the title color centers are suitable laser defects. The dependence of the orientational destruction, recording sensitivity and exciton (energy) transfer on the oxidation state of thallium and the coordination number of the surface ion is clarified. The Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule is generalized to include the oxidation state of the impurity cation and the coordination number of the surface ion. As far as color image formation is concerned, the supersensitizer was found to increase the sensitizing capabilities of two primary dyes in the excited states by increasing the relative yield of quantum efficiency. The Tl+3 surfaces of AgBr are significantly more sensitive than the corresponding Tl+1 surfaces. On the basis of quasi Fermi levels, the difference in the sensitizing capabilites between the examined dyes in the excited states is determined. The adsorbate-substrate interactions were found to be dependent on the oxidation state of the impurity cation and on the electronegativity of the adatom. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: H-1, c-13, and n-15 nmr spectra of some pyridazine derivatives
Authors: Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1 ] ; El-Gendy, BEDM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Draghici, B (Draghici, Bogdan)[ 1 ] ; Fedoseyenko, D (Fedoseyenko, Dmytro)[ 1,3 ] ; Fadli, A (Fadli, Aziz)[ 4 ] ; Metais, E (Metais, Eric)[ 4 ]
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H-1, C-13, and N-15 NMR chemical shifts for pyridazines 4-22 were measured using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic methods including H-1-H-1 gDQCOSY, H-1-C-13 gHMQC, H-1-C-13 gHMBC, and H-1-N-15 CIGAR-HMBC experiments. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Title: Vibration control of a cantilever beam with time delay state feedback
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, Atef F.)
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The primary and subharmonic resonance of order one-third of a cantilever beam under state feedback control with a time delay are investigated. Using the method of multiple scales, we obtain two slow flow equations for the amplitude and phase. The first-order approximate solution is derived and the effect of time delay on the resonance is investigated. The concept of an equivalent damping, related to the delay feedback, is proposed and an appropriate choice of the feedback gains and the time delay is discussed from the viewpoint of vibration control. The fixed points corresponding to the periodic motion of the starting system are determined, and the frequency-response and external excitation-response curves are shown. Bifurcation analysis is conducted in order to examine the stability of the system.

Title: Stability and oscillation of two coupled duffing equations with time delay state feedback
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, A. F.)
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This paper presents an analytical study of the simultaneous principal parametric resonances of two coupled Duffing equations with time delay state feedback. The concept of an equivalent damping related to the delay feedback is proposed and the appropriate choice of the feedback gains and the time delay is discussed from the viewpoint of vibration control. The method of multiple scales is used to determine a set of ordinary differential equations governing the modulation of the amplitudes and phases of the two modes. The first order approximation of the resonances are derived and the effect of time delay on the resonances is investigated. The fixed points correspond to a periodic motion for the starting system and we show the frequency-response curves. We analyse the effect of time delay and the other different parameters on these oscillations. The stability of the fixed points is examined by using the variational method. Numerical solutions are carried out and graphical representations of the results are presented and discussed. Increasing in the time delay tau given decreasing and increasing in the regions of definition and stability respectively and the first mode has decreased magnitudes. The multivalued solutions disappear when decreasing the coefficients of cubic nonlinearities of the second mode alpha(3) and the detuning parameter sigma(2) respectively. Both modes shift to the left for increasing linear feedback gain v(1) and the coefficient of parametric excitation f(1) respectively.

Title: Structural, magnetic and electrical properties of ga-substituted nicuzn nanocrystalline ferrite
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Thabaiti, SA (Al-Thabaiti, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, E. H.)[ 1 ] ; Mokhtar, M (Mokhtar, M.)[ 1 ]
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In this work, we studied the substitution effect of iron by gallium on the structural, magnetic and electrical properties of the ferrite system; Ni(0.5)Cu(0.25)Zn(0.25)Fe(2-x)Ga(x)O(4) (x = 0-1.0), synthesized by using the urea combustion method. XRD patterns of the samples calcined at 700 C show only cubic spinel ferrite with an average crystallite sizes in the range of 40-54 nm. The lattice parameters were slightly changed with increasing Ga content which can be explained on the basis of the relative ionic radii of Ga(3+) and Fe(3+) ions. FT-IR measurements show two fundamental absorption bands, assigned to the vibration of tetrahedral and octahedral complexes, which were slightly changed with increasing Ga content. Mossbauer measurements enable us to predict the possible cation distribution of the system. It was found that Ga(3+) ion prefer to substitute Fe(3+) ions located in the octahedral site. Superparamagnetic state was observed in the Mossbauer spectra of the samples with Ga content >0.5. The decrease of the magnetic hyperfine field with gallium concentration was explained on the basis of supertransferred hyperfine interaction. A semiconducting behavior was inferred for all samples and the conductivity values were found to decrease with increasing the Ga content. The conduction mechanism in the spinel ferrite compounds was explained in terms of the hopping conduction process. The dielectric constant measured as a function of frequency and temperature was found to be dependent on the Ga concentration. The determined transition temperature was found to decrease with increasing Ga content. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.

Title: Single-mode control and chaos of cantilever beam under primary and principal parametric excitations
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, A. F.)
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A non-linear control law is proposed to suppress the vibrations of the first mode of a cantilever beam when subjected to primary and principal parametric excitations. The dynamics of the beam are modeled with a second-order non-linear ordinary-differential equation. The model accounts for viscous damping air drag, and inertia and geometric non-linearities. A control law based on quantic velocity feedback is proposed. The method of multiple scales method is used to derive two-first ordinary differential equations that govern the evolution of the amplitude and phase of the response. These equations are used to determine the steady state responses and their stability. Amplitude and phase modulation equations as well as external force-response and frequency-response curves are obtained. Numerical simulations confirm this scenario and detect chaos and unbounded motions in the instability regions of the periodic solutions. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd.

Title: Concentration distribution around a growing gas bubble in tissue
Authors: Mohammadein, SA (Mohammadein, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; Mohamed, KG (Mohamed, K. G.)[ 2 ]
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This paper presents the concentration distribution around a growing nitrogen gas bubble in the blood and other tissues of divers who surface too quickly, when the ambient pressure through the decompression process is variable and constant. This effort is a modification of Sirinivasan et al. model (1999) [9]. The mathematical model is solved analytically to find the growth rate of a gas bubble in a tissue after decompression in the ambient pressure. Moreover, the concentration distribution around the growing bubble is introduced. The growth process is affected by ascent rate (alpha)over dot(t), tissue diffusivity D(T), initial concentration difference Delta C(0), surface tension a and void fraction phi(0). (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis and structural characterization of tio(2) and v(2)o(5)/tio(2) nanoparticles assembled by the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar); Bayoumy, WA (Bayoumy, W. A.); Khairy, M (Khairy, M.); Mousa, MA (Mousa, M. A.)
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Nanostructured titanium dioxide and vanadium oxide supported over titanium dioxide was synthesized using a template synthesis route method under hydrothermal conditions (at 353 K for 5 days) via sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant. The influence of pH (2.0-9.0) and thermal treatment (623 and 773 K) on the structural, surface acidity and textural properties of TiO(2) and V(2)O(5)/TiO(2) materials was investigated using XRD, thermal analyses, SEM, FTIR, N(2) adsorption and pyridine-FTIR measurements. The synthesized TiO(2) and V(2)O(5)/TiO(2) showed high mesoporosities with different pore sizes ranging from 24.6 to 40.6 A and exhibited nano-sized crystals varying from 7.5 to 15.1 nm. All templated samples exhibited very high surface areas; commencing from 263 to 465 m(2)/g, as well as pore volume up to 0.73 cm(3)/g. The synthesized samples exhibited a pure anatase crystalline phase for TiO(2) in the pH range 4.8-9, in which substantial amounts of mesopores were developed where that prepared at pH = 2.0 showed the formation of only rutile phase with higher affinity to micropores. Surface acid strength was greater for highly dispersed V containing TiO(2) due to a strong interaction of the VO(x) species with support centers that act as electron attractor centers creating Lewis acid sites. It was found that pH has a paramount effect influencing both the nature of pores and the type of TiO(2) formed. The photocatalytic reduction of Hg(2+) in water by UV irradiation was chosen to evaluate the activities of the synthesized materials. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Title: Thermal-diffusion and mhd for soret and dufour's effects on hiemenz flow and mass transfer of fluid flow through porous medium onto a stretching surface
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, GM (Abdel-Rahman, Gamal M.)
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In this paper, the thermal-diffusion and magnetic field effects on a stagnation point flowing over a flat stretching surface have been obtained and studied numerically with the variation of the viscosity under the Soret and Dufour's effects. The governing continuity, momentum, energy and concentration equations are converted into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations by means of similarity transformation. The resulting system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations is solved numerically. Numerical results were presented for velocity, temperature and concentration profiles for different parameters of the problem as radiation parameter, magnetic field parameter, porous medium parameter, endothermic chemical reaction, heat source parameter, stretching parameter, the Soret and Dufour number and other. Also the effects of the pertinent parameters on the skin friction, the rate of heat and mass transfer are obtained and discussed numerically and illustrated graphically. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Stability and photodegradation of phthalocyanines and hematoporphyrin doped pmma as solar concentrators
Authors: Reda, SM (Reda, S. M.)
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Luminescent solar concentrator samples using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as the matrix with phthalocyanine, nickel-phthalocyanine and hernatoporphyrin IX dichloride laser dyes were prepared by a casting method. Optical absorption measurements were carried out at room temperature across the 200-900 nm wavelength region both before and after the samples were exposed to sunlight for two weeks. The degradation of PMMA-dye samples, measured by absorption, was found to obey a first-order kinetic equation. Values of the optical band gaps (E-g) have been obtained for the direct allowed transitions before and after the samples were exposed to sunlight. The tail width of localized states in the band gap (E-u) was calculated from Urbach's formula. Photodegraclation studies revealed that the phthalocyanine dye systems are the most stable. Emission spectra and quantum efficiency were also investigated, and phthalocyanine dyes were shown to have a lower Stokes shift and a higher fluorescence quantum yield (Q(f)) than the hernatoporphyrin IX dichloride. Collectively, these results suggest that PMMA doped with phthalocyanines provide the better system for use in fluorescent solar collector systems. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Title: Thermal characteristics and crystallization kinetics of tellurite glass with small amount of additive as2o3
Authors: Yousef, E (Yousef, E.)[ 1 ] ; El-Adawy, A (El-Adawy, A.)[ 2 ] ; Makled, MH (Makled, M. H.)[ 3 ] ; Al-Salami, AE (Al-Salami, A. E.)
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The crystallization kinetics of the TeO2/TiO2/As2O3 glassy system was studied under nonisothermal conditions. The method was applied to the experimental data obtained by differential thermal analysis (DTA), using continuous-heating techniques. In addition, two approaches were used to analyze the dependence of glass transition temperature (T-g) on the heating rate (beta): One is the empirical linear relationship between (T-g) and (beta); The other approach is the use of straight line from the plot of ln (T-g(2)/beta) vs. 1/T-g for evaluation of the activation energy for glass transition. The crystallization results are analyzed, and both the activation energy of crystallization process and the crystallization mechanism are characterized.

Title: Genesis of the abu marawat gold deposit, central eastern desert of egypt
Authors: Zoheir, BA (Zoheir, Basem A.)[ 1 ] ; Akawy, A (Akawy, Ahmed)[ 2 ]
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Gold mineralisation at the Abu Marawat mine, central Eastern Desert of Egypt, is related to a system of massive and sheared, milky quartz veins cutting a sequence of Neoproterozoic island arc metavolcanic/volcaniclastic rocks and related banded iron formation (BIF). Sulphide-bearing quartz veins and related hydrothermal breccia bodies display a range of textures including sheared, boudinaged and recrystallised quartz, open space filling and microbreccia. These variable textures imply a complex history of crack-seal mechanism characterising the relation between mineral deposition and a major N-S-trending shear zone, during a late brittle-ductile deformation event which affected the area at about 550 Ma. Gold-base metal mineralisation is associated with brecciation and fracturing of the iron ore bands, close to silicified shears and related quartz veins. The auriferous quartz lodes are characterised by the occurrence of visible pyrite-chalcopyrite +/- pyrrhotite +/- sphalerite +/- galena mineralisation. Gold is refractory in pyrite and chalcopyrite, but rare visible gold/electrum and telluride specks were observed in a few samples. Hydrothermal alteration includes pervasive silicification, pyritisation, sericitisation, carbonatisation confined to a delicate set of veins and altered shears, and a more widespread propylitic alteration assemblage (quartz + chlorite + pyrite + calcite +/- epidote). Fluid inclusion petrography and microthermometric studies suggest heterogeneous trapping of a low-salinity (1.4-6.7 wt.% eq. NaCl) aqueous solution and a carbonic fluid. Evidence for fluid immiscibility during ore formation includes variable liquid/vapour ratios in inclusions along individual trails and bulk inclusion homogenisation into liquid and occasionally to vapour at comparable temperatures. The trapping conditions of intragranular aqueous-carbonic inclusions approximate 264-378 degrees C at 700-1300 bar. Similar temperature estimates have been obtained from Al-in-chlorite geothermometry of chlorite associated with sulphides in the mineralised quartz veins. Fracturing enhanced fluid circulation through the wallrock and related BIF, allowing reaction of the S-bearing ore fluid with iron oxides. This caused pyrite formation and concomitant Au precipitation, enhanced by fluid immiscibility as H(2)S partitioned preferentially into the carbonic phase. The ore fluids may have originated from granitoid intrusions (likely the post-Hammamat felsites, whereas gold and base metals might have been leached from the Abu Marawat basic metavolcanics. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Generalized beta-conformal change of finsler metrics
Authors: Youssef, NL (Youssef, Nabil L.)[ 1 ] ; Abed, SH (Abed, S. H.)[ 1 ] ; Elgendi, SG (Elgendi, S. G.)[ 2 ]
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In this paper, we introduce and investigate a general transformation or change of Finsler metrics, which is referred to as a generalized beta-conformal change: L(x, y) -> (L) over bar (x, y) = f(e(sigma(x))L(x,y), beta(x,y)). This transformation combines both beta-change and conformal change in a general setting. The change, under this transformation, of the fundamental Finsler connections, together with their associated geometric objects, are obtained. Some invariants and various special Finsler spaces are investigated under this change. The most important changes of Finsler metrics existing in the literature are deduced from the generalized beta-conformal change as special cases.

Title: Thermochemical recycling of mixture of scrap tyres and waste lubricating oil into high caloric value products
Authors: Abdul-Raouf, ME (Abdul-Raouf, Manar E.)[ 1 ] ; Maysour, NE (Maysour, Nermine E.)[ 1 ] ; Abdul-Azim, AAA (Abdul-Azim, Abdul-Azim A.)[ 1 ] ; Amin, MS (Amin, Mahasen S.)[ 2 ]
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Scrap tyres and used lubricating oils represent together growing environmental problem because they are not biodegradable and their components cannot readily be recovered. In the present investigation, the thermochemical recycling of mixture of old tyres with waste lubricating oil by pyrolysis and the value of the products obtained have been studied. First, thermobalance experiments were carried out, studying the influence of the following variables: temperature, type of catalyst and catalyst concentration on the pyrolysis reaction of a mixture of 1/1 wt./wt. oil/tyre ratio. These thermobalance results were thoroughly investigated to study the effect of the main process variables on yields of derived products: oils, gases and solid residue. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Spectrophotometric quantification of fluoxetine hydrochloride: application to quality control and quality assurance processes
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, Ibrahim S.)[ 1 ] ; Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, Hassan A.)[ 1 ] ; Mohamed, HA (Mohamed, Hassan A.)[ 1 ]
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Simple and rapid spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the microdetermination of fluoxetine HCl. The proposed methods are based on the formation of ion-pair complexes between fluoxetine and bromophenol blue (BPB), bromothymol blue (BTB), bromocresol green (BCG), and bromocresol purple (BCP) which can be measured at optimum lambda(max). Optimization of reaction conditions was investigated. BeerE (TM) s law was obeyed in the concentration ranges of 0.5-8.0 mu g mL(-1), whereas optimum concentration as adopted from the Ringbom plots was 0.7-7.7 mu g mL(-1). The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, and detection limit were also calculated. The most optimal and sensitive method was developed using BCG. The correlation coefficient was 0.9988 (n = 6) with a relative standard deviation of 1.25, for six determinations of 4.0 mu g mL(-1). The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of fluoxetine hydrochloride in its dosage forms and in biological fluids (spiked plasma sample) using the standard addition technique.

Title: Loss of csmd1 expression is associated with high tumour grade and poor survival in invasive ductal breast carcinoma
Authors: Kamal, M (Kamal, Mohamed)[ 1,2 ] ; Shaaban, AM (Shaaban, Abeer M.)[ 3 ] ; Zhang, LQ (Zhang, Liqun)[ 4 ] ; Walker, C (Walker, Clare)[ 1,3 ] ; Gray, S (Gray, Sally)[ 3 ] ; Thakker, N (Thakker, Nalin)[ 4 ] ; Toomes, C (Toomes, Carmel)[ 1 ] ; Speirs, V (Speirs, Valerie)[ 1 ] ; Bell, SM (Bell, Sandra M.)[ 1 ]
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CUB and SUSHI multiple domain protein 1 (CSMD1) is a candidate tumour suppressor gene that maps to chromosome 8p23, a region deleted in many tumour types including 50% of breast cancers. CSMD1 has homologies to proteins implicated in carcinogenesis. We aimed to study the expression pattern of the CSMD1 protein and evaluate its prognostic importance in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). An anti-CSMD1 antibody was developed and validated. The expression pattern of CSMD1 in normal breast and IDC samples was investigated by immunohistochemistry in 275 patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed. In normal breast duct epithelial cells, luminal, membranous and cytoplasmic CSMD1 staining was identified. Reduced expression of CSMD1 was detected in 79/275 (28.7%) of IDC cases. Low CSMD1 expression was significantly associated with high tumour grade (P = 0.003). CSMD1 expression was associated with overall survival (OS; HR = 0.607, 95%CI: 0.4-0.91, P = 0.018) but not with disease-free survival (DFS; HR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.46-1.43, P = 0.48). Multivariate analysis showed that CSMD1, together with Nottingham Prognostic Index, was considered an independent predictor of OS (HR = 0.607, 95%CI: 0.4-0.91, P = 0.018) but not DFS (HR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.46-1.5, P = 0.573). Reduction of CSMD1 expression was significantly associated with high tumour grade and decreased OS. Therefore, our results support the idea that CSMD1 is a tumour suppressor gene and suggest its possible use as a new prognostic biomarker. The membrane expression pattern of CSMD1 suggests that it may be a receptor or co-receptor involved in the process of signal transduction.

Title: Determination of secnidazole in tablets and human serum by cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetry
Authors: El-Sayed, GO (El-Sayed, Gamal O.)[ 1 ] ; Yasin, SA (Yasin, Shalaby A.)[ 1 ] ; El Badawy, AA (El Badawy, Azza A.)[ 1 ]
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The electrochemical reduction of secnidazole was carried out in BR buffer solutions in the pH range 2.0-11.8 by dc polarography. The polarograms exhibited two irreversible reduction waves in acidic media and one wave in alkaline media, corresponding to the reduction of nitro group in the drug. The cathodic adsorptive voltammetric behavior was studied on glassy carbon electrode to optimize an analytical method for determination of secnidazole. The drug was determined in the range between 4.0 x 10(-6) and 1.2 x 10(-4) mol L-1. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of the drug content in tablets with mean recovery and relative standard deviation of 100.91% and 1.82%, respectively. It was also applied to human serum with a good precision and accuracy. (C) 2010 King Saud University. All rights reserved.

Title: Copper(ii)-neocuproine reagent for spectrophotometric determination of captopril in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations
Authors: Gouda, AA (Gouda, Ayman A.)[ 1 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 2 ]
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A simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric method for the determination of captopril in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations is developed. The procedure is based on the reaction of copper(II) with captopril in the presence of neocuproine (NC) (2,9-dimethy1-1,10-phenanthroline) reagent in acetate buffer at pH 5.0. Copper(II) is reduced easily by captopril to Cu(1) neocuproine complex, which shows an absorption maximum at 448 nm. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range 0.3-3.0 mu g mL(-1) with a minimum detection limit (LOD) of 0.039 mu g mL(-1) and a quantification limit (LOQ) of 0.129 mu g mL(-1). For more accurate results, Ring-bom optimum concentration ranges was 0.5-2.7 mu g mL(-1). The apparent molar absorbtivity and Sandell sensitivity were calculated. The validity of the proposed method was tested by analyzing the pure and pharmaceutical formulations and compared well with those obtained by the official method and demonstrated good accuracy and precision. (C) 2010 King Saud University. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis, properties and effect of ionizing radiation on sorption behavior of iron silico-antimonate
Authors: Ali, IM (Ali, I. M.)[ 1 ] ; Zakaria, ES (Zakaria, E. S.)[ 1 ] ; Shama, SA (Shama, S. A.)[ 2 ] ; El-Naggar, IM (El-Naggar, I. M.)[ 1 ]
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Incorporation of iron oxide into silico-antimonate of different Si/Sb molar ratios introduced a class of dual salts ion exchangers with advanced ion exchange properties. Physicochemical and equilibrium studies have been carried out to understand the ion exchange properties of these materials. Apparent investigation indicated that iron incorporation into silico-antimonate yields materials having excellent mechanical properties. On the basis of distribution studies, the materials were found to be highly selective for Sr(2+) or Ce(3+) depending on their Si/Sb molar ratios. Diffractogram, thermogram, IR spectra and sorption performance of crystalline FeSiSb (114) indicated that no detectable structural changes after an exposure up to 100 kGy of gamma-rays. Effect of reaction temperature on the exchange process was investigated and the respective thermodynamic parameters were calculated.

Title: Tautomerism in drug discovery
Authors: El-Gendy, BEM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.); Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.); Hall, CD (Hall, C. Dennis); Draghici, B (Draghici, Bogdan)
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Title: N-(a-aminoalkyl)tetrazoles: synthesis and nmr study of the tautomeric equilibria
Authors: El-Gendy, BEDM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.); Draghici, B (Draghici, Bogdan); Hall, CD (Hall, C. Dennis); Steel, PJ (Steel, Peter J.)
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Title: Efficient synthesis of protected aminoxyacyl sterols and terpenes
Authors: Draghici, B (Draghici, Bogdan); El-Gendy, BEDM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)
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Title: Column performance of uranyl ion exchange on tin(iv) antimonite hydrous oxide
Authors: Aly, HM (Aly, Hisham M.)
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Column chromatographic technique has been utilized to study the column performance of uranyl ion separation on tin(IV) antimonite hydrous oxide matrix. Different flow rates were applied, at 0.6 ionic strength and pH 3, to evaluate the effect of different flow rate on column breakthrough behaviour. Van Demeeter equation was used to emphasize the optimum column conditions. High equivalent to theoretical plate, breakthrough capacity (Q (0.5)) were also calculated.

Title: Thrombophilic gene mutation in women with repeated ivf failure.
Authors: Rezk, A (Rezk, A.)[ 1 ] ; Fathy, N (Fathy, N.)[ 1 ] ; Idris, A (Idris, A.)[ 1 ] ; Auda, M (Auda, M.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Inany, H (Al-Inany, H.)[ 1 ]
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Title: Novel cationic gemini surfactants as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel pipelines
Authors: Hegazy, MA (Hegazy, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 2 ] ; Ahmed, H (Ahmed, H.)[ 2 ]
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In the present investigation novel cationic gemini surfactants namely: bis(p-(N,N,N-octyldimethylammonium bromide)benzylidene)benzene-1,4-diamine (I), bis(p-(N,N,N-decyldimethylammonium bromide)benzylidene)benzene-1,4-diamine (II), and bis(p-(N,N,N-dodecyldimethylammonium bromide)benzylidene)benzene-1,4-diamine (III) were synthesized, characterized, and tested as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution. The corrosion inhibition efficiency was measured by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization, and weight loss methods. The obtained results showed that, the synthesized inhibitors are excellent inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution. The inhibition efficiency decreased in the temperature range 30-40 degrees C and then increased in the temperature range 40-60 degrees C. The prepared inhibitors act as mixed inhibitors. Thermodynamic and activation parameters were discussed. Adsorption of the synthesized inhibitors was found to follow the Langmuir's adsorption isotherm. Mixed physical and chemical adsorption mechanism is proposed. The morphology of carbon steel samples was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Characterization of nanocrystalline sno2 thin film fabricated by electrodeposition method for dye-sensitized solar cell application
Authors: El-Etre, AY (El-Etre, A. Y.)[ 1 ] ; Reda, SM (Reda, S. M.)[ 1 ]
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Nanocrystalline SnO2 thin film was prepared by cathodic electrodeposition-anodic oxidation and its structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM, UV-visible absorption and nitrogen adsorption-desorption by BET method. The obtained film has a surface area of 137.9m(2)/g with grain sized of 24 nm. Thus the prepared SnO2 thin film can be applied as an electrode in dye-sensitized solar cell. The SnO2 electrode was successfully sensitized by Erythrosin dye and photoelectrochemical measurements indicate that the cell present short-circuit photocurrent (J(sc)) of 760 mu A/cm(2), fill factor (FF = 0.4), photo-voltage (V-oc = 0.21 V) and overall conversion efficiency (eta) of 0.06% under direct sun light illumination. The relatively low fill factor and photovoltage are attributed to the reduction of triodiode by conduction band electrons and intrinsic properties of SnO2. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Loss of csmd1 expression disrupts cell morphology and mammary duct formation while enhancing proliferation, migration and invasion
Authors: Kamal, M (Kamal, Mohamed)[ 1,2 ] ; Holliday, D (Holliday, Deborah)[ 1 ] ; Speirs, V (Speirs, Valerie)[ 1 ] ; Toomes, C (Toomes, Carmel)[ 1 ] ; Bell, SM (Bell, Sandra M.)[ 1 ]
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Title: Effect of composition on structural and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline ni0.8-xzn0.2mgxfe2o4 ferrite
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Bayoumy, WA (Bayoumy, W. A.)[ 1 ]
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Nanocrystalline magnetic particles of Ni0.8-xZn0.2MgxFe2O4 ferrites with x lying between 0.0 and 0.8 were synthesized using metal nitrates and freshly extracted egg-white. The synthesized powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). With increasing magnesium concentration, the lattice constant increases while X-ray density decreases. The average crystallite size determined from XRD data using Scherrer formula lie in the range of 35-59 nm. TEM image shows spherically agglomerated particles with average crystallite size agreed well with that obtained from XRD. Magnetic properties measured at room temperature by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) reveal a decrease in saturation magnetization up to Mg content of 0.6. In agreement with FT-IR results, the unexpected increase in the magnetization at Mg content of 0.8 can be attributed to the tendency of Mg2+ ions to occupy the tetrahedral site. The decrease in the value of coercivity with increasing magnesium content can be explained based on the magneto-crystalline anisotropy. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis characterization and magnetic properties of cr-substituted nicuzn nanocrystalline ferrite
Authors: Bayoumy, WA (Bayoumy, W. A.)[ 2 ] ; Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1,2 ]
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Egg-white method was used to produce nanocrystalline Cr-substituted NiCuZn ferrites; Ni(0.50)Cu(0.25)Zn(0.25)Fe(2-x)Cr(x)O(4) (0.0

Title: Structural and magnetic properties of nano-sized cu-cr ferrites prepared through a simple method using egg white
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ]
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CuFe(2-x)Cr(x)O(4) (0

Title: Preparation and physical properties of (pva)(0) (75)(nh(4)br)(0) (25)(h(2)so(4))(xm) solid acid membrane
Authors: Sheha, E (Sheha, E.)
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In this work solid acid membrane consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) ammonium bromide (NH(4)Br) and sulfuric acid (SA) has been prepared by a solution casting technique method X-ray diffraction of the (PVA)075 (NH(4)Br)(025)(H(2)SO(4))(xM) Polymer matrix and pure (PVA)(0) (75)(NH(4)Br)(0) (25) revealed the difference in crystallinity between them The effect of different amounts of SA on the conductivity of the polymer electrolytes was studied The ionic conductivity of the prepared electrolytes can reach 3 1 x 10(-2) S cm(-1) at room temperature The conductivity measurements carried out at different temperatures indicate that all the films follow Arrhenius behavior and that the activation energy decreases with the increase in SA concentration The a c conductivity seems to follow the universal power law (C) 2010 Elsevier BV All rights reserved

Title: Approximate solutions to the nonlinear vibrations of multiwalled carbon nanotubes using adomian decomposition method
Authors: Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 1 ] ; Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 2 ]
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This paper applies the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) to the search for the approximate solutions to the problem of the nonlinear vibrations of multiwalled carbon nanotubes embedded in an elastic medium. A multiple-beam model is utilized in which the governing equations of each layer are coupled with those of its adjacent ones via the van der Waals inter layer forces. The amplitude-frequency curves for large-amplitude vibrations of single-walled, double-walled and triple-walled carbon nanotubes are obtained. The influence of changes in material constants of the surrounding elastic medium and the effect of changes in nanotube geometrical parameters on the vibration characteristics are studied by comparing the results with those from the open literature. This method needs less work in comparison with the traditional methods and decreases considerable volume of calculation, and it's powerful mathematical tool for solving wide class of nonlinear differential equations. Special attention is given to prove the convergence of the method. Some examples are given to illustrate the determination approximate solutions of the proposed problem. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Overview and comparison of localic and fixed-basis topological products
Authors: Bayoumi, F (Bayoumi, Fatma)[ 2 ] ; Rodabaugh, SE (Rodabaugh, Stephen E.)[ 1 ]
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This paper studies localic products, traditional topological products, and L-topological products, and gives a complete outline of the localic product. Comparisons of localic and L-topological products are generally absent in the literature, and this paper answers longstanding open questions in that area as well as provides a complete proof of the classical comparison theorem for localic and traditional topological products. This paper contributes several L-valued comparison theorems, one of which states: the localic and L-topological products of L-topologies are order isomorphic if and only if the localic product is L-spatial, providing L is itself spatial and the family of L-topological spaces is "prime separated". These last two conditions always hold in the traditional setting, capturing the traditional comparison theorem as a special case, and the prime separation condition is satisfied by important lattice-valued examples that include the fuzzy real line and the fuzzy unit interval for L any complete Boolean algebra and the alternative fuzzy real line and fuzzy unit interval for L any (semi)frame. Separation conditions help control the "sloppy" behavior of the L-topological product when vertical bar L vertical bar > 2, and several separation conditions are studied in this context; and it should be noted that localic products have a point-free version of the "product" separation condition considered in this paper. The traditional comparison theorem is carefully proved both to fill gaps in the extant literature and to motivate the L-valued comparison theorem quoted above and reveal the special role played by cross sums of prime (L-)open subsets. En route, characterizations are given of prime L-open subsets of certain L-products, which in turn yield characterizations of prime open and irreducible closed subsets of traditional product spaces. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis, solvatochromaticity and bioactivities of some transition metal complexes with 2-(r-benzylideneamino)-pyridin-3-ol schiff base derivatives
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, I. S.)[ 1 ] ; Kassem, MA (Kassem, M. A.)[ 1 ]
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New four Schiff bases are prepared by condensation of 2-amino-pyridin-3-ol with 3, 4-dihydroxy-benzaldehyde (I), 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (II), 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (III), and 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (IV). The structures of these compounds are characterized based on elemental analyses (C, H, N), IR and (1)H NMR. Also, the electronic absorption spectra are recorded in organic solvents of different polarity. The solvents are selected to be covered a wide range of parameters (refractive index, dielectric constant and hydrogen bonding capacity). The UV-vis absorption spectra of Schiff base compounds are investigated in aqueous buffer solutions of varying pH and utilized for the determination of ionization constant, pK(a) and activation free energy. Delta G* of the ionization process. The biological activity against bacterial species and fungi as microorganisms representing different microbial categories such as (two Gram-negative bacteria, Eschericha coli and Agrobacterium sp.),three Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtlus and Bacillus megatherium), yeast (Candida albicans), and fungi (Aspergillus niger) were studied. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Title: Epithermal gold mineralization at wadi abu khushayba, southwestern jordan
Authors: Al-Hwaiti, M (Al-Hwaiti, M.)[ 4 ] ; Zoheir, B (Zoheir, B.)[ 1 ] ; Lehmann, B (Lehmann, B.)[ 2 ] ; Rabba, I (Rabba, I.)[ 3 ]
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The Wadi Abu Khushayba area in southwestern Jordan hosts an auriferous, quartz-veined shear zone with features of an epithermal low-sulfidation gold system. The quartz-lode and quartz-carbonate mineralization is characterized by open-space textures, typically with sharp-walled veins and multi-stage brecciation of the late Neoproterozoic (similar to 560 Ma) rhyolitic and granophyric host rocks. Silicic alteration by cryptocrystalline quartz is abundant; potassic alteration is expressed by muscovite and K-feldspar blastesis, commonly with dispersed hematite laths. Sulfide content is low. Relict pyrite and chalcopyrite occur in comb and cockade quartz. Gold occurs disseminated in the volcanic and subvolcanic wall rocks and as late vein infill. The coexistence of vapor-rich and liquid-rich fluid inclusions in quartz, quartz textures, and the presence of adularia and calcite in the vein mineralogy suggest boiling concomitant with gold deposition in a structural setting favoring high fluid flow. Fluid inclusions in quartz define a temperature range of 350-380 degrees C and low salinity (similar to 1.5-7 wt.% NaC1 equiv.) for the ore system. Pressure is estimated at 200-250 bars, indicating a maximum paleo-depth of 2500 m (hydrostatic). It appears likely that the Wadi Abu Khushayba system represents the near-surface epithermal expression of a larger unexposed mesothermal system. Such mesothermal systems are typical elsewhere in the Arabian-Nubian Shield, but are not exposed in southwestern Jordan where the present-day erosional level is close to the unconformity of the transgressive Early Cambrian platform sedimentation. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Investigations of (pva)(0.7)(nabr)(0.3)(h2so4)(xm) solid acid polymer electrolyte using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy
Authors: Aly, EH (Aly, E. Hassan)[ 1 ] ; Hassan, MA (Hassan, M. A.)[ 2 ] ; Sheha, E (Sheha, E.)[ 3 ]
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The free-volumes of solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) were characterized using positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy, FTIR, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. The SPE based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and sodium bromide (NaBr) complexed with sulfuric acid (SA) H2SO4 at different weight percent ratios were prepared using solution cast technique. The PAL results indicate that a higher SA content (more than 0.87 mol/L) in (PVA)(0.7)(NaBr)(0.3) matrix increase the free-volume hole size from 58 angstrom(3) to 87 angstrom(3). The increase in the SPE free-volume with higher SA content was associated with a decrease in the SPE crystallinity. It is postulated that the incorporated SA interrupt polymeric chain packing and retard crystallization during electrolyte films formation. The FTIR spectral studies indicate that the SA content higher than 0.87 mol/L induces chemical modifications within the PVA, which results in chain scission. The PAL study shows that the chain scissions within the polymer matrix affect the free volume hole density (I-3) and hence the microstructure. I3 was found to be decreased from similar or equal to 11 to similar or equal to 6 %, resulting in lower fractional free-volume holes in the SPE films. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 2038-2044, 2010

Title: Nmr study of the tautomeric behavior of n-(alpha-aminoalkyl)tetrazoles
Authors: Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1 ] ; El-Gendy, BEDM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Draghici, B (Draghici, Bogdan)[ 1 ] ; Hall, CD (Hall, C. Dennis); Steel, PJ (Steel, Peter J.)[ 3 ]
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N-(alpha-Aminoalkyl)tetrazoles exist in solution as equilibrium mixtures of N1 and N2 tautomers. The position of equilibrium depends significantly on the polarity of the solvent and the substituents in the tetrazole ring. Interconversion between individual tautomers is shown to proceed via tight ion-pair intermediates in which intramolecular recombination is faster than the intermolecular crossover since the latter probably requires solvent separation of ion-pair intermediates.

Title: Low-temperature synthesis of nanocrystalline nicuzn ferrite and the effect of cr substitution on its electrical properties
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ]
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In this study, nano-sized ferrites of compositions (Ni(0.6)Cu(0.20)Zn(0.20)Fe(2-x)Cr(x)O(4)), where x = 0-1.0, were synthesized through nitrate-citrate auto-combustion method at relatively low temperature. XRD revealed the formation of nano-sized ferrite particles with cubic spinel structure. An exception was obtained for samples with Cr content

Title: The role of artificial polarization in f-a2 : ca2+ lasers and no interactions at rbcl (001) surface: an ab initio study
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.); Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel); Kamel, MA (Kamel, M. A.); Taha, HO (Taha, H. O.); Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)
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The role of artificial polarization in two different applications of the title color center, namely laser light generation and adsorbate-substrate interactions, are investigated by using quantum mechanical Cl-singles and DFT ab initio methods. Clusters of variable sizes were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surface, and ions that were the nearest neighbors to the defect site were allowed to relax to equilibrium. The sensitivity of the calculated transition energies (Stokes shifts) of F-A2:Ca2+ laser as well as related optical properties such as optical-optical conversion efficiency, relaxed excited states of the defect-containing surface, orientational destruction of the point defect, recording sensitivity, and the Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule, to the artificial polarization were examined. The dependance of NO and ON adsorption energies at RbCl (0 0 1) surface on artificial polarization were also examined, and the results were explained in terms of electrostatic potential curves. The coadsorption of NO molecules, and the charge transfer reactions between the NO molecules and the paramagnetic chlorine vacancy on RbCl surface were considered. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: A note on variable viscosity and chemical reaction effects on mixed convection heat and mass transfer along a semi-infinite vertical plate
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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n the present study, an analysis is carried out to study the variable viscosity and chemical reaction effects on the flow, heat, and mass transfer characteristics in a viscous fluid over a semi-infinite vertical porous plate. The governing boundary layer equations are written into a dimensionless form by similarity transformations. The transformed coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by using the shooting method. The effects of different parameters on the dimensionless velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are shown graphically. In addition, tabulated results for the local skin-friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number, and the local Sherwood number are presented and discussed.

Title: Classical benzotriazole-mediated alpha-aminoalkylations of alkynes: synthesis and characterization of alk-2-yn-1-amines as amphiphilic materials
Authors: Idzik, KR (Idzik, Krzysztof R.); Cabaj, J (Cabaj, Joanna); Soloducho, J (Soloducho, Jadwiga); Abdel-Fattah, AAA (Abdel-Fattah, Ashraf A. A.)
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Reactions of readily available and stable benzotriazolemethanamines 1a-1, obtained from aldehydes and secondary amines (Scheme 2). gave the expected alk-2-yn-1-amines 3a-t (Scheme 3). The amphiphilic character of the synthesized products was responsible for physicochemical measurements. Specific aggregation properties of the obtained compounds make them useful as electroactive materials in the Langmuir-Blodgett technique.

Title: Synthesis and evaluation of alpha-hydroxy fatty acid-derived heterocyclic compounds with potential industrial interest
Authors: Eissa, AMF (Eissa, A. M. F.); El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R.)
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The reaction of 2-hydroxyheptadecanoyl chloride (2) and anthranilic acid gave 2-(1-hydroxyheptadecyl)-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one (3) which was used as starting material to synthesize some condensed and non-condensed heterocyclic compounds by a reaction with nitrogen nucleophiles (e.g., hydrazine hydrate, and formamide). The subsequent reaction of the synthetic products with different amounts of propylene oxide gave a novel group of nonionic compounds having a double function as antibacterial and surface active agents which may serve in the manufacturing of drugs, cosmetics, pesticides or as antibacterial and/or antifungal products. The surface active properties such as surface and interfacial tensions, cloud point, foaming height, wetting time, and emulsification power were determined. Antimicrobial and biodegradability were also screened.

Title: Some quinazoline derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for copper in hno3 solution
Authors: Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 2 ] ; El-Dahab, RA (El-Dahab, R. A.)[ 2 ]
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The inhibition effect of some quinazoline derivatives on the corrosion of copper in 2 M HNO3 has been investigated by weight loss and polarization studies. The inhibition efficiency increased with increase in inhibitor concentration but decreased with the increase in temperature. The thermodynamic functions of dissolution and adsorption processes were calculated. The polarization measurements indicated that the inhibitors are of mixed-type. The kinetic parameters of corrosion of copper in HNO3 solution have been determined. The adsorption of the compounds was found to obey Frumkin's adsorption isotherm. It is observed that the combination between these quinazoline derivatives and halide ions shows good inhibition efficiency. The results obtained from weight loss and galvanostatic polarization are in good agreement.

Title: Efficient synthesis of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines and related fused systems
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, Aly A.)[ 1 ] ; Behalo, MS (Behalo, Mohamed S.)[ 1 ]
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The synthetic potency of readily accessible, ethyl 2-amino-4-methyl-5-(4-nitrophenoxy)thiophene-3-carboxylate (1) as a versatile precursor for the synthesis of novel polyfunctionally substituted thienopyrimidines is reported. The latter derivatives undergo further heterocyclisation to the related polycyclic fused systems via reactions with different reagents.

Title: Combined effect of viscous dissipation and joule heating on mhd flow and heat transfer of a micropolar fluid over a stretching surface with variable surface heat flux
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, M. A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Waheed, SE (Waheed, S. E.)[ 1 ]
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The combined effect of viscous dissipation and Joule heating on the flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting micropolar fluid over a stretching surface with variable wall heat flux in the presence of heat generation/absorption is investigated. The local similarity solutions of the transformed equations describing the problem are solved numerically. The effects of various physical parameters on the flow, micro-rotation and temperature profiles are presented graphically. The numerical results of the local skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are given in a tabular form then discussed.

Title: Novel quaternary ammonium hydroxide cationic surfactants as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel and as biocides for sulfate reducing bacteria (srb)
Authors: Badawi, AM (Badawi, A. M.)[ 1 ] ; Hegazy, MA (Hegazy, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sawy, AA (El-Sawy, A. A.)[ 2 ] ; Ahmed, HM (Ahmed, H. M.)[ 1 ] ; Kamel, WM (Kamel, W. M.)[ 1 ]
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A series of alkyl dimethylisopropylammonium hydroxide cationic surfactants (DEDIAOH, DODIAOH and HEDIAOH) was synthesized and characterized. The surface properties such as the critical micelle concentration (CMC), the effectiveness of surface tension reduction (Pi(CMC)), surface excess concentration (Gamma(max)) and surface area per molecule (A(min)) have been determined by means of surface tension measurements. The degree of counter ion dissociation (beta) and the free energy of micellization (Delta G(mic)) were calculated. The corrosion inhibition of the synthesized cationic surfactants on carbon steel surface in 1 M HCl solution was investigated. For this purpose, a series of techniques such as gravimetric measurement, potentiodynamic polarization and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used. The values of activation energy for carbon steel corrosion and the thermodynamic parameters such as adsorption equilibrium constant (K(ads)), free energy of adsorption (Delta G(ads)(o)), adsorption heat (Delta H(ads)(o)) and adsorption entropy (Delta S(ads)(o)) values were evaluated. Results showed that HEDIAOH had better inhibition effect than DEDIAOH and DODIAOH of the corrosion of carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution and inhibition efficiency is higher than 96% after 24 h at 1 x 10(-2) M concentration of the inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency is discussed in terms of strong adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on the metal surface and formation of a protective film. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed a good surface coverage on the metal surface. The Biological activity was examined against sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) by dilution method. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Voltammetric determination of melatonin in tablet dosage forms and human serum
Authors: El-Sayed, GO (El-Sayed, Gamal O.)[ 1 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ]
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The electrochemical oxidation of melatonin is studied in Britton-Robinson buffer in the pH range 2.2-11.8 by cyclic voltammetry at glassy carbon electrode. Three irreversible, diffusion-controlled oxidation peaks were obtained. The utility of using differential pulse and square wave techniques for determination of melatonin was examined. Different parameters affecting the peak current were analylzed and at optimum conditions, linear calibration plots from 0.02-03 mM and 0.04 to 05 mM of melatonin were obtained applying the two techniques, respectively. The differential pulse mode was successfully applied to the determination of melatonin in commercial tablets containing about three-folds of vitamin B6 without previous separation. The same technique was also used for melatonin determination in human serum with acceptable accuracy.

Title: Utility of solid phase extraction for spectrophotometric determination of gold in water, jewel and ore samples
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)
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A highly sensitive, selective and rapid method for the determination mu g L(-1) level of Au(III) based on the rapid reaction of Au(III) with 2,3-dichloro-6-(3-carboxy-2-hydroxY-1-naPhthYlazo)quinoxaline (DCHNAQ) and the solid phase extraction of the colored complex with a reversed phase polymer-based C18 cartridge have been developed. The DCHNAQreacted with Au(III) to form a violet complex of a molar ratio 3:1 [DCHNAQ to Au(III)] in the presence of 5.0 M of phosphoric acid solution and Triton X-100 medium. This complex was enriched by the solid phase extraction with a polymer-based C18 cartridge. The enrichment factor of 100 was achieved. The molar absorptivity of the complex is 2.73 x 10(5) l mol(-1) cm(-1) at 633 nm in the measured solution. The system obeys Beer's law in the range of 0.02-1.30 mu g ml(-1), whereas the optimum concentration ranges obtained from Ringbom plot was 0.08-1.24 mu g ml(-1). The relative standard deviation for ten replicates sample of 0.6 mu g ml(-1) level is 1.28%. The detection and quantification limits, are 6.1 and 19.5 ng ml(-1) in the original sample. This method was applied to the determination of gold in water, jewel and ore samples with good results comparing to the GFAAS method. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Ni2+ cation and imidazole as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in sulfuric acid solutions
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1 ] ; Megahed, HE (Megahed, H. E.)[ 1 ] ; Sobhi, M (Sobhi, M.)[ 1 ]
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The effect of Ni2+ cation, imidazole, and mixtures of them on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution was studied by using galvanostatic polarization, potentiodynamic anodic polarization, and weight-loss techniques. Ni2+ cation, imidazole, and mixtures of them provide a good protection to carbon steel against pitting corrosion in chloride-containing solutions. The inhibiting solutions were analyzed by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The inhibition was explained on the basis of formation of a complex between the two components. The inhibition mechanism was discussed in terms of the results derived from corrosion and UV-Vis spectrophotometric measurements as well as conductometric investigations.

Title: Flow and heat transfer of a slightly rarefied gas over a stretching surface
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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Title: Chemical reaction and variable viscosity effects on flow and mass transfer of a non-newtonian visco-elastic fluid past a stretching surface embedded in a porous medium
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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This work deals with the study of the boundary layer flow and mass transfer of a visco-elastic fluid immersed in a porous medium over a stretching surface in the presence of surface slip, chemical reaction and variable viscosity. The partial differential equations governing the flow have been transformed by similarity transformation into a system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations which is solved numerically by means of the fourth order Runge-Kutta integration scheme coupled with the shooting technique. The effects of various involved interesting parameters on the velocity fields and concentration fields are shown graphically and investigated. In addition, tabulated results for the local skin-friction coefficient and the local Sherwood number are presented and discussed.

Title: Nonlinear analysis and solitary waves for interfacial waves propagating between two ideal fluids
Authors: Abourabia, AM (Abourabia, A. M.)[ 1 ] ; Mahmoud, MA (Mahmoud, M. A.)[ 2 ] ; Khedr, GM (Khedr, G. M.)[ 2 ]
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We present the nonlinear analysis and solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation for waves propagating at the interface between two ideal fluids. The method of multiple scale expansion is employed in order to obtain a dispersion relation for the first-order problem and an NLS equation for the higher-order problem. The dispersion relation of the model NLS equation is studied. The solutions of the NLS equation are derived analytically by using the complex tanh-function method. We observe that the elevation of the interface is in the form of traveling solitary waves, which increase in amplitude as the density ratio increases and decrease in amplitude as the wave number increases. Also, we find that the wave number has a stabilizing effect, while the density ratio has a destabilizing effect. We observe that the slip velocities also bring in nonlinear solitary and periodic characters. Finally, we find that the conservation of power is in the form of traveling waves. Also, as the wave number increases and the density ratio decreases, the conservation of power more accurately fluctuates around zero.

Title: Use of some natural oils as crude pipeline corrosion inhibitors in sodium hydroxide solutions
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1 ] ; Radwan, MA (Radwan, M. A.); Shohayeb, SM (Shohayeb, Shahera M.); Abdelhamed, S (Abdelhamed, S.)
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Galvanostatic and potentiodynamic anode polarization methods were used to study the inhibiting effect of parsley, lettuce, and radish oils on corrosion of carbon steel L-52, used in Egypt in manufacturing pipelines, in 0.5 M NaOH solution. This effect increases with an increase in the concentration of these oils, which is due to adsorption of the basic components of the oils on the surface of the steel. The adsorption process is described by a Langmuir isotherm. It was found that incorporation of chloride ions in the 0.5 M solution of NaOH accelerates pitting corrosion of the steel as a result of moving the pitting potential toward more negative values. The investigated oils added to the solutions containing chloride ions protect steel from pitting corrosion.

Title: Application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for palladium determination
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Hassan, WS (Hassan, Wafaa S.)[ 2 ] ; Ragab, GH (Ragab, Gamal H.)[ 2 ]
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A highly sensitive spectrophotometric method for palladium determination using piroxicam and tenoxicam as new chromogenic reagents has been developed. In the presence of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), palladium reacts with piroxicam (PX) or tenoxicam (TX) to form stable yellow orange complexes in an acetate buffer solution of pH 5.0 at 424 nm and 426 nm with molar absorptivity of 7.16 x 10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1) and 1.20 x 10(5) L mol(-1) cm(-1), respectively. Sandell sensitivity, detection, and quantitation limits were also calculated. Optimum conditions were evaluated considering pH, reagent concentration, time, temperature, and surfactant concentration. The complex system conforms to Beer's law over the range of 0.07-1.28 mu g mL(-1) palladium. The stoichiometric ratio and stability constant were also evaluated. Tolerance limits of many cations and anions were determined. Finally, the proposed method was applied successfully in the determination of palladium in jewellery, anode mud, synthetic mixtures, catalysts, and alloy samples. (C) 2010 Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences

Title: Combined effect of viscous dissipation and joule heating on mhd flow and heat transfer of a micropolar fluid over a stretching surface with variable surface heat flux (vol 125, pg 1279, 2010)
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, M. A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Waheed, SE (Waheed, S. E.)[ 1 ]
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Title: Synthesis of zno and fe2o3 nanoparticles by sol-gel method and their application in dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Reda, SM (Reda, S. M.)[ 1 ]
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ZnO and Fe2O3 nanoparticles have been formed in a silica matrix, through the sol-gel method and were used as a photoanode to fabricate dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The obtained oxides were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. The results indicate that ZnO and Fe2O3 prepared by this method may be used as photoanodes in photo-electro-chemical energy conversion systems. DSSCs have been built using eosin Y as photosensitizer and their photocurrent, open-circuit voltage, fill factor and efficiency have been measured under direct sunlight illumination (1000 Wcm(-2)). A ZnO-film solar cell had the best performance with an open-circuit voltage of V-oc=0.7 V and short-circuit current density of I-sc=490 mu A/cm(2). This was attributed to high optical gap energy and transparency of ZnO compared to Fe2O3. The effects of annealing temperature and concentration of Fe2O3 on conversion efficiency of the Fe2O3 based solar cell were also studied. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Influence of deposition temperature and heat treatment on the performance of electroless ni-b films
Authors: Hamid, ZA (Hamid, Z. Abdel)[ 1 ] ; Hassan, HB (Hassan, H. B.)[ 2 ] ; Attyia, AM (Attyia, A. M.)[ 3 ]
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Electroless nickel-boron (Ni-B) was synthesized on mild steel or copper surface. The deposition of thin electroless Ni-B films using an acidic bath having nickel chloride as a source of nickel and dimethylamine borane (DMAB) as a reducing agent and operated at low temperature has been investigated in this paper. The effect of the plating time and temperature on the quality of Ni-B coatings was estimated. The results revealed that the plating rate decreases with increasing plating time and increases with increasing plating temperatures. The boron (B) content of the electroless Ni-B layer increased with increasing temperature. The resulting surfaces were examined and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD analysis was performed to investigate structural modifications. Microhardness, corrosion and oxidation resistance of electroless as-plated and heat-treated Ni-B coatings, were evaluated. The effect of heat treatment temperature on the phase structure and microhardness of Ni-B coated at different temperatures was discussed. XRD patterns reveal that electroless Ni-B coatings deposited at 60 and 80 degrees C are amorphous in as-plated condition and undergo phase transformation to crystalline nickel and nickel borides upon heat-treatment. Heat treatment achieved significant improvement in the microhardness and corrosion resistance due to the formation of the Ni-B compound phases (Ni(3)B). (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Cloud-point extraction and spectrophotometric determination of trace quantities of bismuth in environmental water and biological samples
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ]
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A cloud-point extraction (CPE) process using the nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 to extract bismuth from aqueous solutions was investigated. The method is based on the complexation reaction of Bi(III) with 4-(2-benzothiazolylazo)2,2'-biphenyldiol (BTABD) and micelle-mediated extraction of the complex. The optimal extraction and reaction conditions (e. g., pH, reagent concentration, surfactant concentration, and effect of time) were studied. The analytical characteristics of the method (e. g., linear range, molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, optimum Ringbom concentration ranges, limits of detection and quantification, preconcentration factor, and improvement factors) were obtained. Linearity was obeyed in the range of 2.50-85.0 ng mL(-1) of Bi(III) ion. The detection limit of the method was 0.75 ng mL(-1) of Bi(III) ion. The interference effect of some anions and cations was also tested. The method was applied to the determination of bismuth in environmental water, human hair, and urine samples.

Title: Electric and dielectric properties of some luminescent solar collectors based on phthalocyanines and hematoporphyrin doped pmma
Authors: Reda, SM (Reda, S. M.)
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The electrical properties: DC-electrical conductivity (sigma(DC)), AC-electrical conductivity (sigma(AC)), dielectric permittivity (epsilon') and dielectric loss (epsilon '') for pure polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and mixed with phthalocyanine, Ni-phthalocyanine and hematoporphyrin IX chloride laser dyes have been investigated. The conductivity values for all polymer-dye samples are higher than that of the pure PMMA. For all investigated samples, at the constant temperature, the frequency dependence of (sigma(AC)) was found to obey the relation (sigma(AC)) = A omega(s). The results are discussed according to the correlated barrier hopping CBH mechanism from which the Coulomb well barrier of charge carriers (W-M) was calculated. For the dye-doped samples, the hematoporphyrin IX chloride mixed sample showed the larger value of (W-M) compared with the others. At all frequencies, epsilon' values for doped samples are higher than that of pure one. This is due to a free volume enhancement offered by the large size of the dye molecule. Also, the addition of dyes to PMMA causes an increase in the intensity of the loss peak (epsilon '') accompanied by a shift in its position. The effect of chemical structure of investigated dyes on the electrical properties is discussed. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Title: Fluid evolution and conditions of ore deposition of a shear zone-hosted gold mineralization, barramiya mine, se egypt
Authors: Zoheir, BA (Zoheir, Basem Ahmed)
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The Barramiya mine area is a tract of deformed Neoproterozoic ophiolitic melange sequences comprising metamorphosed volcano-sedimentary-serpentinite rocks in the central Eastern Desert of Egypt. The gold mineralization comprises a number of narrow anastomosing lodes of massive and brecciated gold+sulphide-quartz and quartz-carbonate veins. These veins are hosted by, or directly associated with highly deformed carbonaceous serpentinite and volcaniclastic schists along east-trending shear zones, commonly exhibiting pinch-and-swell and boudinage structures. Hydrothermal alteration is pervasive throughout the shear zones, with a common assemblage of chlorite, ankerite, sericite, +/-calcite, +/-magnetite, +/-graphite. Gold/electrum inclusions are common in pyrite coexisting with arsenopyrite and pyrrhotite, mostly where chlorite and carbonate are abundant, whereas free-milling gold appears as tiny grains along micro-fractures in the vein quartz or disseminated in the adjacent wallrocks. Inclusions of C-O-H fluids, mainly mono-phase carbonic (CO(2)+/-CH(4)+/-H(2)O) and two/three-phase aqueous-carbonic (H(2)O-NaCl-CO(2)+/-CH(4)) inclusions along intragranular trails and aqueous (H(2)O-NaCl+/-CO(2)) inclusions along transgranular trails are common in the auriferous quartz veins. The aqueous-carbonic inclusions were most likely entrapped during gold deposition and represent the ore fluid. Estimated pressure-temperature conditions for ore deposition based on arsenopyrite thermometry and using the isochores for aqueous-carbonic inclusions range from 1.2 to 2.5 kbar at 309-377 degrees C, consistent with brittle-ductile transition. Gold deposition from a dilute aqueous-carbonic ore fluid with significant concentrations of CH(4) added via interaction with the carbonaceous wallrocks may have been triggered by a sharp decrease in fO(2), caused by the CH(4) enrichment of the fluid and precipitation of carbonate.

Title: On steady hydromagnetic boundary-layer flow of a non-newtonian power-law fluid over a continuously moving surface with suction
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.); Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)
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Analytical studies for the problem of flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting non-Newtonian power-law fluid with low electrical conductivity on a continuously moving infinite porous plate in the presence of viscous dissipation and a uniform transverse magnetic field have been presented. It is found that steady solutions for dimensionless velocity exist only for a fluid in which its power-law index n satisfies 0. 5 < n < 1 with suction at the plate. The problem is also solved numerically by using the shooting method The results show a good agreement between the analytical and the numerical results. The influences of the magnetic parameter, suction parameter, the power-law index, and the Prandtl number on the velocity and temperature profiles are studied Also the effects of the various parameters on the skin-friction coefficient and the rate of heat transfer at the surface are discussed and displayed in tables.

Title: Benzotriazole-mediated amidoalkylations of nitroalkanes, nitriles, alkynes and esters
Authors: Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Fattah, AAA (Abdel-Fattah, Ashraf A. A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Celik, I (Celik, Ilhami)[ 1,3 ]
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Reactions of readily available and stable N-(alpha-amidoalkyl)benzotriazoles 1 ( derived from a variety of aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic aldehydes) with diverse nitroalkanes, nitriles, alkynes and esters afforded N-(beta-nitroalkyl) amides 4 (54-96%), N-(beta-cyanoalkyl) amides 6 (58-88%), N- acylpropargylamines 11 (41-87%) and esters of beta-N-acylamino acids 13 (68-96%), respectively.

Title: High sensitive and selective spectrophotometric determination of aluminium after collection on a membrane filter using 2,3-dichloro-6-(3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)quinoxaline and zephiramine
Authors: Azhari, SJ (Azhari, Shaker J.); Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)
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A high sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method for the determination of aluminium(III) using 2,3-dichloro-6-(3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo) quinoxaline (DCHNAQ) and zephiramine (zeph) is described. The formed ion pair precipitate between zephiramine and perchlorate ions is effective for the enrichment of aluminium(III) on a membrane filter as its ternary complex with DCHNAQ and zephiramine. The solid-state absorbance of the complex on the membrane filter is measured at 655 nm against a blank thin layer and the difference is calculated. The colour system obeys Beer's law from 5.0-150 ng ml(-1) of aluminium. The detection and quantification limits were calculated. The relative standard deviation for 60 ng of aluminium(III) in 20-ml sample volume amounts 0.84% (n = 10). A ligand buffer solution, composed of transcyclohexane-1,2-diaminetetraacetic acid with an excess of zinc(II), is effective for masking interferences from foreign ions, particularly iron(III). The proposed method was applied successfully to tap and environmental water, biological (human blood, urine, and gallstone), and soil samples

Title: Protective role of dimethyl diphenyl bicarboxylate (ddb) against erythromycin induced hepatotoxicity in male rats
Authors: Abdel-Hameid, NAH (Abdel-Hameid, Nassr-Allah H.)
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In this study, dimethyl-4,4 '-dimethoxy-5,6,5 ',6 '-dimethylene dioxybiphenyl-2,2 '-dicarboxylate (DDB) was examined to justify its role in the hepatoprotection against erythromycin toxicity in male rats. Oral daily administration of toxic dose of erythromycin stearate (EE, 100 mg/kg body weight) was given to male rats for fourteen days to induce hepatotoxicity. It was found at the end of the experiment (14 days) that the total body weight was markedly decreased in rat treated with erythromycin stearate (EE). Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were recorded in rats treated with erythromycin stearate (EE). The red blood cells (RBCs) count, haemoglobin content (Hb) and haematocrit value (Hct) were significantly reduced in rats treated with EE. The hepatotoxicities were monitored by increased level of plasma enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase; AST and alanine aminotransferase; ALT), total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, cholesterol, total lipids and glucose. The data obtained showed that oral administration of DDB (100 mg/kg body weight) has significantly prevented the occurrence of EE-induced liver damage. The biochemical data were supplemented by histopathological examination of the liver of control and treated rats. 131313 showed a better hepatoprotective effect compared with ursodesoxycholic acid or Silymarin (Sil), as a reference drug. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of cesium sulfate based materials
Authors: El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, M. G.); Khoder, H (Khoder, H.); Sheha, E (Sheha, E.)
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The electrical conduction and dielectric properties of cesium sulfate, based materials of Cs2CO3:H2SO4:H3PO4 system with mole ratio 2:1:1, respectively, have been investigated in the temperature range 273-473 K and frequency range 50 Hz to 1 MHz. The data predict a phase transition for cesium sulfate at 300K. Both dielectric permittivity epsilon' and dielectric loss epsilon '' illustrated peak around 300 K, due to the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition. The total conductivity is found to obey the power relation sigma(tot) = sigma(dc) +A omega(s) the power 0.4 < s > 1.0 suggests the quantum mechanic tunneling model. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Ionic conductivity of metallic cations encapsulated in zeolite y and mordenite
Authors: Ben Saad, K (Ben Saad, K.); Hamzaoui, H (Hamzaoui, H.); Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, M. M.)
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Ionic conductivity curves of powder zeolite Y and mordenite encapsulating initially cobalt, nickel or copper cations, was determined by the shift of the cut-off frequency of the imaginary part of their complex impedances for temperatures lower than 650 degrees C. We have shown that zeolite Y containing nickel cations has 1 eV as activation energy in the range of temperature [530-600 degrees C], and with the addition of a small quantity of lithium its conductivity curve has undergone a shift towards lower energies. In addition, in the range [445-600 degrees C], cobalt cations in zeolite Y have a conductivity coefficient in the vicinity of [0.89-2.77] x 10(-6) Omega(-1) m(-1) and activation energy 0.88 eV. With the lithium addition these values was changed, respectively, to [0.13-1.44] x 10(-6) Q(-1) m(-1) and 1 eV in the range [405-600 degrees C]. The same observations were obtained for copper cations in mordenite. The conductivity of this sample was changed from [1.12-4.25] x 10(-6) Omega(-1) m(-1) in the narrow range [550-650 degrees C] to [0.06-4.04] x 10(-6) Omega(-1) m(-1) in the wider one [370-650 degrees C] after lithium addition. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic medium by some sulfa drugs compounds
Authors: El-Naggar, MM (El-Naggar, M. M.)
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The inhibiting effect of four sulfa drugs compounds (e.g. sulfaguanidine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole and sulfadiazine) on mild steel corrosion in 1.0 M HCl solutions were evaluated using both galvanostatic polarization and weight loss techniques. All the examined sulfa drug compounds reduce the corrosion of mild steel. Among the compounds studied, sulfadiazine exhibited the best inhibition efficiency and sulfaguanidine the lowest. The inhibition efficiency goes through a maximum for sulfaguanidine while it increases continuously with concentration to a limit with sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole and sulfamethazine respectively. Galvanostatic polarization measurements indicate that all the examined compounds are of mixed inhibitor type with predominant cathodic effectiveness. Moreover, the results revealed a better performance for these compounds as corrosion inhibitors in HCl than in H2SO4 solutions. Also, the corrosion inhibition mechanism is discussed. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of pipazethate hydrochloride in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations
Authors: El-Shiekh, R (El-Shiekh, Ragaa); Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.); Zahran, F (Zahran, Faten); Gouda, AA (Gouda, Ayman A.)
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Three simple, sensitive, and reproducible spectrophotometric methods (A-C) for the determination of pipazethate hydrochloride (PiCl) in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations are described. The first and second methods, A and B, are based on the oxidation of the drug by Fe3+ in the presence of o-phenanthroline (o-phen) or bipyridyl (bipy). The formation of tris-complex upon reactions with Fe3+-o-phen and/or Fe3+-bipy mixture in an acetate buffer solution of the optimum pH values was demonstrated at 510 and 522 nm, respectively, with o-phen and bipy. The third method, C, is based on the reduction of Fe(III) by PiCl in acid medium and subsequent interaction of Fe(II) with ferricyanide to form Prussian blue, which exhibits an absorption maximum at 750 nm. The concentration ranges are from 0.5 to 8, 2 to 16, and 3 to 15 mu g/mL for Methods A-C, respectively. For more accurate analysis, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were calculated. The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, and detection and quantitation limits were calculated. The developed methods were successfully applied to the determination of PiCl in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations without any interference from common excipients. The relative standard deviations were

Title: Effects of the density-dependence symmetry potential on spallation neutrons induced by 1.2 gev and 1.6 gev protons on pb
Authors: Abdel-Waged, K (Abdel-Waged, Khaled)
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We have investigated the influence of different forms of the density dependence of the symmetry potential on spallation neutrons for p + Pb reactions at 1.2 GeV and 1.6 GeV by means of the improved ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model. We find that the cascade component of the neutron spectra, with kinetic energies from 22 to 50 MeV and at forward angles from 0 = 50 degrees to 60 degrees is quite sensitive to the symmetry potential. The evaporation component is shown to be most sensitive to the stiffness of the symmetry potential at densities 1

Title: Spectrophotometric microdetermination of phenylephrine hydrochloride in pure and in pharmaceutical formulations using haematoxylin
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, Ibrahim S.); Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)
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A simple, rapid, selective and sensitive method for the micro amount determination of phenylephrine hydrochloride either in pure form (raw material) or in pharmaceutical formulations is described. The method is based on the development of violet colour charge transfer complex with haematoxylin in alkaline medium with 10 min after heating at 65 degrees C. The wavelength and maximum absorption range was found in the range from 640 to 620 nm. Molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity were found to be 2.38 x 10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1) and 8.6 ng cm(-2) respectively. A linear correlation was found between absorbance (at the lambda(max)) and concentration. The resulting colour is stable for more than 10 h. Results of the analyses of pure drug and dosage forms by the proposed method are in good agreement with those of the official BP 1998 procedure. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Dbu-catalyzed transprotection of n-fmoc-cysteine di- and tripeptides into s-fm-cysteine di- and tripeptides
Authors: Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1 ] ; Abo-Dya, NE (Abo-Dya, Nader E.)[ 1,2 ] ; Abdelmajeid, A (Abdelmajeid, Abdelmotaal)[ 1,3 ] ; Tala, SR (Tala, Srinivasa R.)[ 1 ] ; Amine, MS (Amine, M. S.)[ 3 ] ; El-Feky, SA (El-Feky, Said A.)[ 2 ]
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The transprotection of N-Fmoc-cysteine containing di- and tripeptides possessing a free SH group to produce the corresponding S-Fm-cysteine di-and tripeptides bearing a free amino group is accomplished efficiently with DBU in dry THF. The N-Fmoc to S-Fm transformation mechanism is discussed. S-Fm-Cysteine di- and tripeptides readily form amide bonds on coupling with N-(Pg-alpha-aminoacyl)-benzotriazoles and N-(Pg-alpha-dipeptidoyl)benzotriazoles to give larger peptides.

Title: Approximate method for studying the waves propagating along the interface between air-water
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Bar, RF (Al-Bar, R. F.)[ 2 ]
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This paper is devoted to consider the approximate solutions of the nonlinear water wave problem for a fluid layer of finite depth in the presence of gravity. The method of multiple-scale expansion is employed to obtain the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equations for solitons, which describes the behavior of the system for free surface between air and water in a nonlinear approach. The solutions of the water wave problem split up into two wave packets, one moving to the right and one to the left, where each of these wave packets evolves independently as the solutions of KdV equations. The solution of KdV equations is obtained analytically by using a reliable modification of Laplace decomposition method (LDM), namely, the modified Laplace decomposition method (MLDM) is presented. This procedure is a powerful tool for solving large amount of nonlinear problems. The proposed method provides the solution as a series which may converge to the exact solution of the problem. Also, the convergence analysis of the proposed method is given. Finally, we observe that the elevation of the water waves is in form of traveling solitary waves. The horizontal and vertical of the velocity components have nonlinear characters.

Title: Electrochemical properties of closo-2,3-dicarbaundecaborane in dichloromethane at a glassy carbon electrode using potentiostatic, galvanostatic and digital simulation methods
Authors: Al-Bishri, HM (Al-Bishri, H. M.)[ 2 ] ; El-Hallag, IS (El-Hallag, I. S.)[ 1 ] ; El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, E. H.)[ 2,3 ]
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Electrochemical properties of closo-2,3-dicarbaundecaborane cluster have been investigated potentiostatically using cyclic voltammetry, convolutive voltammetry and galvanostatically via chronopotentiometry techniques combined with digital simulation method at a glassy carbon electrode in 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) in solvent dichloromethane. The electroreduction of the carborane cluster exhibited two reduction peaks. The first peak was attributed to a two - electron reduction of carborane to form the dianion. Both the charge transfer processes were followed by fast chemical processes. The second peak represents the further reduction of the dianion by gain one electron to form the trianion followed by a fast chemical reaction. The chemical processes which follow the two - steps of the charge transfer may be due to fast isomerization or structural rearrangement The chemical and electrochemical parameters of the investigated carborane were determined experimentally and verified theoretically via digital simulation method.

