Key words: Myocardial infarction, Mesenchymal stem cells, Selenium.
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Among cardiovascular diseases, myocardial infarction (MI) leads to irreversible damage to the myocardium and progressive loss of function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation has been proved as a new promising therapeutic approach for CVDs. Antioxidants can improve the microenvironment of the heart after MI.
Aim of the work: This work performed to show whether the selenium (antioxidant) improve the stem cell therapeutic effect on myocardial infarction or not?
Material and methods: 60 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Control group (I): 10 rats treated with normal saline. Affected group (II): 20 rats treated with isoproterenol (85 mg/kg) dissolved in normal saline and given s.c. daily for 2 days. Selenium group (III):10 rats treated with ISO for 2 days as group II, then after1 week from last dose of ISO received selenium (0.1mg/kg b. w/day) for 2 weeks. Stem cell group (IV): 10 rats treated with ISO for 2 days as group II, then after 1 week from the last dose of ISO received mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) intravenously. Stem cell and selenium group (V):10 Rats treated with isoproterenol and selenium as group III, and after the last dose of selenium they injected with the MSCs intravenously (i.v.). The animals were scarified by over dose of intravenous injection of Phenobarbital then heart specimens (from the base of the left ventricle) were taken from rats of all groups.
Results: ISO treated group: showed necrosis with disorganized, disturbed and widely separated muscle fibers with cytoplasmic vaculation, pyknosis of many cardiac myocytes, marked collagen fibers accumulation, with weak ki67 immune reactivity.The stem cell and selsnium group (group V) showed better results and improved cardiac structure compared to selenium group (group III) and stem cell group (group IV).
Conclusion: BM-derived MSCs can treat cardiac fibrosis, but selenium antioxidant can give better results when given with stem cells.
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