Healthy male goats (n=20); aged from 8 months to 4 years and weighing from 15 to 25 kg were divided
into four equal groups. Group A (Control animals), group B (animals operated for induction of urine
retention via urethral legation), group C (animals operated for induction of urine retention via bilateral
ureteral legation) and group D (animals operated for induction of urine retention via unilateral ureteral
legation). Clinical observations, blood urea and creatinine analysis and ultrasonographic, radiographic
and computed tomography (CT) examinations were performed for each group before and after
induction of urine retention. Ultrasonographically, Hydronephrosis was classified into functional
dilatation (recorded slightly in the opposite non legated kidney in case of unilateral ureteral legation),
dilatation with stasis (as a result of urine stasis), mild hydronephrosis (as result of back pressure of the
urine on renal parenchyma) and severe-advanced hydronephrosis (due to advanced continuous back
pressure over long period). The four stages were recorded in case of unilateral ureteral legation while in
cases of urethral and bilateral ureteral legation severe advanced hydronephrosis wasn’t recorded. It was
found that, urine retention in group B and C was very dangerous which characterized by rapidly onset
and seriously developed renal and blood alterations with to threat the animal life. The present study
provide Thorough knowledge of the cross sectional anatomy aided to achieve accurate interpretation of
ultrasonography and CT, hence establish reference standards for normal urinary tract organ's size,
position and structure and compare it with the abnormal conditions.
KEY WORDS: Computed Tomography, Hydronephrosis, Ruminants, Ultrasonography |
