• Introduction: S100A4 is a marker that has been proposed to be implicated in tumorogensis, invasion and metastasis of many malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of S100A4 in benign and premalignant prostatic lesions in addition to prostate adenocarcinoma and to compare these results with the clinicopathological data trying to assess the role of S100A4 in prostate adenocarcinoma.
• Materials and methods: This study was carried out on 34 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma, 28 cases of PIN (12 cases were high grade and 16 were low grade PIN), in addition to 8 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia used as control. The cases were collected during the period from 1997 to 2009. The patients had not received radiation, hormonal therapy, or chemotherapy before surgery. Representative sections were stained immunohistochemically with antibodies against S100A4, and assessed semiquantitatively. The Gleason score and other clinicopathological data including five years survival were recorded and the relationship between the expression of S100A4 protein and those clinicopathological parameters was studied.
Results:
A highly statistically significant positive correlation was found between Gleason grade of the carcinoma and the presence of high grade PIN and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01). Also there is a statistically significant positive correlation between Gleason grade and presence of capsular invasion, perineural invasion and serum PSA level before resection of the tumor (P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference in the expression of S100A4 in different prostatic lesions was reported (P < 0.05).A highly significant correlation between S100A4 expression and grade of the carcinoma (P < 0.01). Also there is a significant correlation between S100A4 expression and presence of capsular invasion, L.N. metastasis, as well as serum PSA before resection of the tumor (P < 0.05).
• Conclusion: S100A4 might be involved in prostate development and progression. S100A4 may also play a role in tumor invasion and metastasis.
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