Background: The ability to see well is critical in one's life. Our retina is similar to a film in a camera, generatingelectrical impulses that are then sent to the brain, where they are interpreted as visual pictures by retinal nerve fibres inthe brain. A healthy macula provides the sharpest vision, which is essential for jobs that need a lot of visual processingpower. To ensure the efficacy of treating macular injuries, it is essential to measure the thickness of the macula beforeand after therapy. Diagnostic imaging using OCT offers in vivo study of various retinal layers and anterior segmentwith 1–15 m resolution without contacting or invasively implanting any equipment into the patient's body Because itaccurately measures RNFL and macular thickness and identifies early structural changes, it becomes an essentialdiagnostic tool for glaucoma, macular edoema, and other retinal and optic nerve disorders. It may also be used tofollow up on patients with macular degeneration. It is now possible to create 3D pictures with unprecedented speedand quality thanks to the advent of the new SD-OCT technology. RNFL and macular thickness may be evaluated in asafe, consistent, rapid, and objective manner using this approach. Studying pRNFL and macular thickness inhyperopia, myopia, and emmetropia using spectral domain optical coherence tomography has the goal of learning howthey relate to acuity levels (AL). Methods: The 45 eyes of 23 healthy volunteers were sorted into three categoriesbased on their axial length: Group I (myopic) consists of 15 people (axial length: 24.6-27 mm). Eyes in the secondgroup (Emmetropic) have (axial length: 22.6-24.5 mm). There are 15 eyes in this group that are hypermetropic (axiallength: 20-22.5 mm). Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography was utilised to quantify macular thickness andperipapillary RNFL thickness in all quadrates after a complete clinical examination of the participants. Results: Tominimise the impact of age-related retinal changes, we structured the present research to include participants rangingin age from 14 to 40. Age had no effect on macular or pRNFL thickness, which were found to be identical. Ourresearch identified no significant differences in macular thickness and RNFL thickness across other demographiccharacteristics including gender and eye preference. Because of this, these aspects aren't relevant when trying todetermine what RNFL readings are typical. The research groups did not vary in central macular thickness (CMT). Inall quadrants (temporal, inferior, and nasal), except in the superior quadrant, parafoveal thickness does not varysignificantly. However, there was a strong negative association between it and other variables across research groups.There was a strong negative connection in the superior, temporal, and nasal quadrants for perifoveal thickness, butthere was no difference in the inferior quadrant. This suggests that All quadrants had a thicker parafoveal zone than theperifoveal region. The "double hump pattern" and the "ISNT rule" were evident in our analysis of pRNFL thickness.The AL demonstrated a negative relationship with the thickness of the RNFL. In both the superior and inferiorquadrants, this was statistically significant. In terms of the temporal and nasal quadrants, there was no significantdifference between the research groups. It can be concluded that the lengthening of AL has a significant negativecorrelation with the macula retinal thickness in the superior, nasal and temporal quadrants as well as the innerparafovea in the superior quadrant. However, there was no correlation between AL lengthening and the macula'scentral thickness. In all three groups, pRNFL exhibited the distinctive "double hump pattern" and adhered to the"ISNT rule." When it came to the temporal and nasal quadrants, there was no statistically significant differencebetween the research groups in terms of RNFL thickness and axial length. To accurately assess the thickness ofvarious retinal tissues, such as RNFL, OCT is a helpful tool. This helps in early glaucoma diagnosis, follow-up, andtreatment of patients to prevent them from irreversible vision loss.
(PDF) Studying the Correlation between Axial Length and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Macular Thickness by Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358344421_Studying_the_Correlation_between_Axial_Length_and_Retinal_Nerve_Fiber_Layer_and_Macular_Thickness_by_Spectral-Domain_Optical_Coherence_Tomography [accessed Jul 18 2024]. |
