A nurse by profession has opportunities to establish policies and procedures, design nursing practices, and educate staff to help avoid blood transfusion errors. Aim: To evaluate the effect of teaching safety procedure to acquire nurses, best practice for patient receiving blood transfusion. Hypotheses: The mean score of knowledge, practice and attitude post educational program of nurses providing care for patients during blood transfusion procedure will be higher than pre program. Design: A quasi experimental design was used to conduct this study. Setting: This study was carried out at three critical units (ICU, Hematological unit & Neurosurgery). Affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospitals. Sample: A purposive sample included all nurses working at the previously mentioned settings. Tools: A- Self administered interviewing questionnaire involved five tools: 1- nurse's demographic data, 2- Blood transfusion questionnaire: To assess the level of nurse's knowledge pre/post program and follow-up period. 3 - Likert questionnaire: To assess level of nurse's attitude towards safety of patient care pre/post program. 4- Nurse's barrier questionnaire: To assess nurse's barriers toward her work pre/post program. 5- Nurses' opinionair: To assess nurse's opinions toward the educational program at the end of follow-up period .B - Blood transfusion observation checklist: To assess the level of nurse's practices pre/post program and during follow up-period. Results: That there were statistically significant differences among, studied nurses in different settings of their work as regards satisfactory level of their knowledge and competent level of their practice pre/post program and during follow up-period. There were positive correlations found between total nurses' knowledge and practices. There were changes recorded in the work barriers among the studied nurses pre/post program. There were statistically significant differences as regards nurses' attitude towards patient safety pre/post program. There were differences recorded among the studied nurses' opinions as regards patient safety. Conclusion: After conduction of the present study, results revealed nurses' knowledge and practices about safety procedure of patient receiving blood transfusion were increasing significantly after the educational program more than before its implementation. Meanwhile, nurses' barriers as regards their work were decreasing significantly after education program versus before its application. As well, nurses' attitude was having statistically significant improvement post educational program .A positive feedback was recorded as regards nurses' opinions towards educational program at the end of follow up-period. Recommendation: This study revealed inadequate practices that nurses and hospitals should strive to change to provide a safe and more effective care that would, hopefully, minimize the risks and maximize the benefits of blood transfusion.
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