Study was carried out at experimental farm, faculty of Agriculture Moshtohor during 2000 and 2001seasons. Seeds of papaya Solo cultivar were soaked in colchicine at 0.5 & 1%, ethyl methyldisulfonate (EMS) at 100& 200 ppm, Ethyephone (CEPA) at 250& 500 ppm and water(control) or irradiation seeds with gamma irradiation at 10&12 Gray.
Results obtained could summarize as following: -
The treatments of EMS at 200ppm followed by 100 ppm as seed- soaking material gave the highest parameters of germination followed by gamma irradiation at 12 Gray.
The vigorous vegetative growth was obtained with treatment of water (control) except, stem diameter, No. of leaves/ plant and No. of branches/ plant the treatments of EMS at 200 ppm followed by 100 ppm and gamma irradiation at 12 Gray gave the highest values in this respect.
The most important results of this study was that No. of female plants significantly exceeded the male ones in case of EMS at 200 ppm followed by 100 ppm and gamma irradiation at 12 Gray treatments. As for physical and chemical fruit quality,the treatment of EMS at 200 ppm gave highest values for different quality characteristics.
Cytological study includes chromosome karyotyping of Carica papaya of the family caricaceae which has the chromosome basic number (x= 9), 2n= 18 in the mitotic cell. These chromosomes were metacentric, sub metacentric, acrocentric and sub acrocentric.
The 1st until 8th were metacentric chromosome and the arm ratio is ranged from 1.0 to 1.3, while the 9th,10 th, 17th and 18th were sub metacentric chromosomes.On the other hand the 11th till 14th are sub telocentreic family. Finally the 15th &16th chromosomes were telocentreic with highly arm ratio (20.7 and 24.8).
For the anatomical aspects, several alterations were existed with different applied treatments
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