A novel non-local model for studying the performance of solar still system integrated with a photovoltaic panel (PV) using hybrid nanofluid and preheating salty water is
presented. The new model is simulated using two different fractional operators: Caputo—
Fabrizio and Riemann–Liouville fractional derivatives. The performance of the solar still
and photovoltaic panel by using hybrid nanofluid of aluminum oxide and copper oxide
(Al2O3/CuO) and using 60%, 50%, and 40% of preheating salty water is also studied. The
preheating salty water is implemented as a cooler for the solar cell panel by passing it on the
front, back, and both front and back surfaces of the panel before entering the still basin. The
obtained results from the two fractional models are compared with the results of a classical
model and then compared to data obtained from a real experiment under a meteorological
climate condition of Alexandria city, Egypt. The results reveal that the best agreement with
the experimental data is obtained based on using Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative
with an error of 3.59% unlike the percentage of error which reached 18.9% after using the
classical derivative. The findings show that the highest value of the daily still productivity
of 6.4099 kg/m2.day is achieved at 60% saline water preheating on the front surface of the
PV panel. This value rises to 7.126 kg/m2.day after adding the hybrid nanoparticles (HN)
achieving an increase of 10% compared with the system without HN. Moreover, the daily
average power of the PV panel reaches 1106.84 W/m2 after using the HN, compared with
988.27 W/m2 without using HN. The maximum average daily energy and exergy efficiencies also occur at 60% of preheating water at the PV front surface with values of 54.61% and
15.3%, respectively, achieving an increase of nearly 10% after using the HN. |
