Hymenolepis nana (H.nana) is the smallest, most common human tape-worm infection world wide.This study investigated the therapeutic effect of a synthetic drug, praziquantel and another one of plant origin,Rosamarinusofficinalis oil, on experimentally H.nana infected mice.Animals(130 laboratory bred male Swiss albino mice) were classified into two groups , Group A for studying the efficacy of both drugs on immature hymenolepiasis, Group B for studying the efficacy of both drugs on mature hymenolepiasis, ,each group was then divided into five subgroups.Histopathological changes of the intestinal mucosa ,as well as the number and size of cysticercoids were used to evaluate the efficacy of tested drugs on the immature hymenolepiasis.The total worm burden and the total egg output were used to evaluate the efficacy of tested drugs on the mature hymenolepiasis.Results showed that the combined PZQ and Rosamarinusofficinalis oil treated group demonstrated the best results regarding the reduction of the mean cysticercoid number and diameter (100%) as well as the restoration of the normal architecture of the intestinal villi with undetectable cysticercoids in immature hymenolepiasis,reduction in the total worm burden(TWB) and total egg output(TEO) in mature hymenolepiasis.Praziquantel effectively eradicated adult worms and rapidly improved pathological changes .The effect of Rosamarinusofficinalis oil on TWBand TEO was duration and time dependent .In conclusion,Rosamarinusofficinalis can be used as a food supplementation in pediatric infection to prevent internal and external autoinfection of hymenolepiasis and would be beneficial for at risk patients who have hypersensitivity to praziquantel or any other contraindication.
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