The aim of this study was to estimate the possible synergetic effects of the two levels of
dietary dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) from different sources (US-imported
and native) on the growth, health status,muscle texture, andmuscle growth-related gene
expression of juvenile grass carp. Four treatments of fish were fed with 4 isonitrogenous
diets, namely, native DDGS20, native DDGS30, US-imported DDGS20, and US-imported
DDGS30 for 60 days. The US-imported DDGS30 group showed the better growth
and feed efficiency. Additionally, we observed a significant increase in hepatopancreatic
total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in native DDGS
groups. Moreover, raw muscle collagen increases considerably in the US-imported
DDGS30 compared with the native DDGS30 group. In comparison with the native DDGS
groups, the US-imported DDGS groups showed significantly decrease in all textural
properties and fiber density, while increased fiber diameter. Dietary native DDGS inclusion
significantly showed the upregulation of myog, myhc, and fgf6a expression in muscle,
while the downregulation of the expression of myod and myf5. Overall, US-imported
DDGS30 had a beneficial influence on growth via regulating genes involved inmyogenesis
and hypertrophy, the formation of collagen, but had negative impacts on antioxidant
capacity and cooked muscle texture. |