Title: Nonlinear response of a system with cubic and quartic nonlinearities to modulated high-frequency input
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, A. F.)
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We study the nonlinear response of a system with cubic and quartic nonlinearities to an amplitude-modulated excitation whose carrier frequency is much higher than the natural frequency of the system. The method of multiple scales is used to derive a second-order equation governing the components of the response of the system near its natural frequency. In this equation, the amplitude of the excitation, which is a function of time, appears as parametric excitation. The result of the perturbation analysis was used to study the response of the system to constant amplitude and harmonically modulated excitations. For harmonically modulated excitations, various resonances occur and these were shown to correspond to external combination resonances. Two coupled first-order ordinary differential equations describe the evolution of the amplitude and phase. The evolution equations are used to determine the steady-state motion and representative frequency-response curves are presented for each resonance. The stability of the steady-state solution is investigated. The response amplitude has a multivalued curve and symmetric single value curve for the variation of the amplitude with the detuning parameter sigma and the coefficient of external excitation f respectively. The response amplitude is not affected and has the same magnitude for decreasing values of the damping factor mu. The response amplitude loses stability for increasing values of the coefficient of cubic term alpha.

Title: Thermal radiation effects on mhd flow of a micropolar fluid over a stretching surface with variable thermal conductivity
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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In this paper, the effects of variable thermal conductivity and radiation on the flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting micropolar fluid over a continuously stretching surface with varying temperature in the presence of a magnetic field are considered. The surface temperature is assumed to vary as a power-law temperature. The governing conservation equations of mass, momentum, angular momentum and energy are converted into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations by means of similarity transformation. The resulting system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations is solved numerically. The numerical results show that the thermal boundary thickness increases as the thermal conductivity parameter S increases, while it decreases as the radiation parameter F increases. Also, it was found that the Nusselt number increases as F increases and decreases as S increases. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V.

Title: Unsteady hydromagnetic flow and heat transfer on a continuously moving vertical surface with thermal radiation
Authors: Mahmoud, MA (Mahmoud, M. A.)
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An analytical solution for an unsteady hydromagnetic convection flow over a continuously vertical surface with time-varying suction is discussed. The system is stressed by uniform magnetic field with thermal radiation. A flow of this type represents a new class of boundary-layer flows at a surface of finite length. The solutions of the velocity and temperature distributions are obtained. These solutions are discussed numerically, the effects of the various parameters such that the radiation parameter, the magnetic-field parameter, the Groshof and the Prandtl numbers are studied and shown graphically. The effects of the above parameters on the skin friction are computed and tabulated.

Title: Variable viscosity effect on free convection of a non-newtonian power-law fluid over a vertical cone in a porous medium with variable heat flux
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, M. A. A.)
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The effect of variable viscosity on the free-convection boundary layer over a permeable vertical cone in a porous medium saturated with non-Newtonian power-law fluid has been studied numerically. The governing equations describing the problem are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using a similarity transformation, which is solved numerically using the Chebyshev spectral method. The effects of the power-law index, blowing/suction parameter and the viscosity parameter on the temperature profiles and the local Nusselt number are discussed.

Title: On positive definite solution of a nonlinear matrix equation
Authors: Peng, ZY (Peng, Zhen-yun); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, Salah M.)
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In this paper, some necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the positive definite solutions for the matrix equation X + A*X(-x)A = Q with x is an element of (0, infinity) are given. Iterative methods to obtain the positive definite solutions are established and the rates of convergence of the considered methods are obtained. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Title: Dna riboprinting analysis of tilapia species and their hybrids using restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the small subunit ribosomal dna
Authors: El-Serafy, SS (El-Serafy, Sabry S.); Abdel-Hameid, NAH (Abdel-Hameid, Nassr-Allah H.); Awwad, MH (Awwad, Mohammed H.); Azab, MS (Azab, Mona S.)
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Morphometric, meristic and DNA riboprinting analyses of Tilapia species and their hybrids inhabiting the River Nile were examined. Morphometric data showed striking similarities and overlapping among Tilapia species, making it impossible to differentiate these species. Meristic characteristics revealed that Tilapia species could be identified into four major groups (Oreochromis niloticus, O. aureus, Sarotherodon galilaeus and Tilapia zillii). The lateral line scales differed significantly between the four Tilapia species, while the number of fin rays in the dorsal and anal fins differed significantly, differentiating three species (but not between O. niloticus and O. aureus). Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of nuclear small sub-unit ribosomal RNA (18S srRNA) gene were used to differentiate the species. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms data provided a unique pattern for each species with a specific restriction enzyme. Two hybrids of Tilapia designated H-1 and H-2 were detected. The endonucleases SacII and ApaI differentiated H-1 and H-2. This research revealed a monophylogenetic relationship among all the studied Tilapia species.

Title: Iterative methods for the extremal positive definite solution of the matrix equation x+a*x-(alpha)a=q star
Authors: Peng, ZY (Peng, Zhen-yun); El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, Salah M.); Zhang, XL (Zhang, Xiang-lin)
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In this paper, the inversion free variant of the basic fixed point iteration methods for obtaining the maximal positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation X + A*X(-proportional to)A = Q with the case 0 < alpha = 1 are proposed. Some necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for the existence of positive definite solutions for the matrix equation are derived. Numerical examples to illustrate the behavior of the considered algorithms are also given. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V

Title: Evaporation of a thin film coated on a substrate induced by a pulsed laser
Authors: Abd El-Ghany, SES (Abd El-Ghany, S. E. -S.); Hassan, AF (Hassan, A. F.)
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The two-dimensional Laplace integral transform technique has been applied to get the spatial and temporal temperature distributions in both the molten layer thickness of a thin film coated on a substrate, the still solid part of the thin film of the target and the temperature distribution in the substrate. Also a formula for the time dependence of the evaporated part of the thin film of the target as well as the molten layer thickness of the thin film were obtained. Calculations of the obtained relations were carried out during the irradiation with a pulsed laser. The derivation has taken into account the temperature-dependent absorption coefficient of the irradiated surface and the chemical reaction in the vapor of the thin film. As an illustrative example, computations were carried out on an aluminum thin film coated on a glass substrate. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd.

Title: Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some annelated quinazoline derivatives
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, A. A.)
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A highly efficient and versatile synthetic approach to the synthesis of annelated quinazoline derivatives viz 1,2,4-triazino[4,3-c]quinazoline 5-7, 11, thiazolidinylquinazoline 9, quinazolino[4,3-b]quinazolin-8-one 12 and imidazoquinazolines 14a,b,15 is presented. Also, a variety of pyrazolylquinazolines 19-21 and pyrimidinylquinazolines 22a,b were obtained via a sequence of heterocyclization reactions of 4-methyl-N-[4-(4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-yl)phenyl]benzene-sulfonamide (2) with different reagents. The new compounds were synthesized with the objective of studying their antimicrobial activity.

Title: Calculations of the optical properties for f-ai : ag+ centers and cn interactions at the regular and defect sites of the lii(001) surface: first principle calculations
Authors: Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)
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The optical properties of the F-A1:Ag+ color centers and CN interactions at the flat, edge and corner surfaces of LiI (001) were investigated by using quantum mechanical configuration interaction singles (CIS) and density functional theory (DFT) ab initio methods. Clusters of variable sizes were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces, and the nearest-neighbor ions to the defect site were allowed to relax to equilibrium in order to calculate the optical properties. The sensitivity of the calculated transition energies (Stokes shifts) of F-A1:Ag+ centers as well as related optical properties such as optical-optical conversion efficiency, relaxed excited states of the defect-containing surface, orientational destruction of the point defect, recording sensitivity, and the Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule, to the coordination number of the surface ion and artificial polarization were examined. The dependance of the adsorption energies of CN at LiI (001) surface, the coadsorption of CN, and the charge transfer reactions between CN and the paramagnetic iodine vacancy on the coordination number and artificial polarization effects were also clarified. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V

Title: Novel fluorescent aminoxy acids and aminoxy hybrid peptides
Authors: Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1 ] ; Abdelmajeid, A (Abdelmajeid, Abdelmotaal)[ 1,2 ] ; Tala, SR (Tala, Srinivasa R.)[ 1 ] ; Amine, MS (Amine, M. S.)[ 2 ] ; Steel, PJ (Steel, Peter J.)[ 3 ]
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alpha-Aminoxy acid conjugates and hybrid alpha-aminoxy dipeptide conjugates showing blue to green fluorescence (with quantum yields 0.23-0.71) were synthesized (75-92% yield) from N-acylbenzotriazoles. 7-Methoxycoumarin derivatives were obtained (quantum yields phi 0.35-0.71) that could be suitable for peptide assays. The wavelengths of the absorption maxima (lambda(Abs)) and the fluorescence emission maxima (lambda(Em)) and the quantum yields (phi) of some coumarin-3-ylcarbonyl aminoxy acid conjugates were comparable to those of the analogous amino acid derivatives.

Title: Nonlinear analysis for a ship with a general roll-damping model
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, A. F.)
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The qualitative behaviour of the response of a ship rolling in longitudinal waves whose amplitude or frequency ( parameters) are slowly varied is presented. An analytical and numerical technique is used to predict the qualitative change taking place in the stable solutions of a ship model as one of the parameters is slowly changed. The analysis took into consideration linear, cubic and quantic terms in the polynomial expansion of the relative roll angle. The damping moment consists of the linear term associated with radiation and viscous damping and a cubic term due to frictional resistance and eddies behind bilge keels and hard bilge corners. Two methods ( the averaging and the multiple time scales) are used to investigate a first-order approximate analytical solution. The modulation equations of the amplitudes and phases are obtained. These equations are used to determine steady state solutions. Numerical calculations are presented which illustrate the behaviour of the steady state response amplitude as a function of the detuning parameter. The stability of the proposed solution is determined applying Liapunov's first method. The effects of different parameters on the system behaviour are investigated numerically. The results obtained by the two methods are in excellent agreement.

Title: Azole derivatives as inhibitors for the corrosion of irradiated and non-irradiated carbon steel in hno3 solution
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1 ] ; Atwa, ST (Atwa, S. T.)[ 1 ] ; Abd-Allah, NM (Abd-Allah, N. M.)[ 2 ] ; Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 2 ]
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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of several azole derivatives on the corrosion inhibition of irradiated and non-irradiated plain carbon steel in 0.5 M nitric acid (HNO3) solutions at 30-60 degrees C and to study the mechanism of their inhibitive action. Design/methodology/approach - The inhibition efficiency was evaluated by means of weight-loss determinations and polarization techniques at different temperatures. The type of adsorption isotherm, inhibition efficiency, surface coverage and kinetic data were determined. Findings - The results showed that azole derivatives inhibit the corrosion of irradiated and non-irradiated carbon steel in acidic solution. The inhibition efficiency increased with the inhibitor concentration and was greater in the case of irradiated carbon steel than for the non-irradiated one. Kinetic parameters were calculated. The adsorption of inhibitors obeyed the Temkin Isotherm model. Thermodynamic parameters of activation were calculated in the presence of inhibitors. Research limitations/implications - Electrochemical studies such as electrochemical impedance spectra will throw more light on the mechanism of inhibition. Practical implications - Azole derivatives can be used as inhibitors in acid medium and addition of halides can improve their inhibition efficiency. Originality/value - The investigation revealed the possible application of azole derivatives as environmentally friendly inhibitors for corrosion prevention under specific conditions.

Title: Synthesis of tc-99m-oxybutynin for m-3-receptor-mediated imaging of urinary bladder
Authors: Moustapha, ME (Moustapha, M. E.)[ 1,2 ] ; Motaleb, MA (Motaleb, M. A.)[ 2 ] ; Ibrahim, IT (Ibrahim, I. T.)[ 2 ]
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Radiolabeling of oxybutynin, a muscarinic acetylcholine (mACh) receptor antagonist agent with Tc-99m is of considerable interest for imaging of urinary bladder. This study is aimed to optimize radiolabeling yield of oxybutynin with Tc-99m using SnCl2 center dot 2H(2)O as a reducing agent with respect to factors that affect the reaction conditions such as oxybutynin amount, stannous chloride amount, reaction time and pH of the reaction mixture. In vitro stability of the radiolabeled complex was checked and it was found to be stable for up to 8 h. Tc-99m-oxybutynin was injected via subcutaneous and intravenous administration routes into normal Sprague-Dawley rats. Biodistribution studies have revealed that Tc-99m-oxybutynin exhibits high affinity and specificity for the muscarinic M-3 subtype located on the smooth muscle of urinary bladder relative to the M-1 and M-2 subtypes of the G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. In vivo uptake of subcutaneous Tc-99m-oxybutynin in urinary bladder was 19.6 +/- 0.42% ID at 0.5 h, whereas in intravenous administration route the accumulation in the urinary bladder was found to be 9.4 +/- 0.31% ID at 0.5 h post injection. Administration of cold oxybutynin effectively blocked urinary bladder uptake and further confirms the high specificity of this complex for the M-3 receptor.

Title: Hydromagnetic stagnation point flow towards a porous stretching sheet with variable surface heat flux in the presence of heat generation
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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The influence of heat generation or absorption on the steady, two-dimensional flow of an electrically conducting fluid near a stagnation point on a stretching permeable surface with variable surface heat flux in the presence of a magnetic field is investigated. The governing system of partial differential equations describing the problem are converted into highly non-linear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation. Numerical solutions of these equations are obtained using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta integration scheme with the shooting method. The effects of the heat generation or absorption parameter and the velocity ratio parameter on the velocity and the temperature are displayed graphically and discussed. The numerical values of the local skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number for various values of physical parameters are presented through tables and discussed.

Title: Efficient microwave-assisted synthesis of aminoxy acid conjugates
Authors: Draghici, B (Draghici, Bogdan)[ 1 ] ; Hansen, FK (Hansen, Finn K.)[ 1 ] ; Buciumas, AM (Buciumas, Ana-Maria)[ 1 ] ; El-Gendy, BEDM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Todadze, E (Todadze, Ekaterina)[ 1 ] ; Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1,3 ]
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A representative set of Cbz-protected (alpha-aminoxyacyl) benzotriazoles was utilized as versatile building blocks for the efficient and convenient synthesis of novel alpha-aminoxy acid conjugates. Convenient protocols were developed for their regioselective preparation with sterically hindered nucleophiles such as sugars, terpenes, steroids and nucleosides.

Title: Crown graphs and subdivision of ladders are odd graceful
Authors: Badr, EM (Badr, E. M.)[ 1 ] ; Moussa, MI (Moussa, M. I.)[ 2 ] ; Kathiresan, K (Kathiresan, K.)[ 3
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A graph G of size q is odd graceful, if there is an injection phi from V(G) to {0, 1, 2, ... ,2q - 1} such that, when each edge xy is assigned the label or weight vertical bar f(x) - f(y)vertical bar, the resulting edge labels are {1, 3, 5, ... ,2q - 1}. This definition was introduced in 1991 by Gnanajothi [3], who proved that the graphs obtained by joining a single pendant edge to each vertex of C(n) are odd graceful, if n is even. In this paper, we generalize Gnanajothi's result on cycles by showing that the graphs obtained by joining m pendant edges to each vertex of C(n) are odd graceful if n is even. We also prove that the subdivision of ladders S(L(n)) (the graphs obtained by subdividing every edge of L(n) exactly once) is odd graceful.

Title: Bioactivities and biochemical effects of marjoram essential oil used against potato tuber moth phthorimaea operculella zeller (lepidoptera: gelechiidae)
Authors: Abd El-Aziz, MF (Abd El-Aziz, Mona F.)
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The bioactivities of marjoram essential oil against immature stages and adults of potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella Zeller were evaluated. The essential oil showed significant contact and fumigation insecticidal activities against different stages. The oil revealed strong contact toxicity and moderate fumigant activity against immature stages. Both adult males and females showed high susceptibility to the fumigation. Oviposition deterrent effects were found to be insignificant. Furthermore, the results showed that treatment of immature stages with the essential oil produced adult deformations. The essential oil tested had some biochemical effects on the last larval instar treated by the contact method, based on LC50 during metamorphosis to the adult. The results showed increases in the total protein and triacylglycerol content of most post-treatment days. Insignificant increases were found in the activities of acetylcholinesterase and chitinase. These results suggested that marjoram essential oil could be used as a potential control agent for potato tuber moth in storage facilities. [ Mona F. Abd El-Aziz. Bioactivities and Biochemical Effects of Marjoram Essential Oil used against Potato Tuber Moth Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Life Science Journal. 2011; 8(1): 288297] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.

Title: Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies on the adrenal medullary tumors in egyptian patients
Authors: Samia, MS (Samia, M. Sanad)[ 1 ] ; Mahmoud, AE (Mahmoud, A. El-Baz)[ 2 ] ; Omar, IG (Omar, I. Ghonemy)[ 3 ] ; Hassan, FAE (Hassan, F. Abo El-Nazar)[ 4 ]
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The present study provides guide lines for the diagnosis of adrenal medullary tumors in Egyptian patients. This retrospective study included, 73 cases of adrenal medullary tumors (39 pheochromocytoma, 13 neuroblastoma, 12 ganglioneuroblastoma and 9 ganglioneuroma) admitted to Mansoura Urology and Nephrology Center, Egypt.. All tumors were studied histologically and immunohistochemically. In pheochromocytomas, 33 patients became normal after 24 hours, the other 6 died from distant metastases. 6 patients with neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroblastoma were still living after adrenalectomy, while the other 19 patients received chemotherapy and were non-living after 24 months. Nine patients with ganglioneuroma were still living after adrenalectomy. All prepared slides were stained with periodic-acid Schiff' reaction (PAS) and reticulin stains. Hyaline globules which were (PAS) positive were pheochromocytomas, while, they were not detected in neuroblastoma groups. All tumors were positive for reticulin stain. All cases of adrenal medulalry tumors were examined immunohistochemically using antibodies against chromogranin A, S-100 protein and neuron-specific enolase. Chromogranin A was expressed in all cases (39/39) pheochromocytoma, 5/13 neuroblastoma, 7/12 ganglioneuroblastoma and 7/9 ganglioneuroma. S-100 protein was expressed in 32/39 pheochromocytoma, 9/13 neuroblastomas, and all cases of ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma. Neuron-specific enolase was expressed in all cases of pheochromocytoma, neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma. The neuroendocrine tumors were stained with high specificity and sensetivity for the neuroendocrine markers; chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase. Histomorphological features of benign and malignant pheochromocytomas may be similar. Neuroendocrine markers (chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase) are useful in diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Frequency of S-100 protein positive sustentacular cells is high in benign pheochromocytomas and low in malignant pheochromocytoma (our results suggest that, S-100 immunostaining is a useful marker to predict malignant behavior in pheochromocytoma. Intensity of neuron-specific enolase may be similar in both benign and malignant pheochromocytoma). No significant correlation was observed between expression of chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase in pheochromocytoma and survival. The features of histopathological changes are the most important basis to make diagnosis for neuroblastomas group. Immunohistochemical staining can verify it further and play an important role in its differential diagnosis. [Samia, M. Sanad, Mahmoud, A. El-Baz, Omar, I. Ghonemy and Hassan, F. Abo El-Nazar Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Studies on the Adrenal Medullary Tumors in Egyptian Patients. Life Science Journal 2011; 8(4):1043-1057]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 131

Title: Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies on the adrenal cortical tumors of egyptian patients
Authors: Samia, MS (Samia, M. Sanad)[ 1 ] ; Mahmoud, AE (Mahmoud, A. El-Baz)[ 2 ] ; Omar, IG (Omar, I. Ghonemy)[ 3 ] ; Hassan, FAE (Hassan, F. Abo El-Nazar)[ 4 ]
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The presnet study provides guidelines for the diagnosis of adrenal cortical tumors in Egyptian patients. This retrospective study included 40 patients of adrenal cortical tumors (28 adenoma and 12 carcinoma). They were admitted to Mansoura Urology and Nephrology Center between 1985-2002. All patients were surgically treated by adrenalectomy. Patients with adenoma were followed for a period ranging from 24-67 months. Clinical and laboratory improvement of adenoma was observed. Nine patients of carcinoma died of distant metastasis after 8 months and the other 3 patients were still alive 24 months after surgery. Hyaline globules which are PAS positive were detected in adrenal cortical adenoma and carcinoma and both types were positive for reticulin stain. Immunohistochemically; cytokeratin was expressed in 22/28 cases of adenoma and all cases 12/12 of carcinoma. Vimentin was expressed in 20/23 cases of adenoma and 8/12 cases of carcinoma. The present study concluded that: (1)- Reticulin staining is useful for the diagnostic differentiation of adrenal cortical carcinoma from adrenal cortical adenoma. (2)- The expression of cytokeratin and vimentin is helpful in diagnosis, but the histopathological examination of paraffin sections remains the basic method. (3)- No significant correlation between immunohistochemical pattern of adrenocortical tumors and survival was observed. [Samia, M. Sanad, Mahmoud, A. El-Baz, Omar, I. Ghonemy and Hassan, F. Abo El-Nazar. Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Studies on the Adrenal Cortical Tumors of Egyptian Patients. Life Science Journal 2011; 8(4):970-978]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 124

Title: Fabrication and characterization of bimetallic pt-au nanowires supported on fsm-16 and their catalytic activities toward water-gas shift reaction
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)[ 1 ] ; Khairou, KS (Khairou, K. S.)[ 1 ]
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A facile, previously unexplored, method to synthesize bimetallic Pt-Au nanowires (20 nm diameter x 120-170 nm long) on mesoporous FSM-16 (2.7 nm) was fabricated by co-impregnation of H(2)PtCl(6) with HAuCl(4) followed by evacuation at 300 K and finally exposure to the CO/H(2)O gas mixture (60:5 Torr) at 323 K for 1.0 h. On the other hand, spherical monometallic nanoparticles of pure Pt (7.0 nm diameter) and Au (7-26 nm diameter) were synthesized as well, by impregnation, at the same reaction conditions. The catalysts were characterized by in situ FTIR spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, TEM. TPR and TPCOR. The catalytic activities toward the water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) were also examined under atmospheric pressure and at the margin of 323-373 K. The optical absorption spectra showed a remarkable shift and broadening of Pt-Au surface Plasmon resonance band at 515 nm apart from those of individual analogue emphasizing bimetallic formation. Results from in situ FTIR spectroscopy indicated that incorporation of Au assisted and stabilized the formation of carbonyl clusters of Pt-Au-CO (2084 cm(-1)) and Pt-CO (1888 cm(-1)) inside the host FSM-16. The Pt-Au carbonyl clusters built up at the moment of vanishing the linear carbonyl band of the charged Au (Au(+)-CO, 2186 cm(-1)) along with a concomitant increase in the reduced gold (Au(0)-CO, 2124 cm(-1)) species. TPR profiles showed that the H(2) consumed was higher for Pt/FSM-16 than for Pt-Au/FSM-16 verifying the facile reduction of Pt moieties after addition of Au. The CO adsorption peak maximum, in TPCOR, for Pt/FSM-16 occurred at higher temperature than that of Pt-Au/FSM-16, which exhibited higher amounts of CO(2) produced. The relative decrease in CO bindings on bimetallic surface was responsible for increasing the CO oxidation activity mainly through an association mechanism. Accordingly, the activity of Pt-Au/FSM-16 towards WGS showed a marked increase (8-23 times) compared with those of monometallics emphasizing the dependence of this reaction on the electronic defects of the nanowires. A straightforward reduction mechanism was deduced for Pt-Au alloy formation in view of the results obtained. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis and x-ray analysis of butyl and glycosyl (2-arylamino-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxocyclohex-1-ene)carbodithioates and their possible cyclization to 2-thioxo-6,7-dihydro-1h-benzo[d][1,3]thiazin-5(2h)-one derivatives
Authors: El Ashry, EH (El Ashry, El Sayed H.)[ 1,2 ] ; Aly, AA (Aly, Aly A.)[ 3 ] ; Amer, MR (Amer, Mohammed R.)[ 1 ] ; Shah, MR (Shah, Muhammad R.)[ 1 ] ; Ng, SW (Ng, Seik W.)[ 4 ]
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Variety of butyl [2-arylamino-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxo-cyclohex-1-ene]carbodithioates (3a-c), 2-thioxo-6,7-dihydro-1H-benzo[d][1,3]thiazin-5(2H)-one derivatives (5a-c), and the glucosyl carbodithioates 6a-c as well as galactosyl carbodithioates 7a-c have been synthesized from the reaction of enaminone derivatives la-c with carbon disulfide followed by the alkylation with n-butyl bromide and alpha-D-glycosyl bromides, respectively. The amount of carbon disulfide plays a great role in the mode of reaction. The structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by spectral data and X-ray crystallography. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Magnetic and binding properties of metal-divacancy complexes at mgo(001) surface: dft calculations
Authors: halabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)[ 2 ] ; Ghonaim, MS (Ghonaim, M. S.)[ 2 ]
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We have analyzed the magnetic and binding properties of Ni, Cr, Mo, and Pt metals deposited on the defect free and defect containing surfaces of MgO by means of density functional theory calculations and embedded cluster model. Clusters of moderate sizes with no border anions, to avoid artificial polarization effects, were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces. Spin quenching occurs for Cr and Mo complexes at the defect free (terrace) surface, and Cr, Mo, and Pt complexes at the defect containing "pit" divacancy surface. The binding energies of the metals are significantly enhanced on the cationic vacancy end of the divacancy. The adsorption energies of the low spin states of spin quenched complexes are always greater than those of the high spin states. The metal-support interactions stabilize the low spin states of the adsorbed metals with respect to the isolated metals, but the effect is not always enough to quench the spin. The encountered variations in magnetic properties of free metals and of metal complexes are correlated with the energy gaps of the frontier orbitals. Spin contamination affect the adsorbate-substrate distances, Mulliken charges, Mulliken spin densities, natural charge, natural orbital population, and provide rationalization for the reported magnetic and binding properties. The electrostatic potential energy curves provide clearer understanding of the nature of magnetic and binding interactions. The magnetic and binding properties of a single metal atom adsorbed on a particular surface result from a competition between Hund's rule for the adsorbed metal, and the formation of a chemical bond at the interface. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Listvenite-lode association at the barramiya gold mine, eastern desert, egypt
Authors: Zoheir, B (Zoheir, Basem)[ 1 ] ; Lehmann, B (Lehmann, Bernd)[ 2 ]
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Several occurrences of gold-bearing quartz veins are situated along the east-northeast-trending Barramiya-Um Salatit ophiolitic belt in the central Eastern Desert of Egypt. In the Barramiya mine, gold mineralization within carbonaceous, listvenized serpentinite and adjacent to post-tectonic granite stocks points toward a significant role of listvenitization in the ore genesis. The mineralization is related to quartz and quartz-carbonate lodes in silicified/carbonatized wallrocks. Ore minerals, disseminated in the quartz veins and adjacent wallrocks are mainly arsenopyrite, pyrite and trace amounts of chalcopyrite, sphalerite, tetrahedrite, pyrrhotite, galena, gersdorffite and gold. Partial to complete replacement of arsenopyrite by pyrite and/or marcasite is common. Other secondary phases include covellite and goethite. Native gold and gold-silver alloy occur as tiny grains along micro-fractures in the quartz veins. However, the bulk mineralization can be attributed to auriferous arsenopyrite and arsenic-bearing pyrite (with hundreds of ppms of refractory Au), as evident by electron microprobe and IA-ICP-MS analyses. The mineralized quartz veins are characterized by abundant carbonic (CO(2) +/- CH(4) + H(2)O) and aqueous-carbonic (H(2)O-NaCl-CO(2) + CH4) inclusions along intragranular trails, whereas aqueous inclusions (H(2)O-NaCl + CO(2)) are common in secondary sites. Based on the fluid inclusions data combined with thermometry of the auriferous arsenopyrite, the pressure-temperature conditions of the Barramiya gold mineralization range from 1.3 to 2.4 kbar at 325-370 degrees C, consistent with mesothermal conditions. Based on the measured delta(34)S values of pyrite and arsenopyrite intimately associated with gold, the calculated delta(34)S(Sigma s) values suggest that circulating magmatic, dilute aqueous-carbonic fluids leached gold and isotopically light sulfur from the ophiolitic sequence. As the ore fluids infiltrated into the sheared listvenite rocks, a sharp decrease in the fluid fO(2) via interaction with the carbonaceous wallrocks triggered gold deposition in structurally favorable sites. (C) 2010 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.

Title: Numerical solution of two-sided space-fractional wave equation using finite difference method
Authors: Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 1 ] ; Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 2 ] ; Nagy, AM (Nagy, A. M.)[ 2 ]
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In this paper, a class of finite difference method for solving two-sided space-fractional wave equation is considered. The stability and consistency of the method are discussed by means of Gerschgorin theorem and using the stability matrix analysis. Numerical solutions of some wave fractional partial differential equation models are presented. The results obtained are compared to exact solutions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Low temperature combustion synthesis of coxmg1-xal2o4 nano pigments using oxalyldihydrazide as a fuel
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, I. S.)[ 1 ] ; Shama, SA (Shama, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; Dessouki, NA (Dessouki, N. A.)[ 1 ] ; Ali, AA (Ali, A. A.)[ 1 ]
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Oxalyldihydrazide as a fuel was used to prepare new nano size blue refractory ceramic pigments MgAl2O4: xCo(2+) (0.00

Title: Rosemary oil as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 0.5 m sulfuric acid solution
Authors: Al-Nowaiser, FM (Al-Nowaiser, F. M.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.); El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, E. H.)
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The possibility of using rosemary oil as a corrosion inhibitor of carbon steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid solution was investigated by determination of weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It was shown that the inhibition effectiveness increases with an increase in the concentration of oil and a decrease in the temperature. The inhibiting effect of the investigated oil is due to its adsorption on the surface of the steel and complexation. Adsorption is described by a Langmuir isotherm. The effect of the temperature on the corrosion rate was studied in the presence and absence of the oil and the thermodynamic parameters of the corrosion process were calculated.

Title: Synthesis of a re-188-dtpmp complex using carrier-free re-188 and study of its stability
Authors: Nassar, MY (Nassar, M. Y.)[ 1 ] ; El-Kolaly, MT (El-Kolaly, M. T.)[ 2 ] ; Mahran, MRH (Mahran, M. R. H.)[ 3 ]
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Labeling of diethylenetriamine-N,N,N',NaEuro(3),NaEuro(3)-pentakis(methylenephosphonic) acid (DTPMP) with rhenium-188 using stannous chloride as a reducing agent has been investigated. Dependence of the yield of the Re-188-DTPMP complex on the concentration of the reducing agent, pH, reaction time, temperature, ascorbic acid and amount of carrier added has been studied. Under optimum conditions, the labeling yield of Re-188-DTPMP complex is 95% for the carrier-free Re-188 but with the carrier-added Re-188 the labeling yield is more than 97%. Furthermore, the stability of the Re-188-DTPMP complex against pH change and dilution with saline has been also studied. It is found that the addition of carrier stabilizes the Re-188-DTPMP complex against pH change and dilution.

Title: Repellent and insecticidal activities of melia azedarach l. against cotton leafworm, spodoptera littoralis (boisd.)
Authors: Farag, M (Farag, Mohamed)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, MHM (Ahmed, Mohamed H. M.)[ 2 ] ; Yousef, H (Yousef, Heba)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Rahman, AAH (Abdel-Rahman, Adel A. -H.)[ 3 ]
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A crude acetone extract and oil of ripe fruits from Melia azedarach L. were evaluated against the 2(nd) and 4(th) instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Both oil and extract exhibited highly significant growth inhibition at all concentrations tested, while the oil of M. azedarach recorded higher insecticidal activity against both instars than the crude extract. GC-MS analysis of the oil revealed the presence of linoleic acid methyl ester, oleic acid methyl ester, and free oleic acid as the main components in addition to hexadecanol, palmitic acid, methyl esters of stearic acid and myristic acid. Fatty acids and their esters were not only the main constituents of essential oil from the ripe fruits of M. azedarach, but also mainly responsible for the insecticidal and growth inhibition activity against S. littoralis.

Title: Spectrophotometric microdetermination of some antihypertensive drugs in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations
Authors: Shama, SA (Shama, Sayed A.)[ 1 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Omara, H (Omara, Hany)[ 1 ]
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Simple, rapid, accurate, precise and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the microdetermination of enalapril maleate (ENM) and lisinopril dihydrate (LIS) has been developed. The method is based on oxidation of the drug by potassium permanganate in acidic medium and determine the unreacted oxidant by measuring the decrease in absorbance for three different acidic dyes; acid red 73 (AR), amaranth dye [acid red 27] (AM) and acid orange 7 (AO) at a suitable lambda(max) (510, 521 and 484 nm for ENM and 509, 521 and 485 nm for LIS), respectively. Regression analysis of Beer's law plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges 0.7-12, 0.5-7.6 and 0.6-9.5 mu g mL(-1) and 0.5-9.0, 0.4-6.1 and 0.4-7.2 mu g mL(-1) for ENM and LIS using AR, AM and AO, respectively. The apparent molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantitation limits are calculated. Statistical treatment of the results reflects that the proposed procedures are precise, accurate and easily applicable for the determination of ENM and LIS in pure and in pharmaceutical preparations.

Title: On the fractional-order logistic equation with two different delays
Authors: El-Sayed, AMA (El-Sayed, Ahmed M. A.)[ 2 ] ; El-Saka, HAA (El-Saka, Hala A. A.)[ 1 ] ; El-Maghrabi, EM (El-Maghrabi, Esam M.)[ 3 ]
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The fractional-order logistic equation with the two different delays r(1) r(2) > 0, D(alpha)x(t) = rho x(t - r(1))[1 - x(t - r(2))], t > 0 and rho > 0, with the initial data x(t) = x(0), t

Title: Utility of inorganic oxidants for the spectrophotometric determination of ganciclovir in dosage forms
Authors: Gouda, AA (Gouda, Ayman A.)[ 2 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ]
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Eight direct spectrophotometric methods for determination of ganciclovir has been developed and validated. These methods were based on the oxidation of the drug by different inorganic oxidants: cede ammonium sulphate, potassium permanganate, ammonium molybdate, ammonium metavanadate, chromium trioxide, potassium dichromate, potassium iodate and potassium periodate. The oxidation reaction were performed in perchloric acid medium for ceric ammonium sulphate and in sulfuric acid medium for the other reagents. Different variables affecting the reaction conditions were carefully studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, linear relationships with good correlation coefficients (0.9987-0.9993) were found between the reading and the corresponding concentration of the drug in the ranges of 2.0-1500 mu g.mL(-1). The limits of detection ranged from 0.26-18.25 mu g mL(-1). The precision of the methods was satisfactory; the values of relative standard deviations did not exceed 2.0 %. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the analysis of ganciclovir in dosage forms with good accuracy and precisions; the label claim percentages ranged from 99.9-100.4 +/- 0.62-1.05 %.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of nixmg1-xal2o4 nano ceramic pigments via a combustion route
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, I. S.)[ 1 ] ; Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, H. A.)[ 1 ] ; Ali, AA (Ali, A. A.)[ 1 ]
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MgAl2O4 was successfully used as a crystalline host network for the synthesis of nickel-based nano cyan refractory ceramic pigments. Different compositions of NixMg1-xAl2O4 (0.1

Title: A new technique of using homotopy analysis method for solving high-order nonlinear differential equations
Authors: Hassan, HN (Hassan, Hany N.)[ 1 ] ; El-Tawil, AA (El-Tawil, Andmagdy A.)[ 2 ]
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In this paper, a new technique of homotopy analysis method (HAM) is proposed for solving high-order nonlinear initial value problems. This method improves the convergence of the series solution, eliminates the unneeded terms and reduces time consuming in the standard homotopy analysis method (HAM) by transform the nth-order nonlinear differential equation to a system of n first-order equations. Second-and third-order problems are solved as illustration examples of the proposed method. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Title: Thioamidoalkylation of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, enol silyl ethers, and enamines
Authors: Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.); Celik, I (Celik, Ilhami); Abdel-Fattah, AAA (Abdel-Fattah, Ashraf A. A.)
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Novel syntheses of beta-thioamido ketones via thioamidoalkylations of malonates, beta-keto esters, beta-diketones, enol silyl ethers, and enamines with N-(alpha-thioamidoalkyl)benzotriazoles are described.

Title: Synthesis of zsm-5 zeolite of improved bulk and surface properties via mixed templates
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar); Zidan, FI (Zidan, F. I.); Fodail, MH (Fodail, M. H.)
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Hydrothermally synthesized ZSM-5 zeolites using tetrapropyl-ammonium bromide (TPA-Br), Xylitol (Xy) and tetrapropyl-ammonium bromide + Xylitol templates; those compared with that of the parent having the same Si/Al molar ratio (64) and purchased from Mobil, were characterized with several physicochemical techniques including N(2) adsorption, XRD, TG/DSC, FTIR and pyridine-FTIR. The effect of various templates on the crystallinity, crystallites size, surface properties and thermal stabilities of the produced ZSM-5 were investigated. ZSM-5 synthesized using TPA-Br + Xy; of S(BET) = 393 m(2) g(-1), exhibited a crystallinity percentage comprises of 1.42% when compared with that of the parent (taken at 100% crystallinity) and measured as well a crystallites size of 61 nm exceeding that derived from Xy (41 nm) that measured the lowest crystallinity percentages (71%), lowest S(BET) (303 m(2) g(-1)) and highest yield (65%) between all samples. The former sample showed high thermal stability (till 1,000 degrees C) when compared with that derived from TPA-Br, as illustrated from TG/DSC thermograms that provided a criteria on decreasing the pore radius as a result of enclosing appreciable amounts of TPA(+) and Xy inside narrow pores of ZSM-5. This sample also indicated a hydrophobic tendency when compared with that devoted from TPA-Br. Pyridine adsorption measurements showed that addition of Xy to TPA-Br stimulate the existence of basic sites in addition to acidic ones (mainly Bronsted ones) that was in the middle between that derived from Xy and TPA-Br templates. More informations on the textural properties, morphologies, vibrational tetrahedral co-ordination T(Si or Al)-O modes and acidity were evaluated and discussed.

Title: Synthesis of micro-mesoporous tio2 materials assembled via cationic surfactants: morphology, thermal stability and surface acidity characteristics
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar); Bayoumy, WA (Bayoumy, W. A.); Khairy, M (Khairy, M.); Mousa, MA (Mousa, M. A.)
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Nano-structured titanium dioxide materials were synthesized hydrothermally (TiCl4, 353 K, 5 days) via assembling through cationic surfactants in particular cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and cetylpyridinum bromide (CPB). The bulk chemical and phase compositions, crystalline structure, particle morphology, thermal stability and surface texturing were determined by means of X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal analyses (DTA/TGA) and N-2 sorptiometry. The acidity of synthesized materials was studied by FTIR spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine as a probe molecule. The results revealed that the crystallites size of all materials lie in the range of 10.1-18.2 nm and organized in a morphological structure that change from nano-sized spheres to cotton fibrils shape. Surfaces thereon exposed were found to assume high specific areas (240418 m(2) g(-1)) and micro-mesoporous surfaces with pore size in the range 23.2-43.7 A. Rutile phase was only produced for all TiO2 materials assembled by cationic surfactants following heating up to 623 K. The transformation of rutile to anatase TiO2 was coincided with the developed interaction between vanadia and titania assembled by CPB template. The V in the resulting vanado-titanate was entirely incorporated in TiO2 structure. The as-synthesized phases of either rutile or anatase were maintained after calcining at 973 K exhibiting a significant thermal stability. Pyridine adsorption at RT indicated the involvement of acid-base site pair on all TiO2 assembled by cationic templates where that prepared by conventional method only exposed Lewis and Bronsted acid sites with a higher tendency to the latter comparatively. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Title: Utilization of ion exchanger and spectrophotometry for assaying amoxycillin and flucloxacillin in dosage form
Authors: Aly, HM (Aly, Hisham M.); Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)
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A simple, rapid, accurate sensitive spectrophotometry procedure for the determination of amoxycillin (Amox) and flucloxacillin (Fluclox) in bulk samples and in dosage forms are developed. The procedure involves the use of sudan III as chromogenic reagent to produce a violet colored ion-pair with an absorption maximum at 566 nm. The ion-pair complexes obey Beer's law and are suitable for the quantitative determination of 0.2-22 and 0.4-25 mu g/ml of Amox, and Fluclox, respectively. The optimization of different experimental conditions is described in which Amox react after 3 min at 25 +/- 1 degrees C, whereas Fluclox take 10 min at 60 +/- 1 degrees C. Tin(IV) antimonite ion exchanger was utilized to separate a mixture of Amox and Fluclox trihydrate. A column chromatographic technique was applied to separation the antibiotics mixture. Column of 0.3 mm diameter and bed height of 3 cm of the exchanger was used and the frontal elution technique was utilized. The separation factor for Fluclox and Amox was found to be 2.76. Tin(IV) antimonite ion exchanger exhibit promising feature that can be utilized as stationary phase in either HPLC or HPTLC techniques. The procedure described was applied successfully to determine Amox and Fluclox. The obtained results were compared the official methods. The proposed procedure was successfully applied to determine Amox and Fluclox in their pharmaceutical formulations. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of pipazethate hcl, dextromethorphan hbr and drotaverine hcl in their pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.); El-Sheikh, R (El-Sheikh, Ragaa); Zahran, F (Zahran, Faten); Gouda, AA (Abou El-Fetouh Gouda, Ayman)
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A simple, accurate and highly sensitive spectrophotometric method is proposed for the rapid determination of pipazethate hydrochloride, dextromethorphan hydrobromide and drotaverine hydrochloride using chromotrope 2B (C2B) and chromotrope 2R (C2R). The method consists of extracting the formed ion-associates into chloroform in the case of pipazethate HCl and dextromethorphan HBr or into methylene chloride in the case of drotaverine HCl. The ion-associates exhibit absorption maxima at 528, 540 and 532 nm with C2B and at 526, 517 and 522 nm with C2R for pipazethate HCl, dextromethorphan HBr and drotaverine HCl, respectively. The calibration curves resulting from the measurements of absorbance-concentration relations (at the optimum reaction conditions) of the extracted ion-pairs are linear over the concentration range 4.36-52.32 mu g mL(-1) for pipazethate, 3.7-48.15 mu g mL(-1) for dextromethorphan and 4.34-60.76 mu g mL(-1) for drotaverine, respectively. The effect of acidity, reagent concentration, time, solvent and stoichiometric ratio of the ion-associates were estimated. The molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity of the reaction products were calculated. Statistical treatment of the results reflects that the procedure is precise, accurate and easily applied for the determination of the drugs under investigation in pure form and in their pharmaceutical preparations. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V.

Title: Evaluation of the asl and hawara formations using seismic- and log-derived properties, october oil field, gulf of suez, egypt
Authors: Lashin, A (Lashin, Aref)[ 1 ] ; Al-Arifi, N (Al-Arifi, Nassir)[ 2 ] ; Abu Ashour, N (Abu Ashour, Nassir)[ 3 ]
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October Field is one of the most prolific offshore oil fields in the Gulf of Suez of Egypt. It consists of a number of marine platforms and produces oil from different reservoirs of different geological ages from the Lower Cretaceous to the Miocene. The aim of this study was to enhance a seismic-log evaluational procedure to evaluate the Miocene-aged Asl and Hawara Formations which encounter the main hydrocarbon and source rock potentials in the area North of October Oil Field. The well logging data, the borehole seismic data, and the velocity surveys are all used in this study. A number of synthetic seismograms are constructed and interpreted together with the deduced seismic impedance and reflection coefficient data for many wells in the study area. In addition, a comprehensive velocity analysis is performed using the seismic times and the computed average and interval velocities. These seismic-derived parameters are primarily used in recognizing and locating precisely the marl and sand sections of Asl Formation which show low to middle amplitudes. Furthermore, a quantitative well logging analysis is carried out over Asl and Hawara Formations to shed light over their hydrocarbon potentiality. Good oil saturation is exhibited by the Asl sand section which reaches to more than 90% in the southern parts of the study area. The petrophysical characters of this sand are very good in terms of good effective porosity (9% to13%), low shale volume (V (sh) < 5%), and high oil saturation (S (h) > 85%). The sections of the Asl marl and the Hawara shale on the other hand are considered completely wet. An integrated model making use of the seismic- and log-derived properties is applied over the two studied formations for better understanding the reservoir of interest. Many relations are constructed between velocity, seismic impedance, and the rock pore spaces on one hand and between the velocity, lithology, and fluid content on the other hand. This study revealed that the sand section attains very good oil-bearing potentiality in the study area and proved that the application of an integrated model of the log- and seismic-derived properties led to an enhanced evaluation of the Asl and Hawara Formations, good discrimination between their lithological components besides precise differentiation from the overlying Middle to Late Miocene sections.

Title: Impact of ethylene carbonate on electrical properties of pva/(nh4)2so4/h2so4 proton-conductive membrane
Authors: Gouda, ME (Gouda, M. E.)[ 1 ] ; Badr, SK (Badr, S. K.)[ 2 ] ; Hassan, MA (Hassan, M. A.)[ 3 ] ; Sheha, E (Sheha, E.)[ 1 ]
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A new proton-conductive membrane (PCM) based on poly (vinyl alcohol) and ammonium sulfate (NH(4))(2)SO(4) complexed with sulfuric acid and plasticized with ethylene carbonate (EC) at different weight percent were prepared by casting technique. The structural properties of these electrolyte films were examined by XRD studies. The XRD patterns of all the prepared polymer electrolytes reveal the amorphous nature of the films. ac conductivity and dielectric spectra of the electrolyte were studied with changing EC content from weight 0.00 to 0.75 g. A maximum conductivity of 7.3 x 10(-5) S cm(-1) has been achieved at ambient temperature for PCM containing 0.25 g of ethylene carbonate. The electrical conductivity sigma, dielectric constant epsilon' and dielectric loss epsilon aEuro(3) of PCM in frequency range (100 Hz to 100 KHz), and temperature range (300-400 K) were carried out. Measurement of transference number was carried out to investigate the nature of charge transport in these polymer electrolyte films using Wagner's polarization technique. Transport number data showed that the charge transport in these polymer electrolyte systems was predominantly due to ions. The electrolyte with the highest electrical conductivity was used in the fabrication of a solid-state electrochemical cell with the configuration (Mg/PCM/PbO(2)). Various cell parameters ldensity, and current density were determined. The fabricated cells gave capacity of 650 mu Ah and have an internal resistance of 11.6 k Omega.

Title: Structural and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline ni1-xcuxfe2o4 prepared through oxalates precursors
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ] ; Kadi, MW (Kadi, M. W.)[ 1 ]
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Spinel ferrites of the composition Ni1-xCuxFe2O4 (x = 0.0-1.0) have been prepared through the thermal decomposition of their respective impregnated oxalates. The oxalate decomposition process was followed using differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry techniques (DTA-TG). The synthesized nanocrystallites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The formation of single-phase ferrite is confirmed by XRD. Tetragonal deformation is observed for samples with composition x >= 0.7. The increase in the lattice parameter with increasing Cu content can be explained based on the relative ionic radius. The TEM image shows spherically non-agglomerated particles with an average crystallite size that agrees well with that obtained from XRD. FT-IR studies show two absorption bands (v(1) and v (2)) near to 600 and 400 cm(-1) for the tetrahedral and octahedral sites, respectively. The hysteresis measurements were done using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The cation distribution in these compositions is calculated from the magnetization data. With increasing Cu content, the saturation magnetization (M-s) was observed to decrease while the coercivity (H-c) increases. The possible reasons responsible for the composition dependence of the magnetic properties were discussed. The Curie temperature, measured through the temperature dependence of the dc-molar magnetic susceptibility, was found to decrease with increasing Cu content. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis and photochemistry of ph-sensitive gfp chromophore analogs
Authors: Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1 ] ; Yoshioka-Tarver, M (Yoshioka-Tarver, Megumi)[ 1,2 ] ; El-Gendy, BEM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 1,3 ] ; Hall, CD (Hall, C. Dennis)[ 1 ]
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GFP chromophore analogs (7a-e, 8, and 10a,b) containing 2-thienyl-, 5-methyl-2-furyl-, 2-pyrryl, and 6-methyl-2-pyridyl-groups were synthesized and their fluorescence spectra recorded in the pH range 1-7. NMR studies showed that protonation of 8 (2-thienyl system) inhibited photoisomerization (Z-E) about the exocyclic double bond but that protonation of 7c (E + Z) (2-pyrryl system) gave only 7cE. Fluorescence studies revealed enhancement of fluorescence intensity of 7c and 7b,e (furyl system) below pH 2.5 and gave a similar result for loa (pyridyl system) below pH 6. Quantum yields at pH 1 were low, probably due to excited state proton transfer (ESPT). (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Mono and binuclear ag(i), cu(ii), zn(ii) and hg(ii) complexes of a new azo-azomethine as ligand: synthesis, potentiometric, spectral and thermal studies
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, Ibrahim S.)[ 1 ] ; Moustafa, MM (Moustafa, Moustafa M.)[ 1 ] ; El Aziz, MMA (El Aziz, Mohamed. M. Abd)
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New azo-azomethine dyes were prepared by reaction of p-aminobenzoic acid, o-anisidine, o-nitroaniline, and p-bromoaniline with salicylaldehyde respectively to form azo compounds and then condensation by urea to form 4-(R-arylazo 2-salicylaldene)-urea azo-azomethine derivatives (I(a-d)). The complexes of these ligands with Ag(I), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Hg(II) metal ions were prepared. The structure of the free ligands and their complexes were characterized by using elemental analysis (C, H, N), (1)H NMR, IR and UV-Vis-spectra. The proton dissociation constants of the ligands and the stability constant of their complexes have been determined potentiometrically in 40% (v/v) alcohol-water medium as well as the stoichiometry of complexes were determined conductometrically. The data reveal that the stoichiometries for all complexes were prepared in molar ratios (1:1) and (1:2) (M:L). The electrolytic and nonelectrolytic natures of the complexes were assigned based on molar conductance measurements. The thermogravimetric (TG), and differential thermal analyses (DTA) were studied in nitrogen atmosphere with heating rate 10 degrees C/min. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for thermal decomposition of complexes have been calculated by graphical method using Coats-Redfern (CR) method. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Removal of methylene blue and crystal violet from aqueous solutions by palm kernel fiber
Authors: El-Sayed, GO (El-Sayed, Gamal Owes)
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The ability of palm kernel fiber (PKF) to adsorb methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV) from aqueous solutions has been studied. Adsorption studies were carried out at different initial dye concentrations (20, 40. 80 and 160 mg/L), contact time, pH (1.0-11.0) and sorbent doses (0.4, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 g/L). Other factors affecting the absorption process as stirring rate, ionic strength and temperature of the initial dye solution were also examined. Adsorption data were modeled using Langmuir. Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherms. Equilibrium data of the biosorption process fitted very well to the Freundlich model (R-2 = 0.997 and 0.991 for MB and CV, respectively). The thermodynamic parameters such as Delta H degrees, Delta S degrees and Delta G degrees were evaluated. The dye adsorption process was found to be endothermic for the two dyes. The maximum adsorption capacity Q(o) was 95.4 mg/g for MB and 78.9 mg/g for CV at an optimum pH. Adsorption kinetic was verified by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The results indicated that the dye uptake process followed the pseudo second-order and saturation type rate expressions for each dye. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: On the numerical solutions for the fractional diffusion equation
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)
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Fractional differential equations have recently been applied in various area of engineering, science, finance, applied mathematics, bio-engineering and others. However, many researchers remain unaware of this field. In this paper, an efficient numerical method for solving the fractional diffusion equation (FDE) is considered. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. The method is based upon Chebyshev approximations. The properties of Chebyshev polynomials are utilized to reduce FDE to a system of ordinary differential equations, which solved by the finite difference method. Numerical simulation of FDE is presented and the results are compared with the exact solution and other methods. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Preparation and characterization of nano-silver/mesoporous titania photocatalysts for herbicide degradation
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)[ 1,2 ] ; Khairou, KS (Khairou, K. S.)[ 1 ]
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Hydrothermally synthesized mesoporous titania containing silver; at weight percentages ratio of 1.6 and 3.2, nanoparticles either assembled by polyoxyethylene laurel ether (POL) or sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) were characterized with XRD. N-2 sorptiometry, DRUV-vis, FIR and TEM. The photocatalytic performance of the catalysts was tested for the oxidation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; herbicide); through comparison with P25, under visible (lambda > 420 nm) and UV light irradiation. Our results show that TEM measurements evince that dispersed Ag nanoparticles with diameter of 7 and 5 nm are deposited on titania surfaces synthesized using POL and SOS, respectively. XRD and N-2 sorptiometry measurements advocate that Ag atoms were present inside titania pores; as confirmed from decreasing both surface area and pore volume values, as well as attending on titania surfaces upon increasing Ag content prohibiting the growth of anatase phase. The UV-vis absorbance spectra indicated that Ag nanoparticles can shift the absorption maximum to the visible light region as confirmed by the presence of surface plasmon bands at 634 and 700 nm. The apparent rate constants calculated under visible-light illumination for all catalysts were 0.0335 and 0.0289 min(-1); for 1.6 wt.% and 3.2 wt.% Ag/TiO2 templated from POL, as well as 0.0263 and 0.0251 min(-1); for 1.6 wt.% and 3.2 wt.% Ag/TiO2 templated from SOS. The direct involvement of the Ag particles in mediating the electron transfer from the photoexcited TiO2 under band gap excitation is considered to carry out the efficient photo-catalytic oxidation of the 2,4-D besides, the higher efficiency of generation, mobility, and separation of photoinduced electrons and holes. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Parallel pi-vector fields and energy beta-change
Authors: Soleiman, A (Soleiman, A.)
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The present paper deals with an intrinsic investigation of the notion of a parallel pi-vector field on the pullback bundle of a Finsler manifold (M, L). The effect of the existence of a parallel pi-vector field on some important special Finsler spaces is studied. An intrinsic investigation of a particular beta-change, namely the energy beta-change ((L) over tilde (2)(x, y) = L(2)(x, y) + B(2)(x, y) with B := g((xi) over bar (x), (eta) over bar); (xi) over bar (x) being a parallel pi-vector field), is established. The relation between the two Barthel connections Gamma and (Gamma) over tilde, corresponding to this change, is found. This relation, together with the fact that the Cartan and the Barthel connections have the same horizontal and vertical projectors, enable us to study the energy beta-change of the fundamental linear connection in Finsler geometry: The Cartan connection, the Berwald connection, the Chern connection and the Hashiguchi connection. Moreover, the change of their curvature tensors is concluded. It should be pointed out that the present work is formulated in a prospective modern coordinate-free form.

Title: Synthesis of new peptidyl- and glycosylpyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, Aly A.)[ 1 ] ; Behalo, MS (Behalo, Mohamed S.)[ 1 ]
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A new series of 2-N-(phthalyl-or tosylamino acid) pyrimidines have been synthesised from the coupling of pyrimidine derivatives with phthalyl-or tosylamino acids. Hydrazinolysis of 2-N-phthalyl derivatives afforded unprotected amino acid derivatives. New derivatives of peptidylpyrimidines have been synthesised from the reaction of pyrimidine derivatives with alpha-amino acids methyl ester hydrochloride viz different routes. Also, new glycosides have been prepared from the reaction of pyrimidine derivatives with alpha-D-glucopyranosyl bromide. Most of the synthesised compounds showed a significant antimicrobial activity.

Title: Synthesis and biological evaluation of i-125-nebivolol as a potential cardioselective agent for imaging beta(1)-adrenoceptors
Authors: Motaleb, MA (Motaleb, M. A.)[ 2 ] ; Moustapha, ME (Moustapha, M. E.)[ 1 ] ; Ibrahim, IT (Ibrahim, I. T.)[ 2 ]
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The aim of this study was to develop a potential selective radiopharmaceutical for the non-invasive assessment of cardiac beta(1)-adrenoceptors in vivo. Nebivolol is a cardioselective beta(1)-adrenergic receptor antagonist that was successfully labeled with NCA I-125 via direct electrophilic substitution at ambient temperature. The reaction parameters studied were nebivolol concentration, pH of the reaction mixture and kinds of oxidizing agents. The radiolabeled compound maintained its stability throughout working period of 24 h. In vivo uptake of I-125-nebivolol in the heart was 8.51 +/- A 0.01% ID/organ at 0.5 h post-injection, whereas the clearance pathways from the rats appear to proceed via the hepatobiliary and renal clearance. Administration of cold nebivolol reduced the heart uptake to 2.1 +/- A 0.13% and further confirms the high specificity and selectivity of this radiotracer for the myocardial beta(1)-adrenoceptors.

Title: Influence of the atmosphere on the thermal decomposition kinetics of the caco3 content of pfbc coal flying ash
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.); Hoff, D (Hoff, D.); Kasper, G (Kasper, G.)
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The thermal decomposition behavior of hard coal fly ash (HCA2), obtained from the combustion of an Australian hard coal in thermoelectric power plants, in different atmospheres (air, N-2 and N-2-H-2 mixture), was studied using thermogravimetry (TG), infrared-evolved gas analysis (IR-EGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermodilatometry (DIL) techniques. It was found that changing of the applied atmosphere affects the carbon content of the ash which results in different thermal decomposition behaviors. In air, the carbon content was oxidized to carbon dioxide before the decomposition of carbonate. In N-2 or in N-2-H-2 atmospheres, the carbon content acts as a spacer causing a fewer points of contact between calcium carbonate particles, thus increasing the interface area which results in a decrease of the carbonate decomposition temperature. Following the carbonate decomposition, the iron oxide content of the ash undergoes a reductive decomposition reaction with the unburned carbon. This oxidation-reduction reaction was found to be fast and go to completion in presence of the N-2-H-2 mixture than in the pure nitrogen atmosphere due to the reducing effect of the hydrogen. The kinetics of the carbonate decomposition step, in air and N-2-H-2 mixture was performed under non-isothermal conditions using different integral methods of analysis. The dynamic TG curves obeyed the Avrami-Erofeev equation (A(2)) in air, and phase boundary controlled reaction equation (R-2) in N-2-H-2 mixture. The change in the reaction mechanism and the difference in the calculated values of activation parameters with the change of the atmosphere were discussed in view of effect of the atmosphere on the carbon content of the ash.

Title: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a new potential biocontrol agent of ralstonia solanacearum, causal agent of potato brown rot
Authors: Messiha, NAS (Messiha, N. A. S.); van Diepeningen, AD (van Diepeningen, A. D.); Farag, NS (Farag, N. S.); Abdallah, SA (Abdallah, S. A.); Janse, JD (Janse, J. D.); van Bruggen, AHC (van Bruggen, A. H. C.)
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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was isolated from the rhizosphere of eggplant in the Nile Delta of Egypt, and its antagonistic potential against Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2, the causal agent of potato brown rot, was in vitro evaluated on KB agar medium and in vivo on potato plants. In vitro, four isolates of S. maltophilia (PD3531, PD3532, PD3533, and PD3534) appeared antagonistic. The isolate (PD3533) was screened as the most promising antagonist for the in vivo tests. In the greenhouse, the antagonist was applied directly to soil or by bacterization of potato eyepieces. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia significantly suppressed potato brown rot in Egyptian clay soil but not in Dutch clay soil. Survival of a rifampicin and chloramphenicol-resistant S. maltophilia strain PD4560 was investigated in two pairs of clay soils, conventionally and organically managed, from Egypt and the Netherlands. The survival of S. maltophilia was significantly less in Dutch than in Egyptian soils, while the converse occurred for R. solanacearum. These results are in agreement with those obtained in the in vivo biocontrol tests. In conclusion, S. maltophilia may be useful for control of brown rot in the area where it was originally isolated, the Nile Delta in Egypt.

Title: Benzotriazole-mediated alkoxyalkylation and acyloxyalkylation
Authors: Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Fattah, AAA (Abdel-Fattah, Ashraf A. A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Idzik, KR (Idzik, Krzysztof R.)[ 1,3 ] ; El-Gendy, BEDM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Soloducho, J (Soloducho, Jadwiga)[ 3 ]
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Reactions of readily available and stable 1-(alpha-alkoxyalkyl)benzotriazoles type 9a, b and 10a-d with a variety of silyl enol ethers 11 or 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds 13 give the expected ketones 12a-l (60-92%), beta-keto esters 14a, b (62-67%), and malonates 14c,d (79-88%) in which a tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydropyran moiety has been introduced at the a position. 1-(Benzotriazol-1-yl) alkyl esters 7 are converted by cyanide anion into cyanohydrin esters 15a-i (55-98%). (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of gatifloxacin in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulation
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.); Gouda, AAEF (Gouda, Ayman Abou El-Fetouh); El-Sheikh, R (El-Sheikh, Ragaa); Zahran, F (Zahran, Faten)
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Simple, rapid, and extractive spectrophotometric methods were developed for the determination of gatifloxacin (GT) in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. These methods are based on the formation of yellow ion-pair complexes between the basic nitrogen of the drug and three sulphon-phthalein acid dyes, namely; bromocresol green (BCG), bromocresol purple (BCP), bromophenol blue (BPB) and bromothymol blue (BTB) in phthalate buffer pH 3.0, 3.4 and 3.2, using BCG, BCP and (BPB or BTB), respectively. The formed complexes were extracted with chloroform and measured at 415, 417, 412 and 414 nm for BCG, BPB, BCP and BTB, respectively. The analytical parameters and their effects on the reported systems are investigated. The reactions were extremely rapid at room temperature and the absorbance values remains unchanged at 48 h for all reactions. Beer's law was obeyed in the ranges 2.0-20, 2.0-14 and 2.0-16 mu g mL(-1) for BCG, BCP and (BPB or BTB), respectively. The composition of the ion pairs was found 1:1 by Job's method. Beer's law validation, accuracy, precision, limits of detection, limits of quantification. The proposed methods have been applied successfully for the analysis of the drug bulk form and its dosage form. The results were in good agreement with those obtained by the official and reported methods. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Parametric excitation of an internally resonant double pendulum
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, A. F.)
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The response of two-degree-of-freedom systems with quadratic and quartic nonlinearities to a principal parametric resonance in the presence of two-to-one internal resonance is investigated. The method of multiple scales is used to construct a first-order uniform expansion yielding four first-order nonlinear ordinary differential ( averaging) equations governing the modulation of the amplitudes and phases of the two modes. These equations are used to determine the steady state ( fixed point) solutions and their stability. Bifurcations of the fixed points are investigated. Numerical solutions are carried out and graphical representations of the results are presented. The effect of the different parameters on the system response is studied. It is found that each mode has a single-valued curve and there exist zones of multivalued with the increasing and decreasing of some parameters. Both modes lose stability with the varying of some parameters. The region of definition decreases with the increasing and decreasing of some parameters.

Title: Nonlinear interfacial rayleigh - taylor instability of two-layers flow with an ac electric field
Authors: Moatimid, GM (Moatimid, Galal M.); El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, Atef F.)
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This paper deals with the stability of a plane interface between two different superposed fluids moving through two different porous media. The system is acted upon by an alternating electric field parallel to the interface. In addition, the influence of mass and heat transfer is taken into consideration. The boundary-value problem contains the linearized equation of motion together with nonlinear boundary conditions. It leads to a nonlinear characteristic differential equation governing the surface evolution. This characteristic equation is accomplished up to a third-order. It has periodic coefficients. The method of the multiple time scales is applied to a one-degree-of freedom system with quadratic and cubic nonlinearties subjected to parametric excitations. This method is used to determine the modulation of the amplitude as well as the phase. The steady state solutions and their stability are investigated. Previous relevant works are references. New and interesting properties of the solutions are derived. For example, we found that a softening behaviour causes a significant shift in the primary resonance frequency and the solution loses stability. Effects of different parameters such as: the damping factor, the coefficients of nonlinear terms and the amplitudes of the parametric excitations of the system are numerically investigated. It is also found that the response peak decreases with the increase and decrease of some parameters. The response amplitude will be contracted and becomes oval for increasing and decreasing parameters. The response amplitude loses stability with the varying of the parameters. In the case of sub-superharmonic resonance, the steady state response of the system shows a hardening behaviour in most cases for the chosen parameters although the physical nonlinearity of the system is of the softening type. The response amplitude loses stability with the decreasing and increasing of some parameters.

Title: Non-isothermal kinetics and characterization studies for the decomposition course of cu2o4-cdc2o4 mixture in air
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)
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DTA-TG experiment Of CuC2O4 CdC2O4 .3H(2)O (1:1 mol ratios) mixture in air shows that the mixture was completely decomposed to CuO-CdO mixture through three well-defined steps. Intermediate decomposition products as well as the final products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. XRD experiments show the absence of any formed solid solution even by raising the calcination temperature from 400 to 800 degrees C. The increase in the intensity of the diffraction lines by raising the temperature can be attributed to the grain growth of the decomposition products as revealed by SEM and nitrogen adsorption isotherm experiments. Kinetic analysis of the oxalate decomposition steps according to the composite integral method showed that the decomposition is best described by the Avrami-Erofeev equation (A2) characteristic of the solid-state nucleation growth mechanism. The activation parameters were then calculated and discussed. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of mordenites encapsulated titania nanoparticles: photocatalytic degradation of meta-chlorophenol
Authors: Salama, TM (Salama, Tarek Mohamed); Ali, IO (Ali, Ibraheem Othman); Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)
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Titanium-mordenites catalysts prepared by impregnation (TiM(in)), solid-solid interaction (TiM(imp)) and in situ incorporation during synthesis (TiM(in)); using ortho-phenylenediamine as a new templating agent under hydrothermal conditions (TiCl(4), 160 degrees C, 6 days), were thoroughly characterized by TG/DTA, N(2) adsorption, XRD, FTIR, UV-vis and pyridine-FTIR. They were tested; in comparison with TiO(2) Degussa, for degradation of meta-chlorophenol (MCP) in the presence of UV-Iight irradiation. It was possible to correlate the results obtained for MCP degradation over various catalysts with their structural and acidic properties. The photocatalytic degradation of MCP has been modeled to Langmuir-Hinshelwood rate law. TiM(ss) showed the highest degradation rate (0.060 min(-1)) followed by those of TiM(imp) (0.050 min(-1)), TiM(in) (0.025 min(-1)) and TiO(2) Degussa (0.0 18 min(-1)), respectively. The marked higher rate observed for the former catalyst was due to the larger pore radius (29 angstrom), acidity and the extra-framework TiO(2) anatase species (of absorption at 340 nm). Very strong emphasize to the state of titania within the three samples (TiM) was demonstrated and most importantly Si-O-Ti linkages (950-940 cm(-1)) were observed and correlated with photoactivities of all samples. Degradation products of MCP, including both aromatic and aliphatic intermediates, were monitored by HPLC. Chloride ions, on the other hand, were followed up during the degradation processes. Formic acid (formate) was identified as a final intermediate in the solution before it further mineralized to CO(2). Reasonable degradation pathway for MCP molecule is proposed on the basis of structural identification of several by-products. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Artificial polarization effects on f-a1 : sr2+ laser and coadsorption of cn and o at licl (001) surface: first principles calculations
Authors: Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)
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Artificial polarization effects on two practically important applications of the title color center, namely laser light generation and adsorbate-substrate interactions were investigated by using quantum mechanical CIS and DFT ab initio methods. Clusters of variable sizes were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surface. The dependence of the calculated transition energies of F-AI:Sr2+ lasers and related optical properties such as optical-optical conversion efficiency, relaxed excited states of the defect containing surface, orientational destruction of the point defect, recording sensitivity, and the Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule on artificial polarization effects was examined. The adsorption of cyanide and oxygen atom, as well as the coadsorption of CN + O on LiCl (0 0 1) surface is studied by using DFT. Perpendicular and parallel bonding geometries of CN adsorbed on LiCl (0 0 1) surface were considered. The dependance of the adsorption energies of CN at LiCl (0 0 1) surface, the coadsorption of CN and O, and the charge transfer reactions between CN and the paramagnetic chlorine vacancy on artificial polarization effects was also examined. The results were explained in terms of electrostatic potential curves. Electron transfer occurs from the substrate to the adsorbed molecule. About 79% of the total electron density is localized on the adsorbed molecule. Some of the calculated properties were found to be sensitive to artificial polarization effects while others were found to be insensitive providing a support to the relatively small cluster models. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Title: Bent fluorescent solar concentrators (bfscs): spectroscopy, stability and outdoor performance
Authors: El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, M. G.); El-Bashir, SM (El-Bashir, S. M.); Hammam, M (Hammam, M.); El-Mansy, MK (El-Mansy, M. K.)
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The spectroscopic properties of a coumarin derivative dye (macrolex fluorescent red G) impregnated in a poly(methylmethacrylate)/ silica hybrid matrix were studied. The stability of the hybrid against both light irradiation and raised temperature showed excellent weathering durability for use in fluorescent solar concentrator (FSC) applications. A new geometry for FSCs was introduced, which we call a "bent plate configuration". Each BFSC plate was manufactured as two rectangles forming two sides of a triangle to optimize receiving both direct and reflected solar energy. The effect of the concentrator apex angle on solar energy conversion was studied. The optimum apex angle was found to correlate well to the location latitude. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Voltammetric and potentiometric studies of some sulpha drug-schiff base compounds and their metal complexes
Authors: Ghoneim, MM (Ghoneim, M. M.); Mabrouk, EM (Mabrouk, E. M.); Hassanein, AM (Hassanein, A. M.); El-Attar, MA (El-Attar, M. A.); Hesham, EA (Hesham, E. A.)
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The electrochemical behavior of some sulpha drug-Schiff bases at a mercury electrode was examined in the Britton-Robinson universal buffer of various pH values (2.5-11.7) containing 20% (v/v) of ethanol using DC-polarography, cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential electrolysis. The DC-polarograms and cyclic voltammograms of the examined compounds exhibited a single, 2-electron, irreversible, diffusion-controlled cathodic step within the entire pH range which is attributed to the reduction of the azomethine group -CH=N- to -CH2-NH-. The symmetry transfer coefficient (alpha) of the electrode reaction and the diffusion coefficient (D-0) of the reactant species were determined. The electrode reaction pathway of the compounds at the mercury electrode was suggested to follow the sequence: H+, e(-), e(-), H+. The dissociation constant of the sulpha drug-Schiff bases, the stability constant and stoichiometry of their complexes with various divalent transition metal ions (Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+) were determined potentiometrically at room temperature. (c) Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. All rights reserved.

