This work aimed to detect association between virulence factors of UPEC strains and pap adhesion encoding operon gene which is responsible for adhesion of E.coli to the uroepithelium. Methods : This work was carried on 80 patients (27males and 53 females) attending to the Outpatient Clinic of Urology Department of Benha University Hospital suffering from UTI, their age ranged from 15 to 60 years old. Clean catch mid stream urine samples were collected in sterile screw capped containers. Twenty stool samples as a source of commensal E.coli were collected from healthy individuals matched for age and sex with the patient group (control group). Urine sample examined macroscopically and microscopically as a wet preparation detect significant pyuria, red cell, casts and bacteria. Viable count using calibrated loop was done , urine and stool samples were inoculated on MacConky agar plates and incubated for 24h at 37°C, Lactose fermenting colonies were identified as E.Coli by gram-stained films and biochemical reaction. Antibiogram was done for isolated E.coli strains by disc diffusion method, then subjected to test of some virulence factors as Cell surface hydrophobicity, haemolysin production, serum resistance, gelatinase production, and extended spectrum β lactamase production. Finally detection of pap gene by PCR..
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