Insulin In Cord Blood In Relation To Birth Weight And Gestational Age In Egyption Newborns:

Nihal Ahmed Aly Wahby

- 206 -SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS=======================This study was conducted on I8 term newborns, I2 termnewborns with a birthweight ranging from 2K 800 to 3kg 200,I9 low birthweight with normal gestational age, I8 pretermbabies and 20 newborns of diabetic mothers.Complete clinical examination was performedInsulin and Somatomedin ( SM ) were estimated in thecord Sera of these babies.Somatomedin was estiMted by the Hall method using radioactivesulfate ( S35 uptake ) of pelvic rudiment of chick embryo,I2 days duration. The normal level in full term newborn is takenas IOO% activity and the other groups were Compared to this level.The mean insulin levels in cord blood were significantlylower in the low birthweight and premature .groups compared tothe control, thus reflecting the participation of insulin inthe process of fetal growth.The mean insulin leveld were significantly elevated,ininfants of diabetic mothers compared to the control. Thus,fetalinsulin is related to fetal size and is am inportant ”growth FactorThe significant positive correlation between birthweight,body length, skull cirCumference and serum insulin concentrationsin cord blood, denotes that insulin emerges as the hormone mostclearly related to Fetal growth.The mean Somatomedin levels in cord blood were signifi_cantly lower in the low birthweight and premature compared tothe control and this reffects the participation of Somat~edinin the process of Fetal growth.The highly significant correlation between 8M cord bloodto birthweight and gestational age. Suggest that the Somatomedinsmay be additional contributory Factors in the growth anddevelopment of the human Fetus.The highly significant correlation between insUlin andSomatomedin in the low birthweight and premature group confirmthat insulin increases somatomedin production. The detailedmechanisms of the effects of insulin on somatomedin Productionneed to be clarified by further StUdies. Also a highly-- --- -----------_ .. _--- 207 -significant correlation of insulin to somatomedin was found ininfants of diabetic mothers.These results documents that insulinand somatomedin are closely interrelated in the process or Fetalgrowth.A strong positive correlation exists between the blood sugarof the mother and her infant at the moment of birth. Mean bloodglucose level during later part of pregnancy in non diabetic women,in long term and short - term treated diabetic showed a positivecorrelation with the mean birthweights of their infants.A significant correlation was found between cord glucoselevel and infant birthweight in the low birthweight , prematureand diabetic group. Thus a Strong correlation exists between cordglucose level and infant birthweight.