In order to study the effect of phosphorus fertilization rates and microelements spraying treatments on plant characteristics and yield traits as well as some seed chemical properties of faba bean varieties, an experiment was conducted in two successive growing seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 in the Farm of Agricultural Research and the Experimental Center of Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor, (Toukh Directorate, Kalyubia Governorate) Benha Univ. Egypt. The experimental design was split-split plot in RCBD in three replications. Phosphorus fertilizer was considered as the main plot in three rates (0, 15 and 30 kg P2O5/fed). Four microelements spraying treatments [Tap water (control), Zn, Mn and mixed of Zn + Mn] were arranged in the sub plot. The sub-sub plots were occupied with three faba bean varieties (Giza 716, Nubaria 3 and Sakha 4). The obtained results could be outlined as following: Increasing phosphorus fertilizer rate from 0 to 30 kg P2O5/fed induced significantly increased most vegetative growth, yield attributes, yield and seed chemical properties of faba bean under study except, mid physiological maturity, height to 1st pod and phosphorus use efficiency were significantly decreased with rising phosphorus rates during the both seasons. The foliar spray by Zn and Mn as a single or in combination had significant effect on most faba bean traits under study compared with no microelements added during the both seasons. Faba bean plant treated with microelements foliar spray using Zn in combination with Mn was the most effective treatment for most faba bean characteristics in the both seasons. Mean performances of the investigated faba bean varieties for most faba bean traits under study were significant different during the both seasons. Faba bean variety Sakha 4 had higher values of chlorophyll content index at 85 DAS, plant height, height to 1st pod, No. of branches/plant, plant weight, No. of pods/plant, No. of seeds/plant, seed yield/plant, biological yield/fed, seed yield/fed, straw yield/fed, phosphors use efficiency, seed N content and seed protein yield/fed in the both seasons. While, Nubaria 3 variety significantly gave the maximum mean values in mid physiological maturity, harvest index and 100-seed weight in the both seasons, respectively. The first order interactions between treatments 30 kg P2O5/fed × Zn + Mn, 30 kg P2O5/fed × Sakha 4 and Zn + Mn × Sakha 4 as well as the second order interaction between treatments 30 kg P2O5/fed × Zn + Mn × Sakha 4 were significantly recorded the maximum seed yield/plant, biological yield/fed, seed yield/fed and straw yield/fed in the both seasons. Therefore, this study recommends that Sakha 4 variety treated by 30 P2O5/fed and mixed spraying with Zn 0.3 % + Mn 0.3 % in order to improve the production of faba bean under the condition of Toukh Directorate, Kalyubia Governorate, Egypt. |