Title: Ion-pairing and reversed phase liquid chromatography for the determination of three different quinolones: enrofloxacin, lomefloxacin and ofloxacin
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, Hassan A.)[ 1 ] ; Agwa, IA (Agwa, Ibrahim A.)[ 2 ]
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Two simple and sensitive high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods have been developed for the simultaneous determination of three different quinolones: enrofloxacin, lomefloxacin and ofloxacin in their pure and dosage forms, one with reversed phase H PLC and the other with ion-pair HPLC. In reversed phase HPLC, method (A), the mobile phase consists of 2.18% aqueous solution of KH(2)PO(4) with pH adjusted to 2.4 +/- 0.2 with acetonitrile (80:20; v/v), the mobile phase pumped at flow rate of 1.2 ml min(-1). A Neucleosil C(18) column (10 mu m, 100 angstrom), 250 mm length x 4.6 mm diameter was utilized as stationary phase. Detection was affected spectrophotometrically at 294 nm. While in ion-pair HPLC, method (B), the mobile phase was aqueous solution of 0.65% sodium perchlorate and 0.31% ammonium acetate adjusted to pH 2.2 +/- 0.2 with orthophosphoric acid: acetonitrile (81:19; v/v), the mobile phase pumped at flow rate of 1.5 ml min(-1) A R bondapack C(18) column (10 mu m, 100 angstrom), 250 mm length x 4.6 mm diameter was utilized as stationary phase. Detection was affected spectrophotometrically at 294 nm. Linearity ranges for enrofloxacin, lomefloxacin and ofloxacin were 4.0-108, 7.0-112 and 8.0-113 mu g ml(-1), respectively using method A and 8.0-112, 7.0-112 and 5.0-105 mu g m(-1), respectively applying method B. Minimum detection limits obtained were 0.013, 0.023 and 0.035 mu g ml(-1) for enrofloxacin, lomefloxacin and ofloxacin, respectively using method A, and 0.028, 0.023 and 0.011 mu g ml(-1) using method B. The proposed methods were further applied to the analysis of enrofloxacin in injection and tablets containing the ofloxacin and lomefloxacin drugs, and the results were satisfied. (C) 2010 King Saud University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Impact of hydroquinone on thermal and electrical properties of plasticized [poly(vinyl alcohol)](0.7)(libr)(0.3)(h2so4)(2.9) (-1)(mol l) solid acid membrane
Authors: Badr, S (Badr, Samy)[ 2 ] ; Sheha, E (Sheha, Eslam)[ 1 ]
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A novel multi-component system containing poly(vinyl alcohol), lithium bromide, sulfuric acid, ethylene carbonate and hydroquinone was prepared using a solution-casting technique. The presence of hydroquinone as a reducing agent in the inorganic-organic membrane structure thus produced was thought to lead to enhanced thermal stability of the membrane. The activation energy for the thermal decomposition of the product samples increased with increasing hydroquinone doping. The ionic conductivities of the films were determined from AC impedance measurements in the temperature range 300-373 K. The maximum conductivity was found to be 1.75 x 10(-3) S cm(-1) for a film doped with 4 wt% hydroquinone. The results give some insight into the potential utility of the membrane as a proton-conducting solid polymer electrolyte. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry

Title: Synthesis, exchange reactions, and biological activity of poly(8-methacryloxyquinoline)
Authors: Khalil, AA (Khalil, A. A.)
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8-Methacryloxyquinoline (MAQ) was prepared through the reaction of 8-hydroxyquinoline with either methacryloyl chloride or methacrylic acid in the presence of triethylamine or N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, respectively. MAQ was polymerized in dimethylformamide with 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator. The reactions of the resulting polymers with hydroxyl and amino compounds were studied. The polymers were characterized with IR, (1)H-NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Some of the synthesized polymers were tested for their antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. Generally, all the polymers were effective against the tested microorganisms, but their growth-inhibition effects varied. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 121: 1160-1165, 2011

Title: Geant4 hadronic cascade models analysis of proton and charged pion transverse momentum spectra from p plus cu and pb collisions at 3, 8, and 15 gev/c
Authors: Abdel-Waged, K (Abdel-Waged, Khaled)[ 1,2 ] ; Felemban, N (Felemban, Nuha)[ 1,3 ] ; Uzhinskii, VV (Uzhinskii, V. V.)[ 4 ]
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We describe how various hadronic cascade models, which are implemented in the GEANT4 toolkit, describe proton and charged pion transverse momentum spectra from p + Cu and Pb collisions at 3, 8, and 15 GeV/c, recently measured in the hadron production (HARP) experiment at CERN. The Binary, ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) and modified FRITIOF (FTF) hadronic cascade models are chosen for investigation. The first two models are based on limited (Binary) and branched (UrQMD) binary scattering between cascade particles which can be either a baryon or meson, in the three-dimensional space of the nucleus, while the latter (FTF) considers collective interactions between nucleons only, on the plane of impact parameter. It is found that the slow (p(T) 0.3 GeV/c) proton spectra are not strongly affected by the differences between the FTF and UrQMD models. It is also shown that the UrQMD and FTF combined with Binary (FTFB) models could reproduce both proton and charged pion spectra from p + Cu and Pb collisions at 3, 8, and 15 GeV/c with the same accuracy.

Title: Modeling of an ablation-free electrothermal plasma pellet accelerator
Authors: Winfrey, AL (Winfrey, A. Leigh)[ 1,3 ] ; Abd Al-Halim, M (Abd Al-Halim, Mohamed)[ 2,3 ] ; Gilligan, JG (Gilligan, John G.)[ 3 ] ; Saveliev, AV (Saveliev, Alexei V.)[ 1 ] ; Bourham, MA (Bourham, Mohamed A.)[ 3 ]
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Electromagnetic and electrothermal launch devices can provide high acceleration and inject pellets with speeds in excess of 3 km/s for masses up to 3gm. However, the ablation of the bore adds impurities to the plasma. An ablation-free electrothermal pellet accelerator is a concept that utilizes an ablation-free capillary discharge in which a quartz capillary is coated with a nanocrystalline diamond film (NCD). The ablation-free capillary connects to an extension tube, which is also an ablation-free quartz tube coated with NCD that serves as the acceleration barrel. An ablation-free capillary discharge computer code has been developed to model plasma flow and acceleration of pellets for fusion fueling in magnetic fusion reactors. The code incorporates ideal and non-ideal conductivity models and has a set of governing equations for the capillary, the acceleration tube, and the pellet. The capillary generates the plasma from hydrogen/deuterium gas when the discharge current flows through the capillary. The pellet starts moving in the extension tube when the pressure of the plasma flow from the capillary reaches the release limit. The code results show an exit velocity of 2.7 km/s for a 20 mg deuterium pellet when using a capillary and barrel each 9 cm long where the source and barrel diameters are 0.4cm and 0.6cm, respectively, with a discharge current of 20 kA over a 300,us pulse length. An increase in the length of both the capillary and the barrel to 12 cm increases the pellet exit velocity to 2.9 km/s, and a further increase to 18 cm results in a 3.15 km/s pellet exit velocity. Increasing the barrel length to 36 cm, while keeping the source length at 18 cm, results in an increase in the pellet velocity to 3.32 km/s. The pellet starts moving at 35 mu s, reaches 3.32 km/s in 100 mu s, and maintains this velocity until exiting the acceleration tube.

Title: Spin quenching of transition metals deposited on mgo insulator and cdo semiconductor density functional calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)[ 1 ] ; Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)[ 2 ] ; Ghonaim, MS (Ghonaim, M. S.)[ 2 ]
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We have analyzed spin quenching of first row transition metals deposited on (001) defect-free and defect-containing surfaces of MgO insulator and CdO semiconductor by means of density functional calculations and embedded cluster model. Clusters of moderate sizes were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces, and relaxation of ions that surround the defect sites was taken into account. Spin states of metals deposited on the defect free surfaces were maintained as in the isolated metals except for Ti, V, and Co on MgO, and Ti, V, and Cr on CdO. On the defect containing surfaces, spin states were maintained too except for Fe on MgO, and V and Cr on CdO. The metal-support interactions stabilize the low spin state of the adsorbed metal with respect to the isolated metal, but the effect was not in general enough to quench the spin. Spin polarization effects tend to preserve the spin states of the adsorbed metals relative to those of the isolated metals. Although charge transfer took place from the adsorbed metal to the insulator surface, it took place the other way round from the semiconductor surface to the adsorbed metal. The encountered variations in magnetic properties were attributed to the smaller band gap of the semiconductor, and the behavior of a single metal atom adsorbed on a particular surface was a result of a competition between Hund's rule for the adsorbed metal and the formation of a chemical bond at the interface. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 111: 2444-2453, 2011

Title: Construction of fused heterocycles by metal-mediated [2+2+2] cyclotrimerization of alkynes and/or nitriles
Authors: Shaaban, MR (Shaaban, Mohamed R.)[ 1,2 ] ; El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, Refat)[ 2,3 ] ; Elwahy, AHM (Elwahy, Ahmed H. M.)[ 1 ]
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Title: Slip velocity effect on a non-newtonian power-law fluid over a moving permeable surface with heat generation
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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The effects of surface slip and heat generation (absorption) on the flow and heat transfer of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid on a continuously moving surface have been examined. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations describing the problem are transformed to nonlinear ordinary differential equations using suitable transformations. The transformed ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using the fourth order Runge-Kutta method with the shooting technique. Graphical solutions for the dimensionless velocity and the dimensionless temperature are presented and discussed for various values of the slip parameter, the heat generation or absorption parameter and the Eckert number. The results show that the local skin-friction coefficient is decreased as the slip parameter increased. Also, it is found that the local Nusselt number is decreased as the slip parameter or the heat generation parameter increased and the heat absorption parameter has the effect of increasing the local Nusselt number. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: On good eq-algebras
Authors: El-Zekey, M (El-Zekey, Moataz)[ 1 ] ; Novak, V (Novak, Vilem)[ 2 ] ; Mesiar, R (Mesiar, Radko)[ 2,3 ]
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A special algebra called EQ-algebra has been recently introduced by Vilem Novak. Its original motivation comes from fuzzy type theory, in which the main connective is fuzzy equality. EQ-algebras have three binary operations - meet, multiplication, and fuzzy equality - and a unit element. They open the door to an alternative development of fuzzy (many-valued) logic with the basic connective being a fuzzy equality instead of an implication. This direction is justified by the idea presented by G.W. Leibniz that "a fully satisfactory logical calculus must be an equational one." In this paper, we continue the study of EQ-algebras and their special cases. We introduce and study the prefilters and filters of separated EQ-algebras. We give great importance to the study of good EQ-algebras. As we shall see in this paper, the "goodness" property (and thus separateness) is necessary for reasonably behaving algebras. We enrich good EQ-algebras with a unary operation, Delta (the so-called Baaz delta), fulfilling some additional assumptions that are heavily used in fuzzy logic literature. We show that the characterization theorem obtained until now for representable good EQ-algebras also hold for the enriched algebra. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Hpm for the slip velocity effect on a liquid film over an unsteady stretching surface with variable heat flux
Authors: Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)
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This article presents a numerical solution for the unsteady slip velocity flow of a thin viscous liquid film over a heated horizontal stretching surface in the presence of variable heat flux. Similarity transformations are used to transform the governing equations to a set of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations. The obtained differential equations are solved approximately by the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The effects of various parameters governing the flow and heat transfer in this study are discussed and presented graphically. Comparison of numerical results is made with the earlier published results under limiting cases.

Title: On the structural and magnetic properties of la-substituted nicuzn ferrites prepared using egg-white
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Asiri, AM (Asiri, Abdullah M.)[ 1,3 ] ; AlAngari, YM (AlAngari, Y. M.)[ 1 ]
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Ni(0.50)Cu(0.25)Zn(0.25)La(x)Fe(2-x)O(4) ferrites (with x = 0.00-0.09) were prepared by a simple method using metal nitrates and freshly extracted egg white. The proper calcination temperature for ferrites formation was estimated using thermo-gravimetry technique (TG). The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) measurements. XRD of the powders calcined at 550 degrees C for 2 h showed single-phase crystalline cubic ferrites with crystallite sizes in the range 17.2-21.6 nm. Both the lattice parameter and X-ray density are found to increase by the addition of rare earth ion. TEM image showed agglomerated nano-particles with irregular sizes and shapes. FT-IR spectra showed two absorption bands (nu(1) and nu(2)) attributed to stretching vibration of tetrahedral and octahedral complex Fe(3+)-O(2-), respectively. The shifting of the nu(2) band towards lower frequencies indicates the preference of lanthanum ions to occupy the octahedral sites. The effect of La-substitution on the magnetic properties was studied using vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and susceptibility measurements. The decrease in the saturation magnetization with increasing La content can be attributed to the decreasing of Fe(3+)-Fe(3+) interactions in the octahedral sites. Coercivity shows size dependent behavior due to the combination of surface effect and surface anisotropy. The obvious decrease in the Curie temperature (T(C)) with increasing La content indicates that the highly paramagnetic character of La(3+) ions decreases the ferromagnetic region at the expense of the paramagnetic one. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.

Title: Tri-, tetra- and pentapeptidoylbenzotriazoles: novel synthetic intermediates
Authors: Abdelmajeid, A (Abdelmajeid, Abdelmotaal)[ 1,2 ] ; Tala, SR (Tala, Srinivasa R.)[ 1 ] ; Amine, MS (Amine, M. S.)[ 2 ] ; Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1,3 ]
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Conveniently synthesized novel N-(protected alpha-tri-, tetra-and pentapeptidoyl)benzotriazoles couple in aqueous acetonitrile solution at 0 degrees C with free amino acids, dipeptides, and tripeptides to afford N-terminal-protected polypeptides (61-92%) including those containing unprotected OH, SH, and indole NH groups, with no detectable racemization.

Title: Growth of a gas bubble in a supersaturated liquid under the effect of variant cases of surface tension
Authors: Mohammadein, SA (Mohammadein, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; Mohamed, KG (Mohamed, K. G.)[ 2 ]
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In this paper, the growth of a gas bubble in a supersaturated liquid is discussed for a constant and variable cases of surface tension effect. The mathematical model is solved analytically by using the method of Plesset and Zwick(18) after modified it. The growth process is affected by: diffusion coefficient D, Jacob number J(a), surface tension sigma, adjustment factor b and void fraction phi(0). The famous formula of Plesset and Zwick is produced as a special case of the results at some values of the adjustment factors. Moreover, for some values of the adjustment factors, good approximation is obtained when a comparison between our results and the result that produced by Hashemi et al.,(9) who solved the problem with the method of combining variables.

Title: Adverse effects of dimethyl disulphide on sciatic nerve of swiss albino mice
Authors: Essawy, AE (Essawy, Amina E.)[ 1,2 ] ; Abdel-Moneim, AM (Abdel-Moneim, Ashraf M.)[ 1,3 ] ; Gaaboub, IA (Gaaboub, Ibrahim A.)[ 4 ] ; El-Sayed, SA (El-Sayed, Soad A.)[ 1 ]
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The plant-derived insecticides have introduced a new concept in insecticide research. In response to insect attack, some plants can release volatile compounds in the atmosphere, which are lethal for the generalist insects. In this study, changes in the ultrastructure and electrical activity of mice sciatic nerve were examined after acute exposure to dimethyl disulphide (DMDS), a sulfur compound released from Allium porrum. Animals were exposed to 1/4 LC(50) of DMDS (0.375 mu l/l air) and tissue samples were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. Degeneration in the myelin sheath and axon, decrease in the number of microtubules and neurofilaments, and evident damage in the mitochondria were observed. On the other hand, the effect of application of 1/4 LC(50) of DMDS on the electrical activity of the sciatic nerve in mice showed that the number and amplitude of most of the spikes were less than that recorded in the control mice. The observed mammalian toxicity requires serious attention regarding a possible use of DMDS for pest control.

Title: Hydrothermal synthesis of cobalt carbonates using different counter ions: an efficient precursor to nano-sized cobalt oxide (co3o4)
Authors: Nassar, MY (Nassar, M. Y.)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, I. S.)[ 1 ]
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Synthesis of submicrometer crystalline particles of cobalt carbonate was achieved hydrothermally using different cobalt salts and urea with a molar ratio from 1:3 to 1:20 (cobalt salt:urea) in aqueous solutions at 160 degrees C for 24-36 h, in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a surfactant. Nanoparticles of Co3O4, with an average size from 30 to 39 nm, were obtained by thermal decomposition of CoCO4 samples at 500 degrees C for 3 h in an electrical furnace. The as-synthesized products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis spectra and thermal analysis. Studying the optical properties of the as-prepared cobalt oxide nanoparticles showed the presence of two band gaps, the values of which confirmed the semiconducting properties of the prepared Co3O4. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Photophysical parameters and fluorescence quenching of 7-diethylaminocoumarin (deac) laser dye
Authors: El-Mossaamy, EH (El-Mossaamy, E. H.)[ 1,3 ] ; Obaid, AY (Obaid, A. Y.)[ 1 ] ; El-Daly, SA (El-Daly, S. A.)[ 2 ]
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The optical properties including electronic absorption spectrum, emission spectrum, fluorescence quantum yield, and dipole moment of electronic transition of 7-diethylaminocoumarin (DEAC) laser dye have been measured in different solvents. Both electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra are red shifted as the polarity of the medium increases, indicating that the dipole moment of molecule increases on excitation. The fluorescence quantum yield of DEAC decreases as the polarity of solvent increases, a result of the role of solvent polarity in stabilization of the twisting of the intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) in excited state, which is a non-emissive state, as well as hydrogen bonding with the hetero-atom of dye. The emission spectrum of DEAC has also been measured in cationic (CTAC) and anionic (SOS) micelles, the intensity increases as the concentration of surfactant increases, and an abrupt change in emission intensity is observed at critical micelle concentration (CMC) of surfactant. 2 x 10(-3) mol dm(-3) of DEAC gives laser emission in the blue region on pumping with nitrogen laser (lambda(ex) = 337.1 nm). The laser parameters such as tuning range, gain coefficient (alpha), emission cross section (sigma(e)), and half-life energy have been calculated in different solvents, namely acetone, dioxane, ethanol, and dimethyforamide (DMF). The photoreactivity of DEAC has been studied in CCl(4) at a wavelength of 366 nm. The values of photochemical yield (phi(c)) and rate constant (k) are determined. The interaction of organic acceptors such as picric acid (PA), tetracyanoethylene (TCNE), and 7,7,8,8-tetracynoquinone-dimethane (TCNQ) with DEAC is also studied using fluorescence measurements in acetonitrile (CH(3)CN); from fluorescence quenching study we assume the possible electron transfer from excited donor DEAC to organic acceptor forming non-emissive exciplex. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Neutral dyeing of wool and wool/polyester blend fabrics using sulphatoethylsulphone reactive-disperse dyes
Authors: Mousa, AA (Mousa, A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Youssef, YA (Youssef, Y. A.)[ 1 ] ; Farouk, R (Farouk, R.)[ 1 ] ; Ayiesh, TM (Ayiesh, T. M.)[ 2 ] ; Arief, MH (Arief, M. H.)[ 2 ]
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Two models of temporarily anionic sulphatoethylsulphone reactive disperse dyes were applied to wool, polyester and wool/polyester blend fabrics at different dyeing pH. Maximum exhaustion values and colour yield were observed at pH 7. The results showed that reactive disperse dyes containing bis-sulphatoethylsulphone reactive groups were more convenient for neutral dyeing of wool and wool/polyester blend fabrics if compared with a dye containing a mono-sulphatoethylsulphone group. Excellent to very good wet fastness properties on all dyed fabrics were achieved.

Title: Transpressional zones in ophiolitic melange terranes: potential exploration targets for gold in the south eastern desert, egypt
Authors: Zoheir, B (Zoheir, Basem)
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Gold-bearing quartz carbonate veins at the El-Anbat mine area, in the South Eastern Desert of Egypt, are associated with pervasively silicified, highly sheared ophiolitic and island arc rocks. Structural analysis of the shear fabrics along the ore zones indicate that geometry of the mineralized quartz veins and alteration patterns are controlled by the regional, NNW-trending zone of transpression, known as the Wadi Kharit-Wadi Hodein shear system, which is related to the 655-540 Ma, Najd strike-slip fault system in the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Microscopic and electron microprobe studies reveal that gold is chemically bound in Aspyrite, arsenopyrite, and gersdorffite, while free-milling gold is rarely observed in the quartz veins and silicified host rocks. Hydrothermal alteration could have liberated additional traces of gold from early pyrrhotite disseminated in listvenite. Geochemical studies reveal that shear zones associated with lenticular masses of porphyritic granite in the middle of the transpression zone are heavily mineralized (ppm levels) compared with other parts of the alteration zone. Where no granite is observed, low-grade zones (ppb levels) of gold mineralization occur in the highly deformed serpentinite and metavolcaniclastic rocks. Mass balance calculations suggest that hydrothermal fluids infiltrated under brittle-ductile shear conditions led to addition of Au, As, Cu, Rb, and Sb, concurrent with silicification, carbonatization and sericitization of the host rocks. Dispersion of gold and associated pathfinder elements is reported in altered rocks beyond the lode zone, indicating the potential for extensive, low-grade zones outside the already known El-Anbat mine location. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis, thermal and spectral characterization of nanosized nixmg1-xal2o4 powders as new ceramic pigments via combustion route using 3-methylpyrozole-5-one as fuel
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, Ibrahim S.)[ 1 ] ; Shama, SA (Shama, Sayed A.)[ 1 ] ; Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, Hassan A.)[ 1 ] ; Ali, AA (Ali, Ayman A.)[ 1 ]
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New NixMg1-xAl2O4 nanosized in different composition (0.1

Title: Quantum mechanical study of substituted phenoxathiin ii: a study of the structure of phenoxathiin diazonium compounds
Authors: El-karim, IAG (El-karim, Iman A. Gad)
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The structure of phenoxathiin diazonium compounds is studied to deduce the effect exerted by the alpha- and pi-electron withdrawing properties of the diazonium group on the puckered phenoxathiin nucleus. The study predicts and analyzes the configuration of several yet to be synthesized phenoxathiin diazonium compounds. The ab initio method at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d) basis set level of calculation is employed in this study. The diazonium group is predicted to induce noticeable changes on the geometry of the phenoxathiin nucleus, that are reflected on the puckering angle Phi(c) of phenoxathiin. The magnitude of the change is found to be dependent on the position of the diazonium group with respect to the sulfur atom of the central heterocyclic ring. Substitution at the 1-position, ortho to the sulfur induces the least flattening effect on the nucleus, while substitution at the 3- position, para to the sulfur induces the highest flattening. Introduction of a second diazonium group enhances these effects. Phenoxathiin-1, 9-bis(diazonium) is found to be the most puckered. On the other hand phenoxathiin-3,7-bis(diazonium), phenoxathiin-4,6-bis(diazonium), phenoxathiin-1,4-bis(diazonium), and phenoxathiin-2,3-bis(diazonium) are predicted to be absolutely planar. The inversion barriers for the puckered molecules under study are found to be quite small: ranging between 0.0012 and 0.92 kcal/mol. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Phenazone and aminophenazone as corrosion inhibitors for aluminum in hcl solution
Authors: Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 2 ] ; Mohamed, TY (Mohamed, T. Y.)[ 2 ] ; Fouad, E (Fouad, E.)[ 1 ]
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The corrosion behavior of aluminum in 1 M HCl solution in the absence and presence of phenazone and aminophenazone was investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The results of these techniques show that, the inhibition efficiency of these compounds depends on their concentration and chemical structure. The inhibitive action of these compounds was discussed in terms of blocking the electrode surface by adsorption of the molecules through the active centers contained in their structure. The adsorption process was found to obey Temkin isotherm model. The effect of temperature on the rate of corrosion in the absence and presence of these compounds was also, studied. Some activated thermodynamic parameters were computed and discussed. Potentiodynamic polarization data indicated that these compounds act as cathodic type inhibitors. From impedance data it is found that the corrosion of aluminum is controlled by charge transfer process at all concentrations of inhibitors. Quantum chemical parameters were constructed in order to characterize the inhibition performance of the tested molecules.

Title: Utility of solid-phase spectrophotometry to determine trace amounts of zinc in environmental and biological samples
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)
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A solid-phase spectrophotometric analysis has been proposed for preconcentration and determination of Zn(II) in real samples. The procedure is based on sorption of zinc(II) as 5-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-8-hydroxyquinoline (BTAHQ) complex on dextran-type anion-exchange gel (Sephadex DEAE A-25). The influences of the analytical parameters, including pH of the aqueous solution, amounts of BTAHQ and sample volume, were investigated. The absorbance of the gel at 675 and 750 nm, packed in a 1.0-mm cell, was measured directly. The molar absorptivities were found to be 2.50 x 10(7) and 9.55 x 10(7) L mol(-1) cm(-1) for 500 and 1000 ml, respectively. Calibration was linear over the range of 0.05-1.10 mu g L(-1) with a relative standard deviation of less than 1.60% (n = 10). The detection and quantification limits of the 500-ml sample method were 12 and 40 ng L(-1) on using 50 mg. For the 1000-ml sample, the detection and quantification limits were 7.5 and 25 ng L(-1) using a 50-mg exchanger. Increasing the sample volume can enhance sensitivity. No considerable interferences were observed from other investigated anions and cations on the Zn(II) determination. The proposed method was applied to determine zinc in environmental samples, including natural water, food, certified reference materials, meat, and biological samples, comparing the results simultaneously with those obtained using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer, whereby the validity of the method was tested. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Design, synthesis, and biological activity of a novel series of 2,5-disubstituted furans/pyrroles as hiv-1 fusion inhibitors targeting gp41
Authors: iang, SB (Jiang, Shibo)[ 1 ] ; Tala, SR (Tala, Srinivasa R.)[ 2 ] ; Lu, H (Lu, Hong)[ 1 ] ; Zou, P (Zou, Peng)[ 1 ] ; Avan, I (Avan, Ilker)[ 2,3 ] ; Ibrahim, TS (Ibrahim, Tarek S.)[ 2,4 ] ; Abo-Dya, NE (Abo-Dya, Nader E.)[ 2,4 ] ; Abdelmajeid, A (Abdelmajeid, Abdelmotaal)[ 2,5 ] ; Debnath, AK (Debnath, Asim K.)[ 1 ] ; Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 2,6 ]
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Based on molecular docking analysis of earlier results, we designed a series of 2,5-disubstituted furans/pyrroles (5a-h) as HIV-1 entry inhibitors. Compounds were synthesized by Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling, followed by a Knoevenagel condensation or Wittig reaction. Four of these compounds were found to be effective in inhibiting HIV-1 infection, with the best compounds being 5f and 5h, which exhibited significant inhibition on HIV-1(IIIB) infection at micromolar levels with low cytotoxicity. These compounds are also effective in blocking HIV-1 mediated cell-cell fusion and the gp41 six-helix bundle formation, suggesting that they are also HIV-1 fusion inhibitors targeting gp41 and have potential to be developed as a new class of anti-HIV-1 agents. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Biochemical and molecular investigations on prime mechanisms of induced resistance in french bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) and soybean (glycine max l.)
Authors: El Rabey, H (El Rabey, Haddad)[ 1,2 ] ; Abdallah, S (Abdallah, Suzan)[ 3 ] ; Ahmed, A (Ahmed, Attia)[ 3 ]
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The prime mechanisms of induced resistance in French bean and soybean plants were investigated against three pathogenic fungi, namely Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli, Fusarium solani f. sp. glycine and Colletotricum lindemothianum. This latter fungal pathogen was chosen for a comparative purpose, as it represents a non related genus of the main fungal pathogens used in this study. The efficacy of the induced resistance was tested using four different incubation temperatures ( 20, 25, 30 and 35 C), in combination, with the use of the non pathogenic Fusarium, isolated from potatoes, served as an inducer or elicitor for 4 h and, subsequently, the challenged hypocotyls were inoculated with the pathogenic isolate of F. solani f. sp. phaseoli in all the pathosystems tested in this study. Among the tested cultivars, Nebraska was moderately resistant and Crowford was moderately susceptible to Fusarium infection, whereas the other tested cultivars were susceptible. randomly amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD) fingerprinting profiles characterized the tested cultivars and pathogens genomes, whereas SDS protein electrophoresis showed the newly induced proteins as a result of prime mechanisms of induced resistance.

Title: Growth of a gas bubble in a supersaturated and slightly compressible liquid at low mach number
Authors: Mohammadein, SA (Mohammadein, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; Mohamed, KG (Mohamed, K. G.)[ 2 ]
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In this paper, the growth of a gas bubble in a supersaturated and slightly compressible liquid is discussed. The mathematical model is solved analytically by using the modified Plesset and Zwick method. The growth process is affected by: sonic speed in the liquid, polytropic exponent, diffusion coefficient, initial concentration difference, surface tension, viscosity, adjustment factor and void fraction. The famous formula of Plesset and Zwick is produced as a special case of the result at some values of the adjustment factor. Moreover, the resultant formula is implemented to the case of the growth of underwater gas bubble.

Title: Effect of starving and feeding on some haematological and physiological responses of the nile catfish, clarias gariepinus exposed to copper at extreme seasons
Authors: Abdel-Hameid, NAH (Abdel-Hameid, Nassr-Allah H.)
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The lethal concentration for 50% of fish for 96h (96h LC(50)) of copper (Cu(2+)) was estimated for the Nile catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in extreme seasons, winter and summer, 4.31 and 4.79 mg/l, respectively. The Nile catfish was exposed to 96h LC(50) of copper for 7 days in extreme winter and summer. The body indices, haematological parameters as well as some plasma and liver enzyme activities and metabolite level were significantly differed in fish exposed to copper over than those of the control fish. Most of the tested parameters were not significantly different between the control fish of winter and summer (winter, water temperature 18 +/- A 2A degrees C and summer, 27 +/- A 2A degrees C). The effect of two ration sizes on copper toxicity in two different seasons on C. gariepinus was justified. It was found that the haematological parameters and the tested plasma activities of enzymes were significantly valid due to season differences. The blood parameters as well as plasma activities of enzymes were significantly differed in fishes fed elevated ration (3%) and exposed to copper challenge. On the other hand, the exploit of low feeding ration (0.5%) along with copper exposure during the examined seasons induced non-significant differences of the tested parameters, from those of the corresponding control. Therefore, the low feeding ration provides some tolerance against the possible water-borne copper exposure.

Title: Mhd flow and heat transfer of a micropolar fluid over a nonlinear stretching surface with variable surface heat flux and heat generation
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Waheed, SE (Waheed, Shimaa E.)[ 1 ]
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An analysis has been carried out to study magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting micropolar fluid over a nonlinear stretching surface with variable wall heat flux in the presence of heat generation/absorption and a non-uniform transverse magnetic field. The governing system of partial differential equations is first transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation. The transformed equations are solved numerically. Results for the dimensionless velocity, micro-rotation, and temperature profiles are displayed graphically delineating the effects of various parameters characterising the flow. The results show that the velocity profile decreases as the magnetic parameter and the velocity exponent increase, while it increases as the material parameter increases. The results show also that the temperature profile increases as the magnetic parameter, the velocity exponent, and the heat generation parameter increase. Furthermore, the temperature profile decreases as the material parameter, the heat absorption parameter, and the Prandtl number increase.

Title: Adsorption and spin state properties of cr, ni, mo, and pt deposited on li+ and na+ monovalent cation impurities of mgo (001) surface: dft calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, Ahmad S.)[ 1 ] ; Assem, MM (Assem, Mervat M.)[ 1 ] ; Soliman, KA (Soliman, Kamal A.)[ 1 ]
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We have analyzed, by means of density functional theory calculations and the embedded cluster model, the adsorption and spin-state properties of Cr, Ni, Mo, and Pt deposited on a MgO crystal. We considered deposition at the Mg2+ site of a defect-free surface and at Li+ and Na+ sites of impurity-containing surfaces. To avoid artificial polarization effects, clusters of moderate sizes with no border anions were embedded in simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces. The interaction between a transition metal atom and a surface results from a competition between Hund's rule for the adsorbed atom and the formation of a chemical bond at the interface. We found that the adsorption energies of the metal atoms are significantly enhanced by the cation impurities, and the adsorption energies of the low-spin states of spin-quenched complexes are always more favorable than those of the high-spin states. Spin polarization effects tend to preserve the spin states of the adsorbed atoms relative to those of the isolated atoms. The metal-support interactions stabilize the low-spin states of the adsorbed metals with respect to the isolated metals, but the effect is not always enough to quench the spin. Spin quenching occurs for Cr and Mo complexes at the Mg2+ site of the pure surface and at Li+ and Na+ sites of the impurity-containing surfaces. Variations of the spin-state properties of free metals and of the adsorption and spin-state properties of metal complexes are correlated with the energies of the frontier orbitals. The electrostatic potential energy curves provide further understanding of the nature of the examined properties.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of mnox/tio2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic oxidation of indigo carmine dye
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar); Othman, I (Othman, I.); Mohamed, RM (Mohamed, R. M.)
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Manganese (10 wt.%) supported on titania synthesized by sol-gel (Mn/TiO2SG) and impregnation (Mn/TiO2D-imp) methods in addition to their precursors TiO2SG and TiO2D (Degussa) materials were characterized by measuring the surface texturing, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, particle size (analyzer) and electrophoretic mobility (zeta potential). These materials were tested for adsorption and mineralization (in the presence of UV irradiation) of indigo carmine (IC) dye. Through comparison of the results, the photocatalytic degradation of Mn/TiO2D-imp p indicated the highest activity (98%) comparatively. This was due to 34% of the support titania is covered by Mn species in Mn/TiO2D-imp mainly as Mn2O3 moieties, as validated from IR results (605, 714 cm(-1)). On the other hand, Mn in Mn/TiO2SG was incorporated in titania lattice mainly in tetrahedral coordination sites as beta-MnO2 (655, 693 cm(-1)) and only exposes surface coverage comprises of 10%. The adsorption of IC dye onto TiO2D was considerably higher (88%) than rest of materials due to increasing OH groups, large surface to volume ratio and moderate pore radius (33) that was accessible to facile IC diffusion. TiO2SG and Mn/TiO2SG presented lower activity either in adsorption and photocatalysis compared with Mn/TiO2D-imp. There is no apparent size effect on IC degradation over former catalysts since they have comparable values (48-43 nm). The influence of time on the decolorization rate of IC on Mn/TiO2-Dimp was thoroughly investigated and well pH regulated and correlated with ZPC of MnOx species and surface properties. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Title: Nonlinear rolling of a biased ship in a regular beam wave under external and parametric excitations
Authors: El-Bassiouny, AF (El-Bassiouny, Atef F.)
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We consider a nonlinear oscillator simultaneously excited by external and parametric functions. The oscillator has a bias parameter that breaks the symmetry of the motion. The example that we use to illustrate the problem is the rolling oscillation of a biased ship in longitudinal waves, but many mechanical systems display similar features. The analysis took into consideration linear, quadratic, cubic, quintic, and seven terms in the polynomial expansion of the relative roll angle. The damping moment consists of the linear term associated with radiation and viscous damping and a cubic term due to frictional resistance and eddies behind bilge keels and hard bilge corners. Two methods (the averaging and the multiple time scales) are used to investigate the first-order approximate analytical solution. The modulation equations of the amplitudes and phases are obtained. These equations are used to obtain the stationary state. The stability of the proposed solution is determined applying Liapunov's first method. Effects of different parameters on the system behaviour are investigated numerically. Results are presented graphically and discussed. The results obtained by two methods are in excellent agreement.

Title: Structural and electrical properties of zinc-substituted cobalt ferrite
Authors: Bayoumi, W (Bayoumi, Wafaa)
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Polycrystalline samples of Co1-x Zn (x) Fe2O4 with stoichiometric proportion (x) varying from 0.0 to 1.0 were prepared through the thermal decomposition of their respective oxalates. The samples were calcined at 1000 degrees C for 3 h and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Mossbauer spectroscopy techniques. The study of the cation distribution using Mossbauer spectroscopy showed that the ions at the tetrahedral site moved to the octahedral site by the addition of zinc and that the system varied from an inverse to a normal spinel structure. The values of the lattice parameter, X-ray density, oxygen parameter, inversion factor and radii of tetrahedral and octahedral sites were calculated using X-ray diffraction data. The temperature dependence of the conductivity showed a definite kink, except for the ZnFe2O4 sample, which can be attributed to the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transitions. The calculated activation energy in the paramagnetic region was found to be smaller than that in the ferromagnetic region.

Title: Synthesis and evaluation of some surface active agents from long chain fatty amine
Authors: Eissa, AMF (Eissa, A. M. F.)
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This study continues our series of synthesis of surface active agents containing heterocyclic moiety. N-Heptadecanoyl-3-(4-oxo-4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-2-yl)- acrylamide (4) was used as a new starting material to synthesize propenoxylated nonionic surface active agents having heterocycles such as (thiazole, triazole, benzoxazine, quinazoline, triazine, and oxazine). The structures of the prepared compounds were elucidated by using spectroscopic tools (IR, H-1 NMR and Mass spectroscopy). Physical properties such as surface and interfacial tension, cloud point, foaming height, wetting time, emulsification power and critical micelle concentration (CIVIC) were determined. Antimicrobial and biodegradability properties were also screened. It was found that the produced novel groups of nonionic surface active agents have pronounced surface properties and good antimicrobial activities.

Title: The tectono-metamorphic evolution of the central part of the neoproterozoic allaqi-heiani suture, south eastern desert of egypt
Authors: Zoheir, BA (Zoheir, Basem A.)[ 1 ] ; Klemm, DD (Klemm, Dietrich D.)[ 2 ]
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The Precambrian basement of the Um El Tuyor area represents the central part of the ca. 750-720 Ma Allaqi-Heiani suture in the extreme south of the Egyptian Eastern Desert. It is composed of allochtonous ophiolitic thrust slices and detached sheets, island arc metavolcanic-volcanoclastic and metasedimentary assemblages, and syn- to post-orogenic granitoid intrusions. These rocks are collectively referred to as a fold-and-thrust belt in view of their deformational styles, and as ophiolites and their lithologic association are concerned. Structural analysis reveals three major deformation events, namely: (a) D I: an early thrust-and-fold system, through which overturned to recumbent folds and major thrusts were developed and later overprinted by a sinistral transpression, (b) D2: a NE-SW-compressional regime that deformed the D1 structures by major folds (F-2) and penetrative axial planar NW-SE foliations (S-2) and associated major NW-SE sinistral faults and shear zone, and (c) D3: a late ENE-WSW compressional strain increment expressed by a series of NNW-SSE striking folds and crenulations (F3). Related right-lateral NNW-SSE strike slip faults and discrete brittle-ductile shear zones indicate a later transcurrent shear which is best developed in the metasedimentary successions. Mineral associations and porphyroblast-matrix fabrics in the pelitic metasediments indicate three phases of regional metamorphism (M1 -> M3), syn-kinematic with D1, D2 and D3 respectively. Based on the petrographic and microprobe data, the peak metamorphic conditions were attained at 534 degrees-561 degrees C/5.26-6.20 kbar, under which garnet, staurolite and sillimanite coexisted during D2. Although associated with the most significant metamorphic event, D2 corresponds roughly to a late collisional stage (650-620 Ma) during which the accreted Pan-African terrains attached to the East Saharan Craton. This is further confirmed by the D2-related sinistral strike slip faults that affiliate to the ca. 630540 Ma Najd strike slip fault system in the Arabian-Nubian Shield. Criteria including an anticipated fold-thrust vergence generally to northwesterly directions, discrete mesoscopic duplexes, shear bands, and minor folds and thrust zones all indicate that the ophiolites were emplaced roughly from northwest to southeast. However, deformation of the ophiolite basal contacts and associated fabrics argue that the northwestward rooting of the ophiolitic massif in the study area cannot be considered as a criterion for the original direction of tectonic transport, which was likely from north to south if the entire Allaqi-Heiani belt is considered. Such deviation is best attributed to rotation through deformation by the N-S Hamisana shear zone. This principally agrees with the tectonic evolution of the Arabian-Nubian Shield in south Egypt proposed previously, which includes an early N-S arc-arc collision followed by a stage of E-W crustal shortening. (C) 2006 International Association for Gondwana Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: A simple route to synthesis and characterization of coal2o4 nanocrystalline via combustion method using egg white (ovalbumine) as a new fuel
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, Ibrahim S.)
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Single phase of CoAl2O4 nanocrystalline spinel has been synthesized first time successively by combustion method using extracted egg white (ovalbumine) as new fuel. The prepared samples were characterized using XRD, TGA, DSC, TEM, BET, IR, UV-Vis and CIE L*a*b* colorimetric method. The average particle sizes were in the range 10.45-26.58 nm and fine agglomerates in a way that specific surface area up to 188.55 m(2) g(-1) could be obtained. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Extractive spectrophotometric determination of anti-inflammatory drug nimesulide in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma
Authors: Saber, AL (Saber, Amr Lotfy)[ 1,2 ] ; El-Sayed, GO (El-Sayed, Gamal Owes)[ 3 ]
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The goal of the present work is to develop simple, rapid, and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric methods for the assay of nimesulide in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma. The methods depend on the formation of colored ion-pair complexes between nimesulide and Five different reagents, bromocresol green (BCG), bromocresol purple (BCP), bromothymol blue (BTB), brilliant blue G (BBG) and methyl orange (MO) in Britton-Robinson buffer solutions of pH 2.0 - 3.5. The colored products were extracted in chloroform and absorbance measured at 412, 410, 407, 502 and 482 nm, respectively. The analytical parameters and their effects on the reported systems were investigated. The extracts are intensely colored and very stable at room temperature. The calibration graphs were linear over the concentration range of 2 - 18 mu g/mL for BCG, BTB and BBG, 2 - 16 mu g/mL for BCP and 2 - 14 mu g/mL for MO. The stoichiometry of the reaction was found to be 1 : 1 in all cases and the conditional stability constant (K-f) of the complexes were calculated. The proposed methods were successfully extended to pharmaceutical preparations in tablet form. Excipients used as additives in commercial formulations did not interfere with the analysis. The proposed methods can be recommended for quality control and routine analysis where time, cost effectiveness and high specificity of the analytical technique are of great importance.

Title: Stigmasterol seed treatment alleviates the drastic effect of nacl and improves quality and yield in flax plants
Authors: Hashem, HA (Hashem, H. A.)[ 1 ] ; Bassuony, FM (Bassuony, F. M.)[ 2 ] ; Hassanein, RA (Hassanein, R. A.)[ 1 ] ; Baraka, DM (Baraka, D. M.)[ 2 ] ; Khalil, RR (Khalil, R. R.)[ 2 ]
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A few years of stigmasterol research brought into light several vital functions of this new group of phytohormone in plant growth and development. New discoveries of the physiological properties of stigmasterol allow us to consider it as a highly promising, environmentally-friendly natural substance suitable for a wide application in plant protection and yield promotion in agriculture. In the present work we studied the effect of flax seed soaking in stigmaterol (200 ppm) on growth, hormonal contents, total phenol, phenylalanin ammonia lyase (PAL) activity, in addition to fiber composition, yield components and the quality of the yielded seeds and fibers of Linum usitatissimum L.cv. Sakha 2 plants grown under different salinity levels. We proved that stigmasterol is phytohormone with a pleiotropic effect. It has a promotive effect on growth, hormonal contents, PAL activity, fiber quality, seed oil content and all the yield characteristics under normal conditions of growth. Moreover, stigmasterol improves the nutritional value and the economic importance of the flax seed oil by increasing linolenic acid and oleic acid contents. It also helped to overcome stress provoked by NaCl as we reported that seed soaking in stigmasterol gives plants some halophytic characteristics which enable the plant to partially alleviate the drastic effect of all the used concentrations of NaCl.

Title: Radial basis function neural network model for mean velocity and vorticity of capillary flow
Authors: El-Bakry, MY (El-Bakry, Mostafa Y.)
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The radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) simulation has been designed to simulate and predict the mean velocity of capillary flow in transition from laminar to turbulent flow and the root-mean-square vorticity as a function of wall-normal position at different values of Reynolds number. The system was trained on the available data of the two cases. Therefore, we designed the system to work in automatic way for finding the best network that has the ability to have the best test and prediction. The proposed system shows an excellent agreement with that of an experimental data in these cases. The technique has been also designed to simulate the other distributions not presented in the training set and predicted them with effective matching. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Title: Thermal radiation effects on the flow and heat transfer in a liquid film on an unsteady stretching sheet
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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The influence of thermal radiation on the flow and heat transfer within Newtonian liquid film over an unsteady stretching sheet with and without thermocapillarity is examined. The governing non-linear partial differential equations describing the problem are reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation, which is solved numerically for different values of the thermal radiation parameter and the thermocapillarity parameter. The results show that the dimensionless velocity, the film thickness and the local Nusselt number increase as the thermocapillarity parameter increases, while the free surface temperature decreases with increasing the thermocapillarity parameter. Also, both the dimensionless temperature and the free surface temperature increase and the local Nusselt number decreases as the thermal radiation parameter increases. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline pbtio3
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, Mohamed Abd El-Fattah)[ 1,2 ]
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Nanocrystalline PbTiO3 in tetragonal form has been successfully prepared via a newly developed environmentally friendly coprecipitation process. The formation process of lead titanate from the PbC2O4 center dot TiO2 precursor was monitored using DTA-TG, XRD, FT-IR, and TEM techniques. XRD showed the phase transition of less stable tetragonal PbO decomposition intermediate to a more stable orthorhombic structure by raising the calcination temperature. For the precursor calcined at 600 degrees C, only XRD lines characteristic of nanocrystalline tetragonal PbTiO3 are detected. TEM of PbTiO3 nanocrystals showed agglomerates with diameters in the range 85-90 nm. Consistent with the TEM result, the grain size estimated using surface area measurements indicated a high degree of particle agglomeration. FT-IR measurements gave results which are in close agreement with those revealed by XRD technique. The ac conductivity of PbTiO3 depends on the dielectric property. The kinetics of the nonisothermal TG curves for the precursor decomposition was carried out assuming various solid-state-reaction models and applying three different computational methods. The data analysis showed that the presence of TiO2 during oxalate decomposition reaction does not alter the decomposition mechanism; it drastically affects the activation parameter values.

Title: Physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics of pozzolanic cement pastes and mortars hydrated at different curing temperatures
Authors: Abd-El Aziz, MA (Abd-El Aziz, M. A.)[ 3 ] ; El Aleem, SA (El Aleem, S. Abd)[ 2 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 1 ]
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The effect of elevated curing temperature on the properties of cement mortars is vital for heat resistance. Addition of pozzolanas, such as slag, to type I cement is known to increase heat resistance. In this study, OPC was partially substituted by two types of slag (WCS and ACS) in the ratios of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt.%. The cement mortars were cured for 120 days at different curing temperature from 25 to 100 degrees C. The results show that, elevated curing temperatures improves the early age strength in the all cement mortars. Also, the results indicated that, the pozzolanic cement mortars gives higher compressive strength than the plain cement mortars, especially at curing temperatures above 35 degrees C. Therefore, slag pozzolanic cement mortars can be beneficially used in the hot conditions. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Spectroscopic studies of hydroxyapatite in pvp/pva polymeric matrix as biomaterial
Authors: Elashmawi, IS (Elashmawi, I. S.)[ 1 ] ; Baieth, HEA (Baieth, H. E. Abdel)[ 2 ]
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This system is focusing on characterization and spectroscopic studies of PVA and PVP blend and the blend filled with various mass fractions (2.5, 5 and 10%) of HAp because it has great potential for applications in the medical purposes. The films have been prepared by solution casting technique. The characteristic properties of the films were examined by FT-IR, X-ray, SEM, TGA and DSC techniques from room temperature to 500 degrees C. XRD scans reveal the semicrystalline nature of the prepared films and demonstrated that complexation between the blend and the HAp were occur. SEM and thermal studies confirmed these results. Three main weight loss regions were observed in TGA thermograms that reveal reduction in the thermal stability of the prepared samples as HAp content increases. Three main transition peaks were observed in DSC with a single T(g) which indicates a good miscibility of the films. The ratio Ca:P is 1.65:1 which confirm the formation of hydroxyapatite. So, the present work can be used in various bio-applications. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

Title: Optimization and validation of spectrophotometric methods for determination of finasteride in dosage and biological forms.
Authors: Amin, Alaa S; Kassem, Mohammed A
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AIM AND BACKGROUND: Three simple, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric methods for the determination of finasteride in pure, dosage and biological forms, and in the presence of its oxidative degradates were developed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: These methods are indirect, involve the addition of excess oxidant potassium permanganate for method A; cerric sulfate [Ce(SO4)2] for methods B; and N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) for method C of known concentration in acid medium to finasteride, and the determination of the unreacted oxidant by measurement of the decrease in absorbance of methylene blue for method A, chromotrope 2R for method B, and amaranth for method C at a suitable maximum wavelength, lambdamax: 663, 528, and 520 nm, for the three methods, respectively. The reaction conditions for each method were optimized. RESULTS: Regression analysis of the Beer plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges of 0.12-3.84 mug mL-1 for method A, and 0.12-3.28 mug mL-1 for method B and 0.14 - 3.56 mug mL-1 for method C. The apparent molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits were evaluated. The stoichiometric ratio between the finasteride and the oxidant was estimated. The validity of the proposed methods was tested by analyzing dosage forms and biological samples containing finasteride with relative standard deviation ≤ 0.95. CONCLUSION: The proposed methods could successfully determine the studied drug with varying excess of its oxidative degradation products, with recovery between 99.0 and 101.4, 99.2 and 101.6, and 99.6 and 101.0% for methods A, B, and C, respectively.

Title: Dietary vitamin e requirement for maximizing the growth, conversion efficiency, biochemical composition and haematological status of fingerling channa punctatus
Authors: Abdel-Hameid, NAH (Abdel-Hameid, Nassr-Allah H.)[ 2 ] ; Abidi, SF (Abidi, Shabi Fatma)[ 1 ] ; Khan, MA (Khan, Mukhtar A.)[ 1 ]
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The effect of feeding graded levels of vitamin E (E0, E20, E40, E60, E100, E140, E180, E220, E260) in nine caseingelatin-based isonitrogenous (450 g kg-1 crude protein) and isoenergetic (17.97 kJ g-1 gross energy) experimental diets was evaluated in fingerling Channa punctatus for 12 weeks. Growth, nutritional and haematological parameters were studied. Hepatic lipid peroxidation as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) was also assayed. The maximum absolute weight gain (AWG g/fish, 55), best feed conversion ratio (FCR, 1.32), protein retention efficiency (PRE, 40%) and energy retention efficiency (ERE, 76%) were achieved in fish fed on a diet supplemented with 140 mg vitamin E kg-1 diet (E140). A consistent decline in the hepatic TBARS concentration and an improvement in haematocrit (Hct) and haemoglobin (Hb) were displayed in fish fed on diets with increasing concentrations of vitamin E up to 140 mg kg-1 (E0E140), beyond which (E180E260) a reverse trend in these parameters was evident. Based on the broken-line regression and exponential analyses of AWG, FCR, PRE, ERE, Hb and Hct data, diets for fingerling C. punctatus should contain vitamin E in the range of 140169 mg kg-1 to maintain satisfactory fish performance.

Title: Synthesis and thermal characteristics of n-(thiazol-2-yl)methacrylamide-acrylonitrile copolymers
Authors: El-Hamouly, SH (El-Hamouly, S. H.)[ 1 ] ; Azab, MM (Azab, M. M.)[ 2 ] ; Diab, ASM (Diab, A. S. M.)[ 1 ] ; Hegazy, MA (Hegazy, M. A.)[ 1 ]
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N-(Thiazol-2-yl)methacrylamide monomer has been prepared by the reaction of 2-aminothiazole either with methacryloyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine as catalyst or with methacrylic acid in the presence of N,N-dicyclohexyl carbodiimide as a dehydrating agent. The prepared monomer was copolymerized with acrylonitrile in dimethyl formamide using azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The homopolymer and also the copolymers were characterized by a variety of spectral and thermal methods. The thermal behaviour in nitrogen of the homopolymer as well as the copolymers was investigated using thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis techniques. N-(Thiazol-2-yl)methacrylamide was found to initiate the nitrite oligomerization in the copolymers upon heating. A mechanism for the degradation and initiation of the methacryloyloxy units in the nitrile copolymers is proposed. This was confirmed by interpreting the fragmentation patterns of the obtained mass spectra of the monomer, as well as the FT-IR spectra of the copolymers after heating.

Title: The inhibition of carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid solution using some phenolic compounds
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1,3 ] ; Asghar, BH (Asghar, Basim H.)[ 1 ] ; Zaafarany, I (Zaafarany, I.)[ 1 ] ; Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 2 ]
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The corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution in the presence of some phenolic compounds such as o-aminophenol, catechol, salicaldehyde and salicylic acid was investigated using weight-loss method, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Results obtained showed that the inhibition efficiency of these compounds increased by increasing their concentration but decreases with a rise in temperature. The effect of the investigated compounds and KI, KSCN and KBr has also been studied. The apparent activation energy (E-a) and other thermodynamic parameters for the corrosion process have also been calculated. The potentiodynamic polarization data indicated that the inhibitors were of mixed-type. The slopes of the cathodic and anodic Tafel lines (beta(c) and beta(a)) are approximately constant and independent of the inhibitor concentration. The adsorption of these compounds on C- steel surface has been found to obey the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Double layer capacitance, C-dl, and charge transform resistance, R-ct, values were derived from Nyquist and Bode plots obtained from A. C. impedance studies. The mechanism of inhibition was discussed in the light of the chemical structure of the undertaken inhibitors.

Title: Dynamic properties of the predator-prey discontinuous dynamical system
Authors: El-Sayed, AMA (El-Sayed, Ahmed M. A.)[ 2 ] ; Nasr, ME (Nasr, Mohamed E.)[ 1 ]
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In this work, we study the dynamic properties (equilibrium points, local and global stability, chaos and bifurcation) of the predator-prey discontinuous dynamical system. The existence and uniqueness of uniformly Lyapunov stable solution will be proved.

Title: Solid-phase extraction using polymer-based cartridge modified with 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-3-hydroxyphenol for preconcentration of uranium(vi) ions from water and real samples
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)
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A highly sensitive, selective, and rapid method for the determination of ng mL(-1) level of U(VI) based on the rapid reaction of U(VI) with 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-3-hydroxyphenol (BTAHP) and the solid-phase extraction of the colored complex with a reversed-phase polymer-based C18 cartridge was developed. The BTAHP reacted with U(VI) to form a violet complex of molar ratio 2: 1 [ BTAHP to U(VI)] in the presence of 4.0 M of phosphoric acid solution and Triton X-114 medium. This complex was enriched by the solid-phase extraction with a polymer-based C18 cartridge. The enrichment factor of 200 was achieved. The molar absorptivity of the complex is 2.73 x 10(6) L mol(-1) cm(-1) at 639 nm in the measured solution. The system obeys Beer's law in the range of 2.0-125 ng mL(-1), whereas the optimum concentration range obtained from Ringbom plot was 8.0-115 ng mL(-1). The relative standard deviation for 10-replicates sample of 100 ng mL(-1) level is 1.05%. The detection and quantification limits are 0.6 and 1.98 ng mL(-1) in the original sample. This method was applied to the determination of uranium(VI) in sea, tap, and waste waters, ore standard reference material, soil and sediment samples with good results comparing to the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS) method.

Title: Mhd flow and heat transfer in a viscous fluid over a non-isothermal stretching surface with thermal radiation in slip-flow regime
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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The present work is concerned with the effects of surface slip conditions and thermal radiation on an electrically conducting fluid over a non-isothermal stretching surface in the presence of a uniform transverse magnetic field. Similarity transformation is used to transform the partial differential equations describing the problem into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which is solved analytically. The effects of various parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles as well as on the local skin-friction and the local Nusselt number are discussed in detail and displayed through graphs.

Title: A novel protocol for assessing aquatic pollution, based on the feeding inhibition of daphnia magna
Authors: Kovacs, A (Kovacs, A.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Hameid, NA (Abdel-Hameid, N-A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Acs, A (Acs, A.)[ 1 ] ; Ferincz, A (Ferincz, A.)[ 1 ] ; Kovats, N (Kovats, N.)[ 1 ]
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In this study, sensitivity of a novel acute bioassay based on the feeding activity of Daphnia magna was assessed, using 2 and 4 h of exposure. For calibration purposes, results were compared with those of the standard immobility test as described by the ISO 6341: 1996 standard. Using potassium dichromate as the reference chemical, after 4 h of exposure the proposed protocol showed similar sensitivity in comparison with the standard, as the EC50 of the immobility test was 1.093 +/- 0.098 mg.L-1, whereas the EC50 of the feeding inhibition bioassay was 1.742 +/- 0.133 mg.L-1. In order to test the sensitivity of the bioassay, toxicity of two other contaminants, copper and wastewater, was estimated and the results were compared with those of the standard immobility test. For both cases, the feeding inhibition test showed higher sensitivity, as in the case of copper the EC50s were 0.0952 +/- 0.0087 and 0.0753 +/- 0.0152 mg.L-1, whilst the EC50 recorded for the 24-h immobility test was 0.2407 +/- 0.0159 mg.L-1. In the case of the effluent, EC50 values after 2 and 4 h of exposure were 15.698 +/- 2.681 and 12.557 +/- 2.358 expressed as % of the wastewater, respectively, whereas the EC50 of the immobility test was calculated to be 36.4688 +/- 5.4887.

Title: Structure, dielectric and optical properties of p-type (pva/cui) nanocomposite polymer electrolyte for photovoltaic cells
Authors: Sheha, E (Sheha, E.)[ 1 ] ; Khoder, H (Khoder, H.)[ 1 ] ; Shanap, TS (Shanap, T. S.)[ 1 ] ; El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, M. G.)[ 1 ] ; El Mansy, MK (El Mansy, M. K.)[ 1 ]
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A novel PVA/CuI nanocomposite polymer electrolyte layer synthesized via the reduction of CuCl2 by NaI in an aqueous PVA solution. The as-prepared films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, as well as impedance spectroscopy. The obtained results indicated the formation of hexagonal CuI nano particles of approximate to 55 nm sizes embedded in the PVA matrix. In addition, the study of dielectric parameters and conductivity of PVA/CuI nanocomposite in wide range of temperature and frequency are given and discussed. The frequency dependence of ac-conductivity suggests power law with an exponent 0.026 < s < 0.73 which predicts hopping of charge carriers. The bulk conductivity showed activation with temperature, significant values of activation energy are deduced and discussed. An average value of the energy gap width, 2.05 eV obtained using optical absorption in UV-visible spectra for PVA/CuI nanocomposite polymer electrolyte. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Title: Preparation, surface, and biological activities of some novel metallosurfactants
Authors: Aiad, I (Aiad, Ismail)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, MHM (Ahmed, M. H. M.)[ 2 ] ; Hessein, A (Hessein, Ahmed)[ 2 ] ; Ali, M (Ali, Mohamed)[ 2 ]
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A series of novel metallosurfactants (IIIa-d) was prepared and evaluated as surface active agents. The synthesis was carried out through two steps: the first was the reaction of fatty acids (Ia-d) (lauric, palmitic, myristic and steric acid) with morpholine (tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine) to give morpholin-4-yl-alkan-1-one (IIa-d), respectively. The second step is reaction of product of the first step (compounds IIa-d) with Fe (III) to give (IIIa-d) metallosurfactants. The chemical structures of the prepared compounds were elucidated with elemental analysis, FTIR and H-1 NMR spectroscopic tools. The surface properties of the prepared metallosurfactants were determined at different temperature 25, 35, and 45 degrees C. The surface tension (gamma), critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension at CMC (gamma(cmc)), effectiveness (pi(cmc)), efficiency (Pc-2o), maximum surface excess (Gamma(max)), and minimum surface area (A(min)) were determined. Thermodynamic data including, free energy, entropy and enthalpy changes (Delta G, Delta S, Delta H) for adsorption at the air-water interface and also for micellization in the bulk of surfactant solutions were calculated. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared compounds was determined via the inhibition zone diameter technique against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and some fungal strains as mold and yeast. The results indicate that the prepared ferrosurfactants have a good surface properties and biological activities against the tested microorganism.

Title: Effects of dietary protein levels and environmental zinc exposure on the growth, feed utilization, and biochemical variables of nile tilapia, oreochromis niloticus (l.)
Authors: Abdel-Tawwab, M (Abdel-Tawwab, Mohsen)[ 1 ] ; El-Sayed, GO (El-Sayed, Gamal O.)[ 2 ] ; Shady, SH (Shady, Sherien H.)[ 1 ]
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This study was based on a 3 x 2 factorial design with two levels of dietary protein (25% or 45%) and three zinc (Zn) concentrations (0.0, 3.5, and 7.0 mgL(-1)). This study was conducted to evaluate if dietary protein levels could influence effects of water-borne Zn on Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Fish (7.2-7.8 g) were fed on 25% or 45%-crude protein (CP) diets and under each dietary protein level, fish were exposed to 0.0 (control), 3.5, or 7.0 mgL(-1) Zn over 6 weeks. The results showed that the unionized ammonia in water increased significantly with the increase of dietary protein levels and/or Zn concentrations. The growth, survival, and feed utilization of the fish significantly increased when dietary protein level was high and Zn concentration was low. CP and total lipids contents in whole-fish body were significantly affected by protein levels and Zn concentrations; but there was no interaction between the two factors. Ash content and Zn residuals in whole-fish body increased significantly with increasing Zn concentrations only. Glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and creatinine increased significantly, while protein and lipids in serum decreased significantly with increasing protein levels and/or Zn concentrations. The cortisol value in fish serum increased significantly with the increase of Zn concentrations; while it was not affected by dietary protein levels. This study concluded that the increase in dietary protein levels could minimize the deleterious effects of Zn on Nile tilapia performance.

Title: Homotopy perturbation method for thin film flow and heat transfer over an unsteady stretching sheet with internal heating and variable heat flux
Authors: Liu, IC (Liu, I-Chung)[ 1 ] ; Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)[ 2 ]
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We have analyzed the effects of variable heat flux and internal heat generation on the flow and heat transfer in a thin film on a horizontal sheet in the presence of thermal radiation. Similarity transformations are used to transform the governing equations to a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The obtained differential equations are solved approximately by the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The effects of various parameters governing the flow and heat transfer in this study are discussed and presented graphically. Comparison of numerical results is made with the earlier published results under limiting cases.

Title: Numerical studies for fractional-order logistic differential equation with two different delays
Authors: Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 1 ] ; Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 2 ] ; Mahdy, AMS (Mahdy, A. M. S.)[ 3 ]
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A numerical method for solving the fractional-order logistic differential equation with two different delays (FOLE) is considered. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. The proposed method is based upon Chebyshev approximations. The properties of Chebyshev polynomials are utilized to reduce FOLE to a system of algebraic equations. Special attention is given to study the convergence and the error estimate of the presented method. Numerical illustrations are presented to demonstrate utility of the proposed method. Chaotic behavior is observed and the smallest fractional order for the chaotic behavior is obtained. Also, FOLE is studied using variational iteration method (VIM) and the fractional complex transform is introduced to convert fractional Logistic equation to its differential partner, so that its variational iteration algorithm can be simply constructed. Numerical experiment is presented to illustrate the validity and the great potential of both proposed techniques.

Title: Hydration mechanisms of calcium sulphoaluminate c(4)a(3)(s)over-bar, c(4)a(s)over-bar phase and active belite beta-c2s
Authors: El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sokkari, TM (El-Sokkari, T. M.)[ 2 ] ; Khalil, KA (Khalil, Kh. A.)[ 1 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 3 ] ; Ahmed, IA (Ahmed, I. A.)[ 1 ]
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Highly reactive belite and calcium sulphoaluminate as well as monosulphate mix were prepared from nano-materials at lower temperatures similar to 1250 degrees C. The crystal size of these materials was 25, 16 and 27 nm as determined from the X-ray analysis. The sulphoaluminate belite cement is a recent type of cement prepared at lower temperature with good properties. The aim of the present work is to synthesize C(4)A(3)(S) over bar monosulphate mix C(4)A (S) over bar and active belite beta-C2S. The hydration mechanism was studied by XRD and DSC techniques as well as by the determination of chemically combined water contents of cement pastes with curing time. The results reveal that ettringite is first formed hydrates in the monosulphate mix, which then converted into monosulphate hydrates. The results of DSC and XRD are in good agreement with those of combined water contents. On the other side, the rate of hydration of active belite increases linearly from 3 up to 90 days, whereas, the traditional belite hydrates increase with lower rate up to 90 days, due to the thermodynamic stability structure of traditional belite.

Title: Effect of delaying addition time of smf superplasticizer on hydration characteristics of blended cement pastes
Authors: El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 1 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 2 ] ; Al-Masry, S (Al-Masry, S.)[ 1 ]
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This paper aims to study the effect of delaying addition time of sulphonate melamine formaldehyde superplasticizer (SMF) on the rheology and hydration characteristic of blended cement pastes up to 90 days. The optimum dosage of superplasticizer was chosen as 1.0 mass %, this dosage gives the higher compressive strength and bulk density as well as lower total porosity. The optimum delaying time of superplasticizer was 7.5 min which gives the highest fluidity, bulk density, compressive strength and chemically combined water contents of cement pastes, whereas, the delaying addition time of 15.0 min shows the lower values of bulk density, compressive strength and combined water contents. This is attributed to the reduction of hydration rate of cement, due to the formation of a polymer film around the cement particles and/or hydrated products. The superplasticizing effect improved with a delayed sulphonate melamine formaldehyde superplasticizer addition time.

Title: On the boundedness of the solutions in nonlinear discrete volterra difference equations
Authors: Gyori, I (Gyoeri, Istvan)[ 1 ] ; Awwad, E (Awwad, Essam)[ 1,2 ]
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In this article, we investigate the boundedness property of the solutions of linear and nonlinear discrete Volterra equations in both convolution and non-convolution case. Strong interest in these kind of discrete equations is motivated as because they represent a discrete analogue of some integral equations. The most important result of this article is a simple new criterion, which unifies and extends several earlier results in both discrete and continuous cases. Examples are also given to illustrate our main theorem.

Title: Synthesis of benzoxazines, quinazolines and 4h-benzo[e][1,3]thiazine by anrorc rearrangements of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles
Authors: Draghici, B (Draghici, Bogdan)[ 1 ] ; El-Gendy, BEM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1,3 ]
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1,2,4-Oxadiazoles undergo ANRORC (addition of nucleophile, ring-opening and ring-closure) rearrangements upon reaction with excess of n-butyllithium to give benzoxazines, benzothiazines, and quinazolines in good yields under mild conditions.

Title: Inhibition of carbon steel corrosion by iron(iii) and imidazole in sulfuric acid
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Zaafarany, I (Zaafarany, I.)[ 1 ] ; Khairou, KS (Khairou, K. S.)[ 1 ] ; Sobhi, M (Sobhi, M.)[ 2 ]
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The inhibitive action of iron(III), imidazole and mixture of them on the corrosion of carbon steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution was investigated using galvanostatic, potentiodynamic anodic polarization and weight loss techniques. It was found that the percentage inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentration of each compound. However, the combination of iron(III) with the imidazole increases the values of inhibition efficiency compared with individual copmpound. It was found that iron(III), imidazole and mixtures of them inhibit the pitting corrosion of carbon steel in chloride containing solutions by shifting the pitting potential into more positive direction. The inhibiting solutions were analyzed using UV-Visible spectrophotometric before and after polarization measurements. The inhibition was explained on the basis of a complex formation between the two components, which was much more effective than the inhibiting action of each additive separately. The inhibition mechanism was discussed depending on the results derived from corrosion and UV-visible spectrophotometric measurements as well as conductometric investigations.

Title: Synthesis and biocidal activity of some naphthalene-based cationic surfactants
Authors: Aiad, IA (Aiad, Ismail A.)[ 1 ] ; Badawi, AM (Badawi, Abdelfatah M.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sukkary, MM (El-Sukkary, Mohammed M.)[ 3 ] ; El-Sawy, AA (El-Sawy, Abdallah A.)[ 2 ] ; Adawy, AI (Adawy, Ahmed I.)[ 4 ]
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In this study, different cationic surfactants were prepared by reacting dodecyl bromide with tertiary amines to produce a series of quaternary ammonium salts that were converted subsequently to stannous and cobalt cationic complexes via complexing them with stannous (II) or cobalt (II) ions. Surface properties such as surface- and interfacial-tension, and the emulsifying power of these surfactants were investigated. The surface parameters including critical micelle concentration, maximum surface excess, minimum surface area, tension lowering efficiency and effectiveness were studied. The free energy of micellization and adsorption were calculated. Antimicrobial activity was determined via the inhibition zone diameter of the prepared compounds, which was measured against six strains of a representative group of microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of some of the prepared surfactants against sulfate reducing bacteria was determined by the dilution method. FTIR spectra, elemental analysis and a H-1 NMR spectrum were examined to confirm compound structure and purity. The results obtained indicate that these compounds have good surface properties and good biocidal effect on broad spectrum of micro organisms.

