Botanical insecticides are promising pest control agents. This research investigated the novel
pesticidal efficacy of Araucaria heterophylla and Commiphora molmol extracts against four ectoparasites
through treated envelopes. Seven days post-treatment (PT) with 25 mg/mL of C. molmol and
A. heterophylla, complete mortality of the camel tick, Hyalomma dromedarii and cattle tick, Rhipicephalus
(Boophilus) annulatus were reached. Against H. dromedarii, the median lethal concentrations (LC50s) of
the methanol extracts were 1.13 and 1.04 mg/mL and those of the hexane extracts were 1.47 and 1.38
mg/mL, respectively. The LC50 values of methanol and hexane extracts against R. annulatus were 1.09
and 1.41 plus 1.55 and 1.08 mg/mL, respectively. Seven days PT with 12.5 mg/mL, extracts completely
controlled Haematopinus eurysternus and Hippobosca maculata; LC50 of Ha. eurysternus were 0.56 and
0.62 mg/mL for methanol extracts and 0.55 and 1.00 mg/mL for hexane extracts, respectively, whereas
those of Hi. maculata were 0.67 and 0.78 mg/mL for methanol extract and 0.68 and 0.32 mg/mL,
respectively, for hexane extracts. C. molmol extracts contained sesquiterpene, fatty acid esters and
phenols, whereas those of A. heterophylla possessed monoterpene, sesquiterpene, terpene alcohols,
fatty acid, and phenols. Consequently, methanol extracts of C. molmol and A. heterophylla were
recommended as ecofriendly pesticides. |
