Research Summary:
The referee in volleyball is considered one of the strong pillars in raising the level of volleyball activity, and it is the judge who manages the match with his authority and issues rulings on any mistake he sees at any time of the match, as he performs his role in difficult circumstances.
Psychological hardness is nowadays one of the most important topics in sports psychology, which includes training in ways to face psychological pressures, directing stress levels, maintaining calm, and a high level of self-confidence in stressful moments before and during matches. It also represents the struggle for victory and the use of athletic abilities. In controlling the reaction and experiences to achieve the desired goal.
Research objective:
This research aims to identify "the psychological rigidity of volleyball rulers" by:
1- Designing a measure of the psychological hardness of volleyball rulers under consideration.
2- Identify the level of psychological hardness of volleyball sports rulers according to the degrees of referees enrolled in them in the Egyptian Volleyball Federation.
Recommendations
Recommendations addressed to the Egyptian Volleyball Federation:
1- Attention to the application of the proposed psychological hardness scale to referees in referees ’promotions courses.
2- Attention to educating referees about the role played by sports psychology in raising the level of performance.
3- Carrying out more research in the field of psychological preparation for referees in volleyball and various sporting activities due to the high level of arbitration.
4- Attention to the preparation and psychological rehabilitation programs for volleyball rulers, especially the second and third degree
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