Electric and hybrid vehicles have become a promising solution to minimize the environmental impact related to traditional vehicles. However, to provide high power output, energy density, and to reduce charging time, these vehicles require an efficient and reliable energy storage system. Due to their high energy and power density, quick charging capabilities as well as their long cycle life, lithium-ion batteries have attracted considerable attention. Despite their advantages, safety concerns arise from the thermal energy generated during the operation process, which may cause combustion and explosions of the electric car battery system. To address this issue, a study was carried out on a three-dimensional battery pack containing 36 lithium-ion batteries. The study focused on evaluating how various parameters affect battery performance while using air cooling, specifically the impact of incorporating an Aluminum casing, employing various air inlet and outlet designs, utilizing a staggered array configuration, and varying air flow velocities and discharge rates. The results indicated that as the velocity of the air flow increased from 0.1ms–1 to value of 1ms–1, the maximum temperature within the Battery module decreased from 32.740˚C to 32.012˚C while discharging at a 4C rate. Furthermore, the implementation of air flow at a velocity of 1 m/s resulted in a significant decrease of 23% in the maximum temperature, when compared to pure natural convection cooling study. However, making modifications to the battery pack's configuration and air inlet and outlet designs had minimal impact on the cooling system. |