Title: Fatty acids in heterocyclic synthesis part xii: synthesis of surfactants from pyrazole, isoxazole, pyrimidine and triazine, incorporating the 1,3,4-thiadiazole moiety having dyeing and antimicrobial activities
Authors: Amine, MS (Amine, Mahasen S.)[ 1 ] ; Mahmoud, AA (Mahmoud, Amal A.)[ 1 ] ; Badr, SK (Badr, Samy K.)[ 1 ] ; Gouda, AS (Gouda, Alaa S.)[ 1 ]
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The titled compounds were prepared from 2-amino-5-heptadecyl[1,3,4]thiadiazole (1). Diazotization of (1) produced (2) which was coupled with active methylene compounds and gave azo a double dagger OE hydrazono derivatives (3A, 3B) (a-d) . It was found that there is regio-specificity for addition of different nucleophiles to these tautomers; thus, nitrogen nucleophiles such as hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride and thiourea were reacted via Azo tautomer (3A) to yield pyrazole, isoxazole and pyrimidine respectively (5-7), while carbon nucleophiles as phenylisocyanate was reacted via the hydrazono tautomer (3B) and produced triazine derivatives (4). Additionally, the diazonium chloride (2) was coupled with alkaline 2-naphthol and produced 2-(5-heptadecyl-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl)-1,2-dihydro-3-oxa-1,2-diaza-cyclopenta[a]naphthalene (8). UV-visible spectra of the synthesized colored compounds (2-8) showed lambda (max) at 374-398 nm, while screening these compounds in vitro against micro-organisms (including structure-activity relationship SAR study) revealed high antibacterial and moderate antifungal activities. Propoxylation of compounds 1, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 with 3, 5, 7 mol of propylene oxide produced nonionic surfactants I(a-c)-IX(a-c) having surface active properties so, it is clear that the tested surfactants can be used in the manufacture of dyes, drugs, cosmetics, emulsifiers, pesticides, luminphores for optical applications and many other industries with low toxicity to human beings and the environment owing to their high solubility and good biodegradability.

Title: Lode-gold mineralization in convergent wrench structures: examples from south eastern desert, egypt
Authors: Zoheir, BA (Zoheir, Basem A.)
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Data from regional- and mine-scale mapping, structural, geochemical and fluid inclusion studies reveal a synkinematic genesis of gold in convergent wrench structures that cut the Neoproterozoic greenstone belt in the south Eastern Desert of Egypt. Au-quartz lodes in the Wadi El Beida-Wadi Khashab area are associated with NNW-trending shear zones in pervasively silicified, ferruginated volcanic/volcaniclastic rocks, or along steeply dipping thrust segments bounding allochthonous ophiolitic blocks. Development of the mineralized shear zones is attributed to a wrench-dominated transpression assigned to D2 deformation throughout the Pan-African evolution of the South Eastern Desert (620-540 Ma?). Hydrothermal alteration associated with Au-quartz lodes comprises an inner quartz-sericite-pyrite assemblage progressed outwards into an outer quartz-chlorite-calcite assemblage. Mass balance calculations reveal a systematic volume- and mass-increase, addition of SiO2, K2O, Fe2O3t, S and L.O.I. and slight depletion in Na2O in the altered wallrocks approaching the Au-quartz lodes. Erratic concentrations of S, MgO and CaO in the altered host rocks, however, suggest selective carbonatization, and sulfidation of Fe-rich host rocks proximal to the ore bodies. Ore bodies include quartz-only and quartz-carbonate lodes with disseminated pyrite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite, covellite, marcasite, subordinate pyrrhotite, sphalerite and gold. In addition to free gold inclusions in As-poor pyrite, microprobe and LA-ICP-MS spot analyses reveal the presence of traces of Au, Ag (10s to 100s ppm-levels), positively correlated with Cu contents (1000s ppm-levels). Analyses of pyrrhotite and marcasite indicate a comparable relationship. Chalcopyrite intimately associated with pyrite contains lower levels of refractory gold and silver (ay. 12 ppm Au and 3 ppm Ag). Solid solution may have been responsible for invisible gold, whereas, free gold deposition is a function of remobilization, reconstitution and concentration of the earlier phase. Primary and pseudosecondary fluid inclusions in the auriferous quartz veins comprise low salinity aqueous-carbonic fluids (2-12 eq. wt.% NaCl). Homogenization temperatures of synchronous aqueous-dominant and carbonic-dominant (H2O-CO2-NaCl +/- CH4 +/- N-2) fluid inclusions (258-343 degrees C) correspond to 0.8-2.3 kbars and depths of 3 and 9 km (mesothermal conditions). Decreasing gold solubility and segregation from bi-sulfide complexes most probably resulted from interplay of dilution and mixing of an evolved carbonic-rich fluid with a more oxidized aqueous fluid, pressure fluctuation and wallrock-sulfidation. New geochemical data combined with available geophysical information indicate viable gold ore bodies in the study area, and suggest similar situation for zones with discernible signs of hydrothermal alteration along the major convergent wrench (shear) zones in the Eastern Desert of Egypt. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Photovoltaic properties of bulk heterojunction devices based on cui-pva as electron donor and pcbm and modified pcbm as electron acceptor
Authors: Sharma, G (Sharma, G. D.)[ 1,3 ] ; Shanap, T (Shanap, T. S.)[ 2 ] ; Patel, K (Patel, K. R.)[ 1 ] ; El-Mansy, M (El-Mansy, M. K.)[ 2 ]
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In this paper, we have investigated the bulk heterojunction organic solar cells based on CuI - polyvinyl alcohol (CuI-PVA) nanocomposite as electron donor and [6,6] - phenyl C-60 - butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) or modified PCBM i.e. F as electron acceptor. The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 0.46 % and 0.68 % were achieved for the photovoltaic devices based on as cast CuI-PVA:PCBM and CuI-PVA:F blend films, respectively. The higher PCEs of the organic solar cells based on F as electron acceptor resulted from the increase in both short circuit current (J (sc) ) and open circuit voltage (V (oc) ), due to the increased absorption of F in visible region and its higher LUMO level. After thermal annealing, the PCEs of the organic solar cells were further increased to 0.54 % and 0.80 % for CuI-PVA:PCBM and CuI-PVA:F blends, respectively. The increase in the PCEs was mainly due to the increase in J (sc) , which has been attributed to the improvement in hole mobility and broadening of the absorption band in the longer wavelength region. The improved hole mobility resulted in more balanced charge transport in the devices based on the thermally annealed blends.

Title: Antihypertensive drugs as an inhibitors for corrosion of aluminum and aluminum silicon alloys in aqueous solutions
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1 ] ; Zaafarany, I (Zaafarany, I.)[ 2 ] ; Al-Karanee, SO (Al-Karanee, S. O.)[ 1 ] ; Abd El-Fattah, AA (Abd El-Fattah, A. A.)[ 1 ]
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The corrosion behavior of aluminum and three aluminum-silicon alloys in different concentrations of HCI solutions and its inhibition by antihypertensive drugs was studied using potentiostatic polarization measurements. As the acid concentration increases, the rate of corrosion increases. Aluminum is less susceptible to corrosion than any of Al-Si alloys. The inhibition efficiency of the drug compounds increases with their concentration up to a critical value. At higher additive concentrations the inhibition efficiency starts to decrease. The inhibitive action of these compounds is due to their formation of insoluble complex adsorbed on the metal surface. The adsorption follows Langmuir adsorption isotherms. It was found that the drugs compounds provide protection to Al and Al-Si alloys against pitting corrosion by shifting the pitting potential to more positive direction until critical drug concentrations (250 ppm). After this critical concentration the inhibition against to pitting corrosion starts to decrease. (c) 2010 King Saud University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Utility of solid phase spectrophotometry for the modified determination of trace amounts of cadmium in food samples
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 2 ] ; Gouda, AA (Gouda, Ayman A.)[ 1,3 ]
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A modified selective, highly sensitive and accurate procedure for the determination of trace amounts of cadmium which reacts with 1-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid (BTAHNA) to give a deep violet complex with high molar absorptivity (7.05 x 10(6) L mol(-1) cm(-1), 3.92 x 10(7) L mol(-1) cm(-1), 1.78 x 10(8) L mol(-1) cm(-1), and 4.10 x 10(8) L mol(-1) cm(-1)), fixed on a Dowex 1-X8 type anion-exchange resin for 10 mL, 100 mL, 500 mL, and 1000 mL, respectively. Calibration is linear over the range 0.2-3.5 mu g L-1 with RSD of

Title: Influence of ozone on the rheological and electrical properties of stored human blood.
Authors: Baieth, Hoda El-Saied Abdel; Elashmawi, Islam Shoukri
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Blood stored in a blood bank undergoes a series of chemical changes and storage lesions. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of ozone on the rheological and electrical properties of stored human blood. Venous blood samples, obtained from three healthy humans, were treated with different concentrations of ozone (30, 50, 70 and 80 g/mL) for three weeks in vitro. Ozone was generated from portable medical-grade oxygen using electrical corona arc discharge. The ultraviolet-visible absorption of hemoglobin in the wavelength of 300-700 nm showed that ozone in this range did not interact with iron ions and it was not toxic below the concentration of 80 g/mL. The changes of blood viscosity were also measured. The electrical conductivity and permittivity, in the frequency range from 5 to 50 MHz, were measured in the control and treated samples subjected to different concentrations of ozone at different stored periods. The results showed that the conductivity and permittivity measurements may serve as a useful indicator in the quality assessment of blood samples stored in the blood bank.

Title: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of benzyl, alkyl and glycosyl [2-(arylamino)-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxo-cyclohex-1-ene]carbodithioates, as potential immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive agents
Authors: El Ashry, ESH (El Ashry, El Sayed H.)[ 1,2 ] ; Amer, MR (Amer, Mohammad R.)[ 1 ] ; Abdalla, OM (Abdalla, Omer M.)[ 3 ] ; Aly, AA (Aly, Aly A.)[ 4 ] ; Soomro, S (Soomro, Samreen)[ 3 ] ; Jabeen, A (Jabeen, Almas)[ 3 ] ; Halim, SA (Halim, Sobia Ahsan)[ 3 ] ; Mesaik, MA (Mesaik, M. Ahmed)[ 3 ] ; Ul-Haq, Z (Ul-Haq, Zaheer)[ 3 ]
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The immunomodulating properties of functionalized [2-(arylamino)-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxo-cyclohex-1-ene] carbodithioates and 6,6-dimethyl-4-(2-(propan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl)-6,7-dihydro-2H-indazole-3(5H)-thione compounds have been investigated. Four of them, 13, 18, 19 and 20 inhibited PBMC proliferation induced by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in a dose dependent manner with an IC50 of

Title: Generalized beta-conformal change and special finsler spaces
Authors: Youssef, NL (Youssef, Nabil L.)[ 1 ] ; Abed, SH (Abed, S. H.)[ 1 ] ; Elgendi, SG (Elgendi, S. G.)[ 2 ]
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This work is a continuation of the paper [Generalized beta-conformal change of Finsler metrics, Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys. 7(4) (2010) 565-582]. In the present paper, we investigate the change of Finsler metrics L(x, y) -> (L) over bar (x, y) = f(e(sigma(x)) L(x, y), beta(x, y)), which we refer to as a generalized beta-conformal change. Under this change, we study some special Finsler spaces, namely, quasi-C-reducible, semi-C-reducible, C-reducible, C-2-like, S-3-like and S-4-like Finsler spaces. We obtain some characterizations of the energy beta-change, the Randers change and the Kropina change. We also obtain the transformation of the T-tensor under this change and study some interesting special cases. We then impose a certain condition on the generalized beta-conformal change, which we call the b-condition, and investigate the geometric consequences of such a condition. Finally, we give the conditions under which a generalized beta-conformal change is projective and generalize some known results in the literature.

Title: Variable fluid properties and thermal radiation effects on flow and heat transfer in micropolar fluid film past moving permeable infinite flat plate with slip velocity
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, M. A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Waheed, SE (Waheed, S. E.)[ 1 ]
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This work deals with the influence of thermal radiation on the problem of the mixed convection thin film flow and heat transfer of a micropolar fluid past a moving infinite vertical porous flat plate with a slip velocity. The fluid viscosity and the thermal conductivity are assumed to be the functions of temperature. The equations governing the flow are solved numerically by the Chebyshev spectral method for some representative value of various parameters. In comparison with the previously published work, the excellent agreement is shown. The effects of various parameters on the velocity, the microrotation velocity, and the temperature profiles, as well as the skin-friction coefficient and the Nusselt number, are plotted and discussed.

Title: Effect of hydrogen ratio on plasma parameters of n-2-h-2 gas mixture glow discharge
Authors: El-Brulsy, RA (El-Brulsy, R. A.)[ 1 ] ; Abd Al-Halim, MA (Abd Al-Halim, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Abu-Hashem, A (Abu-Hashem, A.)[ 1 ] ; Rashed, UM (Rashed, U. M.)[ 2 ] ; Hassouba, MA (Hassouba, M. A.)[ 1 ]
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A dc plane glow discharge in a nitrogen-hydrogen (N-2-H-2) gas mixture has been operated at discharge currents of 10 and 20 mA. The electron energy distribution function (EEDF) at different hydrogen concentrations is measured. A Maxwellian EEDF is found in the positive column region, while in both cathode fall and negative glow regions, a non-Maxwellian one is observed. Langmuir electric probes are used at different axial positions, gas pressures, and hydrogen concentrations to measure the electron temperature and plasma density. The electron temperature is found to increase with increasing H-2 concentration and decrease with increasing both the axial distance from the cathode and the mixture pressure. At first, with increasing distance from the cathode, the ion density decreases, while the electron density increases; then, as the anode is further approached, they remain nearly constant. At different H-2 concentrations, the electron and ion densities decrease with increasing the mixture pressure. Both the electron and ion densities slightly decrease with increasing H-2 concentration.

Title: Integrating geologic and satellite imagery data for high-resolution mapping and gold exploration targets in the south eastern desert, egypt
Authors: Zoheir, B (Zoheir, Basem)[ 1 ] ; Emam, A (Emam, Ashraf)[ 2 ]
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The granitoid-greenstone belts of the Arabian-Nubian Shield are well-endowed with lode gold and massive sulfide ores. Although generally characterized by excellent outcrops and arid desert realm, poor accessibility and lack of finance have been always retardant to detailed geologic mapping of vast areas of the shield. Lack of comprehensive geological information and maps at appropriate scales would definitely hinder serious exploration programs. In this study, band ratioing, principal component analysis (PCA), false-color composition (FCC), and frequency filtering (FFT-RWT) of ASTER and ETM+ data have substantially improved visual interpretation for detailed mapping of the Gebel Egat area in South Eastern Desert of Egypt. By compiling field, petrographic and spectral data, controls on gold mineralization have been assessed in terms of association of gold lodes with particular lithological units and structures. Contacts between foliated island arc metavolcanics and ophiolites or diorite are likely to be favorable loci for auriferous quartz veins, especially where the NW-SE foliation is deflected into steeply dipping NNW-trending shear planes. High-resolution mapping of the greenstone belt, structures and alteration zones associated with gold lodes in the study area suggests that dilatation by foliation deflection was related to emplacement of the Egat granitic intrusion, attendant with a sinistral transpression regime (i.e., similar to 640-550 Ma?). Gold mineralization associated with granitoid intrusions in transpression-induced pull-apart structures elsewhere in the Eastern Desert (e.g., Fawakhir, Sukari and Hangaliya mines) emphasize the reliability of this setting as a model for gold exploration targets in greenstone terrains of Egypt, and may be elsewhere in the Arabian-Nubian Shield. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Energy beta-conformal change in finsler geometry
Authors: Soleiman, A (Soleiman, A.)
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The present paper deals with an intrinsic generalization of the conformal change and energy beta-change on a Finsler manifold (M. L.), namely the energy beta-conformal change ((L) over tilde (2)(x, y) = e(2 sigma(x)) L-2(x, y) + B-2(x, y) with B := g((zeta) over bar, (eta) over bar); (zeta) over bar being a concurrent pi-vector field and sigma(x) is a function on M). The relation between the two Barthel connections Gamma and e G, corresponding to this change, is found. This relation, together with the fact that the Cartan and the Barthel connections have the same horizontal and vertical projectors, enable us to study the energy beta-conformal change of the fundamental linear connection in Finsler geometry: the Cartan connection, the Berwald connection, the Chern connection and the Hashiguchi connection. Moreover, the change of their curvature tensors is obtained.

Title: Non-uniform heat generation effect on heat transfer of a non-newtonian power-law fluid over a non-linearly stretching sheet
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)[ 1 ]
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The effects of non-uniform heat generation/absorption and viscous dissipation on heat transfer of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid on a non-linearly stretching surface have been examined. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations describing the problem are transformed to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations by using suitable similarity transformation. The transformed system of ordinary differential equations is solved numerically using fourth order Runge-Kutta method with the shooting technique. Graphical solutions for the dimensionless temperature are presented and discussed for various values of the power-law index parameter, the Prandtl number, the heat generation/absorption parameter and the Eckert number. The results show that the local Nusselt number is reduced with increasing the Eckert number or the heat generation parameter, whereas the heat absorption parameter has the effect of enhancing the local Nusselt number.

Title: Mhd stagnation point flow of a micropolar fluid towards a moving surface with radiation
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Waheed, SE (Waheed, Shimaa E.)[ 1 ]
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The effects of magnetic field and thermal radiation on a micropolar fluid flow near a stagnation point towards a moving surface are investigated. Numerical solutions for the transformed non-linear ordinary differential equations are obtained using the fourth order Rung-Kutta integration scheme coupled with the shooting method. The effects of the magnetic parameter, the material parameter, the radiation parameter and the Prandtl number on the velocity, angular velocity and temperature profiles are displayed graphically and investigated. Also the numerical values of the local skin-friction coefficient and the Nusselt number for various values of the physical parameters are entered in tabular form and discussed.

Title: Numerical study for the flow and heat transfer in a thin liquid film over an unsteady stretching sheet with variable fluid properties in the presence of thermal radiation
Authors: Liu, IC (Liu, I-C.)[ 1 ] ; Megahed, AM (Megahed, A. M.)[ 2 ]
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In this paper, the effect of thermal radiation, variable viscosity and variable thermal conductivity on the flow and heat transfer of a thin liquid film over an unsteady stretching sheet is analyzed. The continuity, momentum and energy equations, which are coupled nonlinear partial differential equations, are reduced to a set of two non-linear ordinary differential equations, before being solved numerically. Results for the skin-friction coefficient, local Nusselt number, velocity profiles as well as temperature profiles are presented for different values of the governing parameters. It is found that increasing the viscosity parameter leads to a rise in the velocity near the surface of the sheet and a fall in the temperature. Furthermore, it is shown that the temperature increases due to an increase in the values of the thermal conductivity parameter and the thermal radiation parameter, while it decreases with an increase of the Prandtl number.

Title: Inhibition of zinc corrosion by some benzaldehyde derivatives in hcl solution
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1,3 ] ; Zaafarany, I (Zaafarany, I.)[ 1 ] ; Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 2 ] ; Abd El-Kader, D (Abd El-Kader, D.)[ 2 ]
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The effect of some benzaldehyde derivatives on the corrosion of zinc in 0.5 M HCl solution is studied in this article using mass loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The percentage inhibition efficiency (%In) was found to increase with increasing concentration of the inhibitor and with decreasing temperature. Polarization studies indicated that all of the compounds studied are mixed-type inhibitors. The inhibitive action of these benzaldehyde derivatives has been discussed in view of the adsorption on the zinc surface. The adsorption process follows Temkin's isotherm. The addition of KSCN, KI, and KBr to benzaldehyde derivatives has enhanced the inhibition efficiency because of synergistic effect. The mechanism of inhibition process is discussed in the light of the chemical structures of the investigated inhibitors.

Title: Thermal decomposition kinetics of strontium oxalate
Authors: Al-Newaiser, FA (Al-Newaiser, F. A.); Al-Thabaiti, SA (Al-Thabaiti, S. A.); Al-Youbi, AO (Al-Youbi, A. O.); Obaid, AY (Obaid, A. Y.); Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)
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The thermal decomposition behavior in air of SrC(2)O(4) center dot 1.25H(2)O was studied up to the formation of SrO using DTA-TG-DTG techniques. The decomposition proceeds through four well-defined steps. The first two steps are attributed to the dehydration of the salt, while the third and fourth ones are assigned to the decomposition of the anhydrous strontium oxalate into SrCO(3) and the decomposition of SrCO(3) to SrO, respectively. The exothermic DTA peak found at around 300 degrees C is ascribed to the recrystallization of the anhydrous strontium oxalate. On the other hand, the endothermic DTA peak observed at 910 degrees C can be attributed to the transition of orthorhombic-hexagonal phase of SrCO(3). The kinetics of the thermal decomposition of anhydrous strontium oxalate and strontium carbonate, which are formed as stable intermediates, have been studied using non-isothermal TG technique. Analysis of kinetic data was carried out assuming various solid-state reaction models and applying three different computational methods. The data analysis according to the composite method showed that the anhydrous oxalate decomposition is best described by the two-dimensional diffusion-controlled mechanism (D(2)), while the decomposition of strontium carbonate is best fitted by means of the three-dimensional phase boundary-controlled mechanism (R(3)). The values of activation parameters obtained using different methods were compared and discussed.

Title: Inhibition of acid corrosion of carbon steel using aqueous extract of olive leaves.
Authors: El-Etre, A Y
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The inhibitive action of the aqueous extract of olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves toward the corrosion of C-steel in 2 M HCl solution was investigated using weight loss measurements, Tafel polarization, and cyclic voltammetry. It was found that the extract acts as a good corrosion inhibitor for the tested system. The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing extract concentration. The inhibitive action of the extract is discussed with a view to adsorption of its components onto the steel surface, making a barrier to mass and charge transfer. The adsorption of extract components onto the steel surface was found to be a spontaneous process and to follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. It was found also that such adsorption increases the activation energy of the corrosion process. The results of cyclic voltammetry showed that the presence of olive extract decreases the charge density in the transpassive region. The inhibition efficiency is greatly reduced as the temperature is increased.

Title: Inhibition of acid corrosion of carbon steel using aqueous extract of olive leaves
Authors: Ei-Etre, AY (Ei-Etre, A. Y.)
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The inhibitive action of the aqueous extract of olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves toward the corrosion of C-steel in 2 M HCl solution was investigated using weight loss measurements, Tafel polarization, and cyclic voltammetry. It was found that the extract acts as a good corrosion inhibitor for the tested system. The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing extract concentration. The inhibitive action of the extract is discussed with a view to adsorption of its components onto the steel surface, making a barrier to mass and charge transfer. The adsorption of extract components onto the steel surface was found to be a spontaneous process and to follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. It was found also that such adsorption increases the activation energy of the corrosion process. The results of cyclic voltammetry showed that the presence of olive extract decreases the charge density in the transpassive region. The inhibition efficiency is greatly reduced as the temperature is increased. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: The effect of using different types of periodic contact rate on the behaviour of infectious diseases: a simulation study
Authors: Moneim, IA (Moneim, I. A.)
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This paper studies the effect of using different types of seasonally varying contact rate on the behaviour of the seasonally varying infectious diseases for an SEIR epidemic model. Our target is to investigate the long term behaviour of the system in response to changes in beta(1), the amplitude parameter of the seasonal contact rate, which is our bifurcation parameter. This amplitude parameter is used as a filter to plot the length in years of the period of the stable endemic periodic solution of the SEIR model. Another main aim of this simulation study is to explain how can the type of the contact rate affect the behaviour of the disease dynamics. The simulation results have indicated that using different functional forms of seasonally varying contact rate generates different patterns of solutions for each disease parameter set and type of contact rate. So prediction of the type of disease outbreaks depends on the form of contact rate. Thus it is important to determine which type of contact rate is more likely to match the actual dynamics of each disease. Also these results have shown how the dynamics of the disease depend on the amplitude of the seasonally varying contact rate. Apart from some of the results for measles with a sinusoidal periodic function the simulation results are original and give a clear and a much broader insight into the features of the dynamics of these diseases [D. Greenhalgh. I.A. Moneim, SIRS epidemic model and simulations using different types of seasonal contact rate, Syst. Anal. Modelling Simul. 43(5) (2003) 573-600: I.A. Moneim, D. Greenhalgh, Threshold and stability results for an SIRS epidemic model with a general periodic vaccination strategy, J. Biol. Syst. 13(2) (2005), to appear]. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Role of cationic size in the optical properties of the licl crystal surface: theoretical study
Authors: Halim, WSA (Halim, Wael Salah Abdel)[ 2 ] ; Abdullah, N (Abdullah, Noha)[ 2 ] ; Abdel-Aal, S (Abdel-Aal, Safaa)[ 1 ] ; Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ]
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The size of the cations (either Ca2+, Sr2+, Ga+, or Au+) at the F-A1-type color centers on the (100) surface of LiCl crystal plays an important role in the optical properties of this surface. In this work, double-well potentials at this surface were investigated using ab initio quantum mechanical methods. Quantum clusters were embedded in simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surface, and the ions that were the nearest neighbors to the F-A1 site were allowed to relax to equilibrium. The calculated Stokes-shifted optical transition bands, optical-optical conversion efficiency, and relaxed excited states of the defect-containing surface, as well as the orientational destruction of the color centers, recording sensitivity, exciton (energy) transfer, and the Glasner-Tompkins empirical relation were all found to be sensitive to the size of the dopant cation.

Title: Numerical solution of free-convection heat transfer over a vertical cone embedded in a non-newtonian power-law fluid-saturated porous medium with viscous dissipation
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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A numerical study of the problem of heat transfer to the non-Newtonian power-law fluid over a vertical cone embedded in a porous medium has been investigated, taking into consideration the viscous dissipation effect. The governing equations describing the problem are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which is solved numerically using the Chebyshev spectral method. The effects of the power-law index and the viscous dissipation that is characterized by the local Gebhart number on the temperature profiles and the local Nusselt number are discussed. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE) EM.1943-7889.0000361. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers.

Title: Magnetic and binding properties of co-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes: a first principles study
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Assem, MM (Assem, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)[ 1 ] ; Soliman, KA (Soliman, K. A.)[ 1 ]
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An attempt has been made to analyze the magnetic-spin quenching property of Co, as a representative of transition metals, in Co-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as well as the binding property of CO with the side walls of the Co-doped SWCNTs by means of hybrid density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Four different types of SWCNTs are considered: semi-conducting (5,0) zigzag, metallic (5,2) and semi conducting (5,3) chirals, and metallic (5,5) armchair. The results show that while the spin states of Co in the whole of the present Co-doped SWCNTs were preserved, the combined effects of adsorbate (CO) and substrate (Co-doped SWCNT) were strong enough to favor the low-spin states, and to quench the spins in the Co-doped SWCNTs (5,0) and (5,2). The doped Co atom converts the endothermic reactions of CO molecules on the outer surfaces of the pure SWCNTs into exothermic reactions. The nature of charge transfer between the d-orbitals of Co, and the pi* orbital of the nearby C of CO is clarified. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis reveals that the electronic configuration of the doped Co metal represents a qualitative change with respect to that of the free-metal. The binding of CO precursor is mostly dominated by the metal E(i)(Co..CO) pairwise additive contributions, and the role of the SWCNTs is not restricted to supporting the metal. The spin quenched SWCNTs are characterized in terms of isodensity contours of frontier orbitals. Molecular electrostatic potentials (MEPs) indicate that SWCNTs can act as effective gas sensors for nucleophiles. The results show that Co-doped SWCNTs can be useful in spintronics applications and sensor technology.

Title: Migration of local earthquakes in the gulf of aqaba, north red sea
Authors: Al-Arifi, NS (Al-Arifi, Nassir S.)[ 1 ] ; Lashin, AA (Lashin, Aref A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Al-Humidan, S (Al-Humidan, Saad)[ 1,3 ]
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The Gulf of Aqabah has been considered one of the most seismically-active regions in the Middle East during the last 15 years; a catalogue of 1,415 earthquakes (duration magnitude Md >= 2.8) during 1985-1995, compiled by Al-Arifi (1996) and Al-Shaabi (1998), mainly based on data from King Saud University. Seismic Studies Center (SSC), Saudi Arabia, for 28 degrees-30 degrees N and 30 degrees-36 degrees E, has been used for studying local aftershock migration. Aftershocks migrated northwards about 60 km for the 1993 sequence and about 70 km for the 1995 sequence and also to shallow focal depths (15 km focal depth for 1993 main-shock). Depths reduced as time elapsed until reaching 2 km for the last strong aftershock (Md=5.2) which occurred during the late stage of the sequence. The 1993 main-shock caused a redistribution of stresses to the parallel faults' segment where the largest 1993 aftershock occurred triggering these faults' segment to become an area of stress nucleation and generated the 1995 main-shock.

Title: Soret effect on mixed convection heat and mass transfer along a semi-infinite horizontal plate in the presence of heat generation and chemical reaction
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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The aim of this work is to study Soret and chemical reaction effects on laminar mixed convection boundary-layer flow and heat and mass transfer past a semi-infinite horizontal flat plate in the presence of heat generation. A transformation is introduced that reduces the equations governing the flow to a system of nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations. The transformed equations are solved numerically using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta integration scheme coupled with the shooting method. Graphical results for the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles for various parametric conditions are presented and studied. The effects of the chemical reaction parameter, Soret parameter, and the heat generation parameter on the local skin-friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number, and the local Sherwood number are presented in tabular form and discussed.PACS Nos.: 44.20+b, 44.20+Cb

Title: Synthesis and characterization of new nano-particles as blue ceramic pigment
Authors: Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, I. S.)[ 1 ] ; Dessouki, HA (Dessouki, H. A.)[ 1 ] ; Ali, AA (Ali, A. A.)[ 1 ]
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The synthesis of a new nano-blue ceramic pigment CoxMg1-xAl2O4 (0

Title: Numerical studies for a multi-order fractional differential equation
Authors: Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.); Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.); Al-Bar, RF (Al-Bar, R. F.)
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In this Letter, we implement the variational iteration method and the homotopy perturbation method, for solving the system of fraction differential equations (FDE) generated by a multi-order fraction differential equation. The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense. In these schemes, the solution takes the form of a convergent series with easily computable components. Numerical results show that the two approaches are easy to implement and accurate when applied to partial differential equations of fractional order. An algorithm to convert a multi-order FDE has been suggested which is valid in the most general cases. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Structural and magnetic properties of nano-crystalline ni-zn ferrites synthesized using egg-white precursor
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; El-Shishtawy, RM (El-Shishtawy, Reda M.)[ 1 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ]
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Nano-crystalline nickel-zinc ferrites of different compositions; Ni1-xZnxFe2O4 (x=0.0-1.0) were prepared by a precursor method involving egg-white and metal nitrates. An appropriate mechanism for the egg-white-metal complexation was suggested. Differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), vibrating sample magnetometer and AC-magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out to investigate chemical, structural and magnetic aspects of Ni-Zn ferrites. XRD confirmed the formation of spinel cubic structure. The average crystallite size was calculated using line broadening in XRD patterns. Structural parameters like lattice constant, X-ray density, bond lengths and inter-cationic distance were determined from XRD data. TEM showed agglomerated particles with average size agreed well with that estimated using XRD. FT-IR spectra confirm the formation of spinel structure and further lends support to the proposed cation distribution. Zn-content was found to have a significant influence on the magnetic properties of the system. The changes in the magnetic properties can be attributed to the influence of the cationic stoichiometry and their occupancy in the specific sites. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Constructions in the category of fuzzy t-proximity spaces
Authors: Hashem, KA (Hashem, Khaled A.); Radwan, AE (Radwan, A. E.)
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This paper is devoted to study the initial fuzzy T-proximity structures of the fuzzy T-proximity spaces defined by Hashem and Morsi in 2002, where T stands for any continuous triangular norm. In this paper, we show that all initial and final lifts in the category T-FPS of these fuzzy T-proximity spaces exist and hence the initial and final fuzzy T-proximity structures exist. We introduce a characterization for the initial fuzzy T-proximity structures, so as a special initial fuzzy T-proximity spaces, the subspaces and product spaces of these fuzzy T-proximity spaces can also be characterized. We also show that the fuzzy topology associated to the initial fuzzy T-proximity structure of a family of fuzzy T-proximity spaces, coincides with the initial fuzzy topology of the family of fuzzy topologies associated to these fuzzy T-proximity spaces. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Microchemistry and stable isotope systematics of gold mineralization in a gabbro-diorite complex, se egypt
Authors: Zoheir, BA (Zoheir, Basem Ahmed)
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Electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) data of ore minerals from the Urn Eleiga deposit (SE Egypt) suggest that primary Au was sequestered within Ni-pyrrhotite and Co-Ni-Fe sulfarsenide, while refined, free-milling gold grains (similar to 93 wt.% Au) are associated with late pyrite, or occur along micro-fractures in quartz veins. A magmatic source of gold is most likely, yet endowment by circulating metasomatic fluid was crucial for Au concentration. Sulfur stable isotope values (delta S-34) of sulfide minerals disseminated in the quartz veins (pyrite: -0.5 to 1.5 parts per thousand, chalcopyrite: -0.3 to 0.6 parts per thousand, and sphalerite: -0.1 to -0.4 parts per thousand), indicate a generally light sulfur source. Similarly, measured delta C-13 of vein calcite (-3.1 to -1.3, n = 9) and calculated fluid delta C-13(CO2) values (-0.6 to 0.6 parts per thousand, for the temperature range 350-375 degrees C of associated hydrothermal chlorite) cluster around 0 parts per thousand, consistent with a magmatic source for carbon. Oxygen isotope data for vein calcite (10.3-13 parts per thousand, n = 9) and quartz (11.7-14.3 parts per thousand, n= 10) indicate average fluid delta O-18(H2O) values of 7.4 and 7.8 parts per thousand, respectively, which implicate fluids similar to those in intrusion-related systems. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Magnetohydrodynamic simulation for plasma focus devices
Authors: Masoud, MM (Masoud, M. M.)[ 2 ] ; El-Gamal, HA (El-Gamal, H. A.)[ 2 ] ; El-Tayeb, HA (El-Tayeb, H. A.)[ 2 ] ; Hassouba, AA (Hassouba, A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Halim, MAA (Al-Halim, M. A. Abd)[ 1 ]
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To overcome the discontinuity between the axial phase and the radial phase in the plasma focus, a new model (the Masoud model) has been developed. It is assumed that, according to the snowplough model, the radial phase moves in the angular direction with continuity between the axial and the radial phases. This model is based on the introduction of an angle of motion in all equations of motion and circuit. Then, the plasma sheath position and velocity were calculated numerically from the previous equations. A slug model has been used to calculate the shock wave velocity, and hence the electron temperature. Values of the discharge current, the axial speed, the axial position, the spike voltage, the radial piston speed, the radial piston position, the plasma column length and the plasma temperature have been obtained using the new model. The values calculated by using this model show good agreement with the published experimental results.

Title: Temperature effect on spherical couette flow of oldroyd-b fluid
Authors: Hassan, AAE (Hassan, A. Abu-El)[ 1 ] ; Zidan, M (Zidan, M.)[ 2 ] ; Moussa, MM (Moussa, M. M.)[ 1 ]
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The present paper is concerned with non-isothermal spherical Couette flow of Oldroyd-B fluid in the annular region between two concentric spheres. The inner sphere rotates with a uniform angular velocity while the outer sphere is kept at rest. Moreover, the two spherical boundaries are maintained at fixed temperature values. Hence, the fluid is effect by two heat sources; namely, the viscous heating and the temperature gradient between the two spheres. The viscoelasticity of the fluid is assumed to dominate the inertia such that the latter can be neglected. An approximate analytical solution of the energy and momentum equations is obtained through the expansion of the dynamical fields in power series of Nahme number. The analysis show that, the temperature variation due to the external source appears in the zero order solution and its effect extends to the fluid velocity distribution up to present second order. Viscous heating contributes in the first and second order solutions. In contrast to isothermal case, a first order axial velocity and a second order stream function fields has been appeared. Moreover, at higher orders the temperature distribution depends on the gap width between the two spheres. Finally, there exist a thermal distribution of positive and negative values depend on their positions in the domain region between the two spheres.

Title: Corrosion inhibition of aluminum in 1 m h3po4 solutions by ethanolamines
Authors: Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 2 ] ; Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, I. S.)[ 2 ] ; Eissa, M (Eissa, M.)[ 1 ]
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The inhibitive effect of the investigated compounds (ethanolamine (I), diethanolamine (II) and triethanolamine (III)) on the corrosion behavior of aluminum in 1 M H3PO4 solution using weight loss, galvanostatic polarization and quantum chemical calculation methods was studied. The inhibition efficiency was found to depend on type and concentration of the additives and also on temperature. The effect of addition of halide ions to various concentrations of these compounds has also been studied. The apparent activation energy (E-a) and other thermodynamic parameters for the corrosion process have also been calculated and discussed. The galvanostatic polarization data indicated that these inhibitors were of mixed-type. The slopes of the cathodic and anodic Tafel lines (beta(c) and beta(a)) are approximately constant and independent of the inhibitor concentration. The adsorption of these compounds on aluminum surface has been found to obey the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Some quantum chemical parameters and Mulliken charge densities for investigated compounds were calculated by the AM1 semi-empirical method to provide further insight into the mechanism of inhibition of the corrosion process. The theoretical results are then compared with experimental data. (C) 2010 King Saud University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of anionic polymeric surfactants based on sulfonated styrene
Authors: Eissa, A (Eissa, Abd El Menam)[ 2 ] ; El Hefnawy, M (El Hefnawy, Manal)[ 1 ] ; Bader, S (Bader, Samy)[ 2 ] ; Radwan, M (Radwan, Mohamed)[ 1 ] ; Allah, MD (Allah, Mohamed Deef)[ 1 ]
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A novel series of three anionic polymeric surfactants was prepared by polymerization of sulfonated styrene and allyl esters of long chain fatty acid chlorides (decanoyl, lauroyl and palmitoyl chloride). The unique structural features of these surfactants were confirmed by different spectroscopic tools (IR and H-NMR). The surface properties of these compounds such as surface tension, interfacial tension, emulsion stability, wetting power, foam height, solubilization and dispersant properties in disperse dye systems were determined and evaluated. A comparative study was done between the chemical structures and surface properties of these compounds. Biodegradability and stability to hydrolysis in acidic and alkaline medium were also determined and evaluated.

Title: Artificial polarization effects on f-a1 : sr2+ lasers and no interactions at nacl(001) surface: first principles calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)[ 1 ] ; Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)[ 2 ] ; Ammar, HY (Ammar, H. Y.)[ 3 ]
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Artificial polarization effects on two practically important applications of the title color center, namely laser light generation and adsorbate-substrate interactions are investigated by using quantum mechanical CIS and DFT ab initio methods. Clusters of variable sizes were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surface, and ions that were the nearest neighbors to the defect site were allowed to relax to equilibrium to calculate the optical properties. The positive point charges surrounding the border anions of the "small" clusters were replaced by "real" cations to account for artificial polarization effects. The dependence of the calculated transition energies of F-A1:Sr2+ lasers and related optical properties such as optical-optical conversion efficiency, relaxed excited states of the defect-containing surface, orientational destruction of the point defect, recording sensitivity, and the Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule on artificial polarization effects was examined. The dependance of the adsorption energies of NO at NaCl (001) surface, as well as the coadsorption of NO, and the charge transfer reactions between NO and the paramagnetic chlorine vacancy on artificial polarization effects was also examined and the results were explained in terms of electrostatic potential curves. Some of the calculated properties were found to be sensitive to artificial polarization effects while others were found to be insensitive providing a support to the relatively small cluster models. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Spin transition energies of cr in complexes and co binding with cr deposited on s2- and se2- anion impurities of mgo (001) surface density functional theory calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)[ 1 ] ; Assem, MM (Assem, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; Soliman, KA (Soliman, K. A.)[ 1 ]
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An attempt has been made to analyze the spin transition energies of Cr, a representative example of transition metals, in a variety of complexes formed at regular (001) surfaces of MgO, as well as the adsorption of CO by means of hybrid density functional theory calculations and embedded cluster models. Clusters of moderate sizes are embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces. While the spin states of Cr are reduced and preserved in all complexes, be they defect-free or-defect containing, the combined effects of the adsorbate and the substrate in the defect-free OC.Cr.Mg9O13O2- complex were strong enough to favor the low-spin state and to quench the spin. The deposited Cr atoms enhance the adsorption of CO. The significant weakening of bond strength between OC and Cr in complexes supports the concept of bond order conservation. The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis reveals that the electronic structure of the adsorbed metal represents a qualitative change with respect to that of the free metal. The effects of spin contamination on the geometry, Mulliken charges and adsorption energy are examined. The binding of CO precursor is dominated by the E (i)(Cr.CO) pairwise additive components, and the role of the support was not restricted to supporting the metal. Relations are established between the process of spin transition and the energy gaps between frontier orbitals. The results show that the spin state of adsorbed metal atoms on oxide supports and the role of precursor molecules in the properties of spin transition energies of Cr in complexes need to be explicitly taken into account.

Title: Multiplicity distributions in mg-24-emulsion collisions at 4.5 a gev/c.
Authors: Solite, ME (Solite, M. E.)[ 2 ] ; El-Daiem, AA (El-Daiem, A. Abd)[ 1 ]
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The experimental results of target multiplicity distributions in Mg-24 emulsion collisions at 4.5 A GeV/c are reported. The multiplicity distributions of target fragments, the correlations between the multiplicity distributions and the projectile fragments, as well as the correlations between the black and gray fragments are given. A comparison between theory and experiment among Mg-24 and O-16 at various energies is reported too.

Title: Corrosion inhibition of copper in nitric acid solution using some secondary amines
Authors: Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 2 ] ; Atya, AM (Atya, A. M.)[ 2 ] ; Sabaa, HD (Sabaa, H. D.)[ 1 ]
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Copper corrosion inhibition in 0.1 M nitric acid (HNO3) solution by some secondary amines, namely, dibutyl amine (C8H20N), diethyl amine (C4H11N), and diphenyl amine (C12H11N), was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) techniques. A significant decrease in the corrosion rate of copper was observed in the presence of the investigated compounds. The corrosion rate was found to depend on the concentration, temperature, and type of inhibitor. The adsorption of these compounds was found to follow the Temkin adsorption isotherm. Tafel polarization data indicated that the investigated amines were inhibiting both cathodic and anodic reactions. The thermodynamic activation parameters of copper dissolution in 0.1 M HNO3 were determined and discussed. The results obtained from the three different techniques were in good agreement. Clear correlation was found between corrosion inhibition efficiency and theoretical parameters obtained from the PM3 semi-empirical method. The experimental results are supported by the theoretical data.

Title: The role of f-a1 : ag+ defects in laser light generation and coadsorption of co and halogen atoms at the kcl and kbr surface sites. first principles calculations
Authors: Abdelrazik, SA (Abdelrazik, Safaa Abdelaal)[ 1 ] ; Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, Ahmed Said)[ 1 ]
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FA1: Ag+ color center at the low coordination (100) and (110) surface sites of KCl and KBr thin films play an important role in providing tunable laser oscillation and adsorbatesubstrate interactions. Double-well potentials at this site are investigated using ab initio molecular electronic structure calculations. The calculated Stokes shifted (optical transition bands), optical-optical conversion efficiencies, the probability of orientational destruction, exciton (energy) transfer and Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule suggest that laser light generation is sensitive to (i) the lattice anion, (ii) the coordination number of surface ions, and (iii) the choice of the basis set centered on the anion vacancy. The adsorbate-substrate interactions were found to be dependent on the electronegativity of the adatom and on the lattice anion. Optimised geometries and the coadsorption of CO and (F, Cl, Br, I) on KCl and KBr (100) crystals are presented. Calculated chemisorption energies for CO on the (halogen atom/defect free sites of KCl and KBr (100) crystals) showed that the coadsorption of halogen atom tends to block other adsorbate-substrate interactions at the nearest neighbour sites. Thus if halogen atom coverage increases, the CO prefers to be adsorbed on the K+ site of the KCl and KBr (100) surfaces and on KBr relative to KCl. (C) Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. All rights reserved.

Title: Thermal radiation and magnetohydrodynamic effects on heat unsteady fluid onto stretching surface
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, GM (Abdel-Rahman, Gamal M.)[ 1 ]
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In this paper, the thermal radiation and magnetic field effects on unsteady heat, mass, and fluid flow over a horizontal stretching surface have been obtained and studied numerically. The governing continuity, momentum, energy, and concentration equations were converted into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by means of similarity transformation. The resulting system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations was solved numerically. Numerical results were presented for velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles for different parameters of the problem as unsteadiness parameter, radiation parameter, magnetic field parameter, temperature buoyancy parameter, Prandtl parameter, heat source parameter, Schmidt parameter, chemical reaction parameter, Lewis number, and others. Also, the effects of the pertinent parameters on the skin friction, the rate of heat, and mass transfer were obtained and discussed numerically, and illustrated graphically.

Title: Natural oils as corrosion inhibitors for stainless steel in sodium hydroxide solutions
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Zaafarany, I (Zaafarany, I.); Khairou, KS (Khairou, K. S.); Emad, Y (Emad, Y.)
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We used electrochemical techniques (galvanostatic and potentiodynamic anodic polarization methods and also electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) to study corrosion inhibition by some natural oils (parsley, lettuce, sesame, arugula, and sweet almond oils) on the corrosion of type 304 stainless steel in 0.1 M NaOH solution. We show that the inhibition efficiency increases as the concentration of these oils increases. The inhibiting effect was attributed to adsorption of the major components of these oils on the stainless steel surface. The adsorption process is described by a Langmuir isotherm. It was found that incorporation of chloride ions in a 0.1 M NaOH solution accelerates pitting corrosion of the stainless steel as a result of shifting the pitting potential toward more negative values. Addition of the natural oils under study to sodium hydroxide solutions containing chloride ions shifts the pitting potential toward more positive values, indicating increased resistance of the steel to pitting corrosion. As the concentration of the oils under study in the solution increases, the charge transfer resistance increases while the capacitance of the double layer decreases.

Title: Some schiff base compounds as inhibitors for corrosion of carbon steel in acidic media
Authors: Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 2 ] ; Medhat, M (Medhat, M.)[ 1 ]
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The corrosion behavior of carbon steel in 0.5 M HCl solution in the absence and presence of new five Schiff bases of indole derivatives was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. All the experimental results show that these Schiff bases have excellent corrosion inhibition performance. The polarization curves show that these compounds act as mixed type inhibitors. The adsorption of these Schiff bases on carbon steel surface is consistent with Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the rate of corrosion in the absence and presence of these compounds were also studied. Some thermodynamic functions were computed and discussed. The results obtained by the three different electrochemical techniques were in good agreement.

Title: Repellent and insecticide activity of pelargonium x hortorum against spodoptera littoralis (boisd.)
Authors: Farag, M (Farag, Mohamed)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, MHM (Ahmed, Mohamed H. M.)[ 2 ] ; Yousef, H (Yousef, Heba)[ 1 ] ; El-Badawey, SS (El-Badawey, Samy S.)[ 1 ] ; Abd El-Ghany, MA (Abd El-Ghany, Melegi A.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Rahman, AAH (Abdel-Rahman, Adel A. -H.)[ 3 ]
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Insecticide and repellent activity of an acetone extract and oil from fresh leaves of Pelargonium x hortorum (cv. Orangesonne) were evaluated against the 2nd and 4th instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The oil showed medium toxicity against the 2nd instar and low toxicity against the 4th instar larvae, while the extract showed high significant toxicity at all concentrations tested against the two instars. On the other hand, both oil and extract exhibited highly significant repellency against the two tested instars. Volatile constituents of the oil were also identified by GC-MS analysis.

Title: Pedots-pcnbms polymer-fullerene bhj solar cells: quantum mechanical calculations of photovoltaic and photophysical properties
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)[ 1 ] ; Assem, MM (Assem, M. M.)[ 1 ]
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The band gaps, geometries, electronic structures, polarizabilities, hyperpolarizabilities, dipole moments, UV-visible, IR, H-1 and C-13 NMR of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and its fluorine derivatives-C-n and [6,6] phenyl C-n butyric acid methyl esters (PCnBMs) bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells are investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependant density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. We aim to optimize the performance of these solar cells by altering the frontier orbital energy gaps of polymers and fullerenes. This was done by functionalizing the polymers backbones with electron withdrawing fluorines step-by step, and by adding phenyl butyric acid methyl ester to the buckminster C-60 and C-70 fullerenes. The theoretical data were compared with the available experimental data. Based on the strategy of reducing the bandgaps, the trifluoro derivative of PEDOT-buckminster C-70 fullerene blend (out of 24 blends) was found to be the best candidate for power conversion efficiency (PCE). The addition of fluorine atoms to the polymer backbone is effective in lowering both HOMOs and LUMOs. Conformational analysis confirms that the coplanar property of thiophene polymers are not destroyed by the incorporation of fluorine atoms. While strong localization of HOMOs occurs on the PEDOT donor subunits, strong delocaliztion of LUMOs occurs on the bridges between the subunits, proving the flow of the electron density along the polymer backbone. The polarizability term beta(xxx) and dipole moment mu(x) increase with increasing the power conversion efficiency. The absorption band that corresponds to the maximum coefficient of the PEDOT in vacuum is marginally shifted under the effect of incorporating fluorines. Vibrational analysis shows that functionalizing PEDOT leads to a more conjugated polymer backbone and enhances the charge transfer to an acceptor. The power conversion efficiency of the solar cell increases with increasing the chemical shifts of the constituent C, H, and O atoms. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Antibacterial cephalosporin as inhibitors for the corrosion of iron in hydrochloric acid solutions
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1,3 ] ; Zaafarany, I (Zaafarany, I.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Fahemi, JH (Al-Fahemi, J. H.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, Y (Abdallah, Y.)[ 2 ] ; Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 2 ]
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The inhibition efficiency of the antibacterial cephalosporin e.g. cefotaxime, cefalexin, cefradine and cefazolin toward the corrosion of iron in 1.0 M HCl was investigated using electrochemical techniques. The results of these techniques indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased with the concentration of inhibitor but decreased with temperature. Potentiodynamic studies proved that the inhibitors act as mixed mode of inhibition and the inhibitor molecules adsorb on the metal-solution interface. The adsorption of the inhibitors on iron surface obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation. All impedance spectra in EIS tests exhibit one capacitive loop which indicates that the corrosion reaction is controlled by charge transfer process. Inhibition efficiencies obtained from Tafel polarization, charge transfer resistance (R-ct) is consistent.

Title: Corrosion inhibitors part v: qsar of benzimidazole and 2-substituted derivatives as corrosion inhibitors by using the quantum chemical parameters
Authors: El Ashry, EH (El Ashry, El Sayed H.)[ 1 ] ; El Nemr, A (El Nemr, Ahmed)[ 1,3 ] ; Essawy, SA (Essawy, Samy A.)[ 2 ] ; Ragab, S (Ragab, Safaa)[ 1 ]
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Quantum chemical SCF calculations of some parameters of benzimidazoles were correlated with their inhibition efficiency in case of steel in aqueous acidic medium. Geometric structures, total negative charge on the molecule (TNC), highest occupied molecular orbital (E-HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (E-LUMO), dipole moment (mu) and linear solvation energy terms, molecular volume (V-i) and dipolar-polarization (pi*) were correlated to corrosion inhibition efficiency. The correlation between quantum parameters obtained by AMI calculation and experimental inhibition efficiency has been validated by single point calculations for the semi-empirical AMI structure using B3LYP/6-31G* as a higher level of theory. Equations were proposed using linear regression analysis to calculate corrosion inhibition efficiency. It was established that the increase of the orbital energies E-HOMO favors the inhibition efficiency toward steel corrosion. The proposed linear equations were applied to predict the corrosion inhibition efficiency of some related structures in order to select molecules of possible activity from a library compounds. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Determination of the electrons temperature in a dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Hassouba, MA (Hassouba, M. A.)
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Atmospheric dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) are typically used for activation and modification of surfaces, sterilization, bioactivation and deposition of coating barriers. Atmospheric DBDs have the advantage that, at a relatively high pressure, a cold but chemically active plasma is created. Spectra from the ozone synthesis system, using oxygen gas, have been detected in the range 300-400 nm. The dependences of the spectral intensity on the discharge voltage and the oxygen pressure has been studied. The half-width of the detected lines has been found to be within 20 angstrom approximately. The electron temperature within a microdischarge has been estimated by using the relative intensity of the line-to-line ratio technique of the identified spectral lines. An average mean electrons temperature of 3.6 eV has been obtained and found to be insensitive to gas pressure variation.

Title: A convenient synthesis of novel functionalized pyrimido[5 ',4 ':4,5]thieno[3,2-c]pyridazines and related fused systems
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, A. A.)
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Possible approaches to the synthesis of functionalized, pyrimido[5',4':4,5]thieno [3,2-c]pyridazines 2-18, pyridazino[3',4':4,5]thieno[2,3-d]triazines 19, 20a,b and pyrido[3',2':4,5]thieno[3,2-c]pyridazines 22a,b are described. The sequence involves the heterocyclization of 6-amino-1,3-diphenyl-1,4-dihydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridazine-7-carboxamide (1) with appropriate reagents. The antimicrobial activity of some the newly synthesized compounds was examined. All tested compounds proved to be active as antibacterial and antifungal agents.

Title: Structural controls, temperature-pressure conditions and fluid evolution of orogenic gold mineralisation at the betam mine, south eastern desert, egypt
Authors: Zoheir, BA (Zoheir, Basem A.)[ 1 ]
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The Betam gold deposit, located in the southern Eastern Desert of Egypt, is related to a series of milky quartz veins along a NNW-trending shear zone, cutting through pelitic metasedimentary rocks and small masses of pink granite. This shear zone, along with a system of discrete shear and fault zones, was developed late in the deformation history of the area. Although slightly sheared and boudinaged within the shear zone, the auriferous quartz veins are characterised by irregular walls with a steeply plunging ridge-in-groove lineation. Shear geometry of rootless intra-folial folds and asymmetrical strain shadows around the quartz lenses suggests that vein emplacement took place under a brittle-ductile shear regime, clearly post-dating the amphibolite-facies regional metamorphism. Hydrothermal alteration is pervasive in the wallrock metapelites and granite including sericitisation, silicification, sulphidisation and minor carbonatisation. Ore mineralogy includes pyrite, arsenopyrite and subordinate galena, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite and gold. Gold occurs in the quartz veins and adjacent wallrocks as inclusions in pyrite and arsenopyrite, blebs and globules associated with galena, fracture fillings in deformed arsenopyrite or as thin, wire-like rims within or around rhythmic goethite. Presence of refractory gold in arsenopyrite and pyrite is inferred from microprobe analyses. Clustered and intra-granular trail-bound aqueous-carbonic (L-CO2+L-aq +/- V-CO2) inclusions are common in cores of the less deformed quartz crystals, whereas carbonic (L-CO2 +/- V-CO2) and aqueous H2O-NaCl (L+V) inclusions occur along inter-granular and trans-granular trails. Clathrate melting temperatures indicate low salinities of the fluid (3-8 wt.% NaCl eq.). Homogenisation temperatures of the aqueous-carbonic inclusions range between 297 and 323 degrees C, slightly higher than those of the intra-granular and inter-granular aqueous inclusions (263-304 degrees C), which are likely formed during grain boundary migration. Homogenisation temperatures of the trans-granular H2O-NaCl inclusions are much lower (130-221 degrees C), implying different fluids late in the shear zone formation. Fluid densities calculated from aqueous-carbonic inclusions along a single trail are between 0.88 and 0.98 g/cm(3), and the resulting isochores suggest trapping pressures of 2-2.6 kbar. Based on the arsenopyrite-pyrite-pyrrhotite cotectic, arsenopyrite (30.4-30.7 wt.% As) associated with gold inclusions indicates a temperature range of 325-344 degrees C. This ore paragenesis constrains f(S2) to the range of 10(-10) to 10(-8.5) bar. Under such conditions, gold was likely transported mainly as bisulphide complexes by low salinity aqueous-carbonic fluids and precipitated because of variations in pH and f(O2) through pressure fluctuation and CO2 effervescence as the ore fluids infiltrated the shear zone, along with precipitation of carbonate and sericite. Wallrock sulphidation also likely contributed to destabilising the gold-bisulphide complexes and precipitating gold in the hydrothermal alteration zone adjacent to the mineralised quartz veins.

Title: A global approach to the theory of special finsler manifolds
Authors: Youssef, NL (Youssef, Nabil Labib)[ 1 ] ; Abed, SH (Abed, Sayed Hassan)[ 1 ] ; Soleiman, A (Soleiman, Amr)[ 2 ]
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The aim of the present paper is to provide a global presentation of the theory of special Finsler manifolds. We introduce and investigate globally (or intrinsically, free from local coordinates) many of the most important and most commonly used special Finsler manifolds: locally Minkowskian, Berwald, Landesberg, general Latidesberg, P-reducible, C-reducible, semi-C-reducible, quasi-C-reducible, P*-Finsler, C-h-recurrent, C-v-recurrent, CO-recurrent, S'-recurrent, S'-recurrent of the second order, C-2-like, S-3-like, S-4-like, P-2-like, R-3-like, P-symmetric, h-isotropic, of scalar curvature, of constant curvature, of p-scalar curvature, of s-ps-curvature. The global definitions of these special Finsler manifolds are introduced. Various relationships between the different types of the considered special Finsler manifolds are found. Many local results, known in the literature, are proved globally and several new results are obtained. As a by-product, interesting identities and properties concerning the torsion tensor fields and the curvature tensor fields are deduced. Although our investigation is entirely global, we provide; for comparison reasons, an appendix presenting a local counterpart of our global approach and the local definitions of the special Finsler spaces considered.

Title: Stability of a monotonic solution of a non-autonomous multidimensional delay differential equation of arbitrary (fractional) order
Authors: El-Sayed, AMA (El-Sayed, A. M. A.)[ 1 ] ; El-Maghrabi, EM (El-Maghrabi, E. M.)[ 2 ]
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We are concerned here with the existence of monotonic and uniformly asymptotically stable solution of an initial-value problem of non-autonomous delay differential equations of arbitrary (fractional) orders.

Title: Utility of some pi-acceptors for spectrophotometric determination of gatifloxacin in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Gouda, AAF (Gouda, Ayman Abouel Fetouh)[ 1 ] ; El-Sheikh, R (El-Sheikh, Ragaa)[ 1 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa Sayed)[ 2 ]
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Four simple, quick and sensitive methods are described for the spectrophotometric determination of gatifloxacin. The methods are based on the reaction of gatifloxacin as n-electron donor with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ); 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ); chloranilic acid (CLA) and p-chloranil (CL) as pi-acceptors to give highly colored complex species. The colored products are quantitated spectrophotometrically at 460, 841, 530 and 545 nm for DDQ, TCNQ, CLA and CL, respectively. Optimization of the different experimental conditions is described. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 5 - 60, 1.5 - 18, 30 - 360 and 20 - 240 mu g ml(-1) of gatifloxacin, but for more accurate analysis, Ringbom optimum concentration range was found to be 7.5 - 55, 3 - 16, 35 - 350 and 25 - 230 mu g ml(-1) of gatifloxacin for DDQ, TCNQ, CLA and CL, respectively. The limits of detection and quantification were calculated and the relative standard deviations for different concentrations of gatifloxacin using various acceptors were < 1.28%. The association constants of 1 : I complexes and standard free energy changes using Benesi - Hildebrand plots were studied. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of gatifloxacin in pharmaceutical dosage forms without interference from common additives encountered.

Title: Influence of delaying addition time of superplasticizers on chemical process and properties of cement pastes
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 1 ] ; Aiad, I (Aiad, Ismail)[ 2 ]
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This paper presents the influence of delaying addition time of water-soluble polymer based on poly condensate products namely; sulphonate melamine (SMFF) and melamine-urea formaldehyde-free (SMUFF) on physico-chemical properties of cement pastes. The superplasticizers were added by two different methods, a) either together with mixing water (simultaneous addition time) or h) later addition, after specified time (delalyed addition time). The minislump was determined at different time intervals namely 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The electrical conductivity of cement pastes admixed with and without superplasticizers was also studied. The results show that the initial electrical conductivity decreases with the delayed time of admixture addition. Delaying addition time from 10 to 15 minutes resulted in an increase in the height of electrical conductivity maximum. Delaying addition time enhances the fluidity of cement pastes than simultaneous addition time. From the results it has been shown that the enthalpy values corresponding to the decomposition of the calcium silicate, calcium aluminate and sulphoaulminate hydrated phases as well as Ca(OH)(2) decrease in superplasticized specimens when compared to neat cement paste. This is attributed to the retardation effect of the superplasticizer The maximum retardation was shown at 20 minutes delaying addition time.

Title: Antimicrobial activity of the cyanobacteria anabaena wisconsinense and oscillatoria curviceps against pathogens of fish in aquaculture
Authors: El-Sheekh, MM (El-Sheekh, Mostafa M.)[ 1 ] ; Dawahz, AM (Dawahz, Aida M.)[ 3 ] ; El-Rahman, AMA (El-Rahman, Azza M. Abd)[ 2 ] ; El-Adel, HM (El-Adel, Harried M.)[ 4 ] ; El-Hay, RAA (El-Hay, Reham A. Abd)[ 3 ]
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Cultures of the blue green algae (cyanobacteria) Anabaena wisconsinense and Oscillatoria curviceps were isolated from fish farms and their antimicrobial effects were studied. Solvent extracts of exponential phase algae were screened for antimicrobial activity against different species of Gram positive (Lactobacillus sp. and Bacillus firmus) and Gram negative (Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas anguilliseptica) bacteria and the fungi (Aspergillus niger and Saprolegnia parasitica) which were all isolated from diseased fish. Maximum antimicrobial activity was observed with ethanolic extract of O. curviceps against Lactobacillus sp. and Aeromonas hydrophilia, whereas, methanol extracts of A. wisconsinense and O. curviceps had antibacterial effects against B. firmus, A. hydrophila, P. fluorescens, P. anguilliseptica, and the fungi A. niger and S. parasitica. It was also observed that solvent extracts of A. wisconsinense when injected into Oreochromis niloticus which was already injected intraperitoneally with 2 x 10(6) CFU/ml P. anguilliseptica significantly decreased fish mortality from 50 to 12.5%.

Title: Voltammetric behavior and determination of cinnarizine in pharmaceutical formulations and serum
Authors: El-Sayed, GO (El-Sayed, G. O.)[ 1 ] ; Yasin, SA (Yasin, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; El Badawy, AA (El Badawy, A. A.)[ 1 ]
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The electrochemical reduction of cinnarizine was investigated by cyclic and linear sweep adsorptive voltammetry at glassy carbon electrode in Britton-Robinson buffers over the pH range 2.5-11.5. For analytical purposes, a well-defined adsorption-controlled cathodic peak was obtained at pH 2.5. By cathodic adsorptive linear sweep voltammetry, a linear calibration plot was obtained in the range of 2.010-7 to 5.010-6mol L-1 with detection limit of 9.010-9mol L-1. The method was successfully applied to the determination of cinnarizine in commercial formulations with mean recovery and relative standard deviation of 100.24% and 1.46, respectively. The proposed method was also applied for drug determination in spiked serum samples by applying the standard addition method with a mean recovery of 97.80% and standard deviation of 3.06.

Title: Comparison of ion-pairing and reversed phase liquid chromatography in determination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Shahat, MFE (Shahat, Mohammed F. El.)[ 2 ] ; Edeen, RE (Edeen, R. E.); Meshref, MA (Meshref, Mohammed A.)[ 2 ]
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Two simple, rapid, and sensitive HPLC methods have been developed for the simultaneous determination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in their pure and dosage forms, one utilizing reversed phase HPLC and the other ion-pair HPLC. In the reversed phase HPLC method (A) the mobile phase consists of 0.05% aqueous solution of formic acid with pH adjusted to 4.50.2 with triethylamine:acetonitrile:tetrahydrofuran 50:49:1 (v/v), and the mobile phase pumped at flow rate of 1.0ml min-1. An Appolo LC18 column (5.0m), 250mm length4.6mm diameter, was utilized as the stationary phase. Detection was affected spectrophotometrically at 254nm. In the ion-pair HPLC method (B) the mobile phase consisted of methanol:buffer 35:65 (v/v) with the buffer composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3M and sodium heptan sulfonic acid 5.0mM. To 500ml of buffer was added 2.0ml triethylamine, and then the pH was adjusted to 5.0 with phosphoric acid, and the mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 1.2ml min-1. A Hypersil C18 column (5.0m), 150mm length4.6mm diameter, was utilized as the stationary phase. Detection was affected spectrophotometrically at 254nm. Linearity ranges for sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim were 1.0-110 and 1.5-98g ml-1, respectively, with method A and 0.5-100 and 1.0-125gml-1, respectively, with method (B). Minimum detection limits obtained were 0.1969 and 0.3451gml-1 for sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, respectively, with method A, and 0.1377 and 0.2454gml-1 with method (B). The proposed methods were further applied to the analysis of tablets containing the two drugs, and the results were satisfied.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of some fluoroquinolone derivatives in dosage forms and biological fluids using ion-pair complex formation
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Moustafa, ME (Moustafa, Moustafa E.)[ 1 ] ; El-Dosoky, RMS (El-Dosoky, Reham M. S.)[ 1 ]
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A simple, rapid, sensitive, and reproducible procedure for assaying norfloxacin (NOR), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and ofloxacin (OFL) was investigated. The procedure is based on the reaction of selected drugs with Sudan II (I), Congo red (II), and Gentian violet (III) in universal buffer to give soluble ion-pair complexes. The effects of various parameters have been studied. Beer's law plots were obeyed in the concentration ranges 0.5-11 mu g ml(-1), whereas Ringbom optimum ranges were 0.7-9.5 mu g ml(-1). The apparent molar absorptivity (6.4 x 10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1)), Sandell sensitivity (4.99 ng cm(-2)), detection (0.13 mu g ml(-1)), and quantification (0.44 mu g ml(-1)) limits were calculated. The relative standard deviation for ten determinations, for samples containing 4.0 mu g ml(-1), was found to be 1.40%. The influence of commonly employed excipients in the determination of the studied drugs was examined. There was no interference from degradate product results from thermal and hydrolytic treatments. The results obtained by the proposed procedure were statistically validated. The developed procedure was successfully applied to the determination of the studied drugs in dosage forms and biological fluids.

Title: Three spectrophotometric methods for the determination of oxomemazine hydrochloride in bulk and in pharmaceutical formulations using bromocresol green, congo red, and methyl orange
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 2 ] ; El-Mossalamy, MA (El-Mossalamy, Mohamed A.)[ 1 ] ; Killa, HM (Killa, Hamada M.)[ 1 ] ; Saber, AL (Saber, Amr L.)[ 1 ]
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Three simple, sensitive, and highly accurate spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of oxomemazine hydrochloride (OXO-HCl) in bulk and in pharmaceutical formulations. These methods are based on the formation of yellow ion-pair complexes between the examined drug and bromocresol green (BCG), congo red (CR), and methyl orange (MO) as reagents in universal buffer solution of pH 3.0, 5.5, and 3.5, respectively. The formed complexes were extracted with chloroform and measured at 413, 495, and 484nm, respectively for the three systems. The best conditions of the reaction were studied and optimized. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration ranges 2.0-18.0, 2.0-14.0, and 2.0-16.0 mu g ml(-1) with molar absorptivity of 4.1 x 10(4), 1.1 x 10(4), and 3.5 x 10(4) mol(-1)cm(-1), for the BCG, CR, and MO methods, respectively. Sandell's sensitivity, correlation coefficient, detection, and quantification limits are also calculated. The proposed methods have been applied successfully for the analysis of the drug in pure and in its dosage forms. No interference was observed from common pharmaceutical excipients and additives. Statistical comparison of the results with those obtained by HPLC method shows excellent agreement and indicates no significant difference in accuracy and precision.

