Erwinia amylovora, the primary cause of fire blight, is thought to be one of the most difficult crop
diseases to eradicate. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of essential sesame oil (SO) and silver
nanoparticle synthesized by sesame oil SO-AgNPs against E. amylovora. Using GC-MS, it was found that
essential sesame oil contains the main component of the oil was sesamin, asarninin, heptane, c-Sitosterol,
anethol, and trimethyl -6- ((s) - 4-methylcyclohexan – 3 – en-1-yl)) tetrahydro -2H-pyran. The diluted sesame
oil (SO) was used as a reducing agent in synthesis of AgNPs in aqueous solution. By using UV-Visible
spectrophotometry (UV–Vis), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), High Resolution Transmission Electron
Microscopy (HRTEM), and Fourier Transformer InfraRed (FTIR) analysis, the produced Ag NPs were
studied. The average particle size of the spherical Ag NPs was determined to be 54.98 nm using data from
HRTEM and DLS. SO-Ag NPs (20 µg/ml) showed a promising antibacterial against E. amylovora, producing
a 22.9 mm Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) against E. amylovora, followed by SO-Ag NPs (10 ug/ml) that gave 18.2
mm ZOI., compared to gentamicin that produced 13.2 mm ZOI. The most effective inducers were SO-Ag NPs
at 10 ug/ml, which decreased the percentage of disease severity by 27.5 and increased the percentage of
protection against disease infection by 68.39%. SO-Ag NPs was the most effective inducers which decreased
the contents of Malonaldehyde (MDA) and H2O2 by 41.3% and 77.1%. Applying SO-Ag NPs or SO lowered
the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and improved the fruit set and yield in infected trees. We could assume that, to prevent E. amylovora fire blight disease in pears, SO-Ag NPs, SO are
safe, effective, and environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional antibiotics |
