Mosquitoes are one of the most lethal animals in the world and transmit many dangerous human
pathogens, causing millions of deaths each year. The search for modern and better mosquito
control is an endless effort almost all over the world. Phytochemicals are promising biological
agents for getting rid of pests that are harmful to human and animal health and crops, they are
inexpensive, biodegradable, and have diverse modes of action. The efficacy of acetone and hexane
leaf extracts of Acacia nilotica, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and Salix safsafs was investigated against
the 2nd and 4th larvae and pupae of two vectors, Culex pipiens and Aedes aegypti. The results
showed the obvious effect of A. nilotica extract on the mortality of mosquito larvae, the reduction
of female eggs, and a higher mortality rate in sunlight than in shadow (fluorescein). Data from
field trials revealed that A. nilotica extracts had the greatest effect on larval reduction, reaching
89.8% in 24 h and having a 12-day stability. Polyethylene glycol, sesquiterpenes, and fatty acids
were the most common compounds found in A. nilotica, E. camaldulensis, and S. safsafs, respectively.
The acacia plant had promising larvicidal activity, safe and effective alternative to
chemical insecticides. |