Title: Spin quenching of mn in complexes and co binding with mn deposited on mgo and cao supports: dft calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, Ahmad S.)[ 1 ] ; Aal, SA (Aal, Safaa Abdel)[ 1 ] ; Halim, WSA (Halim, Wael S. Abdel)[ 2 ] ; Abdullah, N (Abdullah, Noha)[ 2 ]
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An attempt has been made to analyze the spin quenching properties of Mn, as a representative of transition metals, in Mn center dot MgO, Mn center dot CaO, OC center dot Mn center dot MgO, and OC center dot Mn center dot CaO complexes formed at the regular (001) surfaces of MgO and CaO, as well as the adsorption of CO on Mn deposited on MgO and CaO by means of hybrid density functional theory calculations and embedded cluster model. Clusters of moderate sizes were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surfaces. A test has been made to examine the effect of artificial flow of charge. While the spin states of Mn in Mn center dot MgO and Mn center dot CaO complexes are preserved, the combined effects of adsorbate and substrate in OC center dot Mn center dot MgO and OC center dot Mn center dot CaO complexes are strong enough to favor the low spin states and to quench the spin. The deposited Mn atoms enhance the adsorption of CO on MgO and CaO surfaces. The significant weakening of bond strength between OC and Mn in complexes supports the concept of bond order conservation. The relation between the strength of CO adsorption and the basicity of the support is verified. The natural bond orbital analysis reveals that the electronic structure of the adsorbed metal represents a qualitative change with respect to that of the free metal. The effects of spin contamination on the geometry, Mulliken charges, and adsorption energy are examined. The binding of CO precursor is dominated by the E(i)Mn center dot CO pairwise additive components in MgO and CaO complexs, and the role of the support is not restricted to supporting the metal. The adsorbed CO molecules exhibit no remarkable deviation from linearity. Finally, relations are established between the process of spin quenching and the energy gaps between frontier orbitals. The results show that the spin state of adsorbed metal atoms on oxide supports and the role of precursor molecules on the magnetic and binding properties of complexes need to be explicitly taken into account. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Title: Synthesis and optical properties of cds quantum dots embedded in silica matrix thin films and their applications as luminescent solar concentrators
Authors: Reda, SM (Reda, S. M.)
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US quantum dot (QD) solar concentrators were prepared by a sol - gel spin coating method. Thin films were prepared at different annealing temperatures and characterized by X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques. The effect of temperature on the optical properties of US QDs embedded in silica matrix was assessed before and after exposure of the samples to sunlight for up to 4 weeks. The results show that as the annealing temperature increases, the fluorescent intensity and Stokes shift decrease. Therefore lower temperatures are preferable for the preparation of highly efficient QD solar concentrator systems. (c) 2007 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Variable viscosity and slip velocity effects on the flow and heat transfer of a power-law fluid over a non-linearly stretching surface with heat flux and thermal radiation
Authors: Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)
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The flow and heat transfer of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid over a non-linearly stretching surface has been studied numerically under conditions of constant heat flux and thermal radiation and evaluated for the effect of wall slip. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a set of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations which are using appropriate boundary conditions for various physical parameters. The remaining set of ordinary differential equations is solved numerically by fourth-order Runge-Kutta method using the shooting technique. The effects of the viscosity, the slip velocity, the radiation parameter, power-law index, and the Prandtl number on the flow and temperature profiles are presented. Moreover, the local skin friction and Nusselt numbers are presented. Comparison of numerical results is made with the earlier published results under limiting cases.

Title: Template-free hydrothermal derived cobalt oxide nanopowders: synthesis, characterization, and removal of organic dyes
Authors: Nassar, MY (Nassar, Mostafa Y.)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, Ibrahim S.)[ 1 ]
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Pure spinel cobalt oxide nanoparticles were prepared through hydrothermal approach using different counter ions. First, the pure and uniform cobalt carbonate (with particle size of 21.8-29.8 nm) were prepared in high yield (94%) in an autoclave in absence unfriendly organic surfactants or solvents by adjusting different experimental parameters such as: pH, reaction time, temperature, counter ions, and (Co2+:CO32-) molar ratios. Thence, the spinel Co3O4 (with mean particle size of 30.5-47.35 nm) was produced by thermal decomposition of cobalt carbonate in air at 500 degrees C for 3 h. The products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and thermal analysis (TA). Also, the optical characteristics of the as-prepared Co3O4 nanoparticles revealed the presence of two band gaps (1.45-1.47, and 1.83-1.93 eV). Additionally, adsorption of methylene blue dye on Co3O4 nanoparticles was investigated and the uptake% was found to be >99% in 24 h. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Cotio3 via cobalt oxalate-tio2 precursor. synthesis and characterization
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Hameed, SA (Hameed, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; Obaid, AY (Obaid, A. Y.)[ 1 ]
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Purely trigonal ilmenite type powder; CoTiO3 was successfully synthesized through the thermal decomposition of CoC2O4 center dot 2H(2)O-TiO2 precursor. The decomposition course was followed using differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry measurements and the intermediate decomposition products as well as the titanate product were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, transmission electron microscopy techniques. Thermal analysis study indicated that, the intermediate decomposition product; Co3O4 decomposed endothermically into CoO at 963 degrees C with instantaneous formation of CoTiO3. X-ray diffraction of the powder calcined at 950 degrees C showed characteristic lines for Co2TiO4 besides secondary phase of rutile-TiO2, which are disappeared by rising the calcination temperature to 1000 degrees C. Transmission electron microscopy image of CoTiO3 powder exhibit weak agglomerated particles with heterogeneous morphology in both shape and dimensions. Type II adsorption isotherm estimated using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller procedure indicated a very high specific surface area of 29.7 m(2) g(-1). Electrical properties of CoTiO3 measured as a function of temperature and frequency showed a semiconducting behavior at high temperatures with conduction activation energy of 0.73 eV. Kinetic analysis of the non-isothermal thermogravimetry curves, using different computational methods, illustrated that the random nucleation and growth mechanisms are the predominant one. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Stigmasterol treatment increases salt stress tolerance of faba bean plants by enhancing antioxidant systems
Authors: Hassanein, RA (Hassanein, R. A.)[ 1 ] ; Hashem, HA (Hashem, H. A.)[ 1 ] ; Khalil, RR (Khalil, R. R.)[ 2 ]
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The effect of different concentrations of NaCl (100, 150, and 200 mM) on cell membrane stability, photosynthetic pigment and carbohydrate contents, antioxidant enzymes activities, glutathione contents, and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde content) in faba bean (Vicia faba) leaves were investigated. In addition, the role of stigmasterol, a promising plant development regulatory substance in increasing tolerance to salt stress was evaluated. The results revealed that salt-stressed bean plants treated with stigmasterol had an increased membrane stability index, and photosynthetic pigment and carbohydrate contents compared with salt-stressed plants untreated with stigmasterol. The level of antioxidant system components (catalase, ascorbic acid peroxidase, and reduced glutathione) increased in response to stigmasterol treatment. Enhanced antioxidant activities helped to decrease oxidative damage from salt and develop tolerance against salt stress in stigmasterol-treated faba bean plants. An increase in the degree of salt tolerance induced by stigmasterol was indicated by the improvement of the membrane stability index, photosynthetic activity and consequently the carbohydrate pool. The data provided evidence that stigmasterol treatment reduced the adverse effects of salt stress on faba bean plants, and might play a key role in providing stress tolerance by stimulation of the antioxidant system as a stress protection mechanism.

Title: No existence of black holes at lhc due to minimal length in quantum gravity
Authors: Ali, AF (Ali, Ahmed Farag)
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We investigate the impact of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP), proposed by some approaches to quantum gravity such as String Theory and Doubly Special Relativity Theories (DSR) on the production of mini black holes, and show that the minimum black hole mass is formed at energies higher than the energy scales of LHC which possibly agrees with the recent experimental results of LHC [1, 2].

Title: Preparation, characterizations and conductivity of composite polymer electrolytes based on peo-liclo4 and nano zno filler
Authors: ElBellihi, AA (ElBellihi, Abdelhameed Ahmed)[ 1 ] ; Bayoumy, WA (Bayoumy, Wafaa Abdallah)[ 1 ] ; Masoud, EM (Masoud, Emad Mohamed)[ 1 ] ; Mousa, MA (Mousa, Mahmoud Ahmed)[ 1 ]
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Nano ZnO with an average size of 8 nm was prepared by thermal decomposition of zinc oxalate at 450 degrees C. A series of based composite polymer electrolyte PEO-LiClO4 and nano ZnO as a filler have been synthesized using solution cast technique, with varying the filler ratio systematically. XRD, DSC and FTIR studies have been conducted to investigate the structure and interaction of different groups in the composite polymer electrolyte. Effect of nano ZnO ceramic filler concentration on the structure of composites and their electrical properties (DC-conductivity, AC-conductivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss and impedance) at different frequencies and temperatures was studied. Melting temperature (T-m) of PEO decreased with the addition of both LiClO4 salt and nano ZnO filler due to increasing the amorphous state of polymer. All composite samples showed an ionic conductivity. The maximum room temperature ionic conductivity is found for (ZnO)(0.5)(PEO)(12)(LiClO4) composite sample. All the results are correlated and discussed.

Title: Synthesis of zsm-5 zeolite from rice husk ash: characterization and implications for photocatalytic degradation catalysts
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)[ 1 ] ; Zidan, FI (Zidan, F. I.)[ 2 ] ; Thabet, M (Thabet, M.)[ 2 ]
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Silica synthesized from raw rise husks (white particles) through submission to consecutive chemical treatment using NaOH and HCl solutions was well incorporated with other components forming zeolites; under hydrothermal conditions, to synthesize two series of ZSM-5 (Z) of different Si/Al ratios, namely Z40 and Z80. Transition metal oxides (V, Co) were incorporated with Z samples by in situ synthesis and by impregnation. Various techniques were employed for samples characterization including XRD, FTIR, SEM, N-2 adsorption and pyridine-FTIR. The photocatalytic activity of V and Co incorporated Z zeolites in addition to neat ZSM-5 samples towards degradation of acid green (AG) dye were well investigated and compared under similar conditions. The characterization results of the catalysts indicated that Z80 measured higher surface area (616 m(2)/g) and crystallites size (44.4 nm) than Z40 (536 m(2)/g and 35.8 nm) besides, Z40 signifies the presence of distinct phase of silica capable of decreasing the pore radius and volume of this particular sample (22.9 angstrom, 0.49 cm(3)/g) when compared with the former (25.3 angstrom, 0.623 cm(3)/g). The degradation rate of Z40 was 16 times higher than Z80 in presence of UV irradiation reflecting the importance of absorbability of silica phase present on Z40 as well as acidity and decreased crystallites size. V and Co impregnated Z (VZ(imp), CoZ(imp)) samples were found to exhibit higher and unique photocatalytic activities for AG degradation than in situ incorporated ones. CoZ80(imp) exhibited the highest activity (0.14 min(-1)) among all samples exceeding CoZ40(imp) (0.11 min(-1)) and VZ40(imp) (0.043 min(-1)). The enhanced photocatalytic activity of CoZ80(imp) is attributed to charge transfer excited complex between Co in Z along with AG ligand in addition to increasing the percentages Of Co3O4 and cobalt silicate moieties over those in CoZ40(imp) and to the higher surface area of CoZ80(imp), comparatively. More informations on local structures of metal oxides inside zeolites and their photocatalytic activities towards AG were deduced, correlated and discussed. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of nano-sized ceria powder via oxalate decomposition route
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Elroby, SAK (Elroby, Shabaan A. K.)[ 1 ] ; Obaid, AY (Obaid, A. Y.)[ 1 ]
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In this study, nano-sized powder of cerium (IV) oxide was prepared through the thermal decomposition reaction of Ce-2(C2O4)(3)center dot 10H(2)O. The thermal decomposition course was followed using differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry (DTA-TG) techniques. Kinetic analysis of the dynamic TG curves was carried out, to obtain kinetic parameters for the decomposition of cerium oxalate into ceria, using three integral methods: Ozawa, Coats-Redfern, and Diefallah composite method. The produced ceria as well as calcined samples at different temperatures up to 950 degrees C were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The change in the structural and morphological properties with heat treatment was studied. Surface area measurement was carried out for the calcined samples at different temperatures to characterize the surface properties of the investigated samples. Electrical property as a function of temperature and frequency was measured to determine the conductivity as well as the conduction activation energy and to describe the conduction mechanism. The density functional theory (DFT) was used to describe the chemical bonding characteristics of the prepared compound. The obtained results were discussed to show the effect of heat treatment on the structural, morphological, superficial and electrical properties of ceria. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Study of the solid phase extraction and spectrophotometric determination of nickel using 5-(4 '-chlorophenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione in environmental samples
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; AL-Attas, AS (AL-Attas, Amirah S.)[ 2 ]
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A rapid, sensitive and selective method for the determination of nickel based on the rapid reaction of nickel(II) with 5-(4'-chlorophenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (CPAHPD) and the solid phase extraction of the Ni(II)-CPAHPD complex with C18 membrane disks has been developed. In the presence of pH 6.8 buffer solution and cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB) medium, CPAHPD reacts with nickel to form a red complex of a molar ratio of 1:1 (nickel to CPAHPD). This complex was enriched by solid phase extraction (SPE) with C18 membrane disks. An enrichment factor of 100 was obtained by elution of the complex from the disks with the minimal amount of isopentyl alcohol. The molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity of the complex was 3.11 x 10(5) L mol(-1) cm(-1) and 0.0189 ng cm(-2), respectively at 549 nm in the measured solution. Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 0.01-0.37 mu g mL(-1), while that obtained by Ringbom plot was in the range of 0.025-0.35 mu g mL(-1). The detection and quantification limits were calculated and found to be 0.003 and 0.01 mu g mL(-1). The proposed method was applied to the determination of nickel in water, food, biological and soil samples with good results. (C) 2011 King Saud University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of delaying addition time of smf superplasticizer on the physico-mechanical properties and durability of cement pastes
Authors: El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 2 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 1 ] ; Khalil, KA (Khalil, Kh. A.)[ 2 ] ; Al-Masry, S (Al-Masry, S.)[ 2 ]
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This research aimed to investigate the influence of delaying addition time of laboratory prepared sulphonate melamine formaldehyde (SMF) superplasticizer on the physico-mechanical characteristics and durability of cement pastes subjected to elevated temperature up to 800 degrees C, or immersed in 4% MgSO4 and 4% MgCl2. The compressive strength increases with delayed addition time at 7.5 min up to 90 days. The cement pastes containing 1.0 mass% SMF superplasticizer, with delayed addition time at 7.5 min, has highest compressive strength, bulk density and lower total porosity. The presence of SMF superplasticizer with delaying addition time process of mixing increases the compressive strength, bulk density and decreases the total porosity. These work together to produce a compact structure, inhibiting the chloride and sulphate ions penetration, hence the total sulphate and chloride contents decrease. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Preparation of beta-dicalcium silicate (beta-c2s) and calcium sulfoaluminate (c(3)a(3)(cs)over-bar) phases using non-traditional nano-materials
Authors: El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 1 ] ; Khalil, KA (Khalil, Kh A.)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, IA (Ahmed, I. A.)[ 1 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 1 ]
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This paper describes the synthesis of some nano-compounds such as SiO2, Al(OH)(3), Ca(NO3)(2) and gypsum which can be used in the preparation of nano-beta-C2S as well as nano-C(3)A(3)(CS) over bar. The preparation of beta-C2S from nano-SiO2 and Ca(NO3)(2) in comparison with traditional materials such as Ca(CH3COO)(2), CaCO3 and silica quartz fired at different temperatures has been studied. Also, C(3)A(3)(CS) over bar, can be prepared from nano-materials such as Ca(NO3)(2) and Al(OH)(3) with pure gypsum in comparison with Ca(CH3COO)(2), CaCO3 and calcined Al2O3. The rate of formation of beta-C2S and C(3)A(3)(CS) over bar, can be also studied after firing with chemical and XRD methods. These phases were obtained by crystallization processing at differenr temperatures. The formation of these phases were monitored by measuring the free lime and insoluble residue contents as well as with the aid of XRD technique. The results showed that the extent of formation was found to be much higher with nano-materials as compared to those prepared in a conventional manner. The prepared belite phase with nano-silica and calcium nitrate reduces the temperature synthesis to 1150 degrees C. Also the preparation of C(3)A(3)(CS) over bar from nano-Al(OH)(3) and Ca(NO3)(2) and pure gypsum fired at 1290 degrees C, was the perfect composition to produce a well formed calcium sulfoaluminate phase i.n comparison with traditional materials. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Metallophthalocyanine and metallophthalocyanine-fullerene complexes as potential dye sensitizers for solar cells dft and td-dft calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)[ 1 ] ; Assem, MM (Assem, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; Soliman, KA (Soliman, K. A.)[ 1 ]
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The geometries, electronic structures, polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities, and UV-vis spectra of metallophthalocyanine dyes and metallophthalocyanine-fullerene supramolecules are investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. The results reveal that the metal and the tertiary butyl groups of the dyes are electron donors, and the phthalocyanine rings are electron acceptors. The electron donating power of (La) is significantly greater than that of (Sc). For dyes, the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) are pi orbitals localized over the phthalocyanine rings, away from the tertiary butyl groups, and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) are pi* orbitals localized over the central metal atoms. The HOMOs of the dyes fall within the (TiO2)(60) and Ti38O76 band gaps, and support the issue of typical interfacial electron transfer reaction. The resulting potential drop of the supramolecule LaPc.C-60 increases by ca.22.86% under the effect of the tertiary butyl groups. This significant increase in the potential drop indicates that the tertiary butyl complexes could be a better choice for the robust operation of the molecular rectifiers. The introduction of metal atom and tertiary butyl groups to the phthalocyanine moiety leads to a stronger response to the external electric field, and induces higher photo-to-current conversion efficiency. This also shifts the absorption in the dyes and makes them potential candidates for harvesting light in the entire visible and near IR region for photovoltaic applications. It is also observed that the high spin state complex Sc(4) Pc could not be a potential candidate for harvesting light in the former region of spectrum. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Sildenafil citrate (viagra) as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solutions
Authors: Sobhi, M (Sobhi, M.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1 ] ; Khairou, KS (Khairou, K. S.)[ 2 ]
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The inhibition effect of sildenafil citrate (Viagra) on the corrosion of carbon steel in 1 M HCl was studied by weight loss, polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results showed that sildenafil citrate is a good corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic media and acts as mixed type (cathodic/anodic) inhibitor. The adsorption of the inhibitor was well described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Some thermodynamic parameters such as adsorption heat, adsorption entropy, and adsorption free energy were calculated. Kinetic parameters such as the apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor were calculated and discussed.

Title: Chromium speciation in environmental samples using a solid phase spectrophotometric method
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Kassem, MA (Kassem, Mohammed A.)[ 1 ]
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A solid phase extraction technique is proposed for preconcentration and speciation of chromium in natural waters using spectrophotometric analysis. The procedure is based on sorption of chromium(III) as 4-(2-benzothiazolylazo)2,2'-biphenyldiol complex on dextran-type anion-exchange gel (Sephadex DEAE A-25). After reduction of Cr(VI) by 0.5 ml of 96% concentrated H2SO4 and ethanol, the system was applied to the total chromium. The concentration of Cr(VI) was calculated as the difference between the total Cr and the Cr(III) content. The influences of some analytical parameters such as: pH of the aqueous solution, amounts of 4-(2-benzothiazolylazo)2,2'-biphenyldiol (BTABD), and sample volumes were investigated. The absorbance of the gel, at 628 and 750 nm, packed in a 1.0 mm cell, is measured directly. The molar absorptivities were found to be 2.11 x 10(7) and 3.90 x 10(7) L mol(-1) cm(-1) for 500 and 1000 ml, respectively. Calibration is linear over the range 0.05-1.45 mu g L-1 with RSD of

Title: Minimal length, maximal energy and black-hole remnants
Authors: Ali, AF (Ali, Ahmed Farag)[ 1 ] ; Nafie, H (Nafie, Hassan)[ 1,2 ] ; Shalaby, M (Shalaby, Mostafa)[ 3 ]
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In this paper, we investigate the impact of the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP), proposed by some approaches to quantum gravity such as string theory and doubly special relativity theories (DSR), on black-hole physics. It turns out that such a modification will give corrections to both the temperature and the entropy of black holes. In particular, the proposed GUP also changes the picture of Hawking radiation greatly when the size of black holes approaches the Planck scale. It prevents black holes from total evaporation, predicting the existence of black-holes remnants which may be considered as a candidate for dark matter. Copyright (c) EPLA, 2012

Title: One pot synthesis of silver nanoparticles supported on tio2 using hybrid polymers as template and its efficient catalysis for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)[ 1,2 ] ; Al-Sharif, MS (Al-Sharif, Merfat S.)[ 3 ]
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Hybrid TiO2 nanostructures with engineered morphologies (flakes, spheres and buds) supporting Ag nanocrystals were produced by a simple synthetic approach based on cooperative sol-gel chemistry of either titanium iso-propoxide or n-butoxide and self-assembly of polyvinyl alcohol with polyethylene glycol. The as-synthesized catalysts were characterized using XRD, TEM, DRUV-Vis, N-2 sorptiometry and FTIR spectroscopy and their performances toward 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction were also investigated. Among the structures investigated, the catalyst derived from n-butoxide (Ttev) exhibited the best catalytic performance in the reduction of 4-NP to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) in 2 min with 100% conversion when loaded with 2% Ag ions (TtevAg(2)). In concordance, the TevAg(6) catalyst; derived from isopropoxide, of bud shape and particle sizes of 20 nm showed a comparable activity to that of TtevAg(2) and exhibited a rate constant of 6.9 x 10(-3) s(-1) resembling that of 7.2 x 10(-3) s(-1) for TtevAg(2) exceeding that of TevAg(2). Enhancing the activity of TevAg(6) and TtevAg(2) compared to TevAg(2) was rationalized in terms of the surface content of Ag degrees nanoparticles of medium sizes (15-20 nm) inside mesoporous network of TiO2 of tailored morphology (proportional amounts of buds and spheres structures) as well as pore volume values. No deactivation for the former catalysts was observed after repeated recycling. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Novel isatinoxime molybdenum and chromium complexes: synthesis, spectroscopic, and thermal characterization
Authors: Nassar, MY (Nassar, Mostafa Y.)[ 1 ] ; Attia, AS (Attia, Attia S.)[ 2 ] ; Adawy, S (Adawy, Shaymaa)[ 2 ] ; El-Shahat, MF (El-Shahat, M. F.)[ 2 ]
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Reactions of molybdenum and chromium hexacarbonyls with isatin-3-oxime (H2L) in THF were carried out under sun light or according to the traditional thermal reflux synthetic routes. Di-mu-oxo bimolybdenum complex, [Mo(H2L)(THF)(O)(2)](2) was successfully synthesized under the reflux conditions. However, the dichromium oxo complex, [Cr(H2L)(P)(2)](2) was prepared using the sun light route. The prepared complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, IR, mass spectrometry, UV-Vis spectra, thermal analysis, and magnetic measurements. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Structural features and photocatalytic behavior of titania and titania supported vanadia synthesized by polyol functionalized materials
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)[ 1 ] ; Bayoumy, WA (Bayoumy, W. A.)[ 1 ] ; Khairy, M (Khairy, M.)[ 1 ] ; Mousa, MA (Mousa, M. A.)[ 1 ]
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The micro-mesoporous TiO2 materials obtained from hydrothermal crystallization of polyols (xylitol, glucose and sorbitol)/TiCl4/acetylacetone/H2(O) systems were characterized; and compared with VOx/TiO2, by N-2-sorption, TG/DTA, X-ray diffraction, IR and scanning electron microscope. Through comparison of the results, it was found that glucose assembled TiO2 (T-G) calcinations at 623 K exhibited the formation of rutile-anatase nanoparticles (15 nm) as irregular shapes with disordered holes on particles surfaces, gyroidal structure (25 nm) following calcining at 773 K and cotton fibrils structure (10 nm) following vanadium incorporation (T-G/V). Increasing the concentration of xylitol (T-XY/C) significantly enhanced microporosites but decreases the specific surface area (309 m(2)/g) and wall thickness (0.609 nm); as compared to T-XY (356 m(2)/g, 0.929 nm). T-G presented remarkable increase in wall thickness (2.142 nm) that was principally responsible for enhancing the durability as well as the activity of this material towards photocatalytic reduction of Hg2+ (giving 100% reduction activity at 80 min reaction time) in aqueous medium. Additionally, this material offered low acid content compared with other polyols assembled TiO2 but in contrast confirmed high accessibility of their basic sites. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Global l-neighborhood groups
Authors: Bayoumi, F (Bayoumi, Fatma)[ 1 ]
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This paper introduces and studies the notion of global L-neighborhood group which is defined as a group equipped with a global L-neighborhood structure in sense of Gahler et al. such that both the binary operation and the unary operation of the inverse are continuous with respect to this global L-neighborhood structure. Some examples of global L-neighborhood groups are given. It is shown that the L-topological groups, given by Ahsanullah in 1984 and later by Bayoumi in 2003, are special global L-neighborhood groups. We also show that all initial and final lifts and hence all initial and final global L-neighborhood groups uniquely exist in the category L-GnghGrp of global L-neighborhood groups. These initial and final global L-neighborhood groups are defined using the initial and final global L-neighborhood structures. Moreover, we show that the L-neighborhood groups, defined by Ahsanullah using the L-neighborhood structures in sense of Lowen, are special global L-neighborhood groups, for L = I is the closed unit interval. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Origin and evolution of the um egat and dungash orogenic gold deposits, egyptian eastern desert: evidence from fluid inclusions in quartz
Authors: Zoheir, BA (Zoheir, B. A.)[ 2 ] ; El-Shazly, AK (El-Shazly, A. K.)[ 1 ] ; Helba, H (Helba, H.)[ 3 ] ; Khalil, KI (Khalil, K. I.)[ 3 ] ; Bodnar, RJ (Bodnar, R. J.)[ 4 ]
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Shear zone-related, mesothermal gold deposits of Um Egat and Dungash in the Egyptian Eastern Desert are hosted by greenschist facies metavolcanic and/or metasedimentary rocks of Pan-African age. Both deposits comprise boudinaged quartz veins that show evidence of incipient recrystallization, and are similar in alteration style, structural control, and mineralogy. The ore mineralogy includes pyrite, arsenopyrite pyrrhotite chalcopyrite +/- galena; gold occurs both in the veins, usually included in arsenopyrite, pyrite, or pyrrhotite next to fragments of altered country rocks, or disseminated in the alteration haloes. Arsenic in arsenopyrite and Al-iv in chlorite geothermometers indicate that wall-rock alteration and ore mineral precipitation occurred at temperatures between 400 degrees and 250 degrees C. Fluid inclusions in vein quartz occur in clusters, or along trails. Three types of fluid inclusions were identified based on petrography and laser micro-Raman spectroscopy: (1) two-phase carbonic inclusions with CO2 +/- CH4 N-2 +/- H2O, (2) two-phase aqueous inclusions, and (3) three-phase aqueous-carbonic inclusions with CH4. Final melting of ice (Tm-f) for most inclusions occurs at temperatures between -4 degrees and 0 degrees C, indicating a low salinity (< 6.5 wt % NaCl equiv) for the aqueous fluid. Homogenization temperatures (T-h) for the two-phase aqueous and aqueous-carbonic inclusions range from 120 degrees to > 300 degrees C, but cluster into two distinct groups for each type of inclusion. Inclusions from the same trail or cluster are commonly characterized by different degrees of fill or different T-h values. Field, petrographic, and microthermometric data suggest that low-salinity aqueous-carbonic fluids interacted with graphite-bearing metasedimentary rocks to form CH4 at T > 400 degrees C and P > 3 kbars. These reduced fluids leached gold as they circulated through the metavolcanic rocks, carrying it in the form of bisulfide complexes. Interaction of these aqueous-carbonic fluids with the country rocks caused hydrothermal alteration and precipitated gold-bearing sulfides in the alteration zones. A drop of pressure during the migration of these fluids to shallower depths along the shear zones led to phase separation at T

Title: Surface active properties and biological activity of novel nonionic surfactants containing pyrimidines and related nitrogen heterocyclic ring systems
Authors: El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R.)
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A series of annelated pyrimidine derivatives has been synthesized via different heterocyclization reactions of suitably functionalized 6-(4-octadecyloxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (4) with different electrophiles and nucleophiles. These heterocycles bear an active hydrogen atom (NH, OH or COOH) which could be propoxylated using propylene oxide with different moles, 5, 10 and 15, to produce nonionic surfactant having a long alkyl chain with molecular weight suitable for becoming an amphiphilic molecule with correct hydrophilic-lypophilic balance which enhances solubility, biodegradability and hence lowers the toxicity to human beings and becomes environmentally friendly. In addition, the antimicrobial activities of these compounds were screened and it was found that some of these compounds have similar or higher activity compared with commercial antibiotic drugs (sulphadiazine), which make them suitable for diverse applications like the manufacturing of drugs, pesticides, emulsifiers, cosmetics, etc.

Title: Comment on "on the modification of the hamiltonians' spectrum in gravitational quantum mechanics" by pedram p.
Authors: Moussa, MM (Moussa, M. M.)
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Title: Solvent free synthesis of novel mono- and bis-benzoxazines from cashew nut shell liquid components
Authors: Attanasi, OA (Attanasi, Orazio A.)[ 2 ] ; Behalo, MS (Behalo, Mohamed S.)[ 1 ] ; Favi, G (Favi, Gianfranco)[ 2 ] ; Lomonaco, D (Lomonaco, Diego)[ 3 ] ; Mazzetto, SE (Mazzetto, Selma E.)[ 3 ] ; Mele, G (Mele, Giuseppe)[ 4 ] ; Pio, I (Pio, Iolanda)[ 4 ] ; Vasapollo, G (Vasapollo, Giuseppe)[ 4 ]
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Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is a largely available by-product of the cashew agro-industry. In this paper, the main constituents (cardanol, cardol and methylcardol) obtained after separation of the CNSL mixture have been used as starting material to prepare a variety of novel mono-and bis-benzoxazines via cyclization reactions with formaldehyde and aromatic amine derivatives under mild conditions. These model reactions were successfully extended to the cardanol and cardols mixture affording the one pot synthesis mono- and bis-benzoxazines.

Title: Synthesis of mordenite zeolite in absence of organic template
Authors: Aly, HM (Aly, Hisham M.)[ 1 ] ; Moustafa, ME (Moustafa, Moustafa E.)[ 1 ] ; Abdelrahman, EA (Abdelrahman, Ehab A.)[ 1 ]
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Mordenite is a zeolite that has been used as a selective adsorbent and as a catalyst. Mordenite zeolite with crystal diameter 65 nm and crystal length 7 mu m was successively synthesized in the absence of organic template by hydrothermal method at 180 degrees C for 5 days after stirring at high speed and aging in the synthesis mixture with the molar composition of 12Na(2)O:100SiO(2):2Al(2)O(3):500H(2)O. The produced samples were investigated using XRD, SEM, FT-IR, EDS, DTA/TG and BET surface area. The prepared sample, crystallized in needle shape crystals. Total (BET) surface area was 52.14 m(2)/g whereas, total pore volume was 0.2 cm(3)/g. Average pore diameter was 24.16 angstrom. Thermogravimetry analysis (DTA/TG) showed that, at room temperature to 800 degrees C, mordenite mass loss is 6%. (C) 2011 The Society of Powder Technology Japan. Published by Elsevier B.V. and The Society of Powder Technology Japan. All rights reserved.

Title: Dielectric properties of high coercivity barium ferrite-natural rubber composites
Authors: Makled, MH (Makled, Mamoud H.)
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The effect of frequency, temperature, and BaFe12O19 (BF) content on the dielectric constant $ acutevarepsilon $, dielectric loss e?, and tan d were studied for barium ferritenatural rubber composites (RFC). The dielectric constant for barium ferrite was related to the preparation method, meanwhile the dielectric constant of natural rubber (NR) is relatively large compared to the theoretical value. The results showed that $ acutevarepsilon $, e?, and tan d for RFC decrease as the frequency increases, however, at higher frequencies, the effect significantly weakens. At low ferrite loading, the dielectric properties are strongly influenced by BF content. Strong correlation between magnetic initial permeability and dielectric constant for hard magnetic material polymer composites was also observed. Increasing the content of barium ferrite in NR matrix enhances both e? and tan d. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012

Title: Facile synthesis of mesoporous bicrystallized tio2(b)/anatase (rutile) phases as active photocatalysts for nitrate reduction
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)[ 1 ] ; Asghar, BHM (Asghar, B. H. M.); Muathen, HA (Muathen, H. A.)
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Polyhedral and wormhole-like mesoporous titania nanoparticles composed of TiO2(B) and anatase (rutile) were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal self-assembly method employing, respectively polyacrylamide (AA), polyvinyl alcohol (VA) and polyoxyethyl lauryl ether (ELE) as templates. TEM, X-ray diffraction, FOR, UV-vis DR spectroscopy and N-2 sorptiometry were used for the characterization of surface morphology, phase composition, electronic properties and surface texturing of the synthesized catalysts. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated via the photo-reduction of nitrate in aqueous solution under UV light irradiation. The TiO2 catalyst derived from ELE presented the highest activity due to the alternate structure of anatase and TiO2(B) phases. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Numerical studies for the variable-order nonlinear fractional wave equation
Authors: Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 1 ] ; Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 2 ] ; Almarwm, HM (Almarwm, H. M.)[ 3 ]
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In this paper, the explicit finite difference method (FDM) is used to study the variable order nonlinear fractional wave equation. The fractional derivative is described in the Riesz sense. Special attention is given to study the stability analysis and the convergence of the proposed method. Numerical test examples are presented to show the efficiency of the proposed numerical scheme.

Title: Factors affecting the diversity and distribution of synanthropic vegetation in urban habitats of the nile delta, egypt
Authors: Abd El-Ghani, M (Abd El-Ghani, Monier)[ 1 ] ; Shehata, MN (Shehata, Mohamed N.)[ 2 ] ; Mobarak, A (Mobarak, Ahmed)[ 2 ] ; Bakr, R (Bakr, Rabab)[ 2 ]
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This study examined the major soil attributes that affect the plant species distribution in the urban ecosystem of the north-eastern part of Nile Delta, which represents transition between the irrigated farmlands and the adjoining desert and salt marshes. It has been under human manipulations for more than 30 years. Five major habitats (desert, reclaimed, cultivated, urban and wet) subdivided into 13 minor ones were recognized. Alterations of soil characters by anthropogenic activities of the natural environment for agriculture production have provided a favorable condition for the growth of weedy species. 231 species related to 152 genera and 45 families were recorded; of which 135 species annuals (58.4 %) and 96 perennials (41.5 %). Regarding chorological analysis, Saharo-Arabian attained the maximum value of 23.5 % in Sf, followed by Sudano-Zambezian 20.0 % in Wl, Cosmopolitan (16.6 %), Irano-Turanian 11.8 % in each of Hw and Ic, After the application of TWINSPAN classification technique, five vegetation types were identified, and well segregated along the DCA axis one; which reflects the soil moisture, fertility, biotic change, aridity and species diversity gradients. When soil moisture decreases, species diversity increase. It also represents the gradient of human interference, where the full man-made vegetation (wet lands and cultivated lands) occupied the left end of this gradient, where the less disturbed vegetation (reclaimed and urban land) was in the middle and no man-made vegetation (desert land) was in the right end. This gradient is associated with the increase of the relative presence of aridity.

Title: An analysis of wind power potential in port said, egypt
Authors: RE
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Measurement station with mast of 19 m has been established in a built-up area, near the seashore to study the structure of a coastal location "Port Said" on Suez Canal-Mediterranean Sea intercept in Egypt. From our analysis of the wind data, an important characteristic is revealed in that the wind speed Spring months are more than that in Winter period. This characteristic is opposite to the prevailing wind speed parameters in most European countries. This paper also gives a detailed analysis of measured frequency distributions and monthly wind speed variation with air temperature that can exploited in the best way for fast wind machines. A numerical model was introduced to calculate the monthly and annual average wind energy flux and found to be quite moderate (in excess of 92 kW/m(2) per year at 50 m hub height) for this area. It appears from our research that the expected energy from the wind in Port Said region - which is nearly like an island - lies in the medium range. This potential can be converted to electrical energy specially in the Spring months. However, an immediate application seems to be limited to electricity generation using medium size wind farms and water pumping. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of shape and interstice on surface enhanced raman scattering (sers) of molecules adsorbed on gold nanoparticles in the near-dipole and quadrupole regions
Authors: Abdallah, T (Abdallah, T.)[ 1 ] ; El-Brolosy, T (El-Brolosy, T. A.)[ 1 ] ; Mohamed, MB (Mohamed, M. B.)[ 2 ] ; Easawi, K (Easawi, K.)[ 3 ] ; Negm, S (Negm, S.)[ 3 ] ; Talaat, H (Talaat, H.)[ 1 ]
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Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of adsorbed molecule on colloidal gold nanoparticles of different shapes, namely nanospheres (NSs), nanorods (NRs), and nanoprisms (NPs) as well as the three NPs arrays of different interstice prepared by NS lithography, are studied with incident wavenumbers in the near-dipole and near-quadrpole regions of the nanoparticles. In the colloidal gold nanoparticles, the SERS enhancement is the largest for the sharp tip followed by the truncated tip NPs, then the NRs and least enhancement for the NSs. This decreasing order of enhancement occurs although the incident wavenumber was near the dipole resonance of NSs and the quadrupole resonance for the NPs. These varied enhancements are explained in part as due to the binding energies of the nanocrystal facets, but the larger contribution results from the plasmon electromagnetic fields. A parallel finite difference time domain (FDTD) calculations were carried out, which corporate the experimental results and show agreement with ratios of the SERS enhancement for the different shapes. The normalized SERS intensity for NPs of different interstice distances show a sharp rise with the decrease of the interstice distances because of interparticle dipolar and quadrupolar coupling as evidenced also by FDTD calculations. Furthermore, these calculations show that the enhancement is polarization independent for an incident wavelength near quadrupole resonance but polarization dependent for an incident wavelength near the plasmon dipole transition. In the last case, the enhancement is larger by an order of magnitude for a polarization parallel to the NPs bisector than for polarization normal to the bisector with no hot spots for the relatively large interstice dimensions used. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Title: Influence of delayed addition time of sodium sulfanilate phenol formaldehyde condensate on the hydration characteristics of sulfate resisting cement pastes containing silica fume
Authors: El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 1 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 2 ] ; Abd El Aleem, S (Abd El Aleem, S.)[ 3 ]
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The water-silica fume-cement system is highly sensitive to the effect of superplasticizers. This work aimed to study the individual effects of the dosage and delayed addition time of laboratory synthesized sodium sulfanilate phenol formaldehyde condensate (SSFP) on the hydration characteristics of sulfate resisting cement (SRC) pastes incorporating 10 mass% SF and hydrated up to 90 days. Initial and final setting times, compressive strength, bulk density, total porosity and hydration kinetics were determined. Some selected specimens were analyzed using IR spectroscopy. The results showed that the fluidity of cement pastes increases with SSFP dosage and delayed addition time up to 10 min this is due to the electrostatic repulsion between cement particles and the decrease of C(3)A content that is minimized by hydration until the dormant period (10-15 min). The values of combined water, compressive strength and bulk density increase with polymer content up to 1.5 mass% with delayed addition time up to 10 min; this is intrinsically associated with the reduction of W/C ratio with polymer content as well as the improvement of superplasticizing effect of SSFP with delayed addition. IR spectra are in a good agreement with the results of physico-chemical and mechanical properties. The synthesized SSFP condensate could improve the fluidity, bulk density and compressive strength of the investigated cement pastes. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Role of aggregate size in the hemolytic and antimicrobial activity of colloidal solutions based on single and gemini surfactants from arginine
Authors: Tavano, L (Tavano, L.)[ 2,3 ] ; Infante, MR (Infante, M. R.)[ 1 ] ; Riya, MA (Riya, M. Abo)[ 4 ] ; Pinazo, A (Pinazo, A.)[ 1 ] ; Vinardell, MP (Vinardell, M. P.)[ 5 ] ; Mitjans, M (Mitjans, M.)[ 5 ] ; Manresa, MA (Manresa, M. A.)[ 6 ] ; Perez, L (Perez, L.)[ 1 ]
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Cationic colloidal systems composed of arginine based surfactants (single or gemini structures) and membrane additive compounds such as DLPC or cholesterol have been characterized by means of size distribution and zeta-potential measurements. The single or monocatenary surfactant (LAM) as well as the gemini with the shortest spacer chain (C-6(LA)(2)) formed micelles, while aqueous solutions of pure gemini surfactants with longer spacers (C-9(LA)(2) and C-12(LA)(2)) formed very big aggregates. The addition of phospholipids or cholesterol changed drastically the aggregation behaviour. In the case of LAM and C-6(LA)(2), the incorporation of additives gave rise to the formation of cationic vesicles. For C-9(LA)(2) and C-12(LA)(2), this type of additives promoted the formation of smaller aggregates. All the formulations had positive zeta-potential values and in general exhibited high colloidal stability. We also evaluated the hemolysis and the antimicrobial activity of these systems. The capability of disrupting erythrocyte membranes depends on the hydrophobicity of the molecules and the size of aggregates in the solution. Gemini surfactants with short spacer chains are more hemolytic than their single chain homologue, while gemini surfactants with long spacers are much less hemolytic than their single chain counterpart. Moreover, for the same formulation, the hemolysis depends on the initial concentration of the stock solution used to set up the hemolysis/concentration curve. Results show that small aggregates interact easily with these biological membranes. The alkyl spacer chain and the presence of additives also play an important role in the antimicrobial activity, and, in general, the interaction with bacteria and erythrocytes is affected by the same parameters. The physico-chemical and biological characterization of these systems might be important for several biotechnological applications in which cationic vesicular systems are involved.

Title: Enhanced chromatographic separation of cobalt and uranyl ions using tin (iv) antimonate column from aqueous solution
Authors: Aly, HM (Aly, Hisham M.)[ 1 ] ; Kamar, EM (Kamar, Eman M.)[ 1 ]
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The effect of electric field on tin (IV) antimonate column bed to separate cobalt and uranium was investigated. Separation was carried out from nitrate solution and ionic strength of 0.6. Variation of applied potential, time and pH were investigated. Ion mobilities at pH 1 are calculated and given to be 5.5 x 10(-4) and 2.73 x 10(-4) cm(2) V-1 s(-1) for cobalt and uranyl ion respectively. Number of theoretical plate heights were calculated from the breakthrough curve and given to be 354 and 210 for cobalt and uranyl ions, respectively. Diffusion coefficient were calculated according to Nernst equation and found to be of 7.6 x 10(-6) and 3.5 x 10(-6) cm(2) s(-1) for cobalt and uranyl ions, respectively. Also, breakthrough capacities were calculated and found to be 0.7 mmol g(-1) for cobalt ion and 0.4 mmol g(-1) for uranyl ion, respectively.

Title: Activated polymers. ii: synthesis and exchange reactions of biologically active poly(8-acryloxyquinoline)
Authors: Khalil, AA (Khalil, A. A.)
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The monomer 8-acryloxyquinoline (8-AQ) was prepared through the reaction of 8-hydroxyquinoline with either acryloyl chloride or acrylic acid in the presence of triethylamine or N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, respectively. The resulting monomer was polymerized by free radical polymerization using dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent and 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The reactions of the resulting polymers with hydroxyl and amino compounds have been studied. The polymers were characterized by IR and (HNMR)-H-1 spectroscopy. Some of the synthesized polymers were tested for their antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. Generally, all the polymers were effective against the tested microorganisms, but their growth-inhibition effects varied.

Title: Effect of thickness on optical properties of thermally evaporated sns films
Authors: Selim, MS (Selim, M. S.)[ 1 ] ; Gouda, ME (Gouda, M. E.)[ 2 ] ; El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, M. G.)[ 2 ] ; Salem, AM (Salem, A. M.)[ 1,3 ] ; Abd El-Ghany, WA (Abd El-Ghany, W. A.)[ 1 ]
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The effect of film thickness on the structure and optical properties of thermally evaporated SnS film has been studied. SnS films with different thicknesses in the range 152-585 nm were deposited onto clean glass substrates at room temperature. X-ray diffraction study revealed that SnS films of thickness >= 283 nm are crystalline, whereas films of lower thickness exhibit poor crystalline with more amorphous background. The crystalline nature of the lower film thickness has been confirmed using transmission electron microscope and the corresponding electron diffraction pattern. The thicker film samples showed nearly stoichiometric chemical composition; however, thinner samples are deficient in S and rich in Sn. The optical property of the deposited films has been investigated in the wavelength range 350-2500 nm. The refractive index increases notably with increasing film thickness. The refractive index for the investigated film thicknesses are adequately described by the effective-single-oscillator model. The static refractive index and the static dielectric constant have been calculated. Analysis of the optical absorption coefficient revealed the presence of direct optical transition and the corresponding band gap values were found to decrease as the film thickness increases. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Preparation of disappearing inks and studying the fading time on different paper surfaces
Authors: El-Molla, MM (El-Molla, Mohamed Mabrouk)[ 1 ] ; Shama, SA (Shama, Sayed Ahamed)[ 2 ] ; El-Sayed Saeed, S (El-Sayed Saeed, Saeed)[ 3 ]
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Disappearing inks have been used in different fields, but it may be abused in forgery and counterfeiting. This research was conducted on the preparation of disappearing inks using different concentrations of thymolphthalein, phenolphthalein, and their mixture. The prepared inks were applied to different types of handwriting papers. It was found that the handwriting stability increased by increasing thymolphthalein, phenolphthalein, or alkali concentration, but in the case of using 4 mL of 1 normal (N) NaOH, the handwriting stability of phenolphthalein and its mixture inks decreased. Deciphering of the faded handwriting was evaluated by different methods; using optical deciphering, the faded handwriting did not respond to the different light sources. All the faded handwriting was visible when treated with alkaline solution. There was no change in the faded handwriting when heated to 100 degrees C; phenolphthalein and mixture inks containing 0.5 mL of 1 N NaOH became red when only Azhar and Xerox papers were heated to 150 degrees C.

Title: Behavior of composite cement pastes containing microsilica and fly ash at elevated temperature
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 1 ] ; El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 2 ] ; Sokkary, TM (Sokkary, T. M.)[ 3 ] ; Ahmed, IA (Ahmed, I. A.)[ 2 ]
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The work aims to study the effect of substitution of micro-silica (SF) and fly ash (FA) on the behavior of composite cement pastes exposed to elevated temperature. The composite cements are composed of 80 mass% OPC with variable amounts of SF and/or FA. The fire resistance of composite cement pastes was evaluated after firing at 250, 450, 600, and 800 degrees C with rate of heating 3 degrees C/min for 3 h soaking time. The physico-mechanical characteristics such as total porosity, bulk density and compressive strength of cement pastes were determined at each firing temperature. Moreover, the phase composition, free lime and microstructure for some selected samples were investigated. Cement pastes containing 10 and 15 mass% have higher firing resistance than all SF-pozzolanic cement pastes at 600 degrees C. It can be also, concluded that the composite cement pastes made from 10% of SF and 10% FA have good fire resistance in comparison with cement pastes made from only SF-pozzolanic cement pastes up to 450 degrees C. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Mechanical, microstructure and rheological characteristics of high performance self-compacting cement pastes and concrete containing ground clay bricks
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 1 ] ; Zohdy, KM (Zohdy, K. M.)[ 2 ] ; Abdelkreem, M (Abdelkreem, M.)[ 2 ]
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The work aimed to utilize ground clay bricks (GCBs) in the production of self-compacting concrete. Physico-mechanical, rheological and microstructure of cement pastes and concrete were investigated. Total powder contents were 400 kg/m(3), the cement was replaced by GCB by 0.0, 50, 100 and 150 kg/m(3). The compressive strength of concrete decreased with GCB content in the absence of self-compacting concrete (SCC) admixture, whereas, increases in the presence of SCC admixture up to 28 days. Increase of GCB content up to 250 kg/m(3), the compressive strength of concrete increases. GCB enhances the compressive strength due to the pozzolanic reaction to produce additional CSH, which precipitated in some open pores. The compressive strength of OPC pastes increase with SCC admixture up to 1.5 mass%, whereas decreases with SCC admixture up to 2 mass%. On the other hand, cement pastes made with 12.5% and 37.5% GCB in the expanse of OPC cement show higher compressive strength with SCC admixture at 28-1095 days. The efficiency of SCC admixture decreases as GCB content increases up to 12.5%, whereas the efficiency increases with GCB content up to 37.5%. The presence of SCC superplasticizer, the microstructure displayed a more dense arrangement of microcrystalline C-S-H as the main hydration products with sheets of Ca(OH)(2) as shown in the micrograph. Useful conclusions and recommendations concerning use of 30-40 mass% of GCB in self-compacting concrete. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Characteristics of cement pastes containing sulphoaluminate and belite prepared from nano-materials
Authors: El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 1 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 1,2 ] ; Khalil, KA (Khalil, Kh A.)[ 1 ]
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The sulphoaluminate phase C(4)A(3)(S) over bar as well as beta-C2S represent an important factor for the preparation of rapid hardened sulphoaluminate-belite cement. The hydration of C(4)A(3)(S) over bar forms ettringite and monosulphate hydrates in addition to the liberation of aluminium hydroxide. The hydration rate of belite is much slower than that of C(4)A(3)(S) over bar, but becomes significant at later ages. Two mixes containing sulphoaluminate (C(4)A(3)(S) over bar) and monosulphate mix (C(4)A(3)(S) over bar, with 8C (S) over bar + 6C) in addition to belite (beta-C2S) were synthesized from nano-materials after firing at 1250 degrees C. The hydration characteristics of 10% C(4)A(3)(S) over bar or 10% C(4)A (S) over bar in addition to 10% beta-C2S on the expanse of OPC were studied. The results revealed that the substitution of OPC with sulphoaluminate mixes as well as belite shortens the setting times. The rate of hydration of OPC with sulphoaluminate-belite phases is increased from the formation of more sulphoaluminate hydrates and the consumption of protlandite. Also, these mixes give higher chemically combined water contents. The monosulphate hydrate is deposited in some of open pores in the dormant period of hydration that tends to increase the compressive strength of sulphoaluminate-belite cement pastes. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Tuning photocurrent response through size control of cdse quantum dots sensitized solar cells
Authors: Badawi, A (Badawi, A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Al-Hosiny, N (Al-Hosiny, N.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, S (Abdallah, S.)[ 1,3 ] ; Talaat, H (Talaat, H.)[ 2 ]
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The photovoltaic characterization of CdSe quantum dots sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) by tuning band gap of CdSe quantum dots (QDs) through size control has been investigated. Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates were coated with 20 nm in diameter TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). Pre-synthesized colloidal CdSe quantum dots of different sizes (from 4.0 to 5.4 nm) were deposited on the TiO2-coated substrates using direct adsorption (DA) method. The FTO counter electrodes were coated with platinum, while the electrolyte containing I-/I (3) (-) redox species was sandwiched between the two electrodes. The current density-voltage (J-V) characteristic curves of the assembled QDSSCs were measured for different dipping times, and AM 1.5 simulated sunlight. The maximum values of short circuit current density (J(sc)) and conversion efficiency (eta) are 1.62 mA/cm(2) and 0.29 % respectively, corresponding to CdSe QDs of size 4.52 nm (542 nm absorption edge) and of 6 h dipping time. The variation of the CdSe QDs size mainly tunes the alignment of the conduction band minimum of CdSe with respect to that of TiO2 surface. Furthermore, the J(sc) increases linearly with increasing intensity of the sun light, which indicates the sensitivity of the assembled cells.

Title: Hydromagnetic hiemenz slip flow of convective micropolar fluid towards a stretching plate
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Waheed, SE (Waheed, Shimaa E.)[ 1 ]
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This paper is concerned with the effect of slip velocity on the steady two-dimensional flow of a micropolar fluid near a stagnation point at a stretching plate in the presence of a uniform transverse magnetic field and thermal radiation with the bottom surface of the plate is heated by convection from a hot fluid. The governing system of partial differential equations describing the problem is converted into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation, and then solved numerically using the Chebyshev spectral method. Numerical results for the velocity, microrotation, and temperature are shown graphically and discussed for various values of different parameters. Moreover, the numerical values of the local skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number for these parameters are also tabulated and discussed.

Title: Thermal radiation and unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow of nanofluid in stretching porous medium
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, GM (Abdel-Rahman, Gamal M.)
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The problem of thermal radiation and unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow of a porous medium by a nanofluid past a stretching of a sheet has been investigated numerically. The model used for the nanofluid incorporates the effect of Brownian motion and thermophoresis. By using similarity analysis, the governing differential equations are transformed into a set of nonlinear, coupled, ordinary differential equations that are solved numerically. Numerical results are presented for velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle volume fraction profiles for different parameters of the problem as unsteadiness parameter, porous medium parameter, magnetic field parameter, local Rayleigh number, buoyancy-ratio parameter, thermal radiation parameter, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter, nanoparticle buoyancy parameter, and heat source/sink parameter, etc. Also, the effects of the pertinent parameters on skin friction, rate of heat transfer, and mass fluxes are obtained and discussed numerically and illustrated graphically.

Title: Numerical and analytical study for fourth-order integro-differential equations using a pseudospectral method
Authors: Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 1 ] ; Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 2 ] ; Kota, WY (Kota, W. Y.)[ 3 ]
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A numerical method for solving fourth-order integro-differential equations is presented. This method is based on replacement of the unknown function by a truncated series of well-known shifted Chebyshev expansion of functions. An approximate formula of the integer derivative is introduced. The introduced method converts the proposed equation by means of collocation points to system of algebraic equations with shifted Chebyshev coefficients. Thus, by solving this system of equations, the shifted Chebyshev coefficients are obtained. Special attention is given to study the convergence analysis and derive an upper bound of the error of the presented approximate formula. Numerical results are performed in order to illustrate the usefulness and show the efficiency and the accuracy of the present work.

Title: Development of galerkin method for solving the generalized burger's-huxley equation
Authors: El-Kady, M (El-Kady, M.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sayed, SM (El-Sayed, S. M.)[ 2 ] ; Fathy, HE (Fathy, H. E.)[ 3 ]
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Numerical treatments for the generalized Burger's- Huxley GBH equation are presented. The treatments are based on cardinal Chebyshev and Legendre basis functions with Galerkin method. Gauss quadrature formula and El-gendi method are used to convert the problem into a system of ordinary differential equations. The numerical results are compared with the literatures to show efficiency of the proposed methods.we

Title: Similarity analysis for effects of variable diffusivity and heat generation/absorption on heat and mass transfer for a mhd stagnation-point flow of a convective viscoelastic fluid over a stretching sheet with a slip velocity
Authors: El-Hawary, HM (El-Hawary, H. M.)[ 1 ] ; Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)[ 2 ] ; Abdel-Rahman, RG (Abdel-Rahman, Reda G.)[ 2 ] ; Elfeshawey, AS (Elfeshawey, Abeer S.)[ 2 ]
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A mathematical analysis has been carried out for stagnation-point heat and mass transfer of a viscoelastic fluid over a stretching sheet with surface slip velocity, concentration dependent diffusivity, thermal convective boundary conditions, and heat source/sink. The governing partial differential equations are reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using Lie group analysis. Numerical solutions of the resulting ordinary differential equations are obtained using shooting method. The influences of various parameters on velocity, temperature, and mass profiles have been studied. Also, the effects of various parameters on the local skin-friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number, and the local Sherwood number are given in graphics form and discussed.

Title: On approximate solutions for fractional logistic differential equation
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Babatin, MM (Babatin, Mohammed M.)[ 1 ]
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A new approximate formula of the fractional derivatives is derived. The proposed formula is based on the generalized Laguerre polynomials. Global approximations to functions defined on a semi-infinite interval are constructed. The fractional derivatives are presented in terms of Caputo sense. Special attention is given to study the convergence analysis and estimate an error upper bound of the presented formula. The new spectral Laguerre collocation method is presented for solving fractional Logistic differential equation (FLDE). The properties of Laguerre polynomials approximation are used to reduce FLDE to solve a system of algebraic equations which is solved using a suitable numerical method. Numerical results are provided to confirm the theoretical results and the efficiency of the proposed method.

Title: On concircularly recurrent finsler manifolds
Authors: Youssef, NL (Youssef, Nabil L.)[ 1,2 ] ; Soleiman, A (Soleiman, A.)[ 3 ]
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Two special Finsler spaces have been introduced and investigated, namely R-h-recurrent Finsler space and concircularly recurrent Finsler space. The defining properties of these spaces are formulated in terms of the first curvature tensor of Cartan connection. The following three results constitute the main object of the present paper: (i) a concircularly flat Finsler manifold is necessarily of constant curvature (Theorem A); (ii) every R-h-recurrent Finsler manifold is concircularly recurrent with the same recurrence form (Theorem B); (iii) every horizontally integrable concircularly recurrent Finsler manifold is R-h-recurrent with the same recurrence form (Theorem C). The whole work is formulated in a coordinate-free form.

Title: Characterization of pva/cui polymer composites as electron donor for photovoltaic application
Authors: El-Mansy, MK (El-Mansy, M. K.)[ 1 ] ; Sheha, EM (Sheha, E. M.)[ 1 ] ; Patel, KR (Patel, K. R.)[ 2 ] ; Sharma, GD (Sharma, G. D.)[ 2,3 ]
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Nanopolymer composite of PVA/CuI has been prepared as in both colloidal forms and solid layers and characterized their structure by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, AC spectroscopy and optical absorption in UV-visible. It is observed that with the growth of CuI nanoparticles (in the range of 26-46 nm in size) reduces the PVA polymer crystallinity. The temperature dependence of bulk conductivity for PVA/CuI nanocomposite illustrated that the composites behave as the semiconducting materials with the activation energy in the range of 0.27-1.02 eV. It was observed that the direct optical band gap reduces from 3.53 eV to 1.7 eV as the concentration of CuI nanoparticles in the PVA increased from 0% to 10%. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels of the PVA/CuI nanocomposites were estimated from the cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical band gap, that is, the difference between HOMO and LUMO levels also decreases with the increase in the concentration of the CuI in PVA, which is in agreement with the trend observed in the optical band gap. The current voltage characteristics of the devices based on PVA/CuI nanocomposites, in dark shows that these composites behave as p-type semiconductors. We have also investigated the J-V characteristics under illumination and found that the power conversion efficiency is very low but these composites can be used as electron donor for bulk heterojunction solar cells along with fullerene derivatives as electron acceptor. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Title: Modified newton's law of gravitation due to minimal length in quantum gravity
Authors: Ali, AF (Ali, Ahmed Farag)[ 1 ] ; Tawfik, A (Tawfik, A.)[ 2,3 ]
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A recent theory about the origin of the gravity suggests that the gravity is originally an entropic force. In this work, we discuss the effects of generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) which is proposed by some approaches to quantum gravity such as string theory, black hole physics, and doubly special relativity theories (DSR), on the area law of the entropy. This leads to root area-type correction to the area law of entropy which implies that the number of bits N is modified. Therefore, we obtain a modified Newton's law of gravitation. Surprisingly, this modification agrees with different sign with the prediction of Randall-Sundrum II model which contains one uncompactified extra dimension. Furthermore, such modification may have observable consequences at length scales much larger than the Planck scale.

Title: Hydration and properties of blended cement systems incorporating industrial wastes
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 1,2 ] ; El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 3 ] ; Moustafa, MA (Moustafa, M. A.)[ 3 ]
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This paper aims to study the characteristics of ternary blended system, namely granulated blast-furnace slag (WCS), from iron steel company and Homra (GCB) from Misr Brick (Helwan, Egypt) and silica fume (SF) at 30 mass % pozzolanas and 70 mass % OPC. The required water of standard consistency and setting times were measured as well as physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics of the hardened cement pastes were investigated. Some selected cement pastes were tested by TGA, DTA and FT-IR techniques to investigate the variation of hydrated products of blended cements. The pozzolanic activity of SF is higher than GCB and WCS. The higher activity of SF is mainly due to its higher surface area than the other two pozzolanic materials. On the other side, GCB is more pozzolanic than WCS due to GCB containing crystalline silica quartz in addition to an amorphous phase. The silica quartz acts as nucleating agents which accelerate the rate of hydration in addition to its amorphous phase, which can react with liberating Ca(OH)(2) forming additional hydration products.

Title: Mhd slip flow of newtonian fluid past a stretching sheet with thermal convective boundary condition, radiation, and chemical reaction
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, RG (Abdel-Rahman, Reda G.)
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An analysis is carried out to study the problem of heat and mass transfer flow over a moving permeable flat stretching sheet in the presence of convective boundary condition, slip, radiation, heat generation/absorption, and first-order chemical reaction. The viscosity of fluid is assumed to vary linearly with temperature. Also the diffusivity is assumed to vary linearly with concentration. The governing partial differential equations have been reduced to the coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using Lie group point of transformations. The system of transformed nonlinear ordinary differential equations is solved numerically using shooting techniques with fourth-order Runge-Kutta integration scheme. Comparison between the existing literature and the present study was carried out and found to be in excellent agreement. The effects of the various interesting parameters on the flow, heat, and mass transfer are analyzed and discussed through graphs in detail. The values of the local Nusselt number, the local skin friction, and the local Sherwood number for different physical parameters are also tabulated.

Title: Effects of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on unsteady mhd flow of non-newtonian fluid over a stretching porous sheet
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, GM (Abdel-Rahman, Gamal M.)[ 1 ]
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The unsteady flow and heat transfer in an incompressible laminar, electrically conducting and non-Newtonian fluid over a non-isothermal stretching sheet with the variation in the viscosity and thermal conductivity in a porous medium by the influence of an external transverse magnetic field have been obtained and studied numerically. By using similarity analysis the governing differential equations are transformed into a set of non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations which are solved numerically. Numerical results were presented for velocity and temperature profiles for different parameters of the problem as power law parameter, unsteadiness parameter, radiation parameter, magnetic field parameter, porous medium parameter, temperature buoyancy parameter, Prandtl parameter, modified Eckert parameter, Joule heating parameter, heat source/sink parameter, and others. A comparison with previously published work has been carried out and the results are found to be in good agreement. Also the effects of the pertinent parameters on the skin friction and the rate of heat transfer are obtained and discussed numerically and illustrated graphically.

Title: Thin-film lscs based on pmma nanohybrid coatings: device optimization and outdoor performance
Authors: El-Bashir, SM (El-Bashir, S. M.)[ 1,2 ] ; AlHarbi, OA (AlHarbi, O. A.)[ 1 ] ; AlSalhi, MS (AlSalhi, M. S.)[ 1 ]
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This study concerns the design optimization of thin-film luminescent solar concentrators (TLSCs) based on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/silica nanohybrid films doped with coumarin dyestuffs specialized in coloring plastics. Two designs of TLSCs had been prepared and characterized. The first consists of a transparent nanohybrid layer coated on a fluorescent PMMA substrate. The second design is the ordinary configuration in which fluorescent nanohybrid layer is coated on a transparent PMMA substrate. The investigation of the spectral properties and efficiency parameters recommended the best solar energy conversion efficiency for the second design. The outdoor performance of optimized TLSC was also evaluated under clear sky conditions of Riyadh city, and the hourly values of the optical efficiency, eta(opt), were calculated for one year. The best performance was achieved in summer since the short circuit current for PV cell was doubled after being attached to TLSC and the value of eta(opt) reached 40% which is higher than other values recorded before due to the abundant solar energy potential in the Arabian Peninsula.

Title: Behavior of delayed addition time of snf superplasticizer on microsilica-sulphate resisting cements
Authors: El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 1 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 2,3 ] ; Aiad, I (Aiad, I.)[ 4 ] ; Al-Masry, S (Al-Masry, S.)[ 1 ]
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Most concrete produced today includes either chemical additions or chemical admixtures added to concrete, or both. These additives alter the properties of cementitious systems, including fluidity, hydration kinetics, microstructure and strength. Therefore, the development and use of the most suitable type, optimum dosage and delayed addition time (DAT) of superplasticiser in concrete technology have been of increasing importance. The present investigation aimed to evaluate the influence of DAT of sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde (SNF) condensate on the hydration kinetics of sulfate resisting cement (SRC) pastes incorporating 10 mass % silica fume (SF). Superplasticized cement pastes were prepared using the required water of standard consistency with different dosages and DAT of SNF. The pastes were hydrated for 90 days under normal curing conditions. The results revealed that, the fluidity of cement pastes increases with SNF content and DAT up to 7.5 minutes, due to the electrostatic repulsion between cement particles and the decrease of anhydrous C(3)A content that is minimized with hydration time. Also, the chemical and physico-mechanical characteristics improve with superplasticizer dosage up to 1.0 mass % and DAT up to 7.5 minutes, due to the improvement of superplasticizing effect, leading to increase the hydration of silicate phases (C3S and beta-C2S) and formation of more CSH, CAH and CASH. These hydrates increase the gel/space ratio, modify the microstructure and consequently enhance the strength of cement paste. FTIR spectra are in a good agreement with those of chemical and physico-mechanical characteristics.

Title: Ab initio characterization of ti decorated swcnt for hydrogen storage
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)[ 1 ] ; Assem, MM (Assem, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)[ 2 ]
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Characterization has been performed on basis of several physicochemical parameters. The results indicate that the preferential adsorption is on Ti atom deposited on the top site of the (5,5) armchair SWCNT with energies (-0.44 and -0.71) eV for H-2 oriented parallel to the (x) and (y) axes respectively. The binding of H-2 is mostly dominated by the support-metal E(i)(s...Ti) term. The role of the SWCNT is not restricted to support the metal. Significant reduction of the energy gap is observed when H-2 are anchored on the external surface of the SWCNT. The SWCNT...Ti...H-2(x) complex is the least reactive configuration with nucleophiles. The calculated parameters characterize H-2 that is oriented parallel to the (x)-[100] axis of the SWCNT to be the most suitable configuration for hydrogen storage based on the recommended adsorption energy range of DOE (-0.2 to -0.6) eV. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Structure and electrical properties of zno doped barium-metaphosphate glasses
Authors: Shash, NM (Shash, Nabil M.)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, Ibrahim S.)[ 2 ]
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The zinc barium metaphosphate glasses (ZBP) with composition of (50-x)BaO-xZnO-50P(2)O(5); (0

Title: Factors affecting hydrogen production from rice straw wastes in a mesophillic up-flow anaerobic staged reactor
Authors: Tawfik, A (Tawfik, A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Salem, A (Salem, A.)[ 2 ] ; El-Qelish, M (El-Qelish, M.)[ 2 ] ; Fahmi, AA (Fahmi, A. A.)[ 3 ] ; Moustafa, ME (Moustafa, M. E.)[ 4 ]
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Anaerobic biodegradation of rice straw wastes for H-2 production via mesophillic up-flow anaerobic staged reactor (UASR) was investigated. Two batch experiments were carried out. The 1st experiment was conducted to assess the effect of pre-acidification process on H-2 production rate (R-m). The results showed that the maximum R-m of 136.64 mlH(2)/h was achieved for pre-acidified (0.72%) rice straw waste, which was approximately 28.64-fold greater than that in untreated rice straw. The H-2 content in the biogas was 52.0% and there was no significant methane observed in this study. The pre-acidified rice straw was used for subsequent experiments concerning the influences of environmental factors such as pH, contact time, and substrate concentration on H-2 yield (HY). Trends indicate that both high and low-end pH is unfavorable and substrate concentration of 30 g COD/l and contact time of 30 h is recommended for H-2 production from pre-acidified rice straw. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Tc-99m-nebivolol as a novel heart imaging radiopharmaceutical for myocardial infarction assessment
Authors: Sakr, TM (Sakr, T. M.)[ 1 ] ; Moustapha, ME (Moustapha, M. E.)[ 2 ] ; Motaleb, MA (Motaleb, M. A.)[ 3 ]
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Non-invasive quantification of myocardial beta-receptors could become an independent prognostic marker for chronic heart failure and cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this study was to formulate a novel radiopharmaceutical for the detection of myocardial infarction at early stages in susceptible patients, which requires the development of high myocardium affinity radiopharmaceuticals able to establish an accurate in vivo quantification of cardiac beta(1)-adrenoceptors. This was attained by the direct complexation of nebivolol as a cardioselective agent with technetium-99m as one of the most useful radionuclides in diagnostic nuclear medicine. Factors affecting the radiochemical yield such as nebivolol amount, stannous chloride amount, reaction time and pH of the reaction mixture were optimized. The results showed that the radiochemical yield was 95 +/- A 2.87 % and the radiolabeled compound was separated by high performance liquid chromatography. In vitro studies showed that the formed complex was stable for up to 24 h. In vivo uptake of Tc-99m-nebivolol in the heart was 4.55 +/- A 0.23 % ID/g organ at 0.5 h post injection, whereas the clearance from Albino mice appeared to proceed via the hepatobiliary and renal clearance pathways. Predosing mice with cold nebivolol reduced the heart uptake to 1.1 +/- A 0.02 % and further confirmed the high specificity and selectivity of this radiotracer for the assessment of the myocardial beta(1)-adrenoceptors.

