Reduced portal blood flow due to hepatic parenchymal disease and
abdominal sepsis (ie, infectious or ascending thrombophlebitis) are
the major causes. Transient PVT is also being recognized with
increasing frequency, partly because of the great increase in the
use of ultrasonography in the evaluation of patients with abdominal
inflammation such as appendicitis.
Causes of PVT include the following: Idiopathic causes, secondary
to tumor, hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic
carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, trauma, iatrogenic umbilical vein
catheterization, abdominal sepsis, pan creatitis, perinatal omphalitis,
appendicitis, diverticulitis, ascending cholangitis, hypercoagulable
syndromes, estrogen therapy, severe dehydration, cirrhosis,
especially in the young, and portal hypertension. |
