This work was performed to study the effects of two drugs (cefepime and levofloxacin on the liver and kidney functions of normal albino rats, moreover, a histopathological examination of kidney and liver was done. In this study, fourty five male albino rats (120-180 gm each) were divided into three groups 15 rats served as control, 15 rats treated daily with cefepime (0.5 mg/rat) intraperitoneally (IP), 15 rats treated daily with levofloxacin (0.25 mg/rat) intraperitoneally (IP). After 14 days from drugs administration, 10 rats from each group were used for examination. Blood samples were collected from the retrobulbar plexus and analysed for determination of total serum bilirubin, serum aspartate amino transferase (AST), serum alanine amino transferase (ALT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum urea and creatinine. After obtaining the blood samples, the animals were sacrificed and their livers and kidneys were removed and examined by electron-microscope for any histopathological changes. Five rats from each treated group were left without treatment for 7 days, then all the above investigations were carried out again. The results of this study as regards the liver functions showed that there was a significant increase in AST. ALT and ALP in both cefepime and levofloxacin treated groups. The increase induced by levofloxacin was
more. There was insignificant change In the serum bilirubin in both treated groups as compared with control group. Concerning the renal functions, there was a significant increase in serum urea and creatinine in levofloxacin treated group but this increase was insignificant in cefepime treated group. The changes observed in the parameters measured were found to be transient and reversible as evidenced by return of the values to the control level alter stoppage of treatment. Histopathological results of liver and kidney showed no significant change which correlate with the reversibility of biochemical results. Therefore, it could be concluded that therapy with the above two drugs must be controlled by regular assessment of the liver and renal functions tests even in asymptomatic patients.
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