Title: Topsis for bi-level modm problems
Authors: Baky, IA (Baky, Ibrahim A.)[ 1 ] ; Abo-Sinna, MA (Abo-Sinna, Mahmoud A.)[ 2 ]
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TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) is a multiple criteria method to identify solutions from a finite set of alternatives based upon simultaneous minimization of distance from an ideal point and maximization of distance from a nadir point. This paper proposes a fuzzy TOPSIS algorithm to solve bi-level multi-objective decision-making (BL-MODM) problems, and in which the objective function at each level are non-linear functions which are to be maximized. The proposed model for getting the satisfactory solution of the BL-MODM problems includes the membership functions for the upper level decision variables vector with possible tolerances, the membership function of the distance function from the positive ideal solution (PIS) and the membership function of the distance function from the negative ideal solution (NIS). A numerical illustrative example is given to clarify the proposed TOPSIS approach of this paper. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Tuning photocurrent response through size control of cdte quantum dots sensitized solar cells
Authors: Badawi, A (Badawi, Ali)[ 1,2 ] ; Al-Hosiny, N (Al-Hosiny, N.)[ 2 ] ; Abdallah, S (Abdallah, Said)[ 2,3 ] ; Negm, S (Negm, S.)[ 3 ] ; Talaat, H (Talaat, H.)[ 1 ]
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The photovoltaic performance of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) as a function of tuning the band gap of CdTe QDs size is studied. The tuning of band gap was carried out through controlling the size of QDs. Presynthesized CdTe QDs of radii from 2.1 nm to 2.5 nm) were deposited by direct adsorption (DA) technique onto a layer of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) to serve as sensitizers for the solar cells. The characteristic parameters of the assembled QDSSCs were measured under AM 1.5 sun illuminations. The values of current density (J(sc)) and overall efficiency (eta) increase with decreasing CdTe QDs size, since the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels shifts closer to vacuum level, which causes an increase in the driving force. Consequently the electrons' injections to the conduction band (CB) of TiO2 NPs become faster. The maximum values of J(sc) (1105 mu A/cm(2)) and eta (0.190%) were obtained for the smallest CdTe QDs size (2.10 nm). The open circuit voltages (V-oc) varies slightly with the size of the CdTe QDs, however it is only dictated by the CB level of TiO2 NPs and the VB of the electrolyte. Furthermore, the photocurrent response of the assembled cells to ON-OFF cycles of the illumination indicates the prompt generation of anodic current. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Jurassic-cretaceous palynomorphs, palynofacies, and petroleum potential of the sharib-1x and ghoroud-1x wells, north western desert, egypt
Authors: Zobaa, MK (Zobaa, Mohamed K.)[ 1 ] ; El Beialy, SY (El Beialy, Salah Y.)[ 2 ] ; El-Sheikh, HA (El-Sheikh, Hassan A.)[ 1 ] ; El Beshtawy, MK (El Beshtawy, Mohamed K.)[ 1 ]
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Palynomorph and palynofacies analyses have been performed on 93 cutting samples from the Jurassic Masajid Formation and Cretaceous Alam El Bueib, Alamein, Dahab, Kharita, and Bahariya formations in the Sharib-1X and Ghoroud-1X wells, north Western Desert, Egypt. Two palynological biozones are proposed for the studied interval of the Sharib-1X well: the Systematophora penicillata-Escharisphaeridia pocockii Assemblage Zone (Middle to Late Jurassic) and the Cretacaeiporites densimurus-Elateroplicites africaensis-Reyrea polymorpha Assemblage Zone (mid-Cretaceous: late Albian to early Cenomanian). Spore coloration and visual kerogen analysis are used to assess the thermal maturation and source rock potential. Mature oil prone to overmature gas prone source rocks occur in the studied interval of the Sharib-1X well, whereas highly mature to overmature gas prone source rocks occur in the studied interval of the Ghoroud-1X well. Palynofacies and palynomorph assemblages in both wells reflect shallow marine conditions throughout the Jurassic and the late Albian and early Cenomanian. During these times, warm and dry climatic conditions prevailed. The Cretaceous palynomorph assemblages of the Sharib-IX well correlate with the Albian-Cenomanian Elaterates Province of Herngreen et al. (1996). (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Au and cr mobilization through metasomatism: microchemical evidence from ore-bearing listvenite, south eastern desert of egypt
Authors: Emam, A (Emam, Ashraf)[ 1 ] ; Zoheir, B (Zoheir, Basem)[ 2 ]
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Listvenite is an uncommon rusty-red-weathering quartz-fuchsite-carbonate rock formed by the metasomatic transformation of mafic and ultramafic rocks, typically at the margins of fault-bound ophiolitic blocks. In the highly deformed orogenic belts, listvenite is commonly associated with metal enrichments and auriferous quartz veins. Electron microprobe measurements are used to study the mobility and dispersion of Cr, Au and other elements in listvenite associate with the Haimur gold deposit, South Eastern Desert of Egypt. The results suggest that the Cr-Fe3+-enriched spinel rims and Cr-chlorite aureoles around relict Cr-rich cores are the result of destabilization of chromite during metasomatism. The association of disseminated Cr-chlorite, fuchsite and Fe-Mg carbonate in silicified wallrock and slivers Within the auriferous quartz lodes implies Cr mobilization by CO2-rich hydrothermal fluids. Intergrowth textures suggest that listvenitization was concomitant with quartz veining. Early paragenetic idiomorphic Co-gersdorffite crystals disseminated in the quartz lodes show similar compositions, generally containing several hundreds ppm Au, while dispersed, irregular gersdorffite grains, Ni-bearing arsenopyrite and As-bearing pyrite are considered relatively late. These late paragenetic sulfarsenide minerals commonly contain up to 2000 ppm Au, and less common Sb. The distribution of Ni, Co, As, and Au in these minerals suggests mobilization and re-distribution by infiltrating hydrothermal fluids with sufficient CO2 to form the abundant carbonate in lodes and wallrocks. The positive correlation between Ni and As in the disseminated pyrite and arsenopyrite argues for the dissolution of Ni-bearing phases in serpentinite during carbonatization and co-precipitation. Temperature estimates based on the composition of gersdorffite, arsenopyrite and hydrothermal chlorite reflect the development of the observed mineral associations as the system cooled down from similar to 450 to 250 degrees C. The oxygen and sulfur fugacity (log fO(2) = -30 and log fS(2) = -8 bars at 350-400 degrees C) corresponds to the low sulfidation and oxidizing environment typical for orogenic, silica-rich ore-bearing listvenite. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Optical, thermophysical and electrical characterization of pmma (cdse qds) composite films
Authors: Al-Hosiny, NM (Al-Hosiny, N. M.)[ 1,4 ] ; Abdallah, S (Abdallah, S.)[ 1,2 ] ; Moussa, MAA (Moussa, M. A. A.)[ 1,3 ] ; Badawi, A (Badawi, Ali)[ 1 ]
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The concentration dependence of optical, thermophysical and electrical behavior, based on poly-methyl methacrylate filled with CdSe quantum dots (PMMA (CdSe)) have been investigated. The PMMA(CdSe) concentration was 0.001, 0.005, 0.01 and 0.05 wt.%. The composites were prepared in the form of films by the solution casting technique. The optical properties of PMMA(CdSe) films have showed that, there is a red shift of the absorption and photoluminescence (PL) after the QDs were added into PMMA. The PL peak intensity of the composite was enhanced by approximate to 2.5 times compared to the CdSe QDs. The thermal conductivity (k) was obtained by measuring the thermal diffusivity (alpha) and thermal effusivity (e) using the photoacoustic (PA) technique. The composites exhibit approximate to 120 % improvement in k at 0.05 wt.%. Furthermore, the dc electrical conductivity measurements of pure and doped PMMA, showed that the obtained values were enhanced about four orders of magnitude for the highest concentration compared with pure PMMA at 500 degrees C.

Title: Mn-zn nano-crystalline ferrites synthesized from spent zn-c batteries using novel gelatin method
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Al-luhaibi, RS (Al-luhaibi, R. S.)[ 1 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ]
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A novel recycling route using acid leaching, reduction and gelatin method was applied to recycle spent Zn-C batteries into more valuable magnetic nano-crystalline ferrites; Mn1-xZnxFe2O4 (with x=0.2-0.8). The cost of this recycling technology has economical advantages, which holds promising industrial application products. Dried gel thermal decomposition process was monitored by simultaneous differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry. Phase composition, morphological and magnetic properties of the as-prepared precursors were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and vibrating sample magnetometer. Single-phase agglomerated cubic ferrites with crystal sizes in the range 21-41 nm were detected. The obtained magnetization values are significantly lower than that of the bulk ferrite and showed a gradual increase with increasing Zn-substitution with an obvious decrease at x=0.6. On the other hand, a reverse trend was exhibited by coercivity. The effect of Zn-substitution on both structural and magnetic properties, paved the way to suggest proper cation distributions for the investigated system. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Synthesis and evaluation of nonionic polymeric surfactants based on acrylated polyethylene glycol
Authors: Eissa, A (Eissa, Abd El Monem)[ 1 ] ; El Hefnawy, M (El Hefnawy, Manal)[ 1,2 ] ; Allah, MD (Allah, Mohamed Deef)[ 2 ]
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A novel series of six nonionic polymeric surfactants were prepared by polymerization of acrylated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG, molecular weight MW = 400, 600 and 2,000) and allyl ester of long chain fatty acid chloride (decanoyl and lauroyl chloride). The unique structural features of these surfactants were confirmed by different spectroscopic tools (IR and H-1 NMR). The surface properties of these compounds such as surface tension, interfacial tension, emulsion stability, wetting power, foam height, solubilization and dispersant properties in disperse dye systems were determined and evaluated. A comparison study was done between the chemical structures and surface properties of such compounds. Biodegradability and stability to hydrolysis in acidic and alkaline media were also determined and evaluated.

Title: Size-controlled synthesis of coco3 and co3o4 nanoparticles by free-surfactant hydrothermal method
Authors: Nassar, MY (Nassar, Mostafa Y.)
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Uniform cobalt carbonate nanopowders were synthesized through free-surfactant hydrothermal treatment of a mixture of cobalt acetate and ammonium carbonate in an autoclave. The size, phase and purity of CoCO3 particles were controlled by adjusting reaction time (05-24 h), temperature (80-160 degrees C), and (1:6-1:0.5) (Co2+ :CO32-) molar ratios. Pure cobalt carbonate nanoparticles were obtained in high yield (94%) at 120 degrees C for 0.5 h, with (1:3) (Co2+:CO32-) molar ratio and crystallite size in ranges 80-90 nm. Moreover, cobalt oxide nanoparticles with an average crystallite size of 25 nm have been obtained by thermal decomposition of cobalt carbonate microspheres at 300 degrees C for 2 h. Chemical structure of the products was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). Morphology of the products was investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Optical properties of Co3O4 nanoparticles revealed the presence of two band gaps (2.0 and 1.46 eV) whose values confirm the purity and semiconducting properties of the oxide. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of lialo2 nanoparticle filler concentration on the electrical properties of peo-liclo4 composite
Authors: Masoud, EM (Masoud, E. M.)[ 1 ] ; El-Bellihi, AA (El-Bellihi, A. -A.)[ 1 ] ; Bayoumy, WA (Bayoumy, W. A.)[ 1 ] ; Mousa, MA (Mousa, M. A.)[ 1 ]
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Nano-composite polymer electrolytes are receiving attention as potential candidates to be used as electrolyte membranes in lithium polymer batteries and other devices. In this work, polyethylene oxide-LiClO4 based composite polymer electrolyte was prepared by solution casting method. The effect of LiAlO2 nanoparticle ceramic filler concentration on the structure and electrical conduction of the composite was studied. Nano-LiAlO2 was synthesized by sol-gel method. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transmission-Infra Red, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and tested by dielectric properties, Direct and Alternating current measurements as well as by impedance spectroscopy. All samples showed a behavior referring to an ionic conduction. Generally, the melting temperature of the polymer electrolyte decreased with filler concentration. Both thermal property and filler concentration influenced conductivity value. At room temperature, the highest ionic conductivity was 9.76 x 10(-5) ohm(-1) cm(-1) for sample with a composition of (LiAlO2)(1.5)(polyethylene oxide)(11)(LiClO4). All results were correlated and discussed. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: The effect of c-vacancy on hydrogen storage and characterization of h-2 modes on ti functionalized c-60 fullerene a first principles study
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, Ahmad S.)[ 1 ] ; El Mahdy, AM (El Mahdy, Atef M.)[ 2 ] ; Taha, HO (Taha, Hayam O.)[ 2 ]
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Density functional theory calculations were performed to examine the effect of a C vacancy on the physisorption of H-2 onto Ti-functionalized C-60 fullerene when H-2 is oriented along the x-, y-, and z-axes of the fullerene. The effect of the C vacancy on the physisorption modes of H-2 was investigated as a function of H-2 binding energy within the energy window (-0.2 to -0.6 eV) targeted by the Department of Energy (DOE), and as functions of a variety of other physicochemical properties. The results indicate that the preferential orientations of H-2 in the defect-free (i.e., no C vacancy) C60TiH2 complex are along the x- and y-axes of C-60 (with adsorption energies of -0.23 and -0.21 eV, respectively), making these orientations the most suitable ones for hydrogen storage, in contrast to the results obtained for defect-containing fullerenes. The defect-containing (i.e., containing a C vacancy) C59TiH2 complex do not exhibit adsorption energies within the targeted energy range. Charge transfer occurs from Ti 3d to C 2p of the fullerene. The binding of H-2 is dominated by the pairwise support-metal interaction energy E(i)(Cn...Ti), and the role of the fullerene is not restricted to supporting the metal. The C vacancy enhances the adsorption energy of Ti, in contrast to that of H-2. A significant reduction in the energy gap of the pristine C-60 fullerene is observed when TiH2 is adsorbed by it. While the C (n) fullerene readily participates in nucleophilic processes, the adjacent TiH2 fragment is available for electrophilic processes.

Title: Melting phenomenon in magneto hydro-dynamics steady flow and heat transfer over a moving surface in the presence of thermal radiation
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, RG (Abdel-Rahman, Reda G.)[ 1 ] ; Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)[ 1 ]
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The Lie group method is applied to present an analysis of the magneto hydro-dynamics (MHD) steady laminar flow and the heat transfer from a warm laminar liquid flow to a melting moving surface in the presence of thermal radiation. By using the Lie group method, we have presented the transformation groups for the problem apart from the scaling group. The application of this method reduces the partial differential equations (PDEs) with their boundary conditions governing the flow and heat transfer to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with appropriate boundary conditions. The resulting nonlinear system of ODEs is solved numerically using the implicit finite difference method (FDM). The local skin-friction coefficients and the local Nusselt numbers for different physical parameters are presented in a table.

Title: Spectral evolution of nano-second laser interaction with ti target in air
Authors: Hegazy, H (Hegazy, H.)[ 1,2 ] ; Abd El-Ghany, HA (Abd El-Ghany, H. A.)[ 3 ] ; Allam, SH (Allam, S. H.)[ 4 ] ; El-Sherbini, TM (El-Sherbini, Th M.)[ 4 ]
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Time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy has been successfully employed to investigate the evolution of plasma produced by the interaction of IR- and visible-pulsed laser beams with a titanium target in ambient air at atmospheric pressure. The characterization of the plasma-assisted pulsed laser ablation of the titanium target is discussed in this study. The emission spectrum produced by the titanium plasma in the wavelength range 200-1,000 nm has been carefully investigated for different experimental conditions. Boltzmann plots have been used in the calculation of the excitation temperature employing Ti II spectral lines at 286.23, 321.71, 325.29, 348.36, and 351.08 nm; this set of lines was tested and proved to be suitable for the measurement of the plasma temperature. The obtained temperature is in good agreement with the one obtained from Ti II spectral lines previously suggested by Hermann et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 77, 2928-2936, 1995, 22]. Moreover, the Stark broadening method has been employed for electron density measurements. In this study, the Stark width of the Ti II spectral line at 350.49 nm was used.

Title: Analysis of cylindrical langmuir probe using experiment and different theories
Authors: Hassouba, MA (Hassouba, M. A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Galaly, AR (Galaly, A. R.)[ 3,4 ] ; Rashed, U (Rashed, U. M.)[ 5 ]
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Cylindrical probe data have been analyzed using different theories in order to determine some plasma parameters (electron temperature and electron and ion densities). Langmuir probe data are obtained in a cylindrical DC glow discharge in the positive column plasma at argon gas pressures varied from 0.5 to 6 Torr and at constant discharge current equal to 10 mA. The electron density has calculated from the electron current at the space potential and from Orbital Motion Limited (OML) collisionless theory. Ion density has obtained from the OML analysis of the ion saturation currents. In addition, the electron temperature has measured by three different methods using probe and electrons currents. The electron temperature T (e) , plasma density n (e) , and space potential V (s) , have been obtained from the measured single cylindrical probe I-V characteristic curves. The radial distribution of the electron temperature and plasma density along the glow discharge are measured and discussed. Using the collisionless theories by Langmuir cylindrical probe and up to several Torr argon gas pressures the differences between the values of electron temperature and electron and ion densities stay within reasonable error limits.

Title: Prototype system for magnesium/tio2 anatase batteries
Authors: Sheha, E (Sheha, E.)
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In this work, a new polymer composite electrolyte films PCE are prepared based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), magnesium bromide MgBr2, phosphomolbidic acid (PMA), and tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) using solution cast technique. The XRD are used to determine the complexation of the PVA polymer with Mg acid salt. The ionic conductivity of the composite films are determined by the complex impedance measurements in the temperature range 293-375 K. The ionic conductivity measurements revealed that the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte varies with the TEGDME concentration to reach the highest conductivity value of similar to 10(-6) S. cm(-1) at 303 K. The conductivity seems to follow the universal power law. The estimated value of Mg+ ion transference number is carried out by the combination of complex impedance and D. C. polarization methods and is found to be 0.4 for high conducting film. A solid state battery based on the above polymer electrolyte with a configuration Mg vertical bar PCE vertical bar TiO2 anatase has exhibited an open circuit voltage of 1.5 V. The discharge characteristics are found to be satisfactory as a laboratory cell.

Title: Theoretical characterization of axial deformation effects on hydrogen storage of ti decorated armchair (5,5) swcnt
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, Ahmad S.)[ 1 ] ; El Mandy, AM (El Mandy, Atef M.)[ 2 ] ; Taha, HO (Taha, Hayam O.)[ 2 ]
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Theoretical calculations have been performed in the framework of density functional theory to characterize the effect of axial deformation on hydrogen storage of Ti decorated armchair (5,5) SWCNT. The theoretical characterization has been carried out in terms of H-2 adsorption energies that are lying in the desirable energy window (0.2 to 0.6eV) recommended by DOE, as well as a variety of physicochemical properties. A remarkable and significant change in H-2 adsorption energy is observed under the effect of only (1%) axial strain. Axial relaxation leads to H-2 adsorption energies within the recommended energy range for hydrogen storage, in contrast to axial compression. Simultaneous weakening of and sigma interactions, due to the effect of axial relaxation and loss of spatial orbital overlap, is in favor of hydrogen adsorption in the recommended energy range, and dominates the effect of charge transfer from Ti 3d to C 2p of the SWCNT. The calculated pairwise and non pairwise additive components confirm that the role of the SWCNT is not restricted to supporting the metal. Polarizability and hperpolarizabilty calculations as well as spectral analysis characterize the relaxed structure (Z=1.02), for which H-2 adsorption energy (0.34eV) is in the recommended energy range for hydrogen storage, to be energetically more preferable than the compressed structure (Z=0.99). The results offer a way to control and characterize the hydrogenation process of metal functionalized SWCNTs by strain loading.

Title: Synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties of cr-substituted co-zn ferrites nanopowders
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Agel, FA (Al-Agel, F. A.)[ 2 ]
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Nano-crystalline ferrites; Co0.9Zn0.1Fe2-xCrxO4 (where x = 0-1) have been synthesized through thermal decomposition reaction of their respective oxalates. The effect of Cr3+ ion substitution on the structural and magnetic properties was studied. Differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry (DTA-TG) techniques were used to characterize the oxalates decomposition reaction and following ferrite formation. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating scanning magnetometry (VSM) were used to characterize the structural, morphological and magnetic properties. XRD revealed single-phase cubic spinels. Both crystallite size and lattice parameter decreases with increasing Cr-content. FT-IR spectral studies confirmed the suggested cation distribution estimated through XRD measurements. TEM image showed agglomerated spherical nanoparticles with size of about 20 nm. The gradual decrease in the saturation magnetization, estimated through VSM measurements, with increasing Cr-content suggests the preferential occupation of Cr3+ ions in the octahedral sites and confirmed the suggested cation distribution while, the decrease in the coercivity values indicating the loss of magneto-crystalline anisotropy. The decrease in the Curie temperatures obtained from dc-magnetic susceptibility with the increasing chromium can be attributed to the decrease in the A-B exchange interaction. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: A computational matrix method for solving systems of high order fractional differential equations
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; El Danaf, TS (El Danaf, Talaat S.)[ 2 ] ; Hendy, AS (Hendy, A. S.)[ 1 ]
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In this paper, we introduced an accurate computational matrix method for solving systems of high order fractional differential equations. The proposed method is based on the derived relation between the Chebyshev coefficient matrix A of the truncated Chebyshev solution u(t) and the Chebyshev coefficient matrix A((nu)) of the fractional derivative u((nu)). The fractional derivatives are presented in terms of Caputo sense. The matrix method for the approximate solution for the systems of high order fractional differential equations (FDEs) in terms of Chebyshev collocation points is presented. The systems of FDEs and their conditions (initial or boundary) are transformed to matrix equations, which corresponds to system of algebraic equations with unknown Chebyshev coefficients. The remaining set of algebraic equations is solved numerically to yield the Chebyshev coefficients. Several numerical examples for real problems are provided to confirm the accuracy and effectiveness of the present method. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Heat and mass transfer in stagnation-point flow towards a vertical stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium with variable fluid properties and surface slip velocity
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of variable fluid properties on heat and mass transfer in stagnation-point flow towards a vertical stretching sheet immersed in a highly porous medium in the presence of surface slip. The governing conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy, and mass diffusion are converted into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation. This system is solved numerically using the Chebyshev spectral method. The effects of the stretching parameter, the slip parameter, the porosity parameter, the viscosity parameter, and the thermal conductivity parameter on the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are discussed in detail. Also, the numerical values of the local skin-friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number, and the local Sherwood number are illustrated in tabular form and discussed for both cases of assisting and opposing flows.

Title: Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric methods for the determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a review
Authors: Gouda, AA (Gouda, Ayman A.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sayed, MIK (El-Sayed, Mohamed I. Kotb)[ 2 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 3 ] ; El Sheikh, R (El Sheikh, Ragaa)[ 1 ]
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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the group most often used in human and veterinary medicine, since they are available without prescription for treatment of fever and minor pain. The clinical and pharmaceutical analysis of these drugs requires effective analytical procedures for quality control and pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies. An extensive survey of the literature published in various analytical and pharmaceutical chemistry related journals has been conducted and the instrumental analytical methods which were developed and used for determination of some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, coxibs, arylalkanoic acids, 2-arylpropionic acids (profens) and N-arylanthranilic acids (fenamic acids) in bulk drugs, formulations and biological fluids have been reviewed. This review covers the time period from 1985 to 2010 during which 145 spectrophotometric methods including UV and derivative; visible which is based on formation of metal complexation, redox reactions, ion pair formation, charge-transfer complexation and miscellaneous; flow injection spectrophotometry as well as spectrofluorometric methods were reported. The application of these methods for the determination of NSAIDs in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples has also been discussed. (C) 2011 King Saud University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of the generalized uncertainty principle on compact stars
Authors: Ali, AF (Ali, Ahmed Farag)[ 1 ] ; Tawfik, AN (Tawfik, Abdel Nasser)[ 2,3 ]
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Based on the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP), proposed by some approaches to quantum gravity such as string theory and doubly special relativity theories, we investigate the effect of GUP on the thermodynamic properties of compact stars with two different components. We note that the existence of quantum gravity correction tends to resist the collapse of stars if the GUP parameter a is taking values between Planck scale and electroweak scale. Comparing with approaches, it is found that the radii of compact stars become smaller relative to the cases utilizing standard Heisenberg principle. Increasing energy almost exponentially decreases the radii of compact stars.

Title: Lanthanides as environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors of iron in 3.5% nacl solution
Authors: Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Megahed, H (Megahed, H.)[ 2 ] ; Ead, DM (Ead, D. M.)[ 1 ]
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Lanthanides have been evaluated as new corrosion inhibitors for the corrosion of iron in 3.5% NaCl solutions using electrochemical techniques [potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and electrochemical frequency modulation]. The adsorption of lanthanides on iron surface was found to be of neither a typical physisorption nor a typical chemisorption mode. Increase in temperature increases corrosion rate but decreases inhibition efficiency. The thermodynamic functions of activation have been evaluated. The polarization measurements indicated that the inhibitors are of mixed type. The adsorption of these compounds was found to obey Langmuir's adsorption isotherm. The analysis of scanning electron microscopy and electron dispersion X-Ray confirmed the formation of precipitates of lanthanides on iron surface, which reduced the overall corrosion reaction.

Title: Effects of chemical reaction and heat generation on double-diffusive natural convection along a non-isothermal vertical cone in non-newtonian fluid saturated porous medium with variable viscosity and thermal radiation
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, M. A. A.)
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In this work, we studied of variable viscosity, Dufour and Soret effects on free convection heat and mass transfer of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid over a vertical full cone in a saturated porous medium in the presence of chemical reaction, non uniform heat generation and thermal radiation. The transformed nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method coupled with the shooting method. The influences of various parameters on the local Nusselt number and the local Sherwood number are presented and discussed.

Title: Magnetic, electronic, and vibrational properties of metal and fluorinated metal phthalocyanines
Authors: Arillo-Flores, OI (Arillo-Flores, O. I.)[ 1 ] ; Fadlallah, MM (Fadlallah, M. M.)[ 2,3 ] ; Schuster, C (Schuster, C.)[ 2 ] ; Eckern, U (Eckern, U.)[ 2 ] ; Romero, AH (Romero, A. H.)[ 1,4 ]
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The magnetic and electronic properties of metal phthalocyanines (MPc) and fluorinated metal phthalocyanines (F16MPc) are studied by means of spin density functional theory (SDFT). Several metals (M) such as Ca, all first d-row transition metals, and Ag are investigated. By considering different open shell transition metals it is possible to tune the electronic properties of MPc, in particular the electronic molecular gap and total magnetic moment. Besides determining the structural and electronic properties of MPc and F16MPc, the vibrational modes of the ScPc-ZnPc series have been studied. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.165115

Title: Fast and selective removal of silver(i) from aqueous media by modified chitosan resins
Authors: Elwakeel, KZ (Elwakeel, Khalid Z.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sayed, GO (El-Sayed, Gamal O.); Darweesh, RS (Darweesh, Ramy S.)
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Chitosan resin was cross-linked using ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether and modified through the reaction with ethylenediamine and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol to produce chitosan/amine (R-en) and chitosan/azole (R-az) resins, respectively. The adsorption behavior of the chelating resins towards Ag(I) from aqueous media was studied. Better adsorption behavior was achieved for Ag(I) by R-en resin. The chelating matrix obtained from ethylenediamine showed uptake capacity of 1.13 mmol/g in 20 min and at 25 degrees C. These resins were evaluated for their recovery of Ag(I) from aqueous solutions using batch methods and column techniques. Various parameters such as pH, agitation time, Ag(I) concentration and temperature had been studied. The kinetics and thermodynamic behavior of the adsorption reaction were defined. The obtained resins achieved promising results in the selective separation of Ag(I) from other metal ions. Both kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption process were obtained. The data indicated that the adsorption process is an exothermic reaction and kinetically proceeds according to pseudo-second order model. Regeneration and durability of the loaded resin towards the successive cycles were clarified. These parameters indicated that the resins can be applied in the removal of Ag(I). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Alpha-substitution effects on the ease of s -> n-acyl transfer in aminothioesters
Authors: El-Gendy, BEM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Zadeh, EHG (Zadeh, Ebrahim H. Ghazvini)[ 1 ] ; Sotuyo, AC (Sotuyo, Ania C.)[ 1 ] ; Pillai, GG (Pillai, Girinath G.)[ 1 ] ; Katritzky, AR (Katritzky, Alan R.)[ 1,3 ]
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In S-acylcysteines and homocysteines, the efficacy and rate of SN-acyl transfer (5 and 6 cyclic TSs) vary with the size of S-acyl group. Conformational and quantum chemical calculations indicate that the spatial distance, b(N-C), between the terminal amine and the thioester carbon is shortened by -C(O)X (X=OH, OMe, NH2) substituents.

Title: Numerical studies for flow and heat transfer of the powell-eyring fluid thin film over an unsteady stretching sheet with internal heat generation using the chebyshev finite difference method
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; Megahed, AM (Megahed, A. M.)[ 2 ]
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An analysis is carried out to study the unsteady two-dimensional Powell-Eyring flow and heat transfer to a laminar liquid film from a horizontal stretching surface in the presence of internal heat generation. The flow of a thin fluid film and subsequent heat transfer from the stretching surface is investigated with the aid of a similarity transformation. The transformation enables to reduce the unsteady boundary layer equations to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. A numerical solution of the resulting nonlinear differential equations is found by using an efficient Chebyshev finite difference method. A comparison of numerical results is made with the earlier published results for limiting cases. The effects of the governing parameters on the flow and thermal fields are thoroughly examined and discussed.

Title: Preparation and characterization of some gold nanometric compounds with simple organic materials as precursor: spectroscopic, biological and anti-cancer assessments
Authors: Atta, AH (Atta, Aly H.)[ 1,2 ] ; El-Shenawy, AI (El-Shenawy, Ahmed I.)[ 1,3 ] ; Refat, MS (Refat, Moamen S.)[ 4,5 ] ; Elsabawy, KM (Elsabawy, Khaled M.)[ 4,6 ]
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This study reports the synthesis of the gold nano-particles assembly mediated by some amino acids, such as ornithine (Urn), isoleucine (i-Leu), serine (Ser) and histidine (His). The structural characterization of [Au-2(AA)(2)(Cl)(2)]Cl-2+(2) (where AA = Orn, i-Leu, Ser and His) compounds were done by using elemental analysis, molar conductance, FT-IR, Raman, UV-vis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) spectroscopy. It has been found from the elemental analysis, spectroscopic and the thermal studies that the amino acids ligand behaves as bidentate ligand forming chelates with 1:1 (metahligand) stoichiometry. The molar conductance measurements of the complexes in DMSO indicate that the complexes are electrolyte. The thermal decomposition mechanisms were discussed for compounds Urn, i-Leu, Ser and His and occurred in two consecutive steps. The TG curves of the gold(III) compounds suggest the loss of the ligands (Urn, i-Leu, Ser and His) within two steps, with probable formation of a gold free metal. The biological and anti-cancer activities (Breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7-cell line) of the nano-sized complexes have also been studied. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Effects of quantum gravity on the inflationary parameters and thermodynamics of the early universe
Authors: Tawfik, A (Tawfik, A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Magdy, H (Magdy, H.)[ 1 ] ; Ali, AF (Ali, Ahmed Farag)[ 3 ]
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The effects of generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) on the inflationary dynamics and the thermodynamics of the early universe are studied. Using the GUP approach, the tensorial and scalar density fluctuations in the inflation era are evaluated and compared with the standard case. We find a good agreement with the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe data. Assuming that a quantum gas of scalar particles is confined within a thin layer near the apparent horizon of the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe which satisfies the boundary condition, the number and entropy densities and the free energy arising form the quantum states are calculated using the GUP approach. A qualitative estimation for effects of the quantum gravity on all these thermodynamic quantities is introduced.

Title: Synthesis, characterization and morphology of polyanthranilic acid micro- and nanostructures
Authors: Khalil, AA (Khalil, A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Shaaban, AF (Shaaban, A. F.)[ 1 ] ; Azab, MM (Azab, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; Mahmoud, AA (Mahmoud, A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Metwally, AM (Metwally, A. M.)[ 1 ]
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Polyanthranilic acid (PANA) nanofibres, nanorods, nanospheres and microspheres were synthesized by polymerization of anthranilic acid using ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) as oxidant without hard or soft templates. Polymerization of anthranilic acid was carried out in aqueous solutions of strong (hydrochloric) and weak (acetic) acids. The influence of synthetic parameters such as oxidant, initiator, dopant acid and its concentration, redox initiator, and reaction medium on the morphology and particle size of PANA have been investigated. PANA nanofibres and nanorods were obtained via redox polymerization of anthranilic acid initiated by FeSO4 as redox initiator. PANA nanospheres and nanofibres were also obtained when used aromatic amines as initiators. When polymerization carried out in the solution of weak (acetic) acid the microsphere morphology obtained and the particle size increase with increasing the concentration of weak acid. PANA nanorods were obtained also by polymerization of anthranilic in ethanol-water mixture unlike interfacial polymerization of anthranilic acid (in chloroform-water) that give PANA microspheres. The morphology and particle size of PANA was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The average diameter of nanostructures obtained

Title: Screening of thiophene-substituted metalloporphyrins (zn, ni, fe, ti) for use in dye-sensitized solar cells dft and td-dft study
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; El Mahdy, AM (El Mahdy, A. M.)[ 2 ] ; Taha, HO (Taha, H. O.)[ 2 ]
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We aim to optimize the performance of the title solar cells by altering the frontier orbital energy gaps. This was done by adding low-cost metal atoms (Zn, Ni, Fe, Ti) to the free-base porphyrin, and increasing the length and conjugation of the thiophene substituent. The results reveal that cell efficiency can be enhanced by metal functionalization of the free-base porphyrin, and increasing the p-conjugation and electron-withdrawing capability of the thiophene-substituted side chain. While Ti-porphyrin was found to be the most efficient dye sensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on metalloporphyrin donors and conjugated thiophene side chain acceptors, Fe-porphyrin was found to be the most efficient sensitizer for DSSCs based on metalloporphyrin donors and a series of oxide semiconductor acceptors. Metal atoms and thiophene side chains facilitate rapid electron injection from the donor moiety to the acceptor moiety, narrow the band gaps of the donors, acceptors, and donor-acceptor dyads, and alter the density of states near the Fermi levels. The highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) of the dyads are close to the HOMOs of the donors, and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) are close to the LUMOs of the acceptors. The HOMOs are localized on the donor moieties, and the LUMOs on the acceptor moieties. The introduction of low-cost Fe and Ti to the free-base porphyrin leads to more active nonlinear optical performance, stronger response to the external electric field, and induces higher photo-to-current conversion efficiency. They also red shift the absorption bands of the free-base porphyrin, and make it a potential candidate for harvesting light in the entire UV-Vis region of solar spectrum. Size ranges: dyes (0.1-1 nm) and pore diameters of a dye-sensitized mesoporous film of TiO2 (2-50 nm).

Title: Thermal radiation effect on flow and heat transfer of unsteady mhd micropolar fluid over vertical heated nonisothermal stretching surface using group analysis
Authors: Hassanien, IA (Hassanien, I. A.)[ 1 ] ; El-Hawary, HM (El-Hawary, H. M.)[ 1 ] ; Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, M. A. A.)[ 2 ] ; Abdel-Rahman, RG (Abdel-Rahman, R. G.)[ 2 ] ; Elfeshawey, AS (Elfeshawey, A. S.)[ 2 ]
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The aim of this paper is to study the thermal radiation effects on the flow and heat transfer of an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) micropolar fluid over a vertical heated nonisothermal stretching surface in the presence of a strong nonuniform magnetic field. The symmetries of the governing partial differential equations are de- termined by the two-parameter group method. One of the resulting systems of reduced nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by the Chebyshev spec- tral method. The effects of various parameters on the velocity, the angular velocity, and the temperature profiles as well as the skin-friction coefficient, the wall couple stress co- efficient, and the Nusselt number are studied.

Title: On the initial stress, magnetic field, voids and rotation effects on plane waves in generalized thermoelasticity
Authors: El-Naggar, AM (El-Naggar, A. M.)[ 1 ] ; Kishka, Z (Kishka, Z.)[ 2 ] ; Abd-Alla, AM (Abd-Alla, A. M.)[ 2,5 ] ; Abbas, IA (Abbas, I. A.)[ 2,6 ] ; Abo-Dahab, SM (Abo-Dahab, S. M.)[ 3,5 ] ; Elsagheer, M (Elsagheer, M.)[ 2,4 ]
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In this work, we study the effect of the magnetic field, rotation, thermal field, and the initial stress and also voids on the reflection of P-wave with one relaxation time. The formulation is applied to generalization, the Lord-Shulman theory with one relaxation time. The electromagneto-thermoelastic interactions in perfectly conducting plane is subjected to a uniform axial magnetic field with voids and rotation. It is shown that there exist four plane waves; P-1-, P-2-, P-3- and P-4-. In addition, the reflection coefficients from insulated stress-free surface for the incident P-wave are obtained. Finally, numerical values of the complex modulus of the reflection coefficients are visualized graphically to display the effects of magnetic field, initial stress, rotation, thermal relaxation time and voids parameters and displayed graphically. In the case of neglecting the effect of the magnetic field, and made clear the impact of other variables on the reflection coefficients, which is considered a special case of this study and displayed graphically.

Title: Optimization of polyester printing with disperse dye nanoparticles
Authors: Osman, H (Osman, H.)[ 1 ] ; Khairy, M (Khairy, M.)[ 2 ]
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A nanoparticle size disperse dye treated with ultrasound has been applied on polyester fabric without using a carrier. Various dyeing and process parameters used are studied in detail, such as K/S values, dye particle size, dye exposure to ultrasound waves, printing paste pH, steaming conditions of prints, morphological study using SEM and TEM of dye particles and fastness properties of the prints. The use of nanosized dye particles enormously improves the colour depth of the prints without the addition of extra chemicals to the printing paste.

Title: Prazole compounds as inhibitors for corrosion of aluminum in hydrochloric acid
Authors: Hazazi, OA (Hazazi, Omar A.)[ 1 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 2,1 ]
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The influence of three compounds of anti-ulcer prazole drugs on the dissolution of aluminum electrode in 1.0M HCl solution was investigated using weight loss, hydrogen evolution reaction, galvanostatic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing the concentration of the inhibitors and with decreasing the temperature. The inhibition action of these compounds was explained in terms of adsorption on the aluminum surface. The adsorption process follows Langmuir isotherm. Some activated thermodynamic parameters were calculated. The polarization studies showed that these compounds are acting as mixed inhibitors. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique exhibit one capacitive loop indicating that, the corrosion reaction is controlled by charge transfer process. The results obtained from different techniques are in good agreement.

Title: Determination of thallium at ultra-trace levels in water and biological samples using solid phase spectrophotometry
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sharjawy, AAM (El-Sharjawy, Abdel-Azeem M.)[ 1 ] ; Kassem, MA (Kassem, Mohammed A.)[ 1 ]
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A new simple, very sensitive, selective and accurate procedure for the determination of trace amounts of thallium(III) by solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) has been developed. The procedure is based on fixation of TOR) as quinalizarin ion associate on a styrene-divinylbenzene anion-exchange resin. The absorbance of resin sorbed TI(III) ion associate is measured directly at 636 and 830 nm. Thallium(I) was determined by difference measurements after oxidation of TI(I) to TI(III) with bromine. Calibration is linear over the range 0.5-12.0 mu g L-1 of TI(III) with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.40% (n = 10). The detection and quantification limits are 150 and 495 mu g L-1 using 0.6 g of the exchanger. The molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity are also calculated and found to be 1.31 x 107 L mol(-1) cm(-1) and 0.00156 ng cm(-2), respectively. The proposed procedure has been successfully applied to determine thallium in water, urine and serum samples. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Thermal and mechanical properties of plywood sheets based on polystyrene/silica nanocomposites and palm tree fibers
Authors: El-Bashir, SM (El-Bashir, S. M.)[ 1,2 ]
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Plywood sheets based on wood plastic nanocomposites were prepared using palm tree fibers (PTF) filled in polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites. The nanocomposite sheets were prepared using free radical polymerization of styrene monomer containing 60 % PTF and different nanosilica concentrations. The effect of coupling agent on the adhesion between PTF and PS/SiO2 nanocomposites and PTF was pronounced at low nanosilica concentrations. The results of the flexural strength, impact test, abrasion resistance, and water absorption were explained on the basis of the effect of coupling agent between PTF and nanocomposite resin.

Title: Performance of some thiophene derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for 304 stainless steel in aqueous solutions
Authors: Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Alsawy, TF (Alsawy, T. F.)[ 2 ] ; Ahmed, ES (Ahmed, E. S.)[ 2 ] ; Abou-elmagd, BS (Abou-elmagd, B. S.)[ 1 ]
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The inhibitive effect of 2-cyano-3-hydroxy-4(Ar)-5-anilino thiophene derivatives on the corrosion of 304 stainless steel (SS) in 3 M HCl solution has been investigated by weight loss, galvanostatic polarization techniques, and potentiodynamic anodic polarization in 3.5 % NaCl. The results indicate that these compounds act as inhibitors retarding the anodic and cathodic corrosion reactions. The presence of inhibitors does not change the mechanism of either hydrogen evolution reaction or SS dissolution. The activation energy and some thermodynamic parameters are calculated and discussed. These compounds are mixed-type inhibitors in the acid solution, and their adsorption on the SS surface is found to obey the Temkin adsorption isotherm. The results suggest that the percentage inhibition of these thiophene derivatives increases with increasing inhibitor concentration and decreases with increasing temperature. The synergistic parameter (S) was calculated and found to have a value greater than unity, indicating that the enhanced inhibition efficiency caused by the addition of I-, SCN-, and Br- is only due to a synergistic effect. The relationship between molecular structure and inhibition efficiency was elucidated by quantum-chemical calculations using semi-empirical self-consistent field (SCF) methods.

Title: Synthesis of some aromatic nitro compounds and its applications as inhibitors for corrosion of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Asghar, BH (Asghar, B. H.)[ 1 ] ; Zaafarany, I (Zaafarany, I.)[ 1 ] ; Sobhi, M (Sobhi, M.)[ 2 ]
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The inhibition effect of some synthetic aromatic nitro compounds on the corrosion of carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution was studied using galvanostatic and potentiodynamic anodic polarization measurements. The percentage inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing the concentration of inhibitors and decreasing of temperature. Polarization data indicated that the additives acted as mixed-type inhibitors meaning that these compounds reduced the anodic dissolution of carbon steel and retard the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction. Inhibition was interpreted in view of formation of insoluble complex adsorbed on the metal surface. The formation of complex was confirmed by UV-spectra. The adsorption of these compounds was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Activation energy and some activated thermodynamic parameters were computed and discussed. It was found that these additives provide good protection to carbon steel against pitting corrosion in chloride-containing solution.

Title: Synergistic effect of some halide ions on the inhibition of zinc corrosion in hydrocchloric acid by tetrahydro carbazole derivatives compounds.
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1,4 ] ; Atwa, ST (Atwa, S. T.)[ 1 ] ; Salem, MM (Salem, M. M.)[ 2 ] ; Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 3 ]
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The synergistic effects of some ions such as KI, KCl and KBr on the corrosion inhibition of zinc in 0.4 M HCl by tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives compounds has been investigated using weight loss measurements. Potentiodynamic anodic polarization technique was used to measure the pitting corrosion potential and Quantum Chemical studies (Computational Study) were investigated. Results obtained show that these compounds are good inhibitors and their inhibition efficiencies (IE %) increase with the increase of inhibitor concentration. The presence of I-, Br- and Cl- anions increase the inhibition efficiency of tetrahydrocarbazole compounds due to the synergistic effect. Halide ions are normally strongly adsorbed on the zinc surface and facilitate the adsorption of organic compounds by forming intermediate bridges between the positively charge metal surface and the positive end of the tetrahydrocarbazole molecule. Thus, the inhibitor is not adsorbed directly on the metal itself but rather by columbic attraction to the adsorbed halide ions on the metal surface. It is also found that these compounds inhibit the pitting corrosion of zinc in chloride containing solution by shifting the pitting corrosion potential into more positive(noble) direction. Quantum parameters chemical parameters were constructed in order to characterize the inhibition of these compounds efficiency.

Title: Heat transfer in a liquid film due to an unsteady stretching surface with variable heat flux
Authors: Liu, IC (Liu, I. -Chung)[ 1 ] ; Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)[ 2 ] ; Wang, HH (Wang, Hung-Hsun)[ 1 ]
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The heat transfer characteristics of a viscous liquid film flow over an unsteady stretching sheet subject to variable heat flux are investigated numerically. The effect of thermal radiation applying to an optically thick medium is also considered. The governing boundary layer equations are transformed into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using an efficient fifth-order step-adapted Runge-Kutta integration scheme together with Newton-Raphson method. The dimensionless temperature is plotted for various governing parameters; say, unsteadiness parameter, effective Prandtl number, distance index, as well as time index. It is found that the heat transfer aspects are strongly influenced by the relevant parameters.

Title: A new formula for adomian polynomials and the analysis of its truncated series solution for fractional non-differentiable initial value problems
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)
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A new formula for Adomian polynomials is introduced and applied to obtain truncated series solutions for fractional initial value problems with nondifferentiable functions. These kinds of equations contain a fractional single term which is examined using Jumarie fractional derivatives and fractional Taylor series for nondifferentiable functions. The property of nonlocality of these equations is examined, and the existence and uniqueness of solutions are discussed. Convergence and error analysis for the Adomian series solution are also studied. Numerical examples show the accuracy and efficiency of this formula for solving initial value problems for high-order fractional differential equations.

Title: Influence of al-substitution on structural, electrical and magnetic properties of mn-zn ferrites nanopowders prepared via the sol-gel auto-combustion method
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Daiem, AM (Abdel-Daiem, A. M.)[ 2,3 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ] ; Ismail, IM (Ismail, I. M.)[ 1,4 ]
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A series of nano-sized Al-substituted manganese zinc ferrites, Mn0.8Zn0.2Fe2-xAlxO4 (x = 0.0-1.0), with a cubic spinel crystal structure were prepared through the citrate sal-gel auto-combustion method. Thermogravimetric measurements revealed that the optimum calcination temperature for complete formation of ferrites is 300 degrees C. At higher calcination temperatures X-ray diffraction indicated the presence of Fe2O3 and Mn2O3 secondary phases, attributed to the ferrites decomposition. The average crystallite size, calculated using the Debye-Scherrer equation, lies in the range 5-38 nm. The gradual decrease in lattice parameter with increasing Al-content can be attributed to the smaller ionic radii of the Al3+ ion. The TEM image showed large agglomerates of strongly connected cubic aggregates. FT-IR spectra exhibited two prominent absorption bands, nu(1) and nu(2), characteristic for the spinet structure. VSM measurements indicated a gradual decrease in the saturation magnetization with increasing Al-content, until it vanished at x = 0.8, followed by a slight increase. The reduction in coercivity with increasing Al-content can be ascribed to the effect of magneto-crystalline anisotropy. Based on XRD, FT-IR and VSM studies, an appropriate cation distribution for the present investigated system was suggested. The temperature dependence of the AC-conductivity as a function of the applied frequency showed semiconducting behavior with a transformation in the conduction mechanism from the ferrimagnetic to the paramagnetic state for ferrites with x

Title: A numerical technique for solving fractional variational problems
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1 ] ; Hendy, AS (Hendy, A. S.)[ 1 ]
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This paper presents an accurate numerical method for solving a class of fractional variational problems (FVPs). The fractional derivative in these problems is in the Caputo sense. The proposed method is called fractional Chebyshev finite difference method. In this technique, we approximate FVPs and end up with a finite-dimensional problem. The method is based on the combination of the useful properties of Chebyshev polynomials approximation and finite difference method. The Caputo fractional derivative is replaced by a difference quotient and the integral by a finite sum. The fractional derivative approximation using Clenshaw and Curtis formula introduced here, along with Clenshaw and Curtis procedure for the numerical integration of a non-singular functions and the Rayleigh-Ritz method for the constrained extremum, is considered. By this method, the given problem is reduced to the problem for solving a system of algebraic equations, and by solving this system, we obtain the solution of FVPs. Special attention is given to study the convergence analysis and evaluate an error upper bound of the obtained approximate formula. Illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the proposed technique. A comparison with another method is given. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Title: A dft analysis of the molecular structures of nitrophenoxathiin compounds
Authors: El-karim, IAG (El-karim, Iman A. Gad)
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The influence of nonbonding intramolecular interaction of the nitro group, on the tendency by which its sigma- and pi-withdrawing characters can affect the puckering of the phenoxathiin nucleus is investigated. The structure of the selected nitrophenoxathiins is predicted with the help of density functional calculations using the B3LYP/6-31+G(d) model. The magnitude of change in the puckering angle of phenoxathiin is found to be dependent on the orientation attained by the nitro groups, which determines the extent by which the pi-withdrawing character of the nitro group operates on the phenoxathiin nucleus. The in-plane nitro group in position-2 and -3 and the partially twisted nitro in position-1 induce flattening on the phenoxathiin nucleus while the out-of-plane nitro group in position-4 induces further puckering on the phenoxathiin nucleus. Successive substitution by nitro groups at these positions enhances these effects. 1,8-Dinitrophenoxathiin is predicted to be the least puckered while 4,6-dinitrophenoxathiin is the most puckered in the dinitro-series. Few examples of tetranitrophenoxathiins are investigated and prove to follow the same trends. The encountered changes are analyzed in terms of the changes in the hybridization of the substituted carbon atom. The HOMO and LUMO frontier orbitals of the studied compounds are presented.

Title: The effect of ruthenium on the performance of porphyrin dye and porphyrin-fullerene dyad solar cells predicted by dft and td-dft calculations
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)[ 1 ] ; El Mahdy, AM (El Mahdy, A. M.)[ 2 ]
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The effect of ruthenium on the performance of porphyrin dye and porphyrin-fullerene (PF) dyad solar cells is investigated by using density functional theory and time-dependant density functional theory calculations. The results reveal that ruthenium facilitates rapid electron injection from porphyrin to fullerene, narrows the band gaps of porphyrin dye and PF dyad and alters the density of states near the corresponding Fermi levels. The HOMOs are localised on the donor moieties and the LUMOs on the acceptor moieties. The donor and acceptor dyads form good donor-acceptor pairs for photo-to-current conversion under the effect of ruthenium. HOMOs of porphyrin and ruthenium metalloporphyrin dyes fall within the (TiO2)(60) and Ti38O76 gaps, and support the issue of typical interfacial electron transfer reaction. The calculated transition energies of porphyrin are almost insensitive to ethanol solvent effects. The introduction of ruthenium to the porphyrin ring leads to more active nonlinear optical performance, stronger response to the external electric field and induces higher photo-to-current conversion efficiency. Moreover, ruthenium shifts the absorption bands of porphyrin and makes it a potential candidate for harvesting light for photovoltaic applications.

Title: The antileukemic activity of modified fibrinogen-methotrexate conjugate (vol 1830, pg 2526, 2013)
Authors: Goszczynski, T (Goszczynski, Tomasz)[ 1 ] ; Nevozhay, D (Nevozhay, Dmitry)[ 2,3 ] ; Wietrzyk, J (Wietrzyk, Joanna)[ 2 ] ; Omar, MS (Omar, Mohamed Salah)[ 1,4,5 ] ; Boratynski, J (Boratynski, Janusz)[ 1 ]
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Title: Structural characterization and activation energy of nitio3 nanopowders prepared by the co-precipitation and impregnation with calcinations
Authors: Gabal, MAEF (Gabal, Mohamed Abd El-Fattah)[ 1 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Yasser Mohamed)[ 1 ] ; Obaid, AY (Obaid, Abdallah Yousef)[ 1 ]
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In this paper, we report on the formation of novel hexagonal NiTiO3 nanopowders synthesized by the impregnation or co-precipitation methods through the thermal decomposition reaction of the precursors. The decomposition course was followed using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. The intermediate decomposition products as well as the formed titanate were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. XRD patterns of the precursors calcined at 1000 degrees C showed the formation of the single ilmenite-type rhombohedral structure only with the impregnated precursor, while with the precipitated NiTiO3 powders one it indicates the presence of some NiO and TiO2 impurities. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) exhibited loosely agglomerated hexagonal particles with uniform morphology having a size around 61 nm. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurements showed a type III isotherm with calculated surface area of 152 m(2)/g. The plot of In sigma ac vs. temperature as a function of frequency indicates a semiconducting behavior with ferroelectric phase transition at 605 K. The calculated activation in the ferroelectric region is 0.93 eV suggests the predominance of hopping conduction mechanism. Kinetic analysis of TG data according to different integral methods showed that in the NiC2O4 center dot 2H(2)O-TiO2 precursor, the water molecules are coordinately bounded and the presence of TiO2 reduces the activation energy needed to the oxalate decomposition reaction. (c) 2013 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS On behalf of Academie des sciences.

Title: A preliminary study on the potential of the geothermal resources around the gulf of suez, egypt
Authors: Lashin, A (Lashin, Aref)[ 1,2,3 ]
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The Gulf of Suez is characterized by the presence of many hot springs and deep thermal wells scattered around its coastal areas. So it is considered one of the promised geothermal areas in Egypt. In this study, the main emphasis is to investigate the geothermal potential around the Gulf of Suez using the available logging and geothermometer datasets. The temperature profiles and well logging data of some hot springs and deep wells around or within the coastal area of the Gulf of Suez are used in this study. The temperature profiles are analyzed and some important thermophysical properties are estimated (geothermal gradient, thermal conductivity, heat flow, and specific heat capacity). Such analysis revealed that a medium to high geothermal gradient (22.0-30A degrees C/Km) is given for the Gulf of Suez as a whole, with some spots of much higher gradient in the order of 35.0-44A degrees C/Km (Ras Fanar and Hammam Faraun areas). The compiled thermal plots show that the thick evaporites and rock salt lithology, which is a major constituent in this area, attain the highest thermal conductivity (> 3.10 W/m/K) and heat flow (> 90 mW/m(2)) and the lowest specific heat capacity (< 0.30 J/kg/K). The available gamma ray and the natural gamma ray spectroscopy logs are used to conduct a radioactive-based heat generation study using the characteristic radioactive nature of some elements like; U-238, U-235, Th-232, and of the isotope of K-40. A good linearity is observed between the heat production (A in microwatt per cubic meter) and the gamma ray (API) along a wide range of datasets (0-150 API) in all wells. The heat production factor increases in the carbonate lithology (up to 3.20 mu W/m(3)) and is proportional to the shale volume. A geothermometer-based study is used to estimate the subsurface formation temperature and heat flow from the geochemical analysis of some water samples collected from the studied hot springs. The estimated thermal parameters are in harmony with the regional thermal regime concluded form logging data. A thermal basin growth study, in relation to the clay diagenesis is conducted concerning the thermal effects that take place with depth giving rise to another clay mineral (illite). Furthermore, a number of 2D thermal-burial history diagrams are constructed for the complied sections of some of the studied areas to show the vertical distribution of the estimated petrothermal properties. A reserve evaluation study is carried out to estimate the economic geothermal capacity of these hot springs to be used as alternative clean source for possible energy production (electricity) and other low-temperature purposes.

Title: Reservoir parameters determination using artificial neural networks: ras fanar field, gulf of suez, egypt
Authors: Lashin, A (Lashin, Aref)[ 1,2,3 ] ; El Din, SS (El Din, Samy Serag)[ 4 ]
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Ras Fanar field is one of the largest oil-bearing carbonate reservoirs in the Gulf of Suez. The field produces from the Middle Miocene Nullipore carbonate reservoir, which consists mainly of algal-rich dolomite and dolomitic limestone rocks, and range in thickness between 400 and 980 ft. All porosity types within the Nullipore rocks have been modified by diagenetic processes such as dolomitization, leaching, and cementation; hence, the difficulty arise in the accurate determination of certain petrophysical parameters, such as porosity and permeability, using logging data only. In this study, artificial neural networks (ANN) are used to estimate and predict the most important petrophysical parameters of Nullipore reservoir based on well logging data and available core plug analyses. The different petrophysical parameters are first calculated from conventional logging and measured core analyses. It is found that pore spaces are uniform all over the reservoirs (17-23%), while hydrocarbon content constitutes more than 55% and represented mainly by oil with little saturations of secondary gasses. A regular regression analysis is carried out over the calculated and measured parameters, especially porosity and permeability. Fair to good correlation (R < 65%) is recognized between both types of datasets. A predictive ANN module is applied using a simple forward backpropagation technique using the information gathered from the conventional and measured analyses. The predicted petrophysical parameters are found to be much more accurate if compared with the parameters calculated from conventional logging analyses. The statistics of the predicted parameters relative to the measured data, show lower sum error (< 0.17%) and higher correlation coefficient (R > 80%) indicating that good matching and correlation is achieved between the measured and predicted parameters. This well-learned artificial neural network can be further applied as a predictive module in other wells in Ras Fanar field where core data are unavailable.

Title: Removal of pb(ii), cd(ii), mn(ii), and zn(ii) using iminodiacetate chelating resin by batch and fixed-bed column methods
Authors: Shaaban, AF (Shaaban, A. F.)[ 1 ] ; Fadel, DA (Fadel, D. A.)[ 2 ] ; Mahmoud, AA (Mahmoud, A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Elkomy, MA (Elkomy, M. A.)[ 3 ] ; Elbahy, SM (Elbahy, S. M.)[ 1 ]
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Chelating resin bearing iminodiacetate function was prepared through subsequent treatment of poly(acrylamide-co-N,N-methylenebisacrylamide) by ethylenediamine and sodium chloroacetate, respectively. The prepared resins were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The different factors affecting the metal ions adsorption of this chelating resin such as solution pH, metal ions concentration, contact time, and adsorption temperature were studied in batch method. The prepared chelating resin showed a significant uptake performance towards Pb(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), and Cd(II) ions. Sorption capacities were found to be 1.7, 1.5, 1.6, and 1.77mmol/g resin for Pb(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), and Cd(II), respectively. Equilibrium data were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms. The results showed that the adsorption process was well described by Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption process were estimated. These data indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics. Also, the removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions using iminodiacetate chelating resin in fixed-bed column was studied. Regeneration of chelating resin loaded with metal ions was successfully performed and the resin could be used repeatedly for five times with a small decrease in adsorption capacity.

Title: Synthesis of two novel dinuclear molybdenum(0) complexes of quinoxaline-2,3-dione: new precursors for preparation of alpha-moo3 nanoplates
Authors: Nassar, MY (Nassar, Mostafa Y.)[ 1 ] ; Attia, AS (Attia, Attia S.)[ 2 ] ; Alfallous, KA (Alfallous, Khalifa A.)[ 2 ] ; El-Shahat, MF (El-Shahat, M. F.)[ 2 ]
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alpha-MoO3 nanoplates have been prepared through thermal decomposition of two novel organometallic molybdenum complexes, as new solid precursors, at 500 degrees C for 2 h. The two molybdenum complexes ([(Mo-2(bipy)(CO)(n)(DQ)(m)]; where, DQ = quinoxaline-2,3-dione; n = 2 or 4, m = 2 or 3) were synthesized by reaction of Mo(CO)(6), and DQ in presence of 2,2'-bipyridine in THF solvent at reflux temperature under atmospheric or reduced pressure. Interestingly, the crystallite size of the produced MoO3 nanoplates products (80.7 and 114 nm) depended on the organic moiety content of the ignited solid precursor. The as-prepared products were characterized by means of elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, thermal analysis (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Field emission electron microscopy (FESEM) and mass spectroscopy. The produced MoO3 nanoplates showed semiconducting properties by exhibiting optical band gab energy of 3.0 or 3.25 eV. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Electrical properties of fast ion conducting silver based borate glasses: application in solid battery
Authors: Masoud, EM (Masoud, Emad M.)[ 1 ] ; Khairy, M (Khairy, M.)[ 1 ] ; Mousa, MA (Mousa, M. A.)[ 1 ]
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The electrical properties of the ternary ionic conducting glass system xAgI-(1 - x)[0.67Ag(2)O-0.33B(2)O(3)], where x = 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8, were studied for emphasizing the influence of silver iodide concentration on the transport properties in the based borate glasses. The glasses were prepared by melt quenching technique and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR spectra and differential thermal analysis (DTA). XRD confirmed a glassy nature for all investigated compositions. Electrical conductivity (sigma), dielectric constan t(epsilon'), dielectric loss (epsilon '') and impedance spectra (Z'-Z '') were studied for all samples at a frequency range of 0-10(6) Hz and over a temperature range of 303-413 K. Changes of conductivity and dielectric properties with composition, temperature and frequency were analyzed and discussed. A silver iodine battery using glassy electrolyte sample with the highest ionic conductivity (x = 0.6) was studied. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

Title: 24-epibrassinolide regulates photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activities and proline content of cucumis sativus under salt and/or copper stress
Authors: Fariduddin, Q (Fariduddin, Q.)[ 1 ] ; Khalil, RRAE (Khalil, Radwan R. A. E.)[ 2 ] ; Mir, BA (Mir, Bilal A.)[ 1 ] ; Yusuf, M (Yusuf, M.)[ 3 ] ; Ahmad, A (Ahmad, A.)[ 1 ]
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Brassinosteroids have been extensively used to overcome various abiotic stresses. But its role in combined stress of salt and excess copper remains unexplored. Seeds of two cultivars (Rocket and Jumbo) of Cucumis sativus were grown in sand amended with copper (100 mg kg(-1)), and developed seedlings were exposed to salt stress in the form of NaCl (150 mM) at the 30-day stage of growth for 3 days. These seedlings were subsequently sprayed with 0 or 0.01 mu M of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) at the 35-day stage. The plants exposed to NaCl and Cu in combination exhibited a significant decline in fresh and dry mass of plant, chlorophyll content, activities of carbonic anhydrase, net photosynthetic rate and maximum quantum yield of the PSII primary photochemistry followed by NaCl and Cu stress alone, more severely in Jumbo than in Rocket. However, the follow-up treatment with EBL to the stressed and nonstressed plant improved growth, chlorophyll content, carbonic anhydrase activity and photosynthetic efficiency, and further enhanced the activity of various antioxidant enzymes viz. catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and content of proline at the 40-day stage of growth, and the response of the hormone was more effective in Rocket than in Jumbo. The elevated level of antioxidant enzymes as well as proline could have conferred tolerance to the NaCl- and/or Cu-stressed plants resulting in improved growth, water relations and photosynthetic attributes. Furthermore, antioxidant enzyme activity and proline content were more enhanced in Rocket than in Jumbo cultivar.

Title: Numerical study for the fractional differential equations generated by optimization problem using chebyshev collocation method and fdm
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 3 ] ; Mahdy, AMS (Mahdy, A. M. S.)[ 4 ]
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This paper is devoted with numerical solution of the system fractional differential equations (FDEs) which are generated by optimization problem using the Chebyshev collocation method. The fractional derivatives are presented in terms of Caputo sense. The application of the proposed method to the generated system of FDEs leads to algebraic system which can be solved by the Newton iteration method. The method introduces a promising tool for solving many systems of non-linear FDEs. Two numerical examples are provided to confirm the accuracy and the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Comparisons with the fractional finite difference method (FDM) and the fourth order Runge-Kutta (RK4) are given.

Title: Characterization of poly (vinyl alcohol)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) polymer blend: structure, optical absorption, electrical and dielectric properties
Authors: Sheha, E (Sheha, E.)[ 1 ] ; Nasr, M (Nasr, Mona)[ 1 ] ; El-Mansy, MK (El-Mansy, M. K.)[ 1 ]
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Polymer blends of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate)), were prepared by casting from aqueous solution. They were characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetery, thermo gravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared, ac spectroscopy and optical UV-visible absorption techniques. The thermal analysis did not illustrate significant variations of PVA when blended with different concentrations of PEDOT: PSS. The bulk conductivity of PVA/PEDOT: PSS blend illustrated a two orders increase, while the activation energy reduced from 0.52 to 0.16 eV with an increasing PEDOT: PSS concentration to 4 wt%. In addition, the frequency dependence of conductivity obeyed the power relation sigma similar to omega(s), 0.3 < s < 0.45, which predicts ionic diffusion. The dielectric constant epsilon(sic) and dielectric loss epsilon '' obeyed, at ambient temperature, the Debye dispersion relations in a wide range of frequencies. A new significant optical broad absorption peak appeared in the visible range around 926 nm. Its height increased by increasing the PEDOT: PSS concentration, which was attributed to a direct energy band gap, in the range 1.05-1.2 eV, and plasmon-exciton interaction.

Title: Variable fluid properties and variable heat flux effects on the flow and heat transfer in a non-newtonian maxwell fluid over an unsteady stretching sheet with slip velocity
Authors: Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)
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The effects of variable fluid properties and variable heat flux on the flow and heat transfer of a non-Newtonian Maxwell fluid over an unsteady stretching sheet in the presence of slip velocity have been studied. The governing differential equations are transformed into a set of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations and then solved with a numerical technique using appropriate boundary conditions for various physical parameters. The numerical solution for the governing non-linear boundary value problem is based on applying the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method coupled with the shooting technique over the entire range of physical parameters. The effects of various parameters like the viscosity parameter, thermal conductivity parameter, unsteadiness parameter, slip velocity parameter, the Deborah number, and the Prandtl number on the flow and temperature profiles as well as on the local skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are presented and discussed. Comparison of numerical results is made with the earlier published results under limiting cases.

Title: An efficient approximate method for solving linear fractional klein–gordon equation based on the generalized laguerre polynomials
Authors:
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a new approximate formula of the fractional derivative is derived. The proposed formula is based on the generalized Laguerre polynomials. Global approximations to functions defined on a semi-infinite interval are constructed. The fractional derivatives are presented in terms of Caputo sense. Special attention is given to study the error and the convergence analysis of the proposed formula. A new spectral Laguerre collocation method is presented for solving linear fractional Klein–Gordon equation (LFKGE). The properties of Laguerre polynomials are utilized to reduce LFKGE to a system of ordinary differential equations, which solved using the finite difference method. Numerical results are provided to confirm the theoretical results and the efficiency of the proposed method.

Title: Mixed convection flow of a micropolar fluid past a vertical stretching surface in a thermally stratified porous medium with thermal radiation
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Waheed, SE (Waheed, Shimaa E.)[ 1,2 ]
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This paper is concerned with the effect of thermally stratification on the steady, two-dimensional mixed convection flow of a micropolar fluid past a vertical stretching permeable surface saturated in porous medium taking into account the effect of thermal radiation. The governing system of partial differential equations describing the problem are converted into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation. The resulting system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations is solved numerically using the Chebyshev spectral method. The numerical results for the velocity, the micro-rotation and the temperature are displayed graphically showing the effects of various parameters like the buoyancy parameter, the radiation parameter, the stratification parameter, the permeability parameter and the suction/injection parameter. Moreover, the numerical values of the local skinfriction coefficient, the wall couple stress and the local Nusselt number for these parameters are also tabulated and discussed.

Title: Numerical solution for boundary layer flow due to a nonlinearly stretching sheet with variable thickness and slip velocity
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)[ 2 ]
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This article presents a numerical solution for the flow of a Newtonian fluid over an impermeable stretching sheet with a power law surface velocity, slip velocity and variable thickness. The flow is caused by a nonlinear stretching of a sheet. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation which is using appropriate boundary conditions for various physical parameters. The numerical solutions of the resulting nonlinear ODEs are found by using the efficient finite difference method (FDM). The effects of the slip parameter and the wall thickness parameter on the flow profile are presented. Moreover, the local skin friction is presented. Comparison of the obtained numerical results is made with previously published results in some special cases, and excellent agreement is noted. The results attained in this paper confirm the idea that FDM is a powerful mathematical tool and can be applied to a large class of linear and nonlinear problems arising in different fields of science and engineering.

Title: Structure, electrical, dielectric, and optical investigation on polyvinyl alcohol/metal chloride nanocomposites
Authors: Shash, NM (Shash, N. M.)[ 1 ] ; Khoder, H (Khoder, H.)[ 1 ] ; Metawe, F (Metawe, F.)[ 2 ] ; Negm, AA (Negm, A. A.)[ 1 ]
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Different concentrations of metal chlorides/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites have been prepared by the typical solvent cast technique. The prepared samples were investigated by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscope. DC and AC conductivities are examined at different temperatures and frequencies. An activation process was found in the DC conductivity versus temperature relation and the activation energy was calculated. The AC conductivity obeyed the S power law. The behavior of S with temperature was studied. Various dielectric parameters such as dielectric constant (epsilon), dielectric loss (epsilon) and loss tangent (tan ) have been determined in the temperature range 303-443 K at different frequencies. The dielectric parameters were found to decrease with increasing frequency. The study of dielectric relaxation as a function of temperature at constant frequency shows two relaxation mechanisms. The optical band gaps and band tails were estimated from the measured absorption spectra. The applied photon energy found to affect the observed optical band gaps. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

Title: Thermal diffusion and mhd effects on combined free-forced convection and mass transfer of a viscous fluid flow through a porous medium with heat generation
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, GM (Abdel-Rahman, Gamal M.)
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The problem of thermal diffusion and magnetic field effects on combined free-forced convection and mass transfer flow past a vertical porous flat plate, in the presence of heat generation is studied numerically. The governing momentum, energy and concentration equations are converted into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by means of similarity transformations. The resulting system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations is solved numerically by using the Shooting method. Numerical results are presented for velocity, temperature and concentration profiles within the boundary layer for different parameters of the problem including suction parameter, heat generation parameter, Soret number, Dufour number, magnetic parameter, etc. In addition, the effects of the pertinent parameters on the skin friction and the rates of heat and mass transfer are discussed numerically and illustrated graphically.

