Worldwide, the frequency of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (CIBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and
Crohn's disease (CD) increased rapidly through the last century making their histopathological diagnosis daily task for all
pathologists. The accurate histopathological diagnosis of UC and CD requires an intimate correlations between the clinical,
laboratory and endoscopic findings in conjunction to the suitable obtained biopsy material, as there are several diagnostic
confusions between CIBD and non CIBD forms. The aim of this study was to focus and analyze certain practically selected
histopathological features for the diagnosis of UC and CD including crypt architectural abnormalities, inflammation and an
associated dysplasia or adenocarcinoma. This present study was performed on 100 specimens of tissue samples taken from
small and large bowel including 3 ileocecal resections which were done for suspected an IBD. All the tissue samples received
fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin fixative solution, and paraffin-embedded tissue sections were prepared and examined
microscopically for the histopathological features which distinguishing CIBD from non CIBD colitis. This study revealed 95
cases CIBD, among them 55 cases CD and 40 cases were UC, whereas the remaining 5 cases were non CIBD colitis. This
study concluded that the diagnosis of IBD needs interdepartmental correlations to avoid under- or over-diagnosis. As well as
the accurate discrimination of CIBD from non CIBD forms, differentiate UC from CD, and to identify any dysplastic lesions
which is the backbone for therapeutic and prognostic strategies.
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