Pigeon racing is a popular sport worldwide. Pigeons are under continuous selection to
improve speed, spatial orientation, and endurance during long flights. However, numerous
genetic and non-genetic factors affect survivability and homing ability, making such traits
difficult for breeders to control. Polymorphisms in the lactate dehydrogenase A gene
(LDHA) likely affects pigeon racing and homing abilities, due to its role in physical and
mental performance. Additionally, the adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1 gene
(ADCYAP1) has been associated with physiological and behavioral shifts that occur during
avian migration. In this study, we examined the association between LDHA and ADCYAP1
genotypes with pigeon survivability during racing competitions. Survivability was evaluated
through the estimated breeding value (EBV) of each individual’s total race distances during
its athletic life. ADCYAP1 was not polymorphic among our samples, while LDHA genotypes were significantly associated with deviated EBV values of longer total race distance;
individuals carrying the S+ genotype had higher EBV (i.e., greater survivability). Thus, the
LDHA locus might be useful for marker-assisted selection, empowering breeders and trainers to maximize pigeon quality. Moreover, data obtained from breeding will also improve
our understanding of the genetic mechanism underlying navigation and flight for wild
migrating bird species |