Title: Numerical treatment for solving the perturbed fractional pdes using hybrid techniques
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1,2 ]
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In this article, an accurate numerical approach is introduced. In this approach we mixed between the fractional finite difference method and the restrictive Taylor approximation (RTA). The proposed method is implemented to solve numerically the perturbed fractional partial differential equations (FPDEs). Special attention is given to study the stability and consistency of the method by means of Gerschgorin theorem and using the stability matrix analysis. Two numerical examples are given and compared with the exact solution. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: Inhibition of c-steel corrosion in acidic solution using the aqueous extract of zallouh root
Authors: Ei-Etre, AY (Ei-Etre, A. Y.)
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The inhibitive action of the aqueous extract of the root of shirsh el zallouh (Ferula harmonis) toward the corrosion of C-steel in HCl solution was investigated. The inhibition efficiency was measured using weight loss and potentiostatic polarization techniques. The electrochemical behavior of the extract was investigated using cyclic voltammetry. It was found that the addition of the extract reduces the corrosion rate of C-steel. The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing extract concentration. The inhibitive effect of the tested extract was discussed in view of adsorption of its components on the steel surface. The adsorption of the extract components on the C-steel surface follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The inhibition efficiency decreases as the temperature is increased. The presence of extract increases the activation energy of the corrosion process of C-steel. The curves of cyclic voltammetry technique showed that the adsorbed molecules reduce the charge density on the steel surface. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Co adsorption on pd atoms deposited on mgo, cao, sro and bao surfaces: density functional calculations
Authors: Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)[ 2 ] ; Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)[ 1 ] ; Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ]
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The adsorption properties of CO molecules adsorbed on Pd atoms supported on various sites of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO surfaces have been studied by means of a density functional cluster model approach. Clusters were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host surface, and ions that were the nearest neighbors to the adsorption site were allowed to relax to equilibrium. The metal Pd atoms are stabilized with different binding energies on the examined defect-free and defect-containing surfaces of the oxide supports. We considered oxide anions, neutral and charged anion vacancies located at the regular (001) surfaces. CO is used as a probe molecule to characterize where the Pd atoms are located. This is done by analyzing how the Pd-CO binding energy changes as a function of the substrate site, where the Pd atom is bound, and on the basicity of the oxide support. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Radiation effect on mixed convection of hydromagnetic boundary layer flow of a non-newtonian fluid at a stretching surface
Authors: Mahmoud, MA (Mahmoud, M. A.)
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The problem of mixed convection heat transfer characteristic it) an electrically conducting non-Newtonian fluid of viscoelastic type is-investigated near an isothermal stretching vertical sheet. This has been done under the combined effect; of buoyancy and radiation in the presence of a transverse magnetic field. The sheet is linearly stretched in the presence of a uniform free stream of constant velocity and temperature. The effect of internal heat generation or absorption and the elastic parameter are also considered. The transformed coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations describing trite problem are solved numerically. A parametric study is performed to illustrate the influence of the radiation parameter F, the elastic parameter L, the magnetic parameter M and the heat generation (or absorption) parameter gamma on the velocity and temperature profiles and showed graphically. Numerical data, for the skin friction coefficient and the heat transfer have been tabulated for various parametric values.

Title: Visible light assisted reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol on ag/tio2 photocatalysts synthesized by hybrid templates
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)[ 1,2 ] ; Al-Sharif, MS (Al-Sharif, Merfat S.)[ 3 ]
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Silver nanoparticles were successfully assembled in self-organized polyhedral TiO2; synthesized by hybrid template consisting of pluronic-85, hexadecyltrimethylammoinm bromide and triethanol amine (TPHtAg(2)), as well as in platelets TiO2; synthesized only via hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (THAg2). X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy as well as N-2 sorptiometry were used for the characterization of phase composition, surface morphology, valent states of Ag/TiO2, optical and surface texturing properties. These nanomaterials were tested as catalysts for 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction in presence of aqueous NaBH4 under visible-light irradiation. The results showed that the THAg2 catalyst exhibited the best photocatalytic performance in the reduction of 4-NP into 4-aminophenol (4-AP) and revealed 98% conversion following 2 min irradiation with rate constant equal 0.025 s(-1). On the other hand, the TPHtAgS(2) catalyst, derived from using Ag2SO4 as a precursor instead of AgNO3, indicates a conversion comprised of 80% at similar reaction conditions. The superiority of the photocatalytic reduction of THAg2 was due to exposing Ag+ ions together with Ag-0 nanoparticles (5 nm) and to the photo-induced role of carbon atoms; formed as a result of the non-complete decomposition of the template, and its synergistic effect with the anatase phase. On the contrary, TPHtAg(2) showed strong chemical interaction of Ag+ ions within the hybrid templates and as a result inhibits the reduction of Ag+ ion as well as the adsorption of 4-NP and eventually indicates no activity. The decreased activity and stability of TPHtAgS(2) compared with THAg2 was due to increasing the particles size of Ag-0 (10 nm), diminishing the accessibility and reactivity of Ag+ ions; which could have been worked as trapping sites with Ag-0, and the limited effect of residual S2- ions, depicted from XPS measurements. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Photo-degradation of acid green dye over co-zsm-5 catalysts prepared by incipient wetness impregnation technique
Authors: El-Bahy, ZM (El-Bahy, Zeinhom M.)[ 1 ] ; Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed M.)[ 2 ] ; Zidan, FI (Zidan, Farouk I.)[ 1 ] ; Thabet, MS (Thabet, Mohamed S.)[ 1 ]
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Co-ZSM-5 catalysts with different Co-loadings (2-30wt.%) were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method. The prepared solid catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FTIR, in situ FTIR of pyridine adsorption and surface area measurements. The XRD data presented disintegration in the zeolitic crystalline structure accompanied by an increase in particle size of the prepared solids. New phases, Co3O4 and Co2SiO4, were detected with increasing the Co-loading, which indicate the strong interaction of cobalt ions with the ZSM-5 zeolite. FTIR study proved the presence of Co ions in stabilized sites inside the ZSM-5 framework. The in situ FTIR of adsorbed pyridine determined the type and relative strength of acidity on the surface of the prepared solids. The acidity switched from B-acid sites to L-acid sites with impregnation of cobalt ions in ZSM-5 zeolite. The acidity decreased with increasing Co-loading, which might be due to the destruction of zeolite framework and presence of new phases such as cobalt silicate and cobalt oxide on the surface. The surface texture characteristics changed with the promotion of ZSM-5 by cobalt ions, since a decrease of surface area, mean pore radius and pore volume was observed. The assessment of the catalytic activity was performed by the use of the photo-degradation of acid green (AG) dye as a probe reaction in presence of H2O2 as an oxidant. The pH value controlled the degradation rate since a gradual increase of AG degradation rate was observed with increasing pH-value and the optimum H2O2 concentration was 61.6 mmol/l. It was found that, the AG degradation rate increased until an optimum value of Co-loading (ca. 10 wt.%), beyond which a monotonic decrease of reaction rate was recognized. The experimental data pointed to the importance of both the cobalt moieties and the zeolite framework structure in the AG degradation reaction. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Copper (ii) phthalocyanines immobilized on alumina and encapsulated inside zeolite-x and their applications in photocatalytic degradation of cyanide: a comparative study
Authors: Mohamed, RM (Mohamed, R. M.)[ 1 ] ; Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)[ 2 ]
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Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) complexes either deposited on alumina (CuPc/Al); synthesized by sol-gel, or encapsulated inside zeolite-X (CuPc/ZX) while in situ synthesis were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), DSC, FT-IR, diffuse reflectance UV-vis, dynamic light scattering and N(2) adsorption techniques. These materials were tested for photocatalytic oxidation of cyanide in comparison with ZX and CuPc free complex. Unlike the case on Al, CuPc was accommodated inside ZX, as confirmed from lattice parameter increment (from 25.101 of ZX to 25.250 angstrom of CuPc/ZX) and decreasing both S(BET) and pore volume (705 m(2)/g, 0.550 cm(3)/g) as compared to the neat zeolite (837 m(2)/g, 0.684 cm(3)/ g). Bending modes vibrations of delta C-H showed bands at 1041 and 970 cm(-1) for CuPc/Al where CuPc/ZX did not, suggesting that these bonds are formed while CuPc vibrating on the former. Contrarily, they are restricted in the latter proposing accommodation of the complex inside zeolite cages as emphasized from AS values that showed marked decrease in disorderness (-29 J/mol K) compared with CuPc (- 13 J/mol K). In accordance, Q band revealed a red shift from 614 to 632 nm. A very strong photo-oxidation capability of oxidizing CN(-) was exhibited for the encapsulated complex (CuPc/ZX; 100% removal in 1 h; rate constant = 0. 1 min(-1)) comprehending the importance of electron transfer reactions within ZX to external surfaces, and the zeolite framework that seems participating efficiently in the electron transfer process. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Reactivity of dealuminated kaolin and burnt kaolin using cement kiln dust or hydrated lime as activators
Authors: Abo-El-Enein, SA (Abo-El-Enein, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 2 ] ; Amin, MS (Amin, M. S.)[ 1 ] ; Negm, HH (Negm, H. H.)[ 1 ]
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Pozzolanic activity of dealuminated kaolin (DK) and burnt kaolinite clay (BK) was studied using cement kiln dust (CKD) or hydrated lime (CH) as activators. The different solid dry mixtures made of DK-CKD, BK-CKD, DK-CH, BK-CH, SF-CKD and SF-CH were hydrated in the suspension form, while paste hydration was done using DK-BK-CKD mix. Chemically combined water and free lime contents were determined at various ages of hydration and the hydrated samples were characterized using DSC, XRD and FTIR techniques. Combined water contents of the blends containing DK activated with CKD or CH are higher than those of mixes containing BK and SF activated with CKD or CH. Evidently, the suspensions containing DK possess relatively lower values of free lime contents than those of mixes containing BK and SF; this is due to the higher pozzolanic activity of DK as compared to BK and SF. The results of DSC and XRD analysis of suspension hydrated samples indicated the formation and later stabilization of calcium silicates hydrates (CSH) and calcium aluminosilicate hydrates (C(3)ASH(4) and C(2)ASH(8)) as the main hydration products in addition to free calcium hydroxide (CH), which is completely consumed at 12 h for mixes containing DK. Compressive strength and SEM examination were done for paste hydrated specimens made of mix IV (35% DK, 35% BK and 30% CKD) as an application. The microstructure of the hardened paste after 7 days of hydration displayed the formation of nearly amorphous and microcrystalline CSH products as well as rod-like crystals of ettringite with a partial filling of the available pore spaces of the hardened paste. On prolonged hydration the microstructure displayed crumpled foils and dense structure of tobermorite-like CSH as the main hydration product which deposited in the originally water-filled space; this kind of CSH product is mainly formed as a result of interaction of active DK and BK with CH of CKD. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Homotopy perturbation method for multi-dimensional nonlinear coupled system of parabolic and hyperbolic equations
Authors: Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, Nasser H.)[ 1 ] ; Khader, MM (Khader, Mohamed M.)[ 2 ] ; Al-Bar, RF (Al-Bar, Rabab F.)
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In this paper, the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) proposed by J. H. He is adopted for solving multi-dimensional nonlinear coupled system of parabolic and hyperbolic equations. The numerical results of the present method are compared with the exact solution of an artificial multi-dimensional nonlinear coupled system of parabolic and hyperbolic model to show the efficiency of the method. Moreover, comparison is made between the results obtained by the present method and that obtained by the Adomian decomposition method (ADM). It is found that the present method works extremely well, very efficient, simple and convenient.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of nano-crystalline zn-substituted mg-ni-fe-cr ferrites via surfactant-assisted route
Authors: Bayoumy, WAA (Bayoumy, W. A. A.)
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Nano-crystalline ferrites of Mg0.8-xZnxNi0.2FeCrO4 with stoichiometric proportion (x) lying between 0.0 and 0.8 were synthesized by sol-gel template using cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactants. The resultant powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating scanning magnetometry (VSM). XRD indicated the formation of polycrystalline single-phase cubic spinels with average crystallite sizes in the range of 10-15 nm. The structural data, as a function with Zn-content, has been explained on the basis of the entire cation distribution. Magnetic hysteresis loops showed very narrow hysteresis curves, which infer that the prepared powders are superparamagnetic. The smaller magnetization values obtained for all the samples can be attributed to larger surface-to-volume ratio and the spin canting on their surface. The effect of surfactant type, Zn-substitution and the presence of Cr3+ ions on the structural and magnetic properties of the investigated system was estimated and discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Impact of delayed addition time of snf condensate on the fire resistance and durability of src-sf composite cement pastes
Authors: El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 1 ] ; Aiad, I (Aiad, I.)[ 2 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 3,4 ] ; Al-Masry, S (Al-Masry, S.)[ 1 ]
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This work aimed to investigate the impact of delayed addition time (DAT) of sulphonated naphthalene formaldehyde (SNF) superplasticizer on the durability and fire resistance of SRC-SF composite cement pastes immersed in both 4% MgCl2 or 4% MgSO4 solutions as well as at elevated temperatures up to 800 degrees C, respectively. The results indicate that, the compressive strength and bulk density of cement paste increase with DAT at 7.5 min up to 90 days in tap water. The cement pastes admixed with 1.0 mass% of SNF condensate at delayed addition time 7.5 min, which cured in both 4% MgCl2 or 4% MgSO4 for 1 year or thermally treated up to 800 degrees C, has the highest durability and fire resistance. This is mainly due to that, the presence of superplasticizer with delayed addition process of mixing, reduces the water demand for standard consistency, decreases the total porosity, and increases the bulk density and consequently the compressive strength of cement pastes. These factors work together to modify the microstructure producing homogeneous compact closed structure. Total sulphate and chloride contents decrease with SNF content and DAT, due to decrease the accessibility of SO42- and Cl- to penetration into the pore system to form ettringite and chloroaluminate hydrate which expands and softens the cement paste matrix at later ages. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Preliminary results of cone z-pinch device with 5 kj
Authors: Abdel-Kader, ME (Abdel-kader, M. E.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Halim, MAA (Al-Halim, M. A. Abd)[ 2 ] ; Shagar, AM (Shagar, A. M.)[ 1 ] ; Eltayeb, HA (Eltayeb, H. A.)[ 1 ] ; Algamal, HA (Algamal, H. A.)[ 1 ] ; Saudy, AH (Saudy, A. H.)[ 3 ]
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The Cone Z-Pinch Experiment with 5 kJ is designed, constructed and operated. The electric discharge takes place between an upper ring electrode and a lower pin electrode creating plasma sheath in shape of cone. The preliminary experimental results using Helium gas in discharge show that the discharge period is 35 mu s, the total system inductance is 287 nH, and the total system resistance is 15 m Omega. The breakdown curve shows a minimum breakdown value at 0.2 torr pressure. The cone plasma is confined by electromagnetic force and plasma inductance has its maximum value at the pinch. The plasma current has a maximum value of 53 kA at the axis of the discharge tube. The experimental results showed that a time of 2.1 mu s at least is required for the pinch to occur and that both the pinch time and the duration time decrease with increasing the charging voltage.

Title: The use of generalized laguerre polynomials in spectral methods for solving fractional delay differential equations
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1,2 ]
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In this paper, an efficient numerical method for solving the fractional delay differential equations (FDDEs) is considered. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. The proposed method is based on the derived approximate formula of the Laguerre polynomials. The properties of Laguerre polynomials are utilized to reduce FDDEs to a linear or nonlinear system of algebraic equations. Special attention is given to study the error and the convergence analysis of the proposed method. Several numerical examples are provided to confirm that the proposed method is in excellent agreement with the exact solution.

Title: Geothermal power potential at the western coastal part of saudi arabia
Authors: Hussein, MT (Hussein, Mohamed T.)[ 1,3 ] ; Lashin, A (Lashin, Aref)[ 1,2 ] ; Al Bassam, A (Al Bassam, Abdulaziz)[ 1,3 ] ; Al Arifi, N (Al Arifi, Nassir)[ 1 ] ; Al Zahrani, I (Al Zahrani, Ibrahim)[ 4 ]
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Saudi Arabia is enriched by many geothermal resources that are located along the western coastal part of the Red Sea, in the form of a number of hot springs and many volcanic eruptions. Wadi Al-Lith is considered one of the most promising geothermal targets that encounter many hot springs with a good surface temperature upto 95 degrees C. This paper aims mainly to evaluate the geothermal potential of the main hot spring at Wadi Al-Lith area (Ain Al Harrah). The available remote sensing images are analyzed and a number of 2D electric resistivity profiles are interpreted to delineate the surface geological lineaments and the subsurface structural elements that control the movement of the thermal water. It is found that the main surface lineaments are structurally oriented along NNE-SSW and NE-SW directions with a frequency percentage of 52% and an average lineament length of 835 m. Furthermore the subsurface structural elements, as inferred from the interpretation of the geophysical 2D electric profiles, have assumed the same directions beside the NW-SE direction. The characteristics of thermal water of the hot spring are indicated through analyzing the major and minor elements of some collected water samples. Geo-thermometers are applied to estimate, subsurface temperature, heat flow and discharge enthalpy. These parameters are found to be 136 degrees C, 183 mW/M-2 and 219 kJ/kg, respectively. An estimate of the geothermal reserve using the volumetric method, gave total stored heat energy of 1.713 x 10(17) J (rock and fluid) and a geothermal reserve potential of 26.99 MWt. It appears from our research that the estimated energy is quite enough for operating a medium scale power plant that utilizes low boiling point fluid (Kalina Cycle) for limited electricity production, beside other low-temperature applications (district heating, green houses and medical therapy). (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Nonsingular rainbow universes
Authors: Awad, A (Awad, Adel)[ 1,2,5 ] ; Ali, AF (Ali, Ahmed Farag)[ 1,3 ] ; Majumder, B (Majumder, Barun)[ 4 ]
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In this work, we study FRW cosmologies in the context of gravity rainbow. We discuss the general conditions for having a nonsingular FRW cosmology in gravity rainbow. We propose that gravity rainbow functions can be fixed using two known modified dispersion relation (MDR), which have been proposed in literature. The first MDR was introduced by Amelino-Camelia, et el. in and the second was introduced by Magueijo and Smolin in [24] Studying these FRW-like cosmologies, after fixing the gravity rainbow functions, leads to nonsingular solutions which can be expressed in exact forms.

Title: Effect of chlorfluazuron and pyriproxyfen on the antennal morphology, pheromone production and response of surviving adults of tribolium castaneum treated at the lc50 level during the pupal stage
Authors: Bakr, RFA (Bakr, Reda F. A.)[ 1,3 ] ; El-Monairy, OM (El-Monairy, Olfat M.)[ 2 ] ; El-Barky, NM (El-Barky, Nehad M.)[ 2 ] ; El-Shourbagy, NMB (El-Shourbagy, Nancy M. B.)[ 2 ]
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Initial experiments were carried out to determine the dosage mortality response of the rust-red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum to two insect growth regulators, the chitin synthesis inhibitor chlorfluazuron and the juvenile hormone analogue pyriproxyfen. The response was measured as the proportion of adults developing from individuals treated during the pupal stage. For males, at the LC50 level, chlorfluazuron was more toxic than pyriproxyfen with LC50 values of 10.6 and 12.6 ppm respectively. For females, pyriproxyfen was more potent than chlorfluazuron with LC50 values of 7.1 and 8.3 ppm. Subsequent experiments were carried out using adults that had survived after treatment at the LC50 level during the pupal stage. Both responses to pheromone and the production of pheromone, by adults of both sexes that had been treated during the pupal stages with pyriproxyfen, were significantly more affected than those treated with chlorfluazuron. Both treatments caused abnormalities in the antennae of adults of both sexes. Published by Elsevier Ltd

Title: Peristaltically induced flow due to a surface acoustic wavy moving wall
Authors: Mekheimer, KS (Mekheimer, Kh. S.)[ 1,2 ] ; Salem, AM (Salem, A. M.)[ 3 ] ; Zaher, AZ (Zaher, A. Z.)[ 4 ]
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Peristaltic flow induced by a sinusoidal wave in a moving wall of a two-dimensional viscous fluid for moderately large Reynolds number is investigated. The boundary layer theory has been considered to be where its thickness is larger than the amplitude of the wavy wall. Solutions are obtained in terms of a series expansion with respect to a small amplitude ratio using a regular perturbation method. Velocity components, for both outer and inner flows for various values of the Reynolds number and wall velocity are represented graphically. The inner and outer velocity solutions are matched by a matching process. Certain interesting results regarding the axial and the transverse velocity components are discussed. This problem is regarded as an interesting application to mechanical engineering, where the possibility of fluid transportation without an external pressure is shown.

Title: Demulsification efficiency of some new stearate esters of ethoxylated and propoxylated 1,8-diamino-octane for water in crude oil emulsions
Authors: Al-Sabagh, AM (Al-Sabagh, Ahmed M.)[ 1 ] ; Nasser, NM (Nasser, Notaila M.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sukkary, MMA (El-Sukkary, M. M. A.)[ 2 ] ; Eissa, AMF (Eissa, A. M. F.)[ 3 ] ; Abd El-Hamid, TM (Abd El-Hamid, Tahany M.)[ 1 ]
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In this work, eight demulsifiers were prepared from 1,8-diamino-octane (DAO). The DAO was ethoxylated or propoxylated up to 100 ethylene or propylene oxide units respectively. These alkoxylated products were esterified to mono, di, tri, and tetra stearate. The chemical structure was confirmed by FTIR and nitrogen content. The surface active parameters of these surfactants were investigated on the basis of the surface tension measurements at 25 degrees C and 60 degrees C. These surfactants were tested as emulsion breakers (demulsifiers) against waxy crude oil emulsion (Water content (BSW)=18%). From the obtained data, it was found that the prepared materials have surface active properties let them act as good demulsifiers. The maximum demulsification efficiency (100%) was obtained by DAOE(100)-1 at 400ppm([30min]), the mixture of (DAOE(100)-1+DAOP(100)-2) in ratio [3:1] at 400ppm and (DAOE(100)-2+DAOP(100)-1) in ratio [1:3] at 400ppm at temperature 60 degrees C the time taken for complete water separation was 15 and 9 minutes. for these mixtures, respectively. The flow properties of the emulsion with and without the demulsifier were investigated. The obtained results showed that the demulsifiers used enhance the dynamic viscosity and yield value ((B)). The viscosity was reduced from 10.5 for the untreated crude oil to 3.58 for the treated crude oil at concentration 100ppm and a temperature of 60 degrees C, meanwhile the (B) was reduced from 0.054 for crude oil to 0.013 for the treated sample at the same condition.

Title: Surface active and thermodynamic properties in relation to the demulsification efficiency for some ethoxylated derivatives of alkyldiamines and polyalkylenepolyamines
Authors: Al-Sabagh, AM (Al-Sabagh, A. M.)[ 1 ] ; Nasser, NM (Nasser, N. M.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sukkary, MM (El-Sukkary, M. M.)[ 2 ] ; Eissa, AMF (Eissa, A. M. F.)[ 3 ] ; Kabel, KI (Kabel, Khalid I.)[ 1 ] ; Abd El-Hamid, TM (Abd El-Hamid, Tahany Mahmoud)[ 1 ]
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In this work, nine monostearic esters of ethoxylated dialkyle-amine (group I) and ethoxylated polyalkylenepolyamine (group II) nonionic surfactants were prepared and characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and nitrogen content. The 1,4-diaminobutane (DAB), 1,6 diamino hexane (DAH), 1,8-diamino-octane (DAO), diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA), and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) were ethoxylated at 50, 100, 150 ethylene oxide units individually. The ethoxylated products of (group I) reacted with stearic acid to give the monostearate products. The surface tension of the prepared compounds were measured at 25 degrees C and 60 degrees C. The thermodynamic parameters of micellization and adsorption were also calculated. The surface active properties, such as critical micelle concentration (CMC), maximum surface excess concentration ((max)), effectiveness of surface tension reduction ((cmc)), and minimum area per molecule at the aqueous solution-air interface (A(min)), have been calculated. The surface active and thermodynamic properties of the prepared compounds were correlated to their chemical structure. It was found that CMC decreases when increasing the molecular weight of polyethylene oxide units. Furthermore, the data show that the synthesized surfactants favor adsorption than micellization, so that they can be used as demulsifiers for waxy crude oil emulsion (BSW 18%). In this respect, the demulsification test was carried out and the results of demulsification efficiency were correlated to the chemical composition of the investigated compounds. Some factors that affect the demulsification efficiency were also considered such HLB, concentration and time. The maximum demulsification efficiency (100%) was obtained by DAOE(150-M) and TEPAE(150) at 60 and 45 minutes (300ppm), respectively.

Title: One-pot solvothermal synthesis of novel cobalt salicylaldimine-urea complexes: a new approach to co3o4 nanoparticles
Authors: Nassar, MY (Nassar, M. Y.)[ 1 ] ; Mohamed, TY (Mohamed, T. Y.)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, I. S.)[ 1 ]
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Three novel Cobalt salicylaldimine-urea complexes {[CoxLy(H2O)(n)]Cl-z; where, L = 1,3-bis(salicylaldehydimine)urea Schiff base; x, y = 1 or 2; n = 2 or 8; z = 0 or 2} were synthesized by one-pot solvothermal treatment of methanolic solutions of urea, salicylaldehyde, and cobalt chloride at 120 degrees C for 3 h. Subsequently, normal spinel-type Co3O4 nanoparticles, with an average crystallite size in the range 22-38 nm, were easily produced via thermal decomposition of the synthesized complexes at 400 degrees C for 2 h. The synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis (TG-DTA/DTG), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and El mass spectroscopy. Investigation of the optical properties of the produced cobalt oxide, using UV-Vis spectroscopy, confirmed its semiconducting properties by revealing two optical band gabs in the range of 1.42-1.50 and 1.83-1.95 eV. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Organic-inorganic composite polymer electrolyte based on peo-liclo4 and nano-al2o3 filler for lithium polymer batteries: dielectric and transport properties
Authors: Masoud, EM (Masoud, Emad M.)[ 1 ] ; El-Bellihi, AA (El-Bellihi, A-A)[ 1 ] ; Bayoumy, WA (Bayoumy, W. A.)[ 1 ] ; Mousa, MA (Mousa, M. A.)[ 1 ]
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Nano-Al2O3 with an average size of 42 nm was prepared by pyrolysis method. PEO-LiClO4 based composite polymer electrolyte was prepared using solution cast technique. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infra red (FT-IR) techniques. Effect of nano-Al2O3 ceramic filler concentration on the composite structure and its electrical properties (DC-conductivity, AC-conductivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss and impedance) at a frequency and temperature ranges of 0-10(5) Hz and 293-323 K, respectively was studied. Melting temperature (T-m) of PEO decreased with addition of both LiClO4 salt and nano-Al2O3 filler due to increasing the amorphous state of polymer. All composite samples showed an ionic conductivity with the highest value for the sample containing 1.25 mol of nano-Al2O3. All results are correlated and discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Interaction of o-2 and n-2 molecules with au deposited on regular and defective cao (001) surfaces: density functional calculations
Authors: Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abdel)[ 1 ] ; Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)[ 2 ]
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The adsorption of O-2 and N-2 on gold atoms deposited at regular O2- site and neutral oxygen vacancy (Fs site) that is the most reactive sites of the CaO (001) surface, has been studied by means of the density functional theory calculations and embedded cluster model. Two different orientations, perpendicular and parallel, for the O-2 and N-2 molecules approaching the surface have been considered. Fundamental aspects such as adsorption energy, natural bond orbital, charge transfer, band gaps, the spin densities, the densities of states, total charge-density contours, pairwise and non-pairwise additivity are elucidated to analyze the adsorption properties of O-2 and N-2. It is observed that the adsorption of O-2 is stronger at the Au atom that is supported on the Fs site than on the anionic site. Therefore, the presence of supported Au particle strongly stabilizes the adsorption of O-2. The molecular bonding mechanism to these complexes involves charge transfer to the oxygen moleculewith a concomitant activation of the O-O bond to a superoxo-like state. On the contrary, Au deposited at CaO(O2-) and CaO(F-s) sites does not exhibit any tendency to bind N2. The charge transfer between Au atom and N-2 molecule is not significant in these adsorption systems. The binding of O-2 precursor is mostly dominated by the metal E-(i)(Au-O2) pairwise additive contributions, and the role of the CaO is not restricted to supporting the metal. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Metal-enhanced fluorescence of mixed coumarin dyes by silver and gold nanoparticles: towards plasmonic thin-film luminescent solar concentrator
Authors: El-Bashir, SM (El-Bashir, S. M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Barakat, FM (Barakat, F. M.)[ 1 ] ; AlSalhi, MS (AlSalhi, M. S.)[ 1 ]
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Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposite films doped with mixed coumarin dyestuffs and noble metal nanoparticles (60 nm silver and 100 nm gold) were prepared by spin coating technique. The effect of silver and gold nanoparticles on the film properties was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements. DSC measurements indicated the increase of the glass transition temperature of the films by increasing nanogold concentration, recommending their promising thermal stability towards hot climates. It was found that the fluorescence signals of the mixed coumarin dyes were amplified by 5.4 and 7.15 folds as a result of metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF). The research outcomes offered a potential application of these films in solar energy conversion by plasmonic thin film luminescent solar concentrator (PTLSC). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: The effect of non ionic surfactants containing triazole, thiadiazole and oxadiazole as inhibitors of the corrosion of carbon steel in 1m hydrochloric acid
Authors: Sobhi, M (Sobhi, M.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sayed, R (El-Sayed, R.)[ 2 ] ; Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1,2 ]
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In the present investigation novel nonionic surfactants were synthesized, characterized and tested as inhibitors of the corrosion of carbon steel in 1M HCl solution. The inhibition action of these surfactants was studied by weight loss, galvanostatic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The adsorption of the inhibitors was well described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the adsorption isotherm parameters were determined at different temperatures. The inhibition efficiency was found to rise when increasing the concentration of these compounds and decreasing the temperature. The effect of temperature on the inhibition efficiency of the corrosion process was studied and the values of some activated thermodynamic parameters were calculated to elaborate the mechanism of inhibition. The synthesized nonionic surfactants exhibit good surface and antimicrobial properties.

Title: Characterization and photo-chemical applications of nano-zno prepared by wet chemical and thermal decomposition methods
Authors: Mousa, MA (Mousa, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Bayoumy, WAA (Bayoumy, W. A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Khairy, M (Khairy, M.)[ 1 ]
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Nano-crystalline ZnO particles were synthesized using two different routes: soft-wet and dry methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to identify the particles structures and morphologies, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used for verifying the particles crystal structure. The thermal stabilities of the particles were examined through thermal gravimetric analysis technique and their surface areas were calculated using BET method. Moreover, the photocatalytic activities were evaluated using UV-vis spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) characterization. The results showed that all the prepared ZnO samples possess a hexagonal wurtzite structure with high purity. Different particle sizes and morphologies of spheres, rods and wires were obtained depending on the preparation method used. Particle sizes obtained by the dry method are smaller than that found by the wet chemical method. The effects of both particle size and morphology on each of surface as well as optical properties, photocatalytic activity, dye/ZnO solar cell efficiency and biological activity have been studied and discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of delayed addition time of synthesized sspf condensate on the durability of sulphate resisting cement pastes incorporating micro-silica
Authors: Aiad, I (Aiad, I.)[ 1 ] ; El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 2 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 3,4 ] ; Al-Masry, S (Al-Masry, S.)[ 2 ]
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The work aimed to evaluate the effect of delayed addition time of SSFP condensate on the physico-mechanical characteristics and durability of 10% micro-silica (MS)-sulphate resisting (SRC) cement pastes immersed in 4% MgCl2 or 4% MgSO4 solutions or at elevated temperatures up to 800 degrees C. The results show that the compressive strength and bulk density increase, whereas, the total porosity decreases with 1.5% SSPF at 10 min delayed addition time (optimum mix) up to 90 days. The compressive strength of thermally treatment cement pastes with 1.5% SSFP increases up to 450 degrees C, then decreases up to 800 degrees C. Presence of 1.5% SSFP with 10 min delayed addition time work together to produce a compact cementing structure, which decreases the accessibility of the penetration of chloride as well as sulphate ion penetration and enhances the durability, hence the total chloride and sulphate contents diminished. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: New homotopy analysis transform method for solving the discontinued problems arising in nanotechnology
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Kumar, S (Kumar, Sunil)[ 3 ] ; Abbasbandy, S (Abbasbandy, S.)[ 4 ]
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We present a new reliable analytical study for solving the discontinued problems arising in nanotechnology. Such problems are presented as nonlinear differential-difference equations. The proposed method is based on the Laplace transform with the homotopy analysis method (HAM). This method is a powerful tool for solving a large amount of problems. This technique provides a series of functions which may converge to the exact solution of the problem. A good agreement between the obtained solution and some well-known results is obtained.

Title: A note on "sur le noyau de l'operateur de courbure d'une variete finslerienne" [c. r. acad. sci. paris, ser. a 272 (1971) 807-810]
Authors: Youssef, NL (Youssef, Nabil L.)[ 1 ] ; Elgendi, SG (Elgendi, Salah G.)[ 2 ]
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In this note, adopting the pullback formalism of global Finsler geometry, we show by a counterexample that the kernel Ker(R) of the h-curvature R of the Cartan connection and the associated nullity distribution N-R do not coincide, contrary to a result of Akbar-Zadeh (given in the article that appears in the title). We also give sufficient conditions for KerR and N-R to coincide. (C) 2013 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Title: Growth of a vapour bubble in a superheated liquid of variable surface tension and viscosity between two-phase flow
Authors: Mohammadein, SA (Mohammadein, S. A.)[ 1 ] ; Mohamed, KG (Mohamed, K. G.)[ 2 ]
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The growth of a vapour bubble in a superheated liquid of variable surface tension and viscosity between two finite boundaries is introduced. The problem is solved analytically using the modified method of Plesset and Zwick method. The pressure difference is described in terms of temperature difference and initial pressure difference. The surface tension, viscosity, and initial and final time of bubble growth are derived in terms of some physical parameters. The growth of bubble radius is proportional to the thermal diffusivity, the initial pressure difference and its coefficient. On contrary the growth is inversely proportional to the initial void fraction and the density ratio. Moreover, better agreements with some experimental data are achieved rather than some of previous theoretical efforts.

Title: Effect of zn-substitution on the structural and magnetic properties of mn-zn ferrites synthesized from spent zn-c batteries
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Luhaibi, RS (Al-Luhaibi, R. S.)[ 1 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ]
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The present study aimed at the production of manganese-zinc ferrites through the recycling process of spent Zn-C batteries. Firstly, the spent Zn-C batteries were dismantled, crushed and leached in nitric acid and the composition of the acid solution was analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Secondly, stoichimetric amounts of metal nitrates were used to adjust the metallic concentration and prepare respective Mn1-xZnxFe2O4 ferrites (x=0.20.8) through the urea auto-combustion method. The obtained ferrites were examined by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared for crystalline phase identification, transmission electron microscopy for particle size and morphology and vibrating sample magnetometer for magnetic properties. The obtained structural and magnetic properties such as lattice parameter, infrared band positions saturation magnetization and coercivity were used to estimate the proper cation distribution of the system. The magnetic measurements showed that the change in the values of saturation magnetization with increasing Zn-content can be described according to the cation distribution while, that in the coercivity values can be explained on the basis of the magneto-crystalline anisotropy. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Geochemistry and mineral chemistry of lode gold mineralisation, se egypt: implications for ore genesis and exploration
Authors: Zoheir, BA (Zoheir, Basem A.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Fattah, MG (Abdel-Fattah, Mohamed G.)[ 2 ] ; ElAlfy, SM (ElAlfy, Sameh M.)[ 2 ]
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Orogenic, lode gold mineralisation in the South Eastern Desert of Egypt is related to quartz veins spatially and temporally associated with conjugate NW- and NE-trending brittle-ductile shear zones. These structures are assumed to be linked to a regional transpression deformation which occurred late in the tectonic evolution of the area. In the Betam deposit, gold is confined to quartz(+/- carbonate) veins cutting through tectonised metagabbro and metasedimentary rocks in the vicinity of small granite intrusions. The ore bodies contain ubiquitous pyrite and arsenopyrite, in addition to minor disseminated chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, galena, tetrahedrite and rare gold/electrum. New ore microscopy and electron microprobe studies indicate that most free-milling Au is intimately associated with the late-paragenetic galena-tetrahedrite-chalcopyrite assemblage. An early Fe-As sulphide assemblage, however, shows minor traces of refractory gold. New mineralogical and geochemical data are used to better constrain on possible element dispersions for exploration uses. This study indicates that parameters that most consistently define primary dispersion of gold in the mine area include pervasive silicification, sericite and carbonate alteration. The trace element data of gold lodes reflect a systematic dispersion of gold and certain base metals. Low-cost, extensive exploration programs may use elevated concentrations of Ag, Sb, Cu and Pb as tracers for Au ore zones in the Betam mine area and surroundings.

Title: Effect of vanadium pentoxide on the electrical, dielectric, and optical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/vanadium pentoxide nanocomposites
Authors: Shash, N (Shash, Nabil)
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In this study, the effect of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) on the electrical, dielectric, and optical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/V2O5 nanocomposites was examined. The PVA/V2O5 nanocomposites were prepared by solution mixing, followed by film casting. The as-prepared films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, as well as impedance spectroscopy. The obtained results indicated that, with increasing V2O5 content, the PVA composite exhibits considerable vestige of crystallization and the PVA peaks become broader. The electrical conductivity, sigma (dc), increases as the temperature and the dopant level of V2O5 increase. The frequency dependence of alternating current conductivity was governed by a critical frequency, omega (p). The values of omega (p) are found to be thermally activated. The loss tangent (tan delta) shows a peak with the frequency, which indicates a dielectric relaxation in these composites with relaxation time decreases with both temperature and V2O5 content increase. Optical absorption edge and direct and indirect energies for all mentioned samples were determined and discussed.

Title: A new evaluation of seismic hazard for the northwestern part of saudi arabia
Authors: Al-Arifi, NS (Al-Arifi, Nassir S.)[ 1 ] ; Fat-Helbary, RE (Fat-Helbary, R. E.)[ 2 ] ; Khalil, AR (Khalil, Ahmad R.)[ 3 ] ; Lashin, AA (Lashin, Aref A.)[ 4,1 ]
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A new evaluation of seismic hazard in the northwestern part of Saudi Arabia area has been carried out, for the minimization and mitigation of earthquake losses. The study area controlled by a number of major regional tectonic features including the Red Sea, Gulf of Suez, and Gulf of Aqaba-Dead Sea fault system and a larger number of recorded earthquakes. A probabilistic seismic hazard analysis is performed within a logic-tree framework. The analysis started with an exhaustive revision of the seismic catalogues of the area and vicinity from which a catalogue has been declustered and homogenized at moment magnitude, M (w). According to the tectonic setting and spatial distribution of earthquakes in area and vicinity, twelve seismic zones are defined. The seismic hazard parameters, namely the b-parameter (of the Gutenberg-Richter relation), M (max) (the upper-bound magnitude), and, lambda (the annual rate of occurrence of earthquakes with minimum magnitude M (min) a parts per thousand yen 3), are calculated for each seismic zone. The ground-motion prediction models have been selected according to the tectonic regime associated with the earthquakes in each source zone. The results are displayed in the form of contour maps of peak ground acceleration and five ground-motion spectral periods for a return period of 475 years. The maximum peak ground acceleration values are found around the Gulf of Aqaba and it is 325 gal for 475-year return period (equivalent to 90 % probability of non-exceedance in 50 years), while the lowest values in the eastern region is 75 gal. This is the first study developed at the northwestern part of Saudi Arabia in terms of peak ground acceleration and different spectral acceleration-SA (T). As a result, the new generation of maps will be useful in the revision of seismic codes of the area.

Title: Effect of heat treatment process with a new cooling medium (nanofluid) on the mechanical properties of an unsteady continuous moving cylinder
Authors: Elbashbeshy, EMA (Elbashbeshy, E. M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Emam, TG (Emam, T. G.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-wahed, MS (Abdel-wahed, M. S.)[ 2 ]
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The effect of heat treatment process with a new cooling medium (nanofluid), which contains water with Cu, Ag, or Al2O3 particles, on the heat transfer characteristics and mechanical properties of an unsteady continuous moving cylinder in the presence of suction and external forces is studied. The governing time-dependent boundary-layer equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation. These equations are solved numerically. The velocity and temperature profiles of the boundary layer for different parameter values are plotted and discussed in detail. The effect of the cooling medium and the external forces on the mechanical properties of the cylinder is investigated. According to the obtained results, using nanofuid as a cooling medium improves the hardness and strength of the surface by 10% to 40%, and using Al2O3 as nanoparticle in water-based fluid is effective. Results also show that unsteady motion has a direct effect on the mechanical properties of the surface.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of iron in environmental and food samples using solid phase extraction
Authors: Kassem, MA (Kassem, Mohammed A.)[ 1 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ]
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A simple, selective and highly sensitive extraction method has been developed for the determination of iron(II) spectrophotometrically after solid phase extraction. The absorbance is measured at Amax 644 nm. Beer's law was obeyed up to 450 ng mL-1 of iron. The molar absorptivity, Sandell's sensitivity, detection and quantification limits were calculated and found to be 1.09 x 10(5) L mol(-1) cm(-1), 0.51 ng cm(-2), 1.98 and 6.0 ng m1(-1), respectively and compared with parameters obtained without using solid phase extraction method. After reduction of Fe(III) by addition of 2.0 mL of 10% hydroxylamine HCl, the system was applied to the total iron. The interference of various ions has been studied in detail and the statistical evaluation of the experimental results is reported. The proposed methods have been successfully applied for the determination of trace amount of iron in environment water, soil and botanical reference materials with recovery range (98.71-101.51%). (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of dietborne cu and cd on body indices of nile tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) with emphasis on protein pattern
Authors: El-Serafy, SS (El-Serafy, Sabry S.)[ 1 ] ; Zowail, ME (Zowail, Mohamed E.)[ 1 ] ; Abdel-Hameid, NAH (Abdel-Hameid, Nassr-Allah H.)[ 1 ] ; Awwad, MH (Awwad, Mohamed H.)[ 1 ] ; Omar, EH (Omar, Ebtesam H.)[ 1 ]
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The dietborne Cu in minute concentrations are essential for vital functions in fish, whereas Cd is not essential for any vital activities. Fish diets may probably contaminated with some items as metals. Therefore, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is used to assess the toxic effects of contaminated diets with Cu, Cd or their mixture. It was recorded that, the condition factor (K), the hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) exhibited marked reduction for fish fed dietborne Cu, Cd, Cu+Cd. The total sarcoplasmic protein showed a mild reduction after 10 days of exposure to dietborne metals. It was increased markedly after 20, 30 days. Similarly, the total sarcoplasmic nitrogen content of O. niloticus was increased. The total plasma protein, albumin and globulin contents were increased due to high dietary Cu or Cd or Cu+Cd intake. Fish fed on Cu contaminated diet for 10 days, exhibited disappearance of last four sarcoplasmic protein fractions (sensitive proteins). Also, Cd contaminated diet for 10 days induced disappearance of sarcoplasmic protein 9th fractions. Feeding on Cu+Cd contaminated diet for 10 days, caused disappearance of the last sarcoplasmic protein fraction, bands number 7 and 8 were faintly appeared. In conclusion, the fish diet contaminated with Cu, Cd or their mixture induced deleterious effects of fish body indices as well as sarcoplasmic protein pattern. Thus, it could be mention that high dietborne intake of tested metals induced toxic effects of O. niloticus

Title: Improved initial discharge capacity of nanostructured ni-co spinel ferrite as anode material in lithium ion batteries
Authors: Masoud, EM (Masoud, Emad M.)
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Nanostructured nickel ferrite doped with cobalt is synthesized by co-precipitation method. The sample is characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infra Red and Transmission Electron Microscope. Specific surface area and porosity analysis are performed through Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The magnetic properties are also studied. Spinel cubic structure with nanopartides and porous surface is confirmed. The electrochemical properties of the nanostructured spinet are investigated including the cycling performance as anode material for lithium ion batteries. The results show that the sample has a high discharge capacity, especially the first five cycles, at current density of 2.43 mA/cm(2) compared to recent performances reported at low current density (0.2 mA/cm(2)) for pure and composite of nanonickel ferrite. All results and data are correlated and discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Facile synthesis of mononuclear early transition-metal complexes of kappa(3) cyclo-tetrametaphosphate ([p4o12](4-)) and cyclo-trimetaphosphate ([p3o9](3-))
Authors: Manna, CM (Manna, Cesar M.)[ 1 ] ; Nassar, MY (Nassar, Mostafa Y.)[ 1,2 ] ; Tofan, D (Tofan, Daniel)[ 1 ] ; Chakarawet, K (Chakarawet, Khetpakorn)[ 1 ] ; Cummins, CC (Cummins, Christopher C.)[ 1 ]
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We herein report the preparation of several mononuclear-metaphosphate complexes using simple techniques and mild conditions with yields ranging from 56% to 78%. Treatment of cyclo-tetrametaphosphate ([TBA](4)[P4O12]center dot 5H(2)O, TBA = tetra-n-butylammonium) with various metal sources including (CH3CN)(3)Mo(CO)(3), (CH3CN)(2)Mo(CO)(2)(eta(3)-C3H5)Cl, MoO2Cl2(OSMe2)(2), and VOF3, leads to the clean and rapid formation of [TBA](4)[(P4O12)Mo(CO)(3)]center dot 2H(2)O, [TBA](3)[(P4O12)Mo(CO)(2)(eta(3)-C3H5)], [TBA](3)[(P4O12)MoO2Cl] and [TBA](3)[(P4O12)VOF2]center dot Et2O salts in isolated yields of 69, 56, 68, and 56% respectively. NMR spectroscopy, NMR simulations and single crystal X-ray studies reveal that the [P4O12](4-) anion behaves as a tridentate ligand wherein one of the metaphosphate groups is not directly bound to the metal. cyclo-Trimetaphosphate-metal complexes were prepared using a similar procedure i.e., treatment of [PPN](3)[P3O9]center dot H2O (PPN = bis-(triphenylphosphine)iminium) with the metal sources (CH3CN)(2)Mo(CO)(2)(eta(3)-C3H5)Cl, MoO2Cl2(OSMe2)(2), MoOCl3, VOF3, WOCl4, and WO2Cl2(CH3CN)(2) to produce the corresponding salts, [PPN](2)[(P3O9)Mo(CO)(2)(eta(3)-C(3)H5)], [PPN](2)[(P3O9)MoO2Cl], [PPN](2)[(P3O9)MoOCl2], [PPN](2)[(P3O9)VOF2]center dot 2CH(2)Cl(2), and [PPN](2)[(P3O9)WO2Cl] in isolated yields of 78, 56, 75, 59, and 77% respectively. NMR spectroscopy, NMR simulations and single-crystal X-ray studies indicate that the trianionic ligand [P3O9](3-) in these complexes also has kappa(3) connectivity.

Title: Pyrrolizines: promising scaffolds for anticancer drugs
Authors: Belal, A (Belal, Amany)[ 1,2 ] ; El-Gendy, BEM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 3 ]
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Pyrrolizine derivatives constitute a class of heterocyclic compounds which can serve as promising scaffolds for anticancer drugs. The unique antitumor properties of mitomycin C inspired chemists to develop different pyrrolizine systems and assess their potential antitumor activities against a wide variety of cancer types. Here we review the different classes of pyrrolizines that possess anticancer potency, with an emphasis on their structure activity relationships, in an effort to pave the way for further development in this promising area of research. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Variable heat flux effect on magnetohydrodynamic flow and heat transfer over an unsteady stretching sheet in the presence of thermal radiation
Authors: Megahed, AM (Megahed, Ahmed M.)
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The unsteady laminar magnetohydrodynamic flow over an unsteady stretching sheet in the presence of thermal radiation and variable heat flux is investigated. The governing time-dependent boundary layer equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations containing a radiation parameter, space index parameter, time index parameter, Prandtl number, magnetic parameter, and unsteadiness parameter. These equations are solved numerically by applying the Chebyshev spectral method. The velocity profiles, temperature profiles, the skin friction coefficient, and the dimensionless surface temperature are computed and discussed in detail for various values of the different parameters. It is found that increasing the unsteadiness parameter leads to a fall for both the velocity and temperature distribution. Moreover, the temperature increases with the magnetic parameter, but the reverse is true for the velocity distribution. Likewise, the temperature decreases for increasing both values of space index parameter and time index parameter.

Title: An exact solution of boundary layer flow over a moving surface embedded into a nanofluid in the presence of magnetic field and suction/injection
Authors: Elbashbeshy, EMA (Elbashbeshy, E. M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Emam, TG (Emam, T. G.)[ 2 ] ; Abdel-wahed, MS (Abdel-wahed, M. S.)[ 3 ]
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The effects of magnetic field, suction/injection, nanoparticles type, and nanoparticle volume fraction on heat transfer characteristics and mechanical properties of a moving surface embedded into cooling medium consists of water with Cu, Ag or Al2O3 particles are studied. The governing boundary layer equations are transformed to ordinary differential equations containing, suction/injection parameter, magnetic parameter, nanoparticle and volume fraction. These equations are solved analytically. The velocity and temperature profiles within the boundary layer are plotted and discussed in details for various values of the different parameters.

Title: Spectrophotometric determination of gemifloxacin mesylate, moxifloxacin hydrochloride, and enrofloxacin in pharmaceutical formulations using acid dyes
Authors: Gouda, AA (Gouda, Ayman A.)[ 1 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 2 ] ; El-Sheikh, R (El-Sheikh, Ragaa)[ 1 ] ; Yousef, AG (Yousef, Amira G.)[ 1 ]
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Simple, rapid, and extractive spectrophotometric methods were developed for the determination of some fluoroquinolones antibiotics: gemifloxacin mesylate (GMF), moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MXF), and enrofloxacin (ENF) in pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations. These methods are based on the formation of ion-pair complexes between the basic drugs and acid dyes, namely, bromocresol green (BCG), bromocresol purple (BCP), bromophenol blue (BPB), bromothymol blue (BTB), and methyl orange (MO) in acidic buffer solutions. The formed complexes were extracted with chloroform and measured at 420, 408, 416, 415, and 422 nm for BCG, BCP, BPB, BTB, and MO, respectively, for GMF; at 410, 415, 416, and 420 nm for BCP, BTB, BPB, and MO, respectively, for MXF; and at 419 and 414 nm for BCG and BTB, respectively, in case of ENF. The analytical parameters and their effects are investigated. Beer's law was obeyed in the ranges 1.0-30, 1.0-20, and 2.0-24 mu g mL(-1) for GMF, MXF, and ENF, respectively. The proposed methods have been applied successfully for the analysis of the studied drugs in pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations. Statistical comparison of the results with the reference methods showed excellent agreement and indicated no significant difference in accuracy and precision.

Title: Magnetic dilution effect of nano-crystalline nife2o4 synthesized via sucrose-assisted combustion route
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Kosa, S (Kosa, S.)[ 1 ] ; El Muttairi, TS (El Muttairi, T. S.)[ 1 ]
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Sucrose assisted combustion route was utilized to synthesize nano-crystalline Cr-substituted nickel ferrites, NiFe2-xCrxO4 (x=0.0-1.0). The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques to investigate the effect of Cr-substitution on the structural and magnetic properties of the entire system. Single-phase formation was checked using XRD and a proper cation distribution was estimated depending on the related structural parameters. FT-IR absorption bands were found to be in the expected range, which fortifies the spinel formation. The change in the structural properties by the addition of Cr3+ ions was discussed from the view point of ionic radii of the entire ions. TEM revealed the agglomeration nature of the synthesized powders. The magnetic properties were strongly affected by Cr-substitution. The decrease in the saturation magnetization and coercivity with increasing Cr-content was attributed to magnetic moments and magneto-crystalline anisotropy of the entire ions, respectively. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.

Title: Towards thermodynamics with generalized uncertainty principle
Authors: Ali, AF (Ali, Ahmed Farag)[ 1,2 ] ; Moussa, M (Moussa, Mohamed)[ 2 ]
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Various frameworks of quantum gravity predict a modification in the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to a so-called generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). Introducing quantum gravity effect makes a considerable change in the density of states inside the volume of the phase space which changes the statistical and thermodynamical properties of any physical system. In this paper we investigate the modification in thermodynamic properties of ideal gases and photon gas. The partition function is calculated and using it we calculated a considerable growth in the thermodynamical functions for these considered systems. The growth may happen due to an additional repulsive force between constitutes of gases which may be due to the existence of GUP, hence predicting a considerable increase in the entropy of the system. Besides, by applying GUP on an ideal gas in a trapped potential, it is found that GUP assumes a minimum measurable value of thermal wavelength of particles which agrees with discrete nature of the space that has been derived in previous studies from the GUP.

Title: Early miocene woods of egypt
Authors: El-Saadawi, W (El-Saadawi, Wagieh)[ 1 ] ; Kamal-El-Din, M (Kamal-El-Din, Marwah)[ 1 ] ; Wheeler, EA (Wheeler, Elisabeth A.)[ 2 ] ; Osman, R (Osman, Rifaat)[ 3 ] ; El-Faramawi, M (El-Faramawi, Marwa)[ 1 ] ; El-Noamani, Z (El-Noamani, Zeinab)[ 1 ]
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Thirty-eight silicified eudicot wood samples were collected from a single locality in the early Miocene Gebel El-Khashab Formation exposed along the Cairo-Bahariya Oasis Desert Road of Egypt. This locality is remarkable because it is dominated by trunks of Bombacoxylon, family Malvaceae (32 samples). Whether this reflects the composition of the original regional vegetation or is a result of sorting during transport prior to fossilization is not known. These woods are characterized by having few, wide vessels, functional traits consistent with the tropical, warm humid climate suggested for the early Miocene of North Africa. Additionally, there is one sample each of wood resembling Terminalioxylon (Combretaceae) and Cynometroxylon (Leguminosae/Caesalpinioideae). Affinities of four other samples could not be determined. A list of all Miocene wood species of Egypt known to date is given along with general interpretations of the paleoclimate in the region and suggestions for future work.

Title: Structural analysis and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline nicuzn ferrites synthesized via a novel gelatin method
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ] ; Obaid, AY (Obaid, A. Y.)[ 1 ] ; Qusti, A (Qusti, A.)[ 1 ]
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In this study, nano-crystalline Ni0.6-xCuxZn0.4Fe2O4 ferrite (0.0

Title: Preparation and characterization of cui/pva-pedot:pss core-shell for photovoltaic application
Authors: Saleh, T (Saleh, T.)[ 1 ] ; Kosemen, A (Kosemen, A.)[ 2 ] ; San, SE (San, S. Eren)[ 2 ] ; El Mansy, MK (El Mansy, M. K.)[ 1 ]
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In the present paper nano polymer composite of CuI/PVA blended with PEDOT:PSS has been prepared by growing CuI nano particles inside aqueous solution of PVA. The XRD characterization illustrated the growth of CuI nano crystals of 22-33 nm. The optical absorption showed direct transition with an energy band gap equals to 1.18 eV and 1.3 eV for colloidal and thin solid films respectively. The PL investigation illustrates a quenching with increasing PEDDOT:PSS concentration. The results are interpreted according to energy confinement enhanced by plasmon-exciton interaction of CuI-PVA/PEDOT:PSS core-shell. The frequency dependence of conductivity suggested hopping conduction where the bulk conductivity is thermally activated with an activation energy in the range varies from 0.07 to 0.46 eV by increasing PEDOT:PSS concentration. The cyclic voltammetry measurements have been performed to ascertain the position of both HOMO and LUMO levels which illustrated a movement of HOMO level toward vacuum level, with a decrease in the chemical band gap from 1.72 to 1.3 eV with increasing PEDOT:PSS concentration. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Title: Petrophysical and electrofacies analysis of nullipore reservoir, ras fanar field, gulf of suez-egypt
Authors: Lashin, A (Lashin, A.)[ 1,2,3 ] ; Zahra, H (Zahra, H.)[ 2 ] ; Ibrahim, F (Ibrahim, F.)[ 4 ] ; Eldien, SS (Eldien, S. Serag)[ 4 ] ; Al-Bassam, A (Al-Bassam, A.)[ 1,3 ]
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The present study deals with petrophysical analysis and electrofacies zonation of the Nullipore carbonate reservoir rocks of Ras Fanar filed, Gulf of Suez-Egypt. The wire line logs of 14 wells, the available capillary pressure data, and the special core analyses of some cored intervals, as well as the coralline algae content, were analyzed and interpreted together for reservoir evaluation and zonation. Three electro-lithofacies zones (I, II, and III) are detected. However, zone (II) is considered the most important, in terms of the high porosity (18%) and hydrocarbon saturation (80%), which it attains. The petrophysical analysis of the Nullipore reservoirs shows two lobes (A and B) of good hydrocarbon potentialities, extending along northwest-southeast direction. However, "B" lobe attains better reservoir quality than "A" lobe. Net pay cutoff values of 14% and 65% are taken for porosity and water saturation, respectively.

Title: Electrochemical properties of charge transfer complexes of 4,4 '-bipyridine with benzoquinone derivatives
Authors: Al-Owais, AA (Al-Owais, A. A.)[ 1 ] ; El-Hallag, IS (El-Hallag, I. S.)[ 2 ] ; Al-Harbi, LM (Al-Harbi, L. M.)[ 3 ] ; El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, E. H.)[ 4 ] ; Qari, HA (Qari, H. A.)
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The electrochemical characteristics of charge transfer complex of 4,4'-bipyridine with benzoquinone derivative have been investigated using cyclic voltammetry, convolutive voltammetry and digital simulation methods. Cyclic voltammetry experiments were performed at a platinum working electrode. The electrode reaction pathway, the relevant chemical and electrochemical parameters of the investigated complex were determined using cyclic voltammetry, convolution - deconvolution transforms. The extracted electrochemical parameters and the nature of the electrode reaction were verified & confirmed via digital simulation method.

Title: Facile preparation and characterization of nano-crystalline srtio3
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Obaid, AY (Obaid, A. Y.)[ 1 ]
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Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) nanocrystals have been synthesized, for the first time, through a facile method using SrC2O4 center dot H2O-TiO2 precursor. DTA-TG techniques were used to follow the titanate formation process. XRD and FT-IR measurements were used to characterize the intermediate decomposition products as well as the titanate formation. XRD showed single-phase, crystalline, cubic perovskite with a lattice constant of 3.9017 angstrom. TEM image exhibited agglomerated cubic particles with size of about 70 nm. BET measurements, used to characterize the surface properties, revealed a surface area of 9.5 m(2) g(-1). The study of the electrical properties as a function of temperature and frequency exhibited semiconducting behavior with conduction activation energy of 0.45 eV. Kinetic analysis of non-isothermal TG curves, using three different computational integral methods revealed an activation energy value, for the titanate formation, of 240 kJ mol(-1) according to the phase boundary controlled mechanism (R-2).

Title: Comments on "effects of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on unsteady mhd flow of non-newtonian fluid over a stretching porous sheet" by gamal m. abdel-rahman (thermal science: year 2013, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 1035-1047)
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, Mostafa A. A.)
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Title: Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxicity of mixed ligand mn(ii), co(ii) and ni(ii) complexes
Authors: Osman, SA (Osman, Souad A.)[ 1 ] ; Mousa, HA (Mousa, Hanan A.)[ 2 ] ; Yosef, HAA (Yosef, Hisham Abdallah A.)[ 1 ] ; Hafez, TS (Hafez, Taghrid S.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sawy, AA (El-Sawy, Abdallah A.)[ 3 ] ; Abdallah, MM (Abdallah, Mohamed M.)[ 4 ] ; Hassan, AS (Hassan, Ashraf S.)[ 1 ]
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Complexes of the type [ML'L(OH)(H2O)], where M = Ni(II), Co(II) or Mn(II), L' = isatin and HL = 3-(2-phenylhydrazono)acetylacetone, 3-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)hydrazono)acetylacetone or 3-(2-(4-bromophenyl)hydrazono)-acetylacetone, were synthesized by equimolar reaction of a metal(II) chloride with isatin and a 3-(2-arylhydrazono)acetylacetone. The resulting complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductivity, spectral data (IR and mass spectrometry) and magnetic moments. Furthermore, the ligands and their metal complexes were screened for their cytotoxicity against different human cancer cell lines using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The results showed that most of the mixed ligand metal complexes have high cytotoxicity in comparison with the reference drugs used.

Title: Synthesis of novel pyridazine derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents
Authors: Behalo, MS (Behalo, Mohamed S.)[ 1 ] ; El-Karim, IAG (El-Karim, Iman A. Gad)[ 1 ] ; Issac, YA (Issac, Yvette A.)[ 1 ] ; Farag, MA (Farag, Mohamed A.)[ 1 ]
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A series of novel pyridazine derivatives incorporated with triazole, thiazolidine, imidazolidine, oxazine, and quinazoline moieties was synthesized by the reaction of [6-(4-phenoxyphenyl) pyridazin-3- yloxy] acetyl isothiocyanate with variety of nucleophilic reagents. The structures of all products were confirmed and characterized by the elemental analysis and spectroscopic studies (IR, MS, H-1 NMR). Also, the products were investigated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities and were compared with the standard drugs. Most of the synthesized compounds demonstrated potent to weak antimicrobial activity.

Title: Active belite beta-c2s and the hydration of calcium sulfoaluminates prepared from nano-materials
Authors: El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 1 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 2,3 ] ; El-Sokkary, TM (El-Sokkary, T. M.); Khalil, KA (Khalil, Kh. A.)[ 1,4 ] ; Ahmed, IA (Ahmed, I. A.)[ 5 ]
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The aim of the present work is to study the effect of active belite on the hydration of C(4)A(3)(S) over bar and C(4)A (S) over bar. The results revealed that the active beta-C2S prevents the formation of crystalline ettringite and monosulfate hydrate as detected from the results of XRD. On the other side, the sulfoaluminate hydrates such as AFt and AFm were detected by using DSC technique. Gismondine C4Al8Si8O32 center dot 16H is formed from the reaction of beta-C2S or CSH with the liberated Al(OH)(3) from the hydration of C(4)A(3)(S) over bar. This phase was not detected with the other monosulfate mix C(4)A (S) over bar. This is mainly due to the absence of AH(3) during the hydration of C(4)A (S) over bar. The results of XRD patterns are in good agreement with those obtained from DSC thermograms.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of nano-crystalline zn-substituted mg-ni-fe-cr ferrites via surfactant-assisted route
Authors: Bayoumy, WAA (Bayoumy, W. A. A.)
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Nano-crystalline ferrites of Mg0.8-xZnxNi0.2FeCrO4 with stoichiometric proportion (x) lying between 0.0 and 0.8 were synthesized by sol-gel template using cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactants. The resultant powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating scanning magnetometry (VSM). XRD indicated the formation of polycrystalline single-phase cubic spinels with average crystallite sizes in the range of 10-15 nm. The structural data, as a function with Zn-content, has been explained on the basis of the entire cation distribution. Magnetic hysteresis loops showed very narrow hysteresis curves, which infer that the prepared powders are superparamagnetic. The smaller magnetization values obtained for all the samples can be attributed to larger surface-to-volume ratio and the spin canting on their surface. The effect of surfactant type, Zn-substitution and the presence of Cr3+ ions on the structural and magnetic properties of the investigated system was estimated and discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Impact of delayed addition time of snf condensate on the fire resistance and durability of src-sf composite cement pastes
Authors: El-Didamony, H (El-Didamony, H.)[ 1 ] ; Aiad, I (Aiad, I.)[ 2 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 3,4 ] ; Al-Masry, S (Al-Masry, S.)[ 1 ]
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This work aimed to investigate the impact of delayed addition time (DAT) of sulphonated naphthalene formaldehyde (SNF) superplasticizer on the durability and fire resistance of SRC-SF composite cement pastes immersed in both 4% MgCl2 or 4% MgSO4 solutions as well as at elevated temperatures up to 800 degrees C, respectively. The results indicate that, the compressive strength and bulk density of cement paste increase with DAT at 7.5 min up to 90 days in tap water. The cement pastes admixed with 1.0 mass% of SNF condensate at delayed addition time 7.5 min, which cured in both 4% MgCl2 or 4% MgSO4 for 1 year or thermally treated up to 800 degrees C, has the highest durability and fire resistance. This is mainly due to that, the presence of superplasticizer with delayed addition process of mixing, reduces the water demand for standard consistency, decreases the total porosity, and increases the bulk density and consequently the compressive strength of cement pastes. These factors work together to modify the microstructure producing homogeneous compact closed structure. Total sulphate and chloride contents decrease with SNF content and DAT, due to decrease the accessibility of SO42- and Cl- to penetration into the pore system to form ettringite and chloroaluminate hydrate which expands and softens the cement paste matrix at later ages. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Preliminary results of cone z-pinch device with 5 kj
Authors: Abdel-Kader, ME (Abdel-kader, M. E.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Halim, MAA (Al-Halim, M. A. Abd)[ 2 ] ; Shagar, AM (Shagar, A. M.)[ 1 ] ; Eltayeb, HA (Eltayeb, H. A.)[ 1 ] ; Algamal, HA (Algamal, H. A.)[ 1 ] ; Saudy, AH (Saudy, A. H.)[ 3 ]
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The Cone Z-Pinch Experiment with 5 kJ is designed, constructed and operated. The electric discharge takes place between an upper ring electrode and a lower pin electrode creating plasma sheath in shape of cone. The preliminary experimental results using Helium gas in discharge show that the discharge period is 35 mu s, the total system inductance is 287 nH, and the total system resistance is 15 m Omega. The breakdown curve shows a minimum breakdown value at 0.2 torr pressure. The cone plasma is confined by electromagnetic force and plasma inductance has its maximum value at the pinch. The plasma current has a maximum value of 53 kA at the axis of the discharge tube. The experimental results showed that a time of 2.1 mu s at least is required for the pinch to occur and that both the pinch time and the duration time decrease with increasing the charging voltage.

Title: Changes in mice brain spontaneous electrical activity during cortical spreading depression due to mobile phone radiation.
Authors: Sallam, Samera M; Mohamed, Ehab I; Dawood, Abdel-Fattah B
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The objective of the present study was to investigate changes in spontaneous EEG activity during cortical spreading depression (CSD) in mice brain. The cortical region of anaesthetized mice were exposed to the electromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted from a mobile phone (MP, 935.2-960.2 MHz, 41.8 mW/cm(2)). The effect of EMFs on EEG was investigated before and after exposure to different stimuli (MP, 2% KCl, and MP & 2% KCl). The records of brain spontaneous EEG activity, slow potential changes (SPC), and spindle shaped firings were obtained through an interfaced computer. The results showed increases in the amplitude of evoked spindles by about 87%, 17%, and 226% for MP, 2% KCl, and MP & 2% KCl; respectively, as compared to values for the control group. These results showed that the evoked spindle is a more sensitive indicator of the effect of exposure to EMFs from MP.

Title: Co/water and uv-vis assisted assembly of nanostructured platinum wires in mesoporous silica
Authors: Mohamed, MM (Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar)[ 1 ] ; Thabet, M (Thabet, Mohamed)[ 2 ]
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This work describes a method to synthesize free-standing nanoplatinum wires (8-25 nm diameter and 30-100 nm length) fabricated by CO (200 Torr)/water (20 Torr) under a high-pressure Hg lamp at 300 K, for 36 h, induced from H2PtCl6 impregnated with FSM-16 (2.7 nm). On the other hand, stabilized platinum nanoparticles (spherical) grown by consecutive reductive carbonylation of a CO (200 Torr) and CO (20 Torr)/water (2 Torr) system at 323 K exhibited mean particle sizes of 2-10 nm. The structure, dispersion behavior, and surface morphology of the materials have been characterized by temperature programmed surface reaction of CO (TPSR), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), N-2 sorpitometry, and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The Pt nanowires showed a higher catalytic activity toward the water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) than that of nanoparticles. It has been shown that the activity does not depend on the structural and morphological characteristics of Pt/FSM-16 such as specific surface area or primary crystallites size but depends on Pt geometry. Investigation of the surface intermediates observed by in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy formed over Pt nanowires and Pt nanoparticles during the WGSR depicted the developing of unidentate formate species on the former and carbonates on the latter. TPSR demonstrated the facile interaction of CO with nanowires (243-373 K) at lower temperatures, presumably dissociatively, than with nanoparticles (243-493 K). The same result was accomplished using TPR, comprehending that complete reduction was attained at 723 K for the former, but it did not reach completion until 873 K for the latter. This indicated that cationic Pt plays a crucial role in catalyzing WGSR at 323 K. Other issues regarding the binding of CO on Pt particles, declining activity with temperatures, and CO cluster bonds either on Pt nanoparticles or nanowires were also discussed.

Title: Studying fluid squeeze characteristics for aerostatic journal bearing
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, GM (Abdel-Rahman, Gamal M.)
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The Reynolds equation for studying fluid squeeze of aerostatic journal bearing is solved numerically by considering the quasi-steady behavior of the air film. The radial displacement can influence the air film thickness modifying the pressure distribution in the journal-bearing gap. Also, the variations in the seat characteristics with eccentricity, time, squeeze number, length-to-diameter and supply pressure are presented. The numerical results for the squeeze load-carrying capacity are given in a non-dimensional form. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: A facile synthesis and heteroannulation of thiazolopyrimidine and related heterocyclic systems
Authors: Aly, AA (Aly, A. A.)
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Reaction of pyrimidinylacetic acid 2 with different electrophilic and nucleophilic reagents gave annulated pyrimidine derivatives 3-11, respectively. Compound 3 was transformed to pyrimidinylacetyl azide 12, which upon heterocyclization with active methylene compounds, acidic and basic reagents furnished functionally substituted heteroaromatic compounds 13-21, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of some synthesized compounds was investigated. The structures of the synthesized derivatives were elucidated by elemental and spectral analyses.

