Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular Disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The prevalence
of coronary artery disease in developing countries is approximately 11%. This study aimed to
assess demographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, coronary catheterization
findings, and management strategies at Nasr City Health Insurance Hospital.
Methods: This observational cross-sectional single-center study included 500 patients
undergoing coronary catheterization. All patients underwent 12-lead electrocardiography,
echocardiography.
Results: Significant gender- and age-related differences were identified. Females were older
and had higher BMI, with greater prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and
dyslipidemia (P < 0.05), whereas smoking was more common among males. Females more
frequently presented with dyspnea and had lower hemoglobin, TLC, and platelet counts. Males
showed more severe cardiac findings, including lower ejection fraction, higher regional wall
motion abnormalities, and more extensive coronary disease with greater multivessel
involvement, left main disease, chronic total occlusion, and complex lesions (P < 0.05–0.001).
Advancing age was associated with increased hypertension, structural cardiac abnormalities,
valvular disease, diastolic dysfunction, and more extensive coronary involvement, particularly
multivessel disease (P < 0.05–0.001).
Conclusions: Patients undergoing coronary catheterization had a high burden of
cardiovascular risk factors and predominantly multivessel coronary disease. Disease severity
was greater among males and older patients, while PCI was performed safely. |
