Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic
autoimmune disorder affecting multiple organs, including
kidneys and cardiovascular system. Electrolyte disturbances,
especially the sodium -to-potassium (Na-to-K) ratios, are gaining
attention as indicators of disease activity and cardiovascular risk
in SLE individuals. However, there is a lack of extensive
research on the connection between Na-to-K ratios, disease
activity, and hypertension (HTN) in SLE. Objectives: This study
researched the association between urinary and serum Na-to-K
ratios, blood pressure, and disease activity in SLE cases with
HTN. Methodology: A case-control analysis was performed on
SLE cases with HTN, evaluating demographic, clinical,
laboratory,
and echocardiographic parameters. Multiple
regression and logistic regression analyses were done to identify
independent predictors of disease activity and cardiovascular
risk. Results: The study detected a significant association
between urinary Na-to-K ratio and disease activity, as measured
by SLE Disease Activity Index, C-reactive protein, and
erythrocyte sedimentation rate, with no significant association
between serum Na-to-K ratio and disease activity. Elevated
urinary Na-to-K ratio correlated with elevated inflammation and
disease activity. Additionally, HTN was more prevalent in cases
with elevated urinary Na-to-K ratios, indicating a possible link
between electrolyte imbalance and cardiovascular complications
in SLE. Conclusion: The urinary Na-to-K ratio could potentially
act as a non-invasive biomarker for tracking disease activity and
assessing cardiovascular risk in SLE. Future longitudinal and
Received:
Accepted:
multi-center investigations are recommended to further validate
these associations and explore potential interventional strategies
targeting electrolyte balance in SLE management. |