Title: New potentiometric and spectrophotometric methods for the determination of dextromethorphan in pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Elmosallamy, MAF (Elmosallamy, Mohamed A. F.)[ 1,2 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 3 ]
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New, simple and convenient potentiometric and spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DXM) in pharmaceutical preparations. The potentiometric technique is based on developing a potentiometric sensor incorporating the dextromethorphan tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl)borate ion-pair complex as an electroactive species in a plasticized PVC matrix membrane with o-nitophenyl octyl ether or dioctyl phthalate. The sensor shows a rapid near Nernstian response of over 1 x 10(-5) - 1 x 10(-2) mol L-1 dextromethorphan in the pH range of 3.0 - 9.0. The detection limit is 2 x 10(-6) mol L-1 DXM and the response time is instantaneous (2 s). The proposed spectrophotometric technique involves the reaction of DXM with eriochrom black T (EBT) to form an ion-associate complex. Solvent extraction is used to improve the selectivity of the method. The optimal extraction and reaction conditions have been studied, and the analytical characteristics of the method have been obtained. Linearity is obeyed in the range of 7.37 - 73.7 x 10(-5) mol L-1 DXM, and the detection limit of the method is 1.29 x 10(-5) mol L-1. The relative standard deviation (RSD) and relative error for six replicate measurements of 3.685 x 10(-4) mol L-1 are 0.672 and 0.855%, respectively. The interference effect of some excepients has also been tested. The drug contents in pharmaceutical preparations were successfully determined by the proposed methods by applying the standard-addition technique.

Title: Corrosion control of steel in hcl solutions by cyanoacetamide derivatives
Authors: Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Megahed, HE (Megahed, H. E.)[ 2 ] ; Younis, T (Younis, T.)[ 2 ] ; Abd El-Salam, S (Abd El-Salam, Sh)[ 1 ]
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The corrosion inhibition of C-steel in 1 M HCl solution by cyanoacetamide derivatives was investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) techniques. The results obtained from these techniques show that, the inhibition efficiency of these inhibitors increased with increase in inhibitor concentration but deceased with rise in temperature. Adsorption of these derivatives follows the Temkin adsorption isotherm. The polarization measurement showed that these inhibitors are acting as mixed-type inhibitors for both anodic and cathodic reactions. Some activated thermodynamic parameters were computed and discussed. The results obtained from the four different techniques were in good agreement. Quantum structure-activity relationships have been used to study the effect of molecular structure on inhibition efficiency of the inhibitors.

Title: Cr-substitution effect on the structural and magnetic properties of nano-sized nife2o4 prepared via novel chitosan route
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1 ] ; Kosa, S (Kosa, S.)[ 1 ] ; Almutairi, TS (Almutairi, T. S.)[ 1 ]
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Nano-crystalline Cr-substituted nickel ferrites; NiFe2-xCrxO4 (x=0.0-1.0) were prepared using chitosan template method. Differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetric measurements revealed the complete combustion of the gel precursor at 220 degrees C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the as-prepared precursors exhibited the presence of secondary phases besides the entire ferrites. XRD of the calcined precursors at 500 degrees C indicated single-phase cubic spinel structure for all the prepared samples. The lattice parameter are slightly changed with increasing Cr-content while the particle size and X-ray density gradually decreases. Vibrating sample magnetometer measurements confirmed that Cr-substitution caused a decrease in the saturation magnetization while increasing coercivity. The higher magnetizations obtained compared with other methods in literature enhances using of chitosan as a template for the preparation of other systems. The relatively high coercivity values suggested higher demagnetization magnetic field of the investigated samples. The expected chitosan complexation mechanism as well as the auto-combustion reaction were discussed. A proper cation distribution of the investigated system was suggested through structural data and was confirmed by magnetization studies. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reservecl

Title: Emergence of cosmic space and minimal length in quantum gravity
Authors: Ali, AF (Ali, Ahmed Farag)[ 1,2 ]
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An emergence of cosmic space has been suggested by Padmanabhan in [ I. This new interesting approach argues that the expansion of the universe is due to the difference between the number of degrees of freedom on a holographic surface and the one in the emerged bulk. In this paper, we derive, using emergence of cosmic space framework, the general dynamical equation of FRW universe filled with a perfect fluid by considering a generic form of the entropy as a function of area. Our derivation is considered as a generalization of emergence of cosmic space with a general form of entropy. We apply our equation with higher dimensional spacetime and derive modified Friedmann equation in GaussBonnet gravity. We then apply our derived equation with the corrected entropy-area law that follows from Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) and derive a modified Friedmann equations due to the GUP. We then derive the modified Raychaudhuri equation due to GUP in emergence of cosmic space framework and investigate it using fixed point method. Studying this modified Raychaudhuri equation leads to nonsingular solutions which may resolve singularities in FRW universe. (C) 2014 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.orgilicenses/by/314). Funded by SCOAP(3).

Title: Black hole remnant from gravity's rainbow
Authors: Ali, AF (Ali, Ahmed Farag)[ 1,2 ]
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In this work, we investigate black hole (BH) physics in the context of the gravity rainbow. We investigate this through rainbow functions that have been proposed by Amelino-Camelia [Living Rev. Relativity 16, 5 (2013)] and Amelino-Camelia et al. in [Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 12, 607 (1997)]. This modification will give corrections to both the temperature and the entropy of BHs, and hence it changes the picture of Hawking radiation greatly when the size of the BH approaches the Planck scale. It prevents the BH from total evaporation, predicting the existence of a BH remnant, which may resolve the catastrophic behavior of Hawking radiation as the BH mass approaches zero.

Title: Hydration characteristic, thermal expansion and microstructure of cement containing nano-silica
Authors: Abd El Aleem, S (Abd El Aleem, S.)[ 1 ] ; Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 2,3 ] ; Morsi, WM (Morsi, W. M.)[ 4 ]
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The effect of nano-silica (NS) on the hydration characteristics, thermal expansion and microstructure of cement pastes and mortars was studied. OPC was replaced with NS up to 6.0%. The presence of NS increases the required water of standard consistency and elongated the setting times. The results of chemically combined water, free portlandite, pH, bulk density, compressive strength and thermal expansion showed that NS contents up to 5.0 mass% improve the physico-chemical and mechanical properties of cements. NS behaves not only as filler to improve the microstructure, but also as an activator to promote the pozzolanic reaction, which enhances the formation of hydrated products. It was concluded that partially substitution of OPC up to 5 mass% NS improves the mechanical and microstructural characteristics in comparison with the neat OPC paste up to 90 days. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: An efficient method for solving fractional hodgkin-huxley model
Authors: Nagy, AM (Nagy, A. M.)[ 1 ] ; Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 2 ]
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In this paper, we present an accurate numerical method for solving fractional Hodgkin-Huxley model. A non-standard finite difference method (NSFDM) is implemented to study the dynamic behaviors of the proposed model. The Grunwald-Letinkov definition is used to approximate the fractional derivatives. Numerical results are presented graphically reveal that NSFDM is easy to implement, effective and convenient for solving the proposed model. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Minimal length, friedmann equations and maximum density
Authors: Awad, A (Awad, Adel)[ 1,3 ] ; Ali, AF (Ali, Ahmed Farag)[ 2,4 ]
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Inspired by Jacobson's thermodynamic approach [4], Cai et al. [5, 6] have shown the emergence of Friedmann equations from the first law of thermodynamics. We extend Akbar-Cai derivation [6] of Friedmann equations to accommodate a general entropy-area law. Studying the resulted Friedmann equations using a specific entropy-area law, which is motivated by the generalized uncertainty principle ( GUP), reveals the existence of a maximum energy density closed to Planck density. Allowing for a general continuous pressure p (rho, a) leads to bounded curvature invariants and a general nonsingular evolution. In this case, the maximum energy density is reached in a finite time and there is no cosmological evolution beyond this point which leaves the big bang singularity inaccessible from a spacetime prospective. The existence of maximum energy density and a general nonsingular evolution is independent of the equation of state and the spacial curvature k. As an example we study the evolution of the equation of state p = omega rho through its phase-space diagram to show the existence of a maximum energy which is reachable in a finite time.

Title: Analytical study for the nonlinear vibrations of multiwalled carbon nanotubes using homotopy analysis method
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Sweilam, NH (Sweilam, N. H.)[ 3 ] ; EL-Sehrawy, ZI (EL-Sehrawy, Z. I.)[ 4 ] ; Ghwail, SA (Ghwail, S. A.)[ 4 ]
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In this article, the homotopy analysis method (HAM) is implemented for obtaining semi-analytical solutions to the problem of the nonlinear vibrations of multiwalled carbon nanotubes embedded in an elastic medium. A multiple-beam model is utilized in which the governing equations of each layer are coupled with those of its adjacent ones via the Van der Waals inter layer forces. The amplitude-frequency curves for large-amplitude vibrations of single-walled, double-walled and triple-walled carbon nanotubes are obtained. The influence of changes in material constants of the surrounding elastic medium and the effect of changes in nanotube geometrical parameters on the vibration characteristics are studied by comparing the results with those from the previous work. Series solutions of the problem under consideration are developed by means of HAM and the recurrence relations are given explicitly. The obtained numerical results show the rapid convergence of the series constructed by the proposed method to the exact solution. Test problems have been considered to ensure that HAM is accurate and efficient compared with the Adomian decomposition method.

Title: Structure investigation of mesalazine drug using thermal analyses, mass spectrometry, dft calculations, and nbo analysis
Authors: Nassar, MY (Nassar, Mostafa Y.)[ 1 ] ; El-Shahat, MF (El-Shahat, M. F.)[ 2 ] ; Khalile, SM (Khalile, S. M.)[ 3 ] ; El-Desawy, M (El-Desawy, M.)[ 4 ] ; Mohamed, EA (Mohamed, Eman A.)[ 5 ]
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Mesalazine (MZ) drug has been used for several decades as a primary treatment for inflammatory bowel diseases. The drug was investigated using thermal analysis (TA) measurements and electron impact mass spectral fragmentation at 70 and 15 eV of electron energy. The optimum molecular geometry and the total energy of the neutral and the positively charged MZ molecules were calculated by density functional theory method with 6-311++G(d,p) basis sets. Stability of the molecules arising from hyperconjugative interactions, charge delocalization, and the natural atomic charges has been analyzed using natural bond orbital analysis. In electron ionization mass spectrometry, the primary rupture is due to successive loss of H2O (OH from carboxyl and H from phenolic OH of the ring) and CO of the acetyl group. Thermogravimetric results have revealed two stages of mass loss at 75.3 and 25.3 % in ranges 225-350 and 350-650 A degrees C, respectively. The first one may be due to successive losses of different groups or molecules with fast rate of decomposition. A comparison between MS and TA helped in selection the proper pathway representing the fragmentation mechanism of this drug.

Title: Synthesis, quantum chemical calculations and properties of nonionic and nonionic-anionic surfactants based on fatty alkyl succinate
Authors: Hussein, AM (Hussein, Ahmed M.)[ 1 ] ; Khowdiary, MM (Khowdiary, Manal M.)[ 2 ]
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Two surfactants based on maleic anhydride were synthesized by esterification with fatty alcohols C-10, C-12 and C-14 to produce half esters [I-III]. Nonionic surfactant monoesters [I-III]a-c synthesized by ethoxylation of [I-III] with different moles of ethylene oxide [6, 8 and 10] in the presence of K10 clay as an untraditionally catalyst. The later products were sulfonated to produce nonionic-anionic surfactants [IV-VI]a-c. The structures of synthesized surfactant were elucidated by FTIR and H-1-NMR data. Their surface activity and biodegradability were determined. All the synthesized surfactants showed good surface activity and biodegradability, but anionic-nonionic type has better effect than nonionic one. Quantum chemical calculations were utilized to explore the electronic structure and stability of these compounds. Computational studies have been carried out at the PM3 semiempirical molecular orbitals level, to establish the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, ionization potential energy and ESP mapping of these compounds. Also, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination and toxic properties were studied to gain a clear view of the oral bioavailability of these compounds.

Title: Synthesis of new, ecologically safe and efficient oil slick-collecting and dispersing agents based on oleic acid and its propoxylation products
Authors: Tantawy, AH (Tantawy, Ahmed H.)[ 1,2 ] ; Asadov, ZH (Asadov, Ziyafaddin H.)[ 1 ] ; Azizov, AH (Azizov, Akif H.)[ 1 ] ; Rahimov, RA (Rahimov, Ravan A.)[ 1 ] ; Zarbaliyeva, IA (Zarbaliyeva, Ilhama A.)[ 1 ]
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In this study, the complexes synthesized by reactions of oleic acid separately with ethylenediamine and triethylenetetramine were reacted with different moles of propylene oxide to form propoxylated compounds. The obtained propoxylated compounds were characterized by a number of physico-chemical methods. The physical properties of the synthesized surfactants including interfacial tension and critical micelle concentration were determined. From these measurements, the maximum surface excess concentration and the minimum area per molecule at the water solution/kerosene interface and the standard thermodynamic parameters of adsorption and micellization were calculated. Petroleum-collecting and dispersing properties of the synthesized propoxylated complexes in diluted and undiluted form in waters of varying salinity have been studied. FTIR spectra, C-13 and H-1-NMR spectra confirm these complex structures.

Title: Anion induced azo-hydrazone tautomerism for the selective colorimetric sensing of fluoride ion
Authors: Satheshkumar, A (Satheshkumar, A.)[ 1 ] ; El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, E. H.)[ 2,3 ] ; Manivannan, R (Manivannan, R.)[ 1 ] ; Parthiban, C (Parthiban, C.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Harbi, LM (Al-Harbi, L. M.)[ 2 ] ; Kosa, S (Kosa, S.)[ 2 ] ; Elango, KP (Elango, Kuppanagounder P.)[ 1 ]
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The design, synthesis, characterization and their anion sensing properties of two receptors capable of exhibiting azo-hydrazone tautomerism are reported. The anion sensing properties have been investigated using electronic, fluorescence and nuclear magnetic spectral studies in addition to electrochemical and visual detection experiments. Both the receptors selectively bind fluoride ion with >100 nm red-shift in the electronic spectrum and the color changes from yellow to red. The results of the spectral studies revealed that the sensing mechanism involves fluoride ion induced change of chromophore from C=N (hydrazone form) to N=N (azo form) in these receptors leading to the visible color change. Density Functional Theory calculations were conducted to rationalize the optical response of the receptors. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Structural, magnetic and electrical characterization of mg-ni nano-crystalline ferrites prepared through egg-white precursor
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1,3 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ] ; Zaki, HM (Zaki, H. M.)[ 1,2 ]
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Soft Ni-Mg nano-crystalline ferrites with the general formula Ni1-xMgxFe2O4 (0

Title: Melting heat transfer effects on stagnation point flow of micropolar fluid saturated in porous medium with internal heat generation (absorption)
Authors: Mahmoud, MAA (Mahmoud, M. A. A.)[ 1 ] ; Waheed, SE (Waheed, S. E.)[ 1,2 ]
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The effect of melting heat transfer on the two dimensional boundary layer flow of a micropolar fluid near a stagnation point embedded in a porous medium in the presence of internal heat generation/absorption is investigated. The governing non-linear partial differential equations describing the problem are reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations solved numerically using the Chebyshev spectral method. Numerical results for velocity, angular velocity and temperature profiles are shown graphically and discussed for different values of the inverse Darcy number, the heat generation/absorption parameter, and the melting parameter. The effects of the pertinent parameters on the local skin-friction coefficient, the wall couple stress, and the local Nusselt number are tabulated and discussed. The results show that the inverse Darcy number has the effect of enhancing both velocity and temperature and suppressing angular velocity. It is also found that the local skin-friction coefficient decreases, while the local Nusselt number increases as the melting parameter increases.

Title: Preparation and characterization of mg2+-ion conducting composite based on poly(vinyl alcohol) with various concentrations of li2o
Authors: Gamal, R (Gamal, Rania)[ 1 ] ; Sheha, E (Sheha, Eslam)[ 1 ] ; Shash, N (Shash, Nabil)[ 1 ] ; El-Shaarawy, MG (El-Shaarawy, Mervat G.)[ 1 ]
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In the present work, polymer electrolyte (PE) film consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with magnesium bromide (MgBr2) as electrolytic salt, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) as plasticizer and Li2O at different concentration (0.02, 0.04, 0.06 wt.%) as the filler has been prepared by solution casting technique. The polymeric film was flexible and self-standing with proper mechanical strength and studied for application in a solid-state rechargeable magnesium battery. The interactions between the filler and PVA chains are studied by X-ray and thermogravometric analyses. The conductivity increased with addition of filler reached to 10-5 S cm-1 at 0.04 wt.% Li2O. The frequency dependence of ac conductivity obeys Jonscher power law. The estimated value of Mg+2 ion transference number is found to be 0.7 for high conducting film. A solid state battery based on the optimum polymer electrolyte with a configuration Mg PE V2O5 has exhibited an open circuit voltage of 1.5 V. Also this battery has exhibited a discharge capacity 6.11 mA h. The discharge characteristics are found to be satisfactory as a laboratory cell.

Title: Numerical solution for variable viscosity and internal heat generation effects on boundary layer flow over an exponentially stretching porous sheet with constant heat flux and thermal radiation
Authors: Megahed, AM (Megahed, A. M.)
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A numerical study has been carried out to analyze the constant heat flux, internal heat generation, variable viscosity and thermal radiation effects on the flow and heat transfer of a Newtonian fluid over an exponentially stretching porous sheet. Using a similarity transformation, the governing partial differential equations are transformed into coupled, non-linear ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients. Numerical solutions to these equations subject to appropriate boundary conditions are obtained by using an efficient Chebyshev spectral method. The effects of various physical parameters such as viscosity parameter, the suction parameter, the radiation parameter, internal heat generation or absorption parameter and the Prandtl number on velocity and temperature are discussed by using graphical approach. Moreover, numerical results indicate that in the presence of constant heat flux, the skin-friction coefficient as well as Nusselt number is strongly affected by the viscosity parameter, suction parameter, radiation parameter and the internal heat generation parameter.

Title: Geothermal energy resources of wadi al-lith, saudi arabia
Authors: Lashin, A (Lashin, A.)[ 1,2,4 ] ; Chandrasekharam, D (Chandrasekharam, D.)[ 3,5 ] ; Al Arifi, N (Al Arifi, N.)[ 5 ] ; Al Bassam, A (Al Bassam, A.)[ 5 ] ; Varun, C (Varun, C.)[ 6 ]
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The entire western Arabian shield is the domain of both hydrothermal and enhanced geothermal systems associated with volcanic centres (Harrats) and high heat generating granites. The most prominent sites of hydrothermal systems are located around Al-Lith and Jizan. The hydrothermal system in Al Lith is controlled by high heat generating (similar to 11 mu W/m(3)) post orogenic granites. The high heat flow value of >80 mW/m(2) across Al-Lith coast is due to such granite intrusives, presence of dike swarms that intrude into the granites as well as position of Moho at shallow level. Although the thermal waters are chloride rich, Red Sea involvement is not observed. Long residence time and water rock interaction with granites are the main processes responsible for chloride enrichment in the thermal waters. Oxygen isotope shift indicates presence of high temperature geothermal system in the area. The tritium values indicate that the circulating waters are >75 years old. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Title: Synthesis of polyfunctionally substituted fused pyrimidine derivatives as antimicrobial agents
Authors: Eissa, AEMF (Eissa, Abd El-Monem Mohamed Farag)
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A variety of pyrimidine derivatives 2-4 and annulated pyrimidine derivatives 5-17 have been synthesized via a sequence of heterocyclization reaction of readily available 6-naphthyl-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2.3.4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (1) with different acidic and basic reagents. The new compounds were synthesized with the aim of study of their antimicrobial activity. The structures of all synthesized compounds were elucidated by elemental analysis and spectroscopic studies.

Title: Optical properties of charged f-a1(+): zn2+, cd2+, hg2+ centers in the bulk and at the surface of mgo: theoretical study
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Abdullah, N (Abdullah, N.)[ 1 ] ; Halim, WSA (Halim, W. S. Abdel)[ 2 ] ; Eid, KM (Eid, Kh. M.)[ 3 ] ; Kamel, MA (Kamel, M. A.)[ 3 ] ; Taha, HO (Taha, H. O.)[ 3 ]
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The optical properties of F-A1(+): Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+ centers in the bulk and at the surface of the alkaline earth monooxide (MgO) are investigated by using the configuration interaction singles (CIS), and the density functional theory (DFT) methods of molecular electronic structure calculations. Quantum clusters were embedded in the simulated Coulomb fields that closely approximate the Madelung fields of the host crystal, and ions that were the nearest neighbors to the defect site were allowed to relax to equilibrium. The sensitivity of the examined optical properties, namely, transition energies (Stokes shifts), optical-optical conversion efficiency, relaxed excited states of the defect-containing surface, orientational destruction of the color center, recording sensitivity, exciton (energy) transfer, and the Glasner-Tompkins empirical rule to each of the bulk and surface ion coordination number are demonstrated. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Spherical couette flow of oldroyd 8-constant model. part ii. third-order approximation and the stream function psi((3))
Authors: Hassan, AAE (Hassan, A. Abu-El)
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In the previous work, Part I, Abu-El Hassan (Can. J. Phys. 84, 345 (2006)), the steady flow of an incompressible Oldroyd 8-constant fluid in the annular region between two concentric spheres is investigated up to the second-order approximation. Hence, the normalized second-order velocity field, V is seen to be V = W((0))(phi) over cap + lambda U(perpendicular to)((1)) + lambda((2))W((2))(phi) over cap + O(lambda(3)) with U(perpendicular to)((1)) = -del Lambda (Psi((1))/r sin theta) = (r) over capU((1)) + (theta) over capV((1)). The leading velocity term epresents the Newtonian flow in the phi-direction, while the first-order term denoted by the stream function Psi((1))(r,theta), produces a secondary flow field that divides the flow region into four parts symmetric about the z-axis, which is the axis of rotation. The second-order approximation gives a viscoelastic contribution W((2))(r,theta) in the phi-direction. lambda is the retardation time parameter. The present work is devoted to the solution of the third-order approximation of the same problem treated in Abu-El Hassan (Can. J. Phys. 84, 345 (2006)). The solution produces a stream function Psi((3))(r, theta), which being a secondary flow field divides the domain of flow into two similar regions symmetric about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The streamlines Psi((3))(r,theta) = const. are sketched for Maxwell, Oldroyd-B, and Oldroyd-8 constant model fluids, respectively. The results show that the distribution of flow for these fields is mainly affected by the values of the field's elastic parameters.

Title: Utility of solid-phase spectrophotometry for determination of dissolved iron(ii) and iron(iii) using 2,3-dichloro-6-(3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)quinoxaline
Authors: Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 1 ] ; Gouda, AA (Gouda, Ayman A.)[ 2 ]
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A new simple, very sensitive, selective and accurate procedure for the determination of trace amounts of iron(II) by solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) has been developed. The procedure is based on fixation of iron(II) as 2,3-dichloro-6-(3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)quinoxaline on a styrene-divinyl benzene anion-exchange resin. The absorbance of resin sorbed iron(II) complex is measured directly at 743 and 830 nm. Iron(Ill) was determined by difference measurements after reduction of iron(III) to iron(II) with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Calibration is linear over the range 1.0-20 mu g L-1 of Fe(II) with relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of 1.65% (n = 10.0). The detection and quantification limits for 100 mL sample system are 280 and 950 ngL(-1) using 0.5 g of the exchanger. The molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity are also calculated and found to be 2.86 x 10(6) Lmol(-1) cm(-1) and 0.0196 ng cm(-2), respectively. The proposed procedure has been successfully applied to determine iron(II) and iron(Ill) in tap, mineral and well water samples. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Petrophysical, seismic structural and facies analysis of the miocene reservoirs of east morgan oil field, gulf of suez, egypt
Authors: Lashin, AA (Lashin, Aref Adel)[ 2,1 ] ; Abd El-Naby, A (Abd El-Naby, Ahmed)[ 3 ]
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The Gulf of Suez is characterized by the presence of many hydrocarbon-bearing fields including reservoirs ranging in age from the Palaeozoic to the Tertiary. East Morgan oil field is one of the promising oil fields which are located in the southern part of the Gulf of Suez and tapping hydrocarbon deposits and potentials of the Miocene age. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the Miocene sediments of the Asl and Hawara Formations in East Morgan oil field (western sub-basin) through carrying out an integrated petrophysical, seismic structural and sequence stratigraphy study. Quantitative well logging analyses are carried out over Asl and Hawara Formations to throw light over their hydrocarbon potentiality. Good oil saturation is exhibited by the sand sections of Asl Formation, and fair to good are assigned for those of Hawara Formation in the Belayim dip province. On the other hand, a little hydrocarbon saturation is represented by both formations to the south of the study area in the Morgan accommodation zone (MAZ). The estimated petrophysical parameters of Asl reservoir throughout the study area range between 4 % and 10 % for effective porosity, 18 % and 89 % for shale volume and 2 % and 48 % for hydrocarbon saturation. Meanwhile, the ranges of 1-8 %, 20-98 % and 2-32 % are given for Hawara Formation for effective porosity, shale volume and hydrocarbon saturation, respectively. The lateral distribution maps show that the central and the western parts of the MAZ attain the best petrophysical parameters and hydrocarbon potentiality. Seismic facies analysis, structural framework and depositional history of the study area were studied through interpreting the seismic reflection data of 27 seismic profiles. A number of geo-seismic cross sections are constructed and interpreted to investigate the structural setting of the study area and clarify the main structural elements that affect the hydrocarbon bearing reservoirs. A group of simple NW-SE step-like normal faults, parallel to the Clysmic trend, is found cutting through the reservoir rocks at the bottom layers of the section (Rudeis Formation) and extending upwards to overlying layers (Zeit Formation). Some graben- and horst-shaped structures are found and usually bounded by two sets of oppositely dipping normal step-like cross faults. The seismic facies and sequence analysis revealed that the Miocene rocks are subdivided into two major third-order depositional sequences (S1 and S2), separated by two major depositional sequence boundaries (DSB1 and DSB2). The first sequence (S1, Lower-Middle Miocene rocks) is of prime interest, as it encounters the main hydrocarbon reservoirs in the study area (Asl and Hawara Formations that are equivalent to Rudeis Formation). The seismic facies of this sequence are characterized by low to moderate amplitude, discontinuous horizons and bounded by the depositional sequence boundary (DSB1) at the top. The reflection geometry at the cycle boundaries is considered as erosional truncation, toplaps and even concordant along the upper boundary of the cycle. The external form of these sediments is considered as sheet-like and wedge-shaped units. The entrapment of hydrocarbons seems to be of a combined effect of the stratigraphic and structural elements. It appears clear that both of the step-like structural fault system and the lateral variation of facies are the key parameters that control the accumulation of hydrocarbon in this area and in East Morgan field as a whole.

Title: Influence of n-thiazolyl-2-cyanoacetamide derivatives on the corrosion of aluminum in 0.01 m sodium hydroxide
Authors: Abdallah, M (Abdallah, M.)[ 1,3 ] ; Hazazi, OA (Hazazi, O. A.)[ 1 ] ; Fawzy, A (Fawzy, A.)[ 1,4 ] ; El-Shafei, S (El-Shafei, S.)[ 2 ] ; Fouda, AS (Fouda, A. S.)[ 2 ]
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The effect of N-thiazolyl-2-cyanoacetamide derivatives on the corrosion of aluminum in 0.01N sodium hydroxide has been studied using weight-loss and glvanostatic polarization techniques. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing the concentration of inhibitor and with decreasing temperature. The inhibition process was explained in terms of its adsorption on the aluminum surface The adsorption is obeyed Frumkin isotherm. The addition of Ba2+, Sr2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions to N-thiazolyl-2-cyanoacetamide derivatives enhanced the inhibition efficiency due to synergistic effect. Polarization data suggested that the additives used as mixed type inhibitors. Some activated thermodynamic parameters were calculated and explained.

Title: Laguerre collocation method for the flow and heat transfer due to a permeable stretching surface embedded in a porous medium with a second order slip and viscous dissipation
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1 ]
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A numerical method is given for studying the effect of viscous dissipation on the steady flow with heat transfer of Newtonian fluid towards a permeable stretching surface embedded in a porous medium with a second order slip. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are converted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using similarity variables. The proposed method is based on replacement of the unknown function by truncated series of well-known Laguerre expansion of functions. An approximate formula of the derivative is introduced. Special attention is given to study the convergence analysis and derive an upper bound of the error of the presented approximate formula. The introduced method converts the proposed equation by means of collocation points to a system of algebraic equations with Laguerre coefficients. Thus, by solving this system of equations, the Laguerre coefficients are obtained. Graphically results are shown for non-dimensional velocities and temperature. The effects of the porous parameter, the suction (injection) parameter, Eckert number, first and second order velocity slip parameter and the Prandtl number on the flow and temperature profiles are presented. Moreover, the local skin-friction and Nusselt numbers are presented. A comparison of numerical results is made with the earlier published results under limiting cases. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Title: T-syntopogenous structures compatible with fuzzy t-uniformities and fuzzy t-neighbourhoods structures
Authors: Morsi, NN (Morsi, Nehad N.)[ 1 ] ; Hashem, KA (Hashem, Khaled A.)[ 2 ]
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In this paper, we continue the discussion of T-syntopogenous spaces, which were introduced by the second author in 2012. This manuscript shows that the T-syntopogenous spaces agree well with Hashem-Morsi fuzzy T-neighbourhood spaces (2003), fuzzy T-proximity spaces (2002) and Hohle fuzzy T-uniform spaces (1982). Also, we show that each syntopogenous space in the sense of Csaszar (1963), generates a T-syntopogenous space. Finally, we deduce the concept of fuzzy T-neighbourhood syntopogenous structures and some related results. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: A functional insulator screen identifies nurf and dream components to be required for enhancer-blocking
Authors: Bohla, D (Bohla, Dorte)[ 1 ] ; Herold, M (Herold, Martin)[ 1 ] ; Panzer, I (Panzer, Imke)[ 1 ] ; Buxa, MK (Buxa, Melanie K.)[ 1 ] ; Ali, T (Ali, Tamer)[ 1,2 ] ; Demmers, J (Demmers, Jeroen)[ 3 ] ; Kruger, M (Krueger, Marcus)[ 4 ] ; Scharfe, M (Scharfe, Maren)[ 5 ] ; Jarek, M (Jarek, Michael)[ 5 ] ; Bartkuhn, M (Bartkuhn, Marek)[ 1 ] ...More
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Chromatin insulators of higher eukaryotes functionally divide the genome into active and inactive domains. Furthermore, insulators regulate enhancer/promoter communication, which is evident from the Drosophila bithorax locus in which a multitude of regulatory elements control segment specific gene activity. Centrosomal protein 190 (CP190) is targeted to insulators by CTCF or other insulator DNA-binding factors. Chromatin analyses revealed that insulators are characterized by open and nucleosome depleted regions. Here, we wanted to identify chromatin modification and remodelling factors required for an enhancer blocking function. We used the well-studied Fab-8 insulator of the bithorax locus to apply a genome-wide RNAi screen for factors that contribute to the enhancer blocking function of CTCF and CP190. Among 78 genes required for optimal Fab-8 mediated enhancer blocking, all four components of the NURF complex as well as several subunits of the dREAM complex were most evident. Mass spectrometric analyses of CTCF or CP190 bound proteins as well as immune precipitation confirmed NURF and dREAM binding. Both co-localise with most CP190 binding sites in the genome and chromatin immune precipitation showed that CP190 recruits NURF and dREAM. Nucleosome occupancy and histone H3 binding analyses revealed that CP190 mediated NURF binding results in nucleosomal depletion at CP190 binding sites. Thus, we conclude that CP190 binding to CTCF or to other DNA binding insulator factors mediates recruitment of NURF and dREAM. Furthermore, the enhancer blocking function of insulators is associated with nucleosomal depletion and requires NURF and dREAM.

Title: Assessing the performance of screw deformed nanotube as potential hydrogen storage material
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Soliman, KA (Soliman, K. A.)[ 1 ]
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The hydrogen storage of screw deformed Ti-functionalized (5,2) single walled carbon nanotube is investigated by using the state of the art density functional theory calculations. The single Ti atom prefers to bind at the hollow site of the hexagonal ring with average adsorption energies per hydrogen molecule -0.56 and -0.52 eV for the undeformed CNT-phi = 0 and deformed CNT-phi = 5 nanotubes, respectively. The hydrogen storage reactions 4H(2) + Ti-CNT-phi = 0,5 are characterized in terms of projected densities of states and statistical thermodynamics. The free energies and enthalpies meet the ultimate targets of the department of energy for minimal and maximal temperatures and pressures. The closest reactions to zero free energy exhibit surface coverage values 0.951 and 0.816 as well as (direct/inverse) rate constant ratios 6.55 and 1.5. The translational term is found to exact a dominant effect on the total entropy change with temperature, and the more promising thermodynamics are assigned to the screw deformed nanotube. Copyright (C) 2014, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords

Title: Polyaniline-zn0.2mn0.8 fe2o4 ferrite core-shell composite: preparation, characterization and properties
Authors: Khairy, M (Khairy, M.)
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Zn0.2Mn0.8Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles coated with polyaniline, forming a composite structure, were synthesized by in situ chemical oxidation polymerization at different ferrite weight ratio (PANI/ZnMn ferrite = 30% and 50%). The ZnMn ferrite nanoparticles were prepared by the sol-gel combustion method using metal nitrates as precursors. The structure, morphology, electrical, gas sensing and magnetic property of the ferrite and composite samples were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TEM, TGA, VSM, LCR instrument and sensing measurements. The results of XRD, FTIR and UV-vis spectra confirmed the formation of ZnMn ferrite/PANI composites. TEM study showed that the composites exhibited the core-shell structure. The results of TGA showed that ZnMn ferrite particles improved the thermal stability of composites indicated the existence of some interactions at the interface of polyaniline macromolecule and ZnMn particle, which influences the physical and chemical properties of the composite. The nanocomposites under applied magnetic field exhibited the hysteresis loops of superparamagnetic nature at room temperature. The ac conductivity and dielectric properties were studied in the frequency range from 102 to 107 Hz. The electronic and magnetic properties of the nanocomposites were tailored by controlling the ferrite content. The adsorption efficiency of the materials to remove toxic dye from waste water was also tested at different pH and it was found that the composite containing 50 wt% ZnMnFe2O4 exhibit excellent adsorption at pH 8. The nanocomposites have been also investigated as sensors for each of NH3, chloroform and acetone vapors in ppm level concentration. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: A comparative theoretical study of metal functionalized carbon nanocones and carbon nanocone sheets as potential hydrogen storage materials
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Soliman, KA (Soliman, K. A.)[ 1 ] ; Taha, HO (Taha, H. O.)[ 2 ]
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The hydrogen storage of Ti functionalized carbon nanocones and carbon nanocone sheets is investigated by using the state-of-the-art density functional theory calculations. The Ti atom prefers to bind at the hollow site of the hexagonal ring. The average adsorption energies corrected for dispersion forces are -0.54 and -0.39 eV per hydrogen molecule. With no metal clustering, the system gravimetric capacities are expected to be as large as 9.31 and 11.01 wt%. The hydrogen storage reactions are characterized in terms of simulated infrared spectra, projected densities of states, kinetics, and statistical thermodynamics. The free energies and enthalpies of the Ti functionalized carbon nanocone meet the ultimate targets of the Department of Energy for all temperatures and pressures. The closest reactions to zero free energy occur at 378.15 K/2.961 atm for carbon nanocones and 233.15 K/2.961 atm for carbon nanocone sheets. The translational component is found to exert a dominant effect on the total entropy change with temperature. More promising thermodynamics are assigned to the hydrogenation of Ti functionalized carbon nanocone sheets at 233.15 K. As the temperature is increased, the lifetimes of the hydrogen molecules adsorbed at the surface drop and the rate constants increase. At fixed pressure, the rate constants of hydrogenation of Ti functionalized carbon nanocones are smaller than those of Ti functionalized carbon nanocone sheets, while the lifetimes are greater.

Title: Legendre spectral collocation method for solving fractional sirc model and influenza a
Authors: Khader, MM (Khader, M. M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Babatin, MM (Babatin, Mohammed M.)[ 1 ]
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In this paper, Legendre spectral method is presented to study the approximate solution of fractional SIRC model. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. The properties of the Legendre polynomials are used to reduce the proposed method to the solution of nonlinear system of algebraic equations using Newton iteration method. Moreover, the convergence analysis and an upper bound of the error for the derived formula are given. We compared our numerical solutions with those numerical solutions using fourth-order Rung-Kutta method. The obtained results of the SIRC model show the simplicity and the efficiency of the proposed method.

Title: Co2 mitigation strategy through geothermal energy, saudi arabia
Authors: Chandarasekharam, D (Chandarasekharam, D.)[ 3,4 ] ; Aref, L (Aref, Lashin)[ 1,2 ] ; Nassir, A (Nassir, Al Arifi)[ 3 ]
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Saudi Arabia is generating 194.4 billion kWh of electricity through 500,000 barrels of oil. With the demand of electricity growing at 7.5% annually, the country may need 8.3 million barrels oil per day by 2020. This is going to put the country as the leader among the top CO2 emitting countries by 2020 with emissions peaking at 750 Gg of CO2 from the current 400,000 Gg. This is not a healthy sign for the country's GDP. The country can easily mitigate this problem by using the available wet and EGS (enhanced geothermal system) geothermal systems. 13 million Gg of CO2 can be mitigated by utilizing its geothermal energy sources for desalination plants along the western coastal region. Another 900 Gg can be mitigated by adopting GHP technology for space cooling and heating. Change in energy policy, solving tariff related issue and adopting CDM through geothermal energy sources, Saudi Arabia can mitigate CO2 emissions and still maintain its supremacy in the world. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Completion of l-topological groups
Authors: Bayoumi, F (Bayoumi, Fatma)[ 1 ] ; Ibedou, I (Ibedou, Ismail)[ 1 ]
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The goal of this paper is to extend an L-topological group to a complete L-topological group, which necessitates formalizing the completion of an L-topological group. In so doing, we introduce the notion of the completion of an L-uniform space in the sense of Gahler, Bayoumi, Kandil and Nouh. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: New exact solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear schrodinger equation
Authors: Abdel-Rahman, RG (Abdel-Rahman, Reda G.)
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The symmetry reduction method for the (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equation is considered. Many exact solutions are presented. These solutions include exponential solutions, rational solutions, triangular periodic wave solutions, hyperbolic, and soliton solutions.

Title: A study of the energy dependence for the multiplicity of shower particles produced in a o-16-emulsion interaction in the framework of the coulomb-modified glauber model
Authors: El-Din, MSMN (El-Din, M. S. M. Nour)[ 1 ] ; Solite, ME (Solite, M. E.)[ 1 ]
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The total reaction cross sections for the interaction of O-16 with emulsion nuclei (O-16-Em) at energies: 0.2, 2.1, 3.6, 14.6, 60.0, and 200.0A GeV have been calculated in the framework of the Coulomb-modified Glauber model. A similar calculation in case of proton-emulsion (p-Em) interactions is carried out at the same energies. For both types of interactions, the corresponding projectile and target participants beside the corresponding binary collisions have been calculated for the same energies. Then the averages of these quantities have been obtained. These averages have been used in the calculations of the corresponding average multiplicity of the shower particles (s-particles) in the case of the O-16-Em interaction. The agreement between the calculated total reaction cross sections and the corresponding experimental data is quite good. Also, a good agreement between the calculated average multiplicities of the shower particles and the corresponding experimental data has been obtained.

Title: Upgrading and viscosity reduction of heavy oil by catalytic ionic liquid
Authors: Shaban, S (Shaban, Seham)[ 1 ] ; Dessouky, S (Dessouky, Saad)[ 1 ] ; Badawi, A (Badawi, Abd El Fatah)[ 1 ] ; El Sabagh, A (El Sabagh, Ahmed)[ 1 ] ; Zahran, A (Zahran, Ahmed)[ 1 ] ; Mousa, M (Mousa, Mahmoud)[ 2 ]
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A new class of catalytic ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [BMIM][FeCl4] and its modified version, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate [BMIM][FeCl4], were systematically investigated. The modified ionic liquid [BMIM][FeCl4] was used to upgrade heavy crude oils. The effects of the reaction temperature and the amount of water on the upgrading of heavy crude oils were studied. The reduction of viscosity by [BMIM][FeCl4] is remarkable when the amount of water in the heavy crude oil is less than 8%. It was found that [BMIM][FeCl4]-based ionic liquids have the best effect on the heavy crude oil upgrading at the optimum temperature between 7090 degrees C. The results show that the viscosity reduction increased from 26.8 to 78.6% when the heavy crude oil was treated with [BMIM][FeCl4] at 90 degrees C. Also, the sulfur reduction increased to 20%. [BMIM][Cl] and [BMIM][FeCl4] were studied by physicochemical methods and catalytic activity measurements in upgrading of heavy oils.

Title: Regioselective synthesis, stereochemical structure, spectroscopic characterization and geometry optimization of dispiro[3h-indole-3, 2 '-pyrrolidine-3 ',3 ''-piperidines]
Authors: Shalaby, EM (Shalaby, ElSayed M.)[ 1 ] ; Girgis, AS (Girgis, Adel S.)[ 2 ] ; Moustafa, AM (Moustafa, Aisha M.)[ 1 ] ; ElShaabiny, AM (ElShaabiny, Aida M.)[ 1 ] ; El-Gendy, BEM (El-Gendy, Bahaa El-Dien M.)[ 3 ] ; Mabied, AF (Mabied, Ahmed F.)[ 1 ] ; Farag, ISA (Farag, I. S. Ahmed)[ 1 ]
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In this work, two dispiro[3H-indole-3,2'-pyrrolidine-3',3"-piperidines], C31H29C12N3O3 (4a) and C32H31 Cl2N3O3 (4b), have been synthesized and characterized by IR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, H-1 H-1 COSY, H-1 C-13 HSQC and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Both compounds were found to be crystallized in the triclinic space group P1 with Z= 2. Molecules of the crystalline structure of 4a are linked with intermolecular C-H center dot center dot center dot O and N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonding. Meanwhile, an intermolecular N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonding was recognized in the crystalline structure of 4b. Molecular mechanics force field (MM+), followed by either semiempirical AM1 or PM3, has been used to calculate the optimized geometrical parameters for the two compounds. The determined theoretical geometry parameters were found to be in a good agreement with the parameters obtained using X-ray studies. Moreover, the Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) of both compounds have been calculated at B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory exhibiting that, the most electrophilic site of the synthesized compounds, is the piperidone O3 atom however, the most nucleophilic site is the indolyl N2. Additionally, the Frontier Molecular Orbitals (FMO5) 4a and 4b have been determined by the same technique exhibiting large energy gap between HOMO and LUMO orbitals (3.40, 3.43 eV for 4a and 4b, respectively), inferring good stability, high excitation energies and large chemical hardness of these molecules. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Characteristics and genesis of shear zone-related gold mineralization in egypt: a case study from the um el tuyor mine, south eastern desert
Authors: Zoheir, BA (Zoheir, Basem A.)
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Although gold production from orogenic deposits in the Arabian-Nubian Shield is currently relatively minor, extensive alluvial and lode fields were exploited by the ancient Egyptians along the western side of the Red Sea in Upper Egypt and northern Sudan. In the Eastern Desert of Egypt, numerous but small gold deposits are generally related to auriferous quartz veins commonly associated with brittle-ductile shear zones cutting the Neoproterozoic crystalline basement rocks. The Um El Tuyor gold deposits in the extreme south of the Eastern Desert consists of a series of quartz and quartz-carbonate veins, lenses and veinlets. along foliation-concordant and foliation-discordant fault segments. The orebodies are mainly quartz-carbonate (quartz+Fe-dolomite/ankerite+muscovite/sericite+sulfides+/-gold/electrum) and laminated quartz veins (quartz+sericite/chlorite+/-graphite+/-free gold). Gold appears as microscopic blebs within arsenopyrite and pyrite or along fractures and grain boundaries in quartz veins and finely disseminated grains in mixtures of chlorite+/-sericite and carbonate in the wallrock. The bulk vein system is controlled by a NNW- to NW-trending brittle-ductile shear zone, cutting sequences of pelitic metasediments (garnet-biotite schist with intercalations of metamudstone and metagreywacke). Pervasive sericitization, carbonatization and chloritization overprint the metamorphic assemblages in rocks adjacent to the mineralized quartz veins. Temporal and lateral evolution of the ore fluid composition through interaction with the wallrock is inferred from the concentric alteration pattern. Stages of increasing hydrothermal alteration are identified as initial, intermediate and advanced. Hydrolysis reactions by a near add fluid, whose pH was buffered by the wallrock mineralogy, prevailed in the initial stage. The transitional stage involved intense carbonatization. sulfidation and redox reactions along with hydrolysis, During the advanced stage. intense sericitization consumed K+, released H+, and lowered the solution pH. Sulfidation continued, and unbuffered conditions were locally attained under high fluid/rock ratios. This collectively indicates that the ore fluids evolved progressively towards lower temperatures and sulfur fugacity with time. Clustered and intragranular trail-bound aqueous-carbonic [H2O-NaCl-CO2(+/-CH4+/-N-2)] inclusions are common in cores of the less deformed quartz crystals, whereas carbonic [CO2+/-CH4+/-N-2] and aqueous [low salinity H2O-NaCl] inclusions occur along intergranular and transgranular trails. The aqueous-carbonic and aqueous inclusions are common in the quartz-carbonate veins, whereas the carbonic inclusions are by far the dominant - or virtually the sole fluid inclusions - in most parts of the laminated quartz and quartz-carbonate veins. Clathrate melting temperatures indicate low fluid salinities (3 to 8 wt.% NaCl equiv.). Bulk densities and salinities of the aqueous-carbonic inclusions are high in the quartz-carbonate veins compared to those in the laminated quartz veins, further constraining interpretation of the field observations suggesting that the laminated quartz veins were formed through a fault-valve system and cyclic opening and annealing of reactivated quartz-carbonate reefs. Destabilization of gold-bisulfide complexes and lowering of gold solubility through interplay of fluid mixing ( +/-unmixing), cooling, changes in pH and fO(2) along with fluid-wallrock interaction brought about gold deposition. In the quartz-carbonate veins, in which the highest T-h (total) (336 degrees C) indicates a pressure range of 1.7 to 2.1 kbar using isochores for highest and lowest bulk density aqueous-carbonic inclusions. In the laminated quartz veins, gold deposition likely took place due to fluid mixing and fluid-wallrock interaction at

Title: Synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline ni1-xznxfe2o4 spinels via coprecipitation precursor
Authors: Maklad, MH (Maklad, M. H.)[ 1 ] ; Shash, NM (Shash, N. M.)[ 1 ] ; Abdelsalam, HK (Abdelsalam, H. K.)[ 1 ]
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Nanocrystalline Ni1-xZnxFe2O4 (0.0

Title: A novel synthetic route for magnesium aluminate (mgal2o4) nanoparticles using sol-gel auto combustion method and their photocatalytic properties
Authors: Nassar, MY (Nassar, Mostafa Y.)[ 1 ] ; Ahmed, IS (Ahmed, Ibrahim S.)[ 1 ] ; Samir, I (Samir, Ihab)[ 1 ]
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In this paper a novel and inexpensive route for the preparation of spinel magnesium aluminate nanopartides (MgAl2O4) is proposed. Magnesium aluminate photocatalyst was synthesized via sol-gel auto combustion method using oxalic acid, urea, and citric acid fuels at 350 degrees C. Subsequently, the burnt samples were calcined at different temperatures. The pure spinel MgAl2O4 with average crystallite size 27.7, 14.6 and 15.65 nm was obtained at 800 degrees C calcinations using the aforementioned fuels, respectively. The obtained samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope. The photo catalytic activity of MgAl2O4 product was studied by performing the decomposition of Reactive Red Me 4BL dye under UV illumination or sunlight irradiation. The dye considerably photocatalytically degraded by 90.0% and 95.45% under UV and sunlight irradiation, respectively, within ca. 5 h with pseudo first order rate constants of 5.85 x 10(-3) and 838 x 10(-3) min(-1), respectively. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).

Title: Physico-chemical, mechanical, microstructure and durability characteristics of alkali activated egyptian slag
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 1,2 ] ; Nassar, MY (Nassar, M. Y.)[ 1 ] ; El-Sayed, G (El-Sayed, G.)[ 1 ] ; Ibrahim, SM (Ibrahim, S.
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The aim of the present work is to study the characteristics of alkali activated Egyptian slag (GBFS) mixed with different contents of Na2O and SiO2. The rate of the kinetic of activation of GBFS has been studied by electrical conductivity, FTIR, DTA/TGA, XRD and SEM techniques. Electrical conductivity of alkali activated slag systems depends mainly on the binder composition, the activator type and its concentration. The increase in alkali activator contents affected the location and intensities of the conductivity maximum. As the hydration time increases the amount of hydration products increase, hence the chemically combined water and combined slag contents increase. SEM images showed the presence of (N,C)ASH gel with low porosity. With the increase of the content of Na2O leads to form a denser closed microstructure, leading to higher compressive strength values. The activated GBFS showed good durability in 5% MgSO4 or 5% MgCl2 solution, i.e., the compressive strength increased gradually with immersing time up to 180 days. The total chloride and total sulphate contents decrease with alkali activated GBFS due to the forming hydrated products that fill some available open pores, thereby inhibiting Cl- or SO42- ions penetration; this effect leads to a decreased accessibility of Cl- or SO42- ions towards the more dense with low capillary pore structure. It can be concluded that alkali activated GBFS are more durable in 5% MgSO4 or 5% MgCl2 than OPC pastes. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Cloud-point extraction, preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of trace quantities of copper in food, water and biological samples
Authors: Gouda, AA (Gouda, Ayman A.)[ 1 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 2 ]
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A new, simple and sensitive cloud point extraction procedure was presented for the preconcentration and determination of copper(II) ion in food, water and biological samples. The analyte was complexed with a new synthesized reagent, 2-amino-4-(m-tolylazo)pyridine-3-ol (ATAP) as a new complexing agent and Triton X-114 as the surfactant. After centrifugation, dilution of the surfactant-rich phase with 0.4 mL of ethanol acidified with 1.0 M HNO3 was performed after phase separation, and the copper contents were measured by spectrophotometry at lambda(max) 608 nm. The influence of analytical parameters including concentration of complexing agent, Triton X-114, pH, equilibration temperature and time, centrifuge rate and time were optimized. The analytical characteristics of the method (e.g. linear range, molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, optimum Ringbom concentration ranges limits of detection and quantification, preconcentration factor, and improvement factors) were obtained. Linearity was obeyed in the range of 4.0-115 ng mL(-1) of Cu(II) ion. The detection and quantification limits of the method were 1.20 and 3.94 ng mL(-1) of Cu(II) ion, respectively. The interference effect of some anions and cations was also tested. The method was applied for determination of copper in food, water and biological samples. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Title: Computational studies of molecular charge transfer complexes of heterocyclic 4-methylepyridine-2-azomethine-p-benzene derivatives with picric acid and m-dinitrobenzene
Authors: Al-Harbi, LM (Al-Harbi, L. M.)[ 1 ] ; El-Mossalamy, EH (El-Mossalamy, E. H.)[ 1,2 ] ; Obaid, AY (Obaid, A. Y.)[ 1 ] ; Al-Jedaani, AH (Al-Jedaani, A. H.)[ 1 ]
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Charge transfer complexes of substituted aryl Schiff bases as donors with picric acid and m-dinitrobenzene as acceptors were investigated by using computational analysis calculated by Configuration Interaction Singles Hartree-Fock (CIS-HF) at standard 6-31G* basis set and Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory (TD-DFT) levels of theory at standard 6-31G** basis set, infrared spectra, visible and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra are investigated. The optimized geometries and vibrational frequencies were evaluated. The energy and oscillator strength were calculated by Configuration Interaction Singles Hartree-Fock method (CIS-HF) and the Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory (TD-DFT) results. Electronic properties, such as HOMO and LUMO energies and band gaps of CTCs set, were studied by the Time-Dependent density functional theory with Becke-Lee-Young-Parr (B3LYP) composite exchange correlation functional and by Configuration Interaction Singles Hartree-Fock method (CIS-HF). The ionization potential I-p and electron affinity EA were calculated by PM3, HF and DFT methods. The columbic force was calculated theoretically by using (CIS-HF and TD-DFT) methods. This study confirms that the theoretical calculation of vibrational frequencies for (aryl Schiff bases - (m-dinitrobenzene and picric acid)) complexes are quite useful for the vibrational assignment and for predicting new vibrational frequencies. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Double layered plasmonic thin-film luminescent solar concentrators based on polycarbonate supports
Authors: El-Bashir, SM (El-Bashir, S. M.)[ 1,2 ] ; Barakat, FM (Barakat, F. M.)[ 1 ] ; AlSalhi, MS (AlSalhi, M. S.)[ 1 ]
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Plasrnonic thin-film luminescent solar concentrators (PTLSCs) were prepared by coating polycarbonate substrates with fluorescent PMMA films doped with coumarin dyes, nanogold and nanosilver molecules. The study of the absorption and fluorescence spectra showed a highly efficient light harvesting accompanied with metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) of PTLSC films. The photostability measurements showed a decrease of the dye photodegradation rates by increasing nanogold concentration. The indoor testing of PTLSCs showed that the enhancement of the output power conversion efficiency was 53.2%, 33.4% and 25.8% obtained for a-Si and mc-Si and c-Si PV cells respectively. The field performance of PTLSCs under diffused radiation was evaluated by outdoor testing in Riyadh city (KSA) during winter and spring seasons, the study revealed that the maximum solar electrical conversion is well correlated to the solar irradiance type at the location. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: Mwcnts decorated with mn0.8zn0.2fe2o4 nanoparticles for removal of crystal-violet dye from aqueous solutions
Authors: Gabal, MA (Gabal, M. A.)[ 1,3 ] ; Al-Harthy, EA (Al-Harthy, E. A.)[ 1,2 ] ; Al Angari, YM (Al Angari, Y. M.)[ 1 ] ; Salam, MA (Salam, M. Abdel)[ 1 ]
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In the present study, a simple, economic and environmentally friend method was utilized for the production of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) decorated with Mn0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 nanoparticles, synthesized via recycling process of Zn-C battery. The chemical composition and structure of the MWCNTs/Mn0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 composite were confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared measurements. The morphology as well as the decoration process was characterized using transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the MWCNTs are homogeneously decorated with cubic loosely agglomerated ferrite particles having mean crystallite size of 20 nm. An appropriate decoration mechanism was suggested and discussed. The hysteresis measurements exhibited reasonable magnetic characteristics for the obtained composite which facilitate its separation from their dispersed solution using normal magnet. Surface area measurement indicates relatively large specific surface enhances its use in adsorption process. The adsorption capacity of the entire composite was investigated using crystal violet dye. The effect of composite mass, contact time, solution pH and solution temperature on the adsorption process was investigated. The adsorption process was found to follow a pseudo-second-order model. The calculated adsorption thermodynamic parameters (Delta G, Delta H and Delta S) suggested the spontaneity of the thermodynamically favorable adsorption process. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Computing nullity and kernel vectors using nf-package: counterexamples
Authors: Youssef, NL (Youssef, Nabil L.)[ 1 ] ; Elgendi, SG (Elgendi, S. G.)[ 2 ]
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A computational technique for calculating nullity vectors and kernel vectors, using the new Finsler package, is introduced. As an application, three interesting counterexamples are given. The first counterexample shows that the two distributions Ker(R) and N-R do not coincide. The second shows that the nullity distribution N(P)o is not completely integrable. The third shows that the nullity distribution N-R is not a sub-distribution of the nullity distribution N(R)o. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Preparation, molecular modeling and biodistribution of tc-99m-phytochlorin complex
Authors: Motaleb, MA (Motaleb, Mohamed A.)[ 1 ] ; Nassar, MY (Nassar, Mostafa Y.)[ 2 ]
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Phytochlorin [21H, 23H-Porphine-7-propanoicacid, 3-carboxy-5-(carboxymethyl)13-ethenyl-18-ethyl-7, 8-dihydro-2,8,12,17-tetramethyl-,(7S,8S)] was labeled with Tc-99m and the factors affecting the labeling yield of Tc-99m-phytochlorin complex were studied in details. At pH 10, Tc-99m-phytochlorin complex was obtained with a high radiochemical yield of 98.4 +/- 0.6 % by adding Tc-99m to 100 mg phytochlorin in the presence of 75 mu g SnCl2 center dot 2H(2)O after 30 min reaction time. The molecular modeling study showed that the structure of Tc-99m-phytochlorin complex presents nearly linear HO-Tc-OH unit with an angle of 179.27 degrees and a coplanar Tc(N1N2N3N4) unit. Biodistribution of Tc-99m-phytochlorin complex in tumor bearing mice showed high T/NT ratio (T/NT = 3.65 at 90 min post injection). This preclinical study showed that Tc-99m-phytochlorin complex is a potential selective radiotracer for solid tumor imaging and afford it as a new radiopharmaceutical suitable to proceed through the clinical trials for tumor imaging.

Title: Behavior of composite cement pastes containing silica nano-particles at elevated temperature
Authors: Heikal, M (Heikal, Mohamed)[ 1,2 ] ; Ali, AI (Ali, A. I.)[ 1 ] ; Ismail, MN (Ismail, M. N.)[ 3 ] ; Ibrahim, SANS (Ibrahim, S. Awad N. S.)[ 4 ]
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The work aims to study the effect of substitution of nano-silica (NS) on the behavior of composite cement pastes containing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and blast-furnace slag (GBFS) exposed to elevated temperature up to 1000 degrees C. The composite cements are composed of different amount of NS up to 6 mass% as well as 30-60 mass% GBFS. The behavior of hydration kinetics were studied for 1, 3, 7, 28 and 90 days. The fire resistance of composite cement pastes was evaluated for specimens cured for 28 days after firing at 250, 450, 600, 800 and 1000 degrees C with rate of heating 3 degrees C/min for 3 h soaking time, then cooled to room temperature in the furnace switched off. The compressive strength of OPC-NS and/or GBFS cement pastes increase with NS content up to 4%. Increases of the contents of NS up to 6% the values of compressive strength of OPC-NS cement pastes decreases. Gel! space ratio of OPC-GBFS-NS containing 4 mass% NS shows an increase with the increase of GBFS up to 40 mass% (mix IV.2). The compressive strength of 111.2 and IV.2 show higher values at all thermally treatment temperature up to 1000 degrees C. The compressive strength of the superplasticized OPC-NS-GBFS composite shows a higher values up to 1000 degrees C in comparison with those pastes. It can be included that 30-60% GBFS in the presence of 4 mass% NS has a higher resistance to fire than all composite cement pastes. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Title: New finsler package
Authors: Youssef, NL (Youssef, Nabil L.)[ 1,2 ] ; Elgendi, SG (Elgendi, S. G.)[ 3 ]
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The book "Handbook of Finsler geometry" has been included with a CD containing an elegant Maple package, FINSLER, for calculations in Finsler geometry. Using this package, an example concerning a Finsler generalization of Einstein's vacuum field equations was treated. In this example, the calculation of the components of the hv-curvature of Cartan connection leads to wrong expressions. On the other hand, the FINSLER package works only in dimension four. We introduce a new Finsler package in which we fix the two problems and solve them. Moreover, we extend this package to compute not only the geometric objects associated with Cartan connection but also those associated with Berwald, Chern and Hashiguchi connections in any dimension. These improvements have been illustrated by a concrete example. Furthermore, the problem of simplifying tensor expressions is treated. This paper is intended to make calculations in Finsler geometry more easier and simpler.

Title: New potentiometric and spectrophotometric methods for the determination of dextromethorphan in pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Elmosallamy, MAF (Elmosallamy, Mohamed A. F.)[ 1,2 ] ; Amin, AS (Amin, Alaa S.)[ 3 ]
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New, simple and convenient potentiometric and spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DXM) in pharmaceutical preparations. The potentiometric technique is based on developing a potentiometric sensor incorporating the dextromethorphan tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl)borate ion-pair complex as an electroactive species in a plasticized PVC matrix membrane with o-nitophenyl octyl ether or dioctyl phthalate. The sensor shows a rapid near Nernstian response of over 1 x 10(-5) - 1 x 10(-2) mol L-1 dextromethorphan in the pH range of 3.0 - 9.0. The detection limit is 2 x 10(-6) mol L-1 DXM and the response time is instantaneous (2 s). The proposed spectrophotometric technique involves the reaction of DXM with eriochrom black T (EBT) to form an ion-associate complex. Solvent extraction is used to improve the selectivity of the method. The optimal extraction and reaction conditions have been studied, and the analytical characteristics of the method have been obtained. Linearity is obeyed in the range of 7.37 - 73.7 x 10(-5) mol L-1 DXM, and the detection limit of the method is 1.29 x 10(-5) mol L-1. The relative standard deviation (RSD) and relative error for six replicate measurements of 3.685 x 10(-4) mol L-1 are 0.672 and 0.855%, respectively. The interference effect of some excepients has also been tested. The drug contents in pharmaceutical preparations were successfully determined by the proposed methods by applying the standard-addition technique.

Title: Synthesis and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)-acid salt polymer electrolytes
Authors: Khalil, R (Khalil, Reda)[ 1,2 ] ; Sheha, E (Sheha, Eslam)[ 2 ] ; Hanafy, T (Hanafy, Taha)[ 1 ] ; Al-Hartomy, O (Al-Hartomy, Omar)[ 1 ]
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A solid acid membranes based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), magnesium bromide (MgBr2) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) were prepared by a solution casting method. The morphological, X-ray and electrical properties of the (PVA)((1-x))(MgBr2)(x/2)(H3PO4)(x/2) solid acid membranes where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 wt% were investigated. The PVA polymer electrolyte directly blended with acid salt shows improvement in ionic conductivity and transport properties. The maximum ionic conductivity value of PVA/acid salt polymer electrolyte with x = 0.40 wt% of acid salt is around 1.64 x 10(-4) S cm(-1) at 20 degrees C and the ionic transport number (t(+)) is in the range of 0.98-0.99. In this work, the data shows that the (PVA)((1-x)) (MgBr2)(x/2) (H3PO4)(x/2) solid acid salt membrane is promising for intermediate temperature phosphoric acid fuel cell applications.

Title: Hydrogen storage reactions on titanium decorated carbon nanocones theoretical study
Authors: Shalabi, AS (Shalabi, A. S.)[ 1 ] ; Taha, HO (Taha, H. O.)[ 2 ] ; Soliman, KA (Soliman, K. A.)[ 1 ] ; Aal, SA (Aal, S. Abeld)[ 1 ]
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Hydrogen storage reactions on Ti decorated carbon nanocones (CNC) are investigated by using the state of the art density functional theory calculations. The single Ti atom prefers to bind at the bridge site between two hexagonal rings, and can bind up to 6 hydrogen molecules with average adsorption energies of -1.73, -0.74, -0.57, -0.45, -0.42, and -0.35 eV per hydrogen molecule. No evidence for metal clustering in the ideal circumstances, and the hydrogen storage capacity is expected to be as large as 1434 wt%. Two types of interactions are recognized. While the interaction of 2H(2) with Ti-CNC is irreversible at 532 K, the interaction of 3H(2) with Ti-CNC is reversible at 392 K. Further characterizations of the former two reactions are considered in terms of projected densities of states, simulated infrared and proton magnetic resonance spectra, electrophilicity, and statistical thermodynamic stability. The free energy of the highest hydrogen storage capacity reaction between 6H(2) and Ti-CNC meets the ultimate targets of department of energy at (233.15 K) and (11.843 atm) with surface coverage (0.941) and (direct/inverse) rate constants ratio (1.35). (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Title: Effect of annealing and replacement of vanadium by cr(iii) and mn(iv) ions in (v2o5)0.8–(p2o5)0.2 glass on its magnetic susceptibility, electrical conductivity, and dielectric constant
Authors: El-Shaarawy, M. G.
In: IEEE Xplore
Title: Novel isatinoxime molybdenum and chromium complexes: synthesis, spectroscopic, and thermal characterization
Authors: Mostafa Y. Nassar; Attia S. Attia; S. Adawy; M.F. El-Shahat
In: Science Direct
Title: Variable fluid properties and thermal radiation effects on flow and heat transfer in micropolar fluid film past moving permeable infinite flat plate with slip velocity
Authors: M. A. A. Mahmoud; S. E. Waheed
In: SpringerLink
Title: Synthesis of 99mtc-oxybutynin for m3-receptor-mediated imaging of urinary bladder
Authors: M. E. Moustapha; M. A. Motaleb; I. T. Ibrahim
In: SpringerLink
Title: Photovoltaic properties of bulk heterojunction devices based on cui-pva as electron donor and pcbm and modified pcbm as electron acceptor
Authors: G. D. Sharma; T. S. Shanap; K. R. Patel; M. K. El-Mansy
In: SpringerLink
Title: Environmental studies on synodontis schall (bloch and schneider, 1801) (pisces: siluriformes: mochokidae) in the river nile at gizza sector, egypt: biological aspects and population dynamics.
Authors: El-Kasheif, Midhat A.; Authman, Mohammad M. N.; Ibrahim, Seham A
In: EBSCO: Academic Search Complete (EBSCOhost)
Title: Stigmasterol seed treatment alleviates the drastic effect of nacl and improves quality and yield in flax plants.
Authors: Hashem, H. A.; Bassuony, F. M.; Hassanein, R. A.; Baraka, D. M.
In: EBSCO: Academic Search Complete (EBSCOhost)
Title: Iterative methods for nonlinear matrix equations x + a⋆x−αa = i
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Title: Endoscopic sclerotherapy versus medical treatment for bleeding esophageal varices in patients with schistosomal liver disease
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Title: A new modification of the rojo method for solving symmetric circulant five-diagonal systems of linear equations
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Title: The theory of global fuzzy neighborhood structures (iii). fuzzy uniform structures
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Title: Colorimetric determination of amoxycillin in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: A.S. Amin, A.L. El-Ansary, Y.M. Issa
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Title: Novel spectrophotometric methods for determination of desloratidine in pharmaceutical formulations based on charge transfer reaction
Authors: Ayman A. Gouda; Mohamed Kassem
In: Science Direct
Title: Chromium speciation in environmental samples using a solid phase spectrophotometric method
Authors: Alaa S. Amin; Mohammed A. Kassem
In: Science Direct
Title: Modelling the hepatitis c with different types of virus genome.
Authors: Moneim IA. Mosa GA.; Moneim, I A. Mosa, G A.
In: Ovid: MEDLINE (MEDL)
Title: Electronic transport calculations for rough interfaces in al, cu, ag, and au.
Authors: Fadlallah MM. Schuster C. Schwingenschlogl U. Wunderlich T. Sanvito S.; Fadlallah, M M. Schuster, C. Schwingenschlogl, U. Wunderlich, T. Sanvito, S.
In: Ovid: MEDLINE (MEDL)
Title: Synthesis, solvatochromaticity and bioactivities of some transition metal complexes with 2-(r-benzylideneamino)-pyridin-3-ol schiff base derivatives.
Authors: Ahmed, I. S.; Kassem, M. A.
In: Ovid Global Health
Title: Utility of solid phase spectrophotometry for the modified determination of trace amounts of cadmium in food samples.
Authors: Amin, A. S.; Gouda, A. A.
In: CAB Abstracts
Title: Utility of solid-phase spectrophotometry to determine trace amounts of zinc in environmental and biological samples.
Authors: Amin AS.
In: PubMed
Title: Template-free hydrothermal derived cobalt oxide nanopowders: synthesis, characterization, and removal of organic dyes
Authors: Mostafa Y. Nassar; Ibrahim S. Ahmed
In: Science Direct
Title: Embolization for control of refractory posterior epistaxis
Authors: Yasser Haroon; Hala Aly Saleh; Mohamed Zakaria Al-Azzazy; Ahmed H. Abou-Issa
In: Science Direct
Title: Utility of solid phase spectrophotometry for the modified determination of trace amounts of cadmium in food samples
Authors: Alaa S. Amin; Ayman A. Gouda
In: Science Direct
Title: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of benzyl, alkyl and glycosyl [2-(arylamino)-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxo-cyclohex-1-ene]carbodithioates, as potential immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive agents
Authors: El Sayed H. El Ashry; Mohammad R. Amer; Omer M. Abdalla; Aly A. Aly; Samreen Soomro; Almas Jabeen; Sobia Ahsan Halim; M. Ahmed Mesaik; Zaheer Ul-Haq
In: Science Direct
Title: Pedots - pcnbms polymer - fullerene bhj solar cells: quantum mechanical calculations of photovoltaic and photophysical properties
Authors: A.S Shalabi; S. Abdel Aal; M.M. Assem
In: Science Direct
Title: Integrating geologic and satellite imagery data for high-resolution mapping and gold exploration targets in the south eastern desert, egypt
Authors: Basem Zoheir; Ashraf Emam
In: Science Direct
Title: Microchemistry and stable isotope systematics of gold mineralization in a gabbro–diorite complex, se egypt
Authors: Basem Ahmed Zoheir
In: Science Direct
Title: Structural and magnetic properties of nano-crystalline ni–zn ferrites synthesized using egg-white precursor
Authors: M.A. Gabal; Reda M. El-Shishtawy; Y.M. Al Angari
In: Science Direct
Title: Fuzzy t-neighbourhood spaces: part 3: t-separation axioms
Authors: Khaled A. Hashem; Nehad N. Morsi
In: ACM Digital Library
Title: A generalized weierstrass elliptic function expansion method for solving some nonlinear partial differential equations
Authors: E. A. Saied; Reda G. Abd El-Rahman; Marwa I. Ghonamy
In: ACM Digital Library
Title: Iterative methods for the extremal positive definite solution of the matrix equation x+a*x-αa=q
Authors: Zhen-yun Peng; Salah M. El-Sayed; Xiang-lin Zhang
In: ACM Digital Library
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