: Oxidative stress was stimulated upon IR exposure in
tongue, indicated by boosted malondialdehyde (MDA) level, along with a decrease
in the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and
catalase (CAT) activities. Additionally, IR exposure depicted an increase of serum
IgE, inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),
interleukin (IL)-6, along with overexpression mRNA levels of nuclear factor
kappa-B transcription factor/p65 (NF-κB/p65), and down-regulation of nuclear
factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase (HO-1) mRNA
levels in tongue tissue. Moreover, IR triggered alterations in lingual histological
architecture. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of WP mitigated |
