Sesame seedling and wilt diseases are considered of the most important diseases that affect yield and seed quality of sesame plants. Greenhouse experiments were carried out to study the effect of some resistance inducing agents i.e., 7 chemical inducers, 5 plant extracts and 10 Trichoderma isolates on disease incidence. The most effective agents and concentrations for controlling pre-emergence damping-off in soil infested with M. phaseolina were salicylic acid at 4 mM, bion at 4 mM, tanic acid at 8 mM, IBA at 400 ppm H2O2 at 4% and 4% KCl respectively. Chemical inducing agents on controlling wilt disease caused by F. oxysporum indicated that IAA and SA were the most effective inducers for decreasing pre-emergence damping-off, respectively, followed by Bion, IBA, KCl and H2O2. However, the most effective concentrations for controlling pre-emergence damping-off were IAA at 400 ppm and SA at 8 mM. The highest increase in survived plants was recorded at IAA at 400 ppm and SA at 8 mM, respectively compared to control treatment. The least effective treatments were H2O2 at 0.5% and Tanic acid 1 mM. Controlling seeding diseases caused by M. phaseolina by filtered and/or autoclaved watery plant extracts either by filteration or autoclaving significantly increased the percentage of healthy plants, especially filtered roselle extracts followed by filtered eucalyptus compared to control treatment. The autoclaved plant extracts increased the percentages of healthy plants, especially autoclaved roselle and autoclaved eucalyptus. All tested plant extracts, either sterilized by filteration or autoclaving i.e., roselle, eucalyptus, anise, cumin and thyme increased significantly the percentage of healthy survived plants. The highest percentage of healthy plants was recorded when filtered anise and filtered thyme extraces were used compared to control treatment. |
