here secondary flow circulation intensifies bed erosion. Despite extensive previous experimental investigations, available
findings remain fragmented across different hydraulic, sediment, and geometric conditions, limiting the generalization of scour
prediction approaches. This study presents a quantitative review and analytical synthesis of previously published scour data in
straight and curved channels and develops an integrated predictive framework incorporating both curvature amplification and piershape efficiency.Analysis of compiled datasets shows that channel curvature increases equilibrium scour depth by 23–42%, with an
average amplification factor of 1.36 relative to straight-channel conditions. Regression results indicate that scour depth scales with
discharge according to a near-quadratic relationship,
–
, in both channel types, confirming that curvature amplifies scour
magnitude without altering hydraulic scaling behavior.Pier geometry significantly affects vortex formation and scour intensity.
Streamlined configurations reduce equilibrium scour depth by 30–60% compared with rectangular piers. These reductions are
generalized through a shape efficiency factor ranging from 0.40 to 0.70, enabling integration into predictive models. Sensitivity
analysis of common scour equations identifies pier width as the dominant geometric parameter, exerting 30–35% greater influence
than flow depth.An integrated curvature–shape modified formulation is proposed, providing a practical framework for scour
prediction and bridge foundation assessment in both straight and curved channels. |
