Both Japanese and Arabic are languages that have passive voices, but they differ not only in grammar but also in function and usage.
In order to achieve research objectives, First, a questionnaire was conducted on Egyptian learners who study Japanese to understand how they use the passive voice in Japanese. The results showed that in most cases, the passive voice was not used where it should be used in Japanese.
Secondly, Analyzing the actual use of the passive voice in Japanese literature and its Arabic translation, and how the passive voice in Japanese is expressed when translated into Arabic. As a result it was found that when comparing the original Japanese texts collected from Japanese novels with its Arabic translations, there were many examples where the Japanese sentence was expressed in a passive voice, but the same meaning was expressed in an active sentence in Arabic. The change in the translation of passive sentences into active sentences is due to differences between Japanese and Arabic. There is a large difference between Japanese and Arabic in the frequency and circumstances of passive sentence use. In other words, passive sentences are used frequently in Japanese. In contrast, active sentences are preferred in Arabic, and passive sentences are not used very often.
However, detailed comparative research between the two languages is necessary to determine the specific differences. There are various studies on passive sentences in Japanese, but passive sentences in both languages have not yet been thoroughly researched comprehensively. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to compare passive sentences in Japanese and Arabic, and clarify the classification of passive sentences in both languages and the similarities and differences.
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