Acute renal failure produced by ischemia and reperfusion is a clinical and experimental syndrome characterized by a major reduction in glomerular filtration rate, extensive tubular damage, tubular cell necrosis, glomerular injury, and signs of tubular obstruction with cellular debris.
Much of tubular and glomerular dysfunction has been occurred during the reperfusion period following ischemia, during which the generation of oxygen free radicals contributes to reperfusion injury.
The present study was designed to examine whether resveratrol, as potent antioxidant, protects against renal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury.
This work was performed on four animal group models (Newzeland white rabbits NZW).
The 1st group: control group with right nephrectomy and the left kidney and renal pedicle was exposed . (5 rabbits)
The 2nd group: was exposed to 40min-ischemia. (5 rabbits)
The 3rd group: was subdivided into two subgroups: IIIa and III b (5 in each).
One was exposed to 40 min-ischemia followed by 60 min-reperfusion. And the other was exposed to 40 min-ischemia followed by 24 hours reperfusion.
The 4th group: also was subdivided into two subgroups IVa and IVb treated with intra –peritoneal injection of single dose of resveratrol group 4mg/kg body weight in 10%ethanol (5 in each).
Sub-group IVa was exposed to 40 min-ischemia followed by 60 min-reperfusion. And the sub-group IVb exposed to 40 min-ischemia followed by 24 hours reperfusion.
All animals were anesthetized with an intra-peritoneal injection of pentobarbital (50mg/kg body weight), and then both kidneys were exposed via incisions in the right and left flanks.
In the 2nd group, the left renal pedicle was occluded with a microvascular clip for 40min. after right nephrectomy.
In the ischemia/ reperfusion group and resveratrol group, the left renal pedicle was occluded with a microvascular clip for 40min after right nephrectomy and then the left kidney was reperfused.
The left kidney was obtained after time of reperfusion for histological (H & E) & electron microscopic study.
In the ischemia/ reperfusion group, the interstitial hemorrhage, dilated tubuli and prominent glomerular degeneration followed by atrophy revealed that I/R caused a severe glomerular, tubular and interstitial damage. Tubular dilatation was present throughout the tissue.
In the RVT-treated I/R group, there was a regeneration in all features of the injury. Reduced tubular dilatation, no interstitial hemorrhage and glomerular regeneration.
Conclusion of the present study suggested that resveratrol exerts renoprotective effects via its antioxidant activities.
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