Cardiac ipatients iundergoing inon-cardiac isurgery irequire ithorough ipreoperative iassessment. iSeveral isystems ihave ibeen ideveloped ito ievaluate ipatients' igeneral iand icardiac iconditions. iAdministering ianesthesia ito ipatients iwith ipreexisting icardiac idisease iis ian iinteresting ichallenge. iThere iis ino istandard irule ifor ianesthetic imanagement iof icardiac ipatients; imanagement iis itailored iaccording ito ithe ipatient's icondition iand ithe inature iof ithe icardiac idisease ias iwell ias ithe itype iand irisk iof iplanned isurgery. iCardiac icomplications iafter inon-cardiac isurgery idepend inot ionly ion ipatient ispecific irisk ifactors ibut ialso ion ithe itype iof isurgery iand ithe icircumstances iunder iwhich iit itakes iplace iand ianesthetic imanagement. iPostoperative iSurveillance iand iPain iManagement iplay ia imajor irole iin iimproving ithe iperioperative ioutcomes iand imust ibe iincluded iin ithe iperioperative iplan. iFuture iresearch ishould ibe idirected iat idetermining ithe ivalue iof iprophylactic imedical itherapy iversus imore iextensive idiagnostic itesting iand iinterventions. |
