Background: Neonatal sepsis is considered as a complicated syndrome, which requires urgent intervention to
avoid the unfavorable outcome. Thus, biomarkers that can either distinguish sepsis early or predict sepsis outcome
are of critical need. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the clinical value of miR-187, miR-101,
and miR-21 on neonatal sepsis diagnosis and prediction of prognosis. Fifty neonates with sepsis, 30 neonates with
SIRS, and 20 healthy neonates were selected. Relative expression levels of the selected miRNAs were quantified by
qRT-PCR. Serum CRP and PCT were analyzed.
Results: miR-101 and miR-187 expression levels were elevated in septic neonates compared with SIRS neonates
and normal controls. The AUC of miR-101, miR-187, and PCT to predict sepsis diagnosis were 0.908, 789, and 0.856,
respectively. miR-21 expression levels in non-survivors were significantly higher than in survivors. The AUC of miR21, a score of neonatal acute physiology (SNAP-II), and PCT to detect the predictive mortality value were 0.793,
0.781, and 0.635, respectively. Survival analysis revealed that high miR-21 expression levels were related to low
survival rates. miR-21 and SNAP II were independent risk factors for sepsis mortality, and the AUC of the two
combined variables’ predictive probabilities was 0.926 and yielded a specificity of 91.2% and a sensitivity of 81.3%,
which was higher than that of either miR-21 or SNAP II.
Conclusion: miR-101 might function as a hopeful diagnostic biomarker for neonatal sepsis. Additionally, miR-21
gained attention to be a valuable predictor for sepsis prognosis especially if combined with SNAP II.
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