Scour is very critical, a natural phenomenon that affects the stability of the hydraulic structure in Egypt such as barrages, spillways due to its erosive effects on the structural elements such as piers, gates, and bed material of the water channel. Several studies focused on using different methods to minimize scour effect such as end sills, corrugated apron, and employing recycled material and used it as bed material. In this experimental study, using silica fume with fine sand as a bed material seemed to be very effective in reducing scour downstream sluice gate. A laboratory flume inthe Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Egypt was used as a simulation of water flow through a hydraulic structure with a gate. Several parameters were studied such as the effect of scour in case of changing the value of discharge ( 22, 24, and 29 L/sec), tailwater‘s depth (18, 20, and 22 cm), the percentages of silica fume added to fine sand (0, 1, 5, and 10%) in addition to the type of mixture (with water and without water).72 experimental runs were performed and the scour was measured after each attempt. The results showed that increasing the percentage of silica fume has an effective role in minimizing the scour in the case of adding water to the mixture of sand and silica fume. Also, increasing the discharge and decreasing the tailwater‘s depth increased the scour that occurred downstream the sluice gate. |
