Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) is an essential annual plant, which is characterized by the treatment of some diseases. The aerial parts contain aromatic volatile oils and non-volatile sesquiterpenes used in the pharmacopoeia. Artemisinin is the most important sesquiterpene and its derivatives are used as a remedy against malaria. This investigation was carried out in the Ornamental Farm of the Hort. Dept., Fac. of Agric, Benha Univ. Egypt, during the two sequent seasons of 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 to study the effect of planting distances and applying fertilization on vegetative growth, chemical constituents and oil of Artemisia annua (L) plant. Results showed, in both cuts and seasons that the maximum values of vegetative growth and root parameters were obtained from a planting distances (40*40 cm) and fertilization with 100% organic fertilizers. Besides, the combination between planting distances and fertilization treatments enhanced the chemical compositions of the plant, especially with a ( 40*40 cm) planting distance and the combination of 100% of organic compost (15m3/Fed.) and the full and half doses of the chemical fertilizers (F3) in the two cuts at both seasons. Gc-MS analysis of of Artemisia annua L.On the other hand, essential oil revealed the presence of 23 components which were identified. The major components were champhore, cis-sabinene hydrate, trans β-ocimene, artemisia ketone, borneol, trans-caryophyllene, myrtenal and β- Selinene.Furthermore, the highest value of artemisinin percentage (1.4 %) was scored by (60*60 ) with 50% organic compost (7.5m3per/Fed.) and 50% from the recommended chemical fertilizers (F2). Consequently, it is preferable to apply the planting distance of ( 40*40 cm) and apply the F3 fertilizers combination for enhancing all characteristics of the artemisia plant. |
