Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer in the world with relative frequency of 7.8% of all cancers. It is the second leading cause of cancer related mortality worldwide, accounting for 11.3% of cancer deaths
Aim of the Work: This retrospective immunohistochemical work aims to study the significance of Beclin-1 and APE1 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma to correlate all the findings with clinicopathological data and histochemical expression for H.pylori trying to evaluate their possible role in tumourgenesis and gastric cancer progression.
Material and Methods: This retrospective study was carried upon 68 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma. Fourty seven cases from non-malignant lesions, adjacent to gastric adenocarcinoma, were also included in the study. These adjacent non-malignant lesions included 25 chronic gastritis, 7 intestinal metaplasia and 15 gastric dysplastic lesions. Ten cases of normal gastric tissue were used as a control group. Normal control cases were taken from patients underwent reduction gastrectomy for obesity. The studied cases included archival formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded blocks processed during the years 2005-2012. These blocks were collected from the Pathology Departments of Benha faculty of medicine. The clinicopathological data were collected from the files of the patients. The studied cases previously stained with Her2/neu and correlated with the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical parametrs studied.
Results: Ages of the studied 68 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma ranged from 33 to 73years with mean age (54.97, SD ± 11.022). Minimum age group was between 30 and 40 year (9%). Maximum age group (32.4%) was in the seventh decade. In the present work, There was a signifcant statistical correlation between tumour infilterating neutrophils (TINs) and TNM stage (P value=0.001). This may indicate that neutrophils may play a significant role in tumour progression and invasion.
Conclusion: The two proteins, Beclin-1(autophagic marker) and APE1( a critical oncogene) could be used as predictors of prognosis in gastric cancer. As, inhibition of APE1 expression by AT101 could promot dose-dependent autophagy with presentation of autophagosome in gastric cancer cells. Down-regulation of APE1 by AT101 activates autophagy and facilitates gastric cancer cell migration and self-renewal, further maybe involving in mechanism of gastric cancer metastasis in clinical application.
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