River channel confluence is one of the morphological features of each river system. It is identified by highly pattern of flow, sediment transport and bed variations. The objectives of this study are: evaluate the Nile River confluence morphological changes on the shear layer, shows the hydraulic and morphological changes at different years, study the nature of sediment transport at channel confluences, its relationship to bed morphology and the variables that control both, comparing contour maps at different years to determine if the sites are changing over time or if the confluent channels remain relatively stable, assessment the effect of the discharge, the momentum flux ratios and angular geometry of confluence in multiple channel systems. The numerical model is applied to simulate the flow pattern and bed topography under wide range of natural conditions. The model was run at three different years 1982, 2003 and 2016. Obtained results illustrate the changes that happened at previous years. |
