Aims: Cyanobacteria are immense sources of several pharmacological
active compounds such as flavonoids and carotenoids with anti-inflammatory
and antioxidant activity. The potential therapeutic effect of two novel
cyanobacterial isolates, Cronbergia siamensis (KY296358.1) and Sphaerospermopsis aphanizomenoides (KU212886.1), against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-
induced oxidative stress damage in the rat model was determined in this study.
Methods and Results: In vitro antioxidant activity of the two studied isolates
was evaluated by radical scavenging assay and ferric reducing power. The
possible prophylactic activity of S. aphanizomenoides (KU212886.1) against
H2O2-induced oxidative stress in the rat model was assessed in vivo. Serum
alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase were measured for the liver
functions in redox rats. Liver malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione, oxidized
glutathione, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were
assessed as oxidative stress markers. The effect of S. aphanizomenoides on the
transcripts level of superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and catalase (CAT) genes
in the rat’s liver tissues was measured using qRT-PCR. Oral administration of
S. aphanizomenoides extract in low and high doses (100, 200 mg kg1 b.w)
resulted in significant improvement in biochemical parameters of liver
functions and oxidative stress markers. Also, the endogenous antioxidant
defence enzymes and the expression of their related genes (Mn/SOD, CAT)
were upregulated. Immunohistochemistry of Caspase-3, an apoptotic marker,
showed potent amelioration in the liver tissues.
Conclusions: The novel isolate S. aphanizomenoides proved in vitro and in vivo
antioxidant activity against redox rat model.
Significance and Impact of the Study: This isolate provides a new source of
pharmacological compounds with great importance in pharmacological and
medical fields. |